心理学最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to Public Perceptions of Individuals Attracted to Children: The Impact of the Person's Gender, Child Gender, and Preferentiality on Stigma and Perceived Risk to Offend.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/10790632251315970","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10790632251315970","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21828,"journal":{"name":"Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment","volume":" ","pages":"756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Range restriction corrections in personnel selection: A mixed range restriction correction approach to overcome a key limitation in applying Case V.","authors":"Huy Le, In-Sue Oh, Philip L Roth, Frank L Schmidt","doi":"10.1037/apl0001276","DOIUrl":"10.1037/apl0001276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advancements in range restriction (RR) correction research suggest that Case V (Dahlke & Wiernik, 2020; Le et al., 2016) is one of the most accurate approaches to correct for (indirect) RR. However, researchers have had difficulty applying the Case V approach, especially in validation and meta-analytic (including validity generalization) studies, because of the lack of information regarding one of its key components: the RR ratio of the criterion (<i>u</i>Y), particularly in the context of job performance ratings. In the present study, we provide a solution to this problem by presenting a mixed approach using Case IV to estimate the <i>u</i>Y of job performance ratings, a critical input in implementing Case V correction (by doing so, mixing Cases IV and V). The premise for this mixed approach hinges upon prior findings that Case IV yields the same unbiased estimates as does Case V as long as its \"full mediation\" assumption is met. The accuracy of the approach is then tested and compared to those of existing RR correction approaches (Cases II, IV, and V) using Monte Carlo simulations covering a wide range of conditions researchers may realistically encounter in their research. We discuss the present study's implications for personnel selection research and practice, along with study limitations and future research directions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":15135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1240-1263"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of young people referred for treatment of depression and anxiety in a school-based mental health service.","authors":"Emilia Robinson, Chloe Chapman, Faith Orchard, Clare Dixon, Mary John","doi":"10.1111/bjc.12526","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjc.12526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the paper was to describe referrals to a UK school-based mental health service for children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children and young people (CYP) (N = 485, aged 4-18) were referred to two Mental Health Support Team sites in the South of England in 2021, for CBT-informed interventions for mild-to-moderate anxiety and depression. Child and parent reported outcome measures were completed pre-intervention, including measures of symptom severity and impact.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Referrals consisted of 61% female, 57% secondary school age (12-18 years old) and 81% White British. Children of secondary school age self-reported significantly higher levels of anxiety (p = .003) and depression (p < .001) than children of primary age. Females self-reported significantly higher levels of anxiety (p < .001) and depression (p < .001) than males. The majority of CYP self-reported below or borderline threshold anxiety, depression and overall internalizing symptoms. The majority of caregiver-reported CYP difficulties met the clinical threshold for anxiety and overall internalizing symptoms, but not depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings have direct relevance to the transformation and delivery of school-based public mental health services for children and adolescents. There is a need to collect routine data from other services to assess the broader needs of CYP referred for low intensity early interventions across regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48211,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Clinical Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"744-756"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12334979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Return-to-Manual Performance in Lower- and Higher-Degree Automation.","authors":"Natalie Griffiths, Vanessa K Bowden, Serena Wee, Shayne Loft","doi":"10.1177/00187208251323101","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00187208251323101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo examine operator state variables (workload, fatigue, trust in automation, task engagement) that potentially predict return-to-manual (RTM) performance after automation fails to complete a task action.BackgroundLimited research has examined the extent to which within-person variability in operator states predicts RTM performance, a prerequisite to adapting work systems based on expected performance degradation/operator strain. We examine whether operator states differentially predict RTM performance as a function of degree of automation (DOA).MethodParticipants completed a simulated air traffic control task. Conflict detection was assisted by either a higher- or lower-DOA. When automation failed to resolve a conflict, participants needed to prevent that conflict (i.e., RTM). Participants' self-reported workload, fatigue, trust in automation, and task engagement were periodically measured.ResultsParticipants using lower DOA were faster to resolve conflicts (RTM RT) missed by automation than those using higher DOA. DOA did not moderate the relationship between operator states and RTM performance. Collapsed across DOA, increased workload (relative to participants' own average) and increased fatigue (relative to sample average, or relative to own average) led to the resolution of fewer conflicts missed by automation (poorer RTM accuracy). Participants with higher trust (relative to own average) had higher RTM accuracy.ConclusionsVariation in operator state measures of workload, fatigue, and trust can predict RTM performance. However, given some identified inconsistency in which states are predictive across studies, further research is needed.ApplicationsAdaptive work systems could be designed to respond to vulnerable operator states to minimise RTM performance decrements.