心理学最新文献

{"title":"Decoding the essence of two-character Chinese words: Unveiling valence, arousal, concreteness, familiarity, and imageability through word norming.","authors":"Yuen-Lai Chan, Chi-Shing Tse","doi":"10.3758/s13428-024-02437-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-024-02437-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Investigation of affective and semantic dimensions of words is essential for studying word processing. In this study, we expanded Tse et al.'s (Behav Res Methods 49:1503-1519, 2017; Behav Res Methods 55:4382-4402, 2023) Chinese Lexicon Project by norming five word dimensions (valence, arousal, familiarity, concreteness, and imageability) for over 25,000 two-character Chinese words presented in traditional script. Through regression models that controlled for other variables, we examined the relationships among these dimensions. We included ambiguity, quantified by the standard deviation of the ratings of a given lexical variable across different raters, as separate variables (e.g., valence ambiguity) to explore their connections with other variables. The intensity-ambiguity relationships (i.e., between normed variables and their ambiguities, like valence with valence ambiguity) were also examined. In these analyses with a large pool of words and controlling for other lexical variables, we replicated the asymmetric U-shaped valence-arousal relationship, which was moderated by valence and arousal ambiguities. We also observed a curvilinear relationship between valence and familiarity and between valence and concreteness. Replicating Brainerd et al.'s (J Exp Psychol Gen 150:1476-1499, 2021; J Mem Lang 121:104286, 2021) quadratic intensity-ambiguity relationships, we found that the ambiguity of valence, arousal, concreteness, and imageability decreases as the value of these variables is extremely low or extremely high, although this was not generalized to familiarity. While concreteness and imageability were strongly correlated, they displayed different relationships with arousal, valence, familiarity, and valence ambiguity, suggesting their distinct conceptual nature. These findings further our understanding of the affective and semantic dimensions of two-character Chinese words. The normed values of all these variables can be accessed via https://osf.io/hwkv7 .</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring temporal bias in sequential numerosity comparison.","authors":"Serena Dolfi, Alberto Testolin, Simone Cutini, Marco Zorzi","doi":"10.3758/s13428-024-02436-x","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-024-02436-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While several methods have been proposed to assess the influence of continuous visual cues in parallel numerosity estimation, the impact of temporal magnitudes on sequential numerosity judgments has been largely ignored. To overcome this issue, we extend a recently proposed framework that makes it possible to separate the contribution of numerical and non-numerical information in numerosity comparison by introducing a novel stimulus space designed for sequential tasks. Our method systematically varies the temporal magnitudes embedded into event sequences through the orthogonal manipulation of numerosity and two latent factors, which we designate as \"duration\" and \"temporal spacing\". This allows us to measure the contribution of finer-grained temporal features on numerosity judgments in several sensory modalities. We validate the proposed method on two different experiments in both visual and auditory modalities: results show that adult participants discriminated sequences primarily by relying on numerosity, with similar acuity in the visual and auditory modality. However, participants were similarly influenced by non-numerical cues, such as the total duration of the stimuli, suggesting that temporal cues can significantly bias numerical processing. Our findings highlight the need to carefully consider the continuous properties of numerical stimuli in a sequential mode of presentation as well, with particular relevance in multimodal and cross-modal investigations. We provide the complete code for creating sequential stimuli and analyzing participants' responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEMA³: A free smartphone platform for daily life surveys.","authors":"Sarah T O'Brien, Nerisa Dozo, Jordan D X Hinton, Ella K Moeck, Rio Susanto, Glenn T Jayaputera, Richard O Sinnott, Duy Vu, Mario Alvarez-Jimenez, John Gleeson, Peter Koval","doi":"10.3758/s13428-024-02445-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-024-02445-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditionally, behavioral, social, and health science researchers have relied on global/retrospective survey methods administered cross-sectionally (i.e., on a single occasion) or longitudinally (i.e., on several occasions separated by weeks, months, or years). More recently, social and health scientists have added daily life survey methods (also known as intensive longitudinal methods or ambulatory assessment) to their toolkit. These methods (e.g., daily diaries, experience sampling, ecological momentary assessment) involve dense repeated assessments in everyday settings. To facilitate research using daily life survey methods, we present SEMA³ ( http://www.SEMA3.com ), a platform for designing and administering intensive longitudinal daily life surveys via Android and iOS smartphones. SEMA³ fills an important gap by providing researchers with a free, intuitive, and flexible platform with basic and advanced functionality. In this article, we describe SEMA³'s development history and system architecture, provide an overview of how to design a study using SEMA³ and outline its key features, and discuss the platform's limitations and propose directions for future development of SEMA³.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A jsPsych touchscreen extension for behavioral research on touch-enabled interfaces.","authors":"Younes Strittmatter, Markus W H Spitzer, Nadja Ging-Jehli, Sebastian Musslick","doi":"10.3758/s13428-024-02454-9","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-024-02454-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Online experiments are increasingly gaining traction in the behavioral sciences. Despite this, behavioral researchers have largely continued to use keyboards as the primary input devices for such online studies, overlooking the ubiquity of touchscreens in everyday use. This paper presents an open-source touchscreen extension for jsPsych, a JavaScript framework designed for conducting online experiments. We additionally evaluated the touchscreen extension assessing whether typical behavioral findings from two distinct perceptual decision-making tasks - the random-dot kinematogram and the Stroop task - can similarly be observed when administered via touchscreen devices compared to keyboard devices. Our findings indicate similar performance metrics for each paradigm between the touchscreen and keyboard versions of the experiments. Specifically, we observe similar psychometric curves in the random-dot kinematogram across the touchscreen and keyboard versions. Similarly, in the Stroop task, we detect significant task, congruency, and sequential congruency effects in both experiment versions. We conclude that our open-source touchscreen extension serves as a promising tool for data collection in online behavioral experiments on forced-choice tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ambiguous Cue Task: Measurement reliability of an experimental paradigm for the assessment of interpretation bias and associations with mental health.","authors":"Diana J N Armbruster-Genç, Rebecca A Rammensee, Stefanie M Jungmann, Philine Drake, Michèle Wessa, Ulrike Basten","doi":"10.3758/s13428-024-02451-y","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-024-02451-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interpretation biases in the processing of ambiguous affective information are assumed to play an important role in the onset and maintenance of emotional disorders. Reports of low reliability for experimental measures of cognitive biases have called into question previous findings on the association of these measures with markers of mental health and demonstrated the need to systematically evaluate measurement reliability for measures of cognitive biases. We evaluated reliability and correlations with self-report measures of mental health for interpretation bias scores derived from the Ambiguous Cue Task (ACT), an experimental paradigm for the assessment of approach-avoidance behavior towards ambiguous affective stimuli. For a non-clinical sample, the measurement of an interpretation bias with the ACT showed high internal consistency (r_SB = .91 - .96, N = 354) and acceptable 2-week test-retest correlations (r_Pearson = .61 - .65, n = 109). Correlations between the ACT interpretation bias scores and mental health-related self-report measures of personality and well-being were generally small (r ≤ |.11|) and statistically not significant when correcting for multiple comparisons. These findings suggest that in non-clinical populations, individual differences in the interpretation of ambiguous affective information as assessed with the ACT do not show a clear association with self-report markers of mental health. However, in allowing for a highly reliable measurement of interpretation bias, the ACT provides a valuable tool for studies considering potentially small effect sizes in non-clinical populations by studying bigger samples as well as for work on clinical populations, for which potentially greater effects can be expected.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Completion of Ecological Momentary Assessments Among Substance-Using Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence.","authors":"Manshu Yang, Melissa R Schick, Tami P Sullivan, Nicole H Weiss","doi":"10.1177/10731911231216948","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911231216948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Noncompletion of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys is a common issue and may yield bias in results if not properly handled. Using data observed at scheduled times as well as data retrieved later to fill missing responses, this study aims to investigate predictors of EMA completion, including demographic characteristics, time-related factors, and momentary experiences/behaviors. Data were from a 30-day EMA study including 145 women currently experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) and using substances. The average rate of EMA completion was initially 51.4% at the scheduled times and increased to 72.6% after incorporating data from later-retrieved surveys. Participants who were younger, had more children, or had lower mean levels of negative affect dysregulation showed lower completion rates. At the momentary survey level, more days into the study and afternoon/evening reports (vs. morning reports) were associated with lower completion; lower levels of negative affect dysregulation, less smoking or alcohol use, and experiencing IPV were linked to lower momentary completion. Implications of the results for handling missing data in EMA are discussed and have important ramifications for future research, practice, and theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139085690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties and Validity of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders: Parent Version (SCARED-P) in an Early Childhood Sample.","authors":"Bethan Scoberg, Christopher Hobson, Stephanie van Goozen","doi":"10.1177/10731911231225203","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10731911231225203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders: Parent Version (SCARED-P) was originally developed for use in middle childhood and adolescence. The present study examined the psychometric properties and validity of the SCARED-P in an early childhood sample (predominantly aged 4-7 years). The 41-item version of the SCARED-P was administered to the parents of 233 children (mean age = 6.31 years, <i>SD</i> = 1.08; females = 34.3%). Confirmatory factor analysis provided mixed support for the original five-factor model of the SCARED-P. The SCARED-P demonstrated good to excellent internal consistency (total α = .94, subscale α = .68-.89), and good construct validity with the Child Behavior Checklist, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Developmental and Well-being Assessment. These findings indicate overall initial support for the SCARED-P's utility as a measure of anxiety in early childhood, but further psychometric and validation studies are needed in larger community-based samples of young children.</p>","PeriodicalId":8577,"journal":{"name":"Assessment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11414133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139519899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Many nonnormalities, one simulation: Do different data generation algorithms affect study results?","authors":"Amanda J Fairchild, Yunhang Yin, Amanda N Baraldi, Oscar L Olvera Astivia, Dexin Shi","doi":"10.3758/s13428-024-02364-w","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-024-02364-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monte Carlo simulation studies are among the primary scientific outputs contributed by methodologists, guiding application of various statistical tools in practice. Although methodological researchers routinely extend simulation study findings through follow-up work, few studies are ever replicated. Simulation studies are susceptible to factors that can contribute to replicability failures, however. This paper sought to conduct a meta-scientific study by replicating one highly cited simulation study (Curran et al., Psychological Methods, 1, 16-29, 1996) that investigated the robustness of normal theory maximum likelihood (ML)-based chi-square fit statistics under multivariate nonnormality. We further examined the generalizability of the original study findings across different nonnormal data generation algorithms. Our replication results were generally consistent with original findings, but we discerned several differences. Our generalizability results were more mixed. Only two results observed under the original data generation algorithm held completely across other algorithms examined. One of the most striking findings we observed was that results associated with the independent generator (IG) data generation algorithm vastly differed from other procedures examined and suggested that ML was robust to nonnormality for the particular factor model used in the simulation. Findings point to the reality that extant methodological recommendations may not be universally valid in contexts where multiple data generation algorithms exist for a given data characteristic. We recommend that researchers consider multiple approaches to generating a specific data or model characteristic (when more than one is available) to optimize the generalizability of simulation results.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139929818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dealing with missing data in multi-informant studies: A comparison of approaches.","authors":"Po-Yi Chen, Fan Jia, Wei Wu, Min-Heng Wang, Tzi-Yang Chao","doi":"10.3758/s13428-024-02367-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-024-02367-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multi-informant studies are popular in social and behavioral science. However, their data analyses are challenging because data from different informants carry both shared and unique information and are often incomplete. Using Monte Carlo Simulation, the current study compares three approaches that can be used to analyze incomplete multi-informant data when there is a distinction between reference and nonreference informants. These approaches include a two-method measurement model for planned missing data (2MM-PMD), treating nonreference informants' reports as auxiliary variables with the full-information maximum likelihood method or multiple imputation, and listwise deletion. The result suggests that 2MM-PMD, when correctly specified and data are missing at random, has the best overall performance among the examined approaches regarding point estimates, type I error rates, and statistical power. In addition, it is also more robust to data that are not missing at random.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139989187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding benefits during collective stress: A study of health behaviors in a longitudinal representative U.S. sample during the COVID-19 era.","authors":"Dana Rose Garfin, Nickolas M Jones, E Alison Holman, Roxane Cohen Silver","doi":"10.1037/hea0001394","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cognitive strategies like finding benefits during adversity may facilitate coping during collective stressors (like COVID-19) by reducing distress or motivating health protective behaviors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We explored relationships between benefit finding, collective- and individual-level adversity exposure, psychological distress, and health protective behaviors using longitudinal data collected during the COVID-19 era from a representative, probability-based sample of U.S. residents: Wave 1 (<i>N</i> = 6,514, March 18, 2020-April 18, 2020, 58.5% completion rate); Wave 2 (<i>N</i> = 5,661, September 26, 2020-October 16, 2020, 87.1% completion rate); Wave 3 (<i>N</i> = 4,881, November 8, 2021-November 24, 2021, 75.3% completion rate); and Wave 4 (<i>N</i> = 4,859, May 19, 2022-June 16, 2022, 75.1% completion rate).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Benefit finding was common; k-means clustering (an exploratory, data-driven approach) yielded five trajectories: always high (15.85%), always low (18.52%), always middle (28.47%), increasing (17.79%), and decreasing (19.37%). Benefit-finding trajectories were generally not strong correlates of psychological distress and functional impairment over time. Rather, benefit finding robustly correlated with health protective behaviors relevant to COVID-19 and the seasonal flu. In covariate-adjusted models, benefit finding positively correlated with more social distancing (β = .24, <i>p</i> < .001) and mask wearing (β = .18, <i>p</i> < .001) at Wave 2 and greater COVID-19 (odds ratio, <i>OR</i> = 1.23, <i>p</i> = .001) and flu (<i>OR</i> = 1.29, <i>p</i> < .001) vaccination at Wave 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although benefit finding was not generally associated with lower psychological distress during a collective stressor, it correlated with engagement in stressor-related health protective behaviors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}