</p>","PeriodicalId":56333,"journal":{"name":"Human Factors","volume":" ","pages":"877-896"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12329155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selectively attended information is obligatorily encoded into visual working memory.","authors":"Zachary Hamblin-Frohman, Jay Pratt","doi":"10.1037/xhp0001344","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xhp0001344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There exists a bidirectional relationship between visual attention and visual working memory (VWM). Some argue that it is a voluntary process to encode an attended item into VWM. However, research has shown that attentional selection (defined as selection of one item from others) exclusively interferes with retained VWM information. The current study puts forth a selective-encoding hypothesis, that a selectively attended item is automatically encoded into VWM, which would clarify a critical link between selective attention and VWM. On Trial 1 (<i>T</i>₁) participants searched for a target item, either presented among nontarget items (selection) or in isolation to account for feature priming (target alone). On Trial 2 (<i>T</i>₂) participants continued to search for the same target among nontargets, however, a color distractor was now present that could either match the color of the <i>T</i>₁ target or was a neutral color. In Experiment 1, we showed that when a target item is selected on <i>T</i>₁ the magnitude of distraction (measured via eye movements and response times) from the matching distractor was greater than the neutral distractor, compared to the target-alone condition. This critical interaction was replicated in Experiments 2a and 2b, which varied different search parameters controlling for stimulus-driven confounds. Experiment 3 established a causal link between selection-driven capture and VWM. When VWM was at capacity, influence from the selectively attended <i>T</i>₁ target on <i>T</i>₂ distraction was eliminated, while performance across memory conditions was consistent for target-alone <i>T</i>₁ conditions. Together the three experiments show evidence for obligatory encoding of selectively attended items into VWM. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":50195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance","volume":" ","pages":"1211-1223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of cognitive functions post traumatic upper limb injuries in adults: A longitudinal study.","authors":"Xue Zhang, Tamara Tse, Kai-Yi Qiu, Shao-Zhen Chen, Xia Li, Maryam Zoghi","doi":"10.1080/09602011.2024.2424982","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09602011.2024.2424982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have demonstrated a possible association between cognitive impairments and traumatic upper limb injuries. This study aims to track the cognitive changes in individuals with such injuries. In this longitudinal study, 36 participants with traumatic upper limb injuries and 36 uninjured participants were enrolled. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) and the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) over a period of 6 months, with evaluations conducted on three occasions: 1 month (T1), 3 months (T2), and 6 months (T3). The results revealed that participants with nerve injuries exhibited significantly lower RAVLT scores overall and at each time point (Overall: Wald χ² = 7.99, <i>P</i> < .05; T1: Wald χ² = 7.61, <i>P</i> < .05; T2: Wald χ² = 5.95, <i>P</i> < .05; T3: Wald χ² = 5.76, <i>P</i> < .05). In contrast, no significant impairment in RAVLT performance was observed in participants without nerve injuries. Additionally, the SCWT showed no significant differences between injured and uninjured participants over the six-month period (<i>P</i> > .05). In conclusion, traumatic nerve injuries to the upper limbs negatively affect memory, and this impairment does not spontaneously recover within six months.</p>","PeriodicalId":54729,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychological Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"1531-1543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'It just feels unnatural being here': Autistic secondary school students' experiences of sensory sensitivities in the school environment.","authors":"Jennifer Price, Anna Mel Romualdez","doi":"10.1177/13623613251333860","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613251333860","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Autistic young people often struggle to cope with the daily demands of school and are likelier to experience poorer wellbeing and educational outcomes than their non-autistic peers. Among other factors, this may be because mainstream settings are unsuitable for individuals' sensory needs. Evidence suggests the unpredictable multi-sensory nature of school can elicit sensory distress, adversely affecting behaviour and learning. However, existing literature has primarily taken a top-down deductive approach and largely neglected autistic voices. The present study, therefore, employed a participatory approach and photo-voice semi-structured interview method to explore autistic students' sensory experiences in a mainstream secondary school in the U.K. The sample consisted of six students aged 12-16 years with a clinical diagnosis of autism attending a state comprehensive school in Suffolk, U.K. Through reflexive thematic analysis, three main themes were identified: (1) impact of the school environment; (2) the importance of safe spaces and (3) levels of support and understanding. This study's findings suggest autistic students are routinely overstimulated, overwhelmed and lack adequate support to overcome sensory barriers in mainstream settings. This study has implications for further participatory research and inclusive practice to ensure better educational experiences and outcomes for autistic young people.Lay AbstractAutistic young people often struggle to manage and respond to sensory stimuli within the school environment, impacting wellbeing, energy levels and the ability to learn. We asked six autistic students aged 12-16 years about their sensory experiences at secondary school. Specifically, we asked students to photograph areas in school that they positively and negatively associated with sensory stimulation, and follow-up interviews focused on these photographs and individuals' sensory experiences. Many studies previously examined the sensory impact of school on autistic children. However, few studies have considered how autistic children think and feel about how their sensory differences affect them in school. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate autistic students' firsthand accounts of sensory challenges within a secondary state school in the U.K. Students spoke about the detrimental effects of the school environment on their sensory needs and the importance of quiet spaces to recharge. Students also described a lack of consistent and adequate support to overcome daily sensory barriers. Generally, participants desired acceptance and understanding of their autistic identity and differences. This study has implications for future practice and research. With increasing numbers of autistic children attending mainstream schools, central and local governments must increase funding and support to equip schools and staff with the necessary training and resources to meet autistic students' sensory needs. Increased provision of quiet room","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"2228-2238"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychological rehabilitation in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.","authors":"Daniel Redero, Esther Lázaro, Natalia Vázquez, Cristina Soria","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2248642","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2248642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, chronic, inflammatory and demyelinating disease that affects the Central Nervous System (CNS). It is the most common disabling neurological disease in young patients not caused by traumatic shock. Depending on how symptoms appear and how often they occur, there are different subtypes of MS. One of them is the relapsing-remitting phenotype (R-R), which the symptoms appear in the form of isolated outbreaks which, little by little, are causing the increase of the disease and its sequelae. MS encompasses a wide variety of symptoms, including possible cognitive impairment. In the literature there is no clear methodology and a defined and structured consensus to carry out neuropsychological rehabilitation processes in this group.<b>Aim:</b> This study aims to review and synthesize the available scientific evidence about the neuropsychological intervention on cognitive impairment of people with multiple sclerosis, relapsing-remitting subtype.<b>Methods:</b> Keywords for database search (Pubmed and Wos) were established, as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, the articles were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria; methodological quality criteria were applied. Articles published in the last 10 years were included.<b>Results:</b> Fifteen articles that met the established criteria were selected. Most of these studies identify as effective their cognitive rehabilitation programs, some of them showed changes in neural structures after rehabilitation.<b>Discussion:</b> It seems that cognitive rehabilitation is effective in influencing cognitive deterioration in R-R MS. This highlights the importance of neuropsychological evaluation and intervention from the early stages of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1496-1504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10111713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligence is a poor predictor of nonrestorability of competence to stand trial.","authors":"Aaron J Kivisto, Alexis Guynn, Hallie Jenson, Emma Knowles, Pragati Sai Magham, Courtney Miner, Keana Scelsi, Megan Porter Staats","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2253949","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2253949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Criminal defendants found incompetent to stand trial (IST) may only be committed for competency restoration if their restoration success is considered likely and when this aim can be met within a \"reasonable\" period of time. In this study, we evaluated the predictive validity and test accuracy of standardized intelligence testing on the classification of nonrestorability in a sample of 293 male patients adjudicated IST and committed for inpatient restoration. At 90 days, 17.0% of cases with FSIQ scores within one standard deviation of the mean were unrestored, and nonrestoration rates increased with each additional FSIQ standard deviation decrement to 29.5%, 38.8%, and 59.5%. Time-to-event analyses found that whereas half of patients with FSIQ scores of 56 or higher would be predicted to be restored within 64 days, the median restoration timeline was 145 days for patients with FSIQ scores of 55 or below. Positive predictive values associated with the range of possible FSIQ scores were uniformly low at modeled nonrestoration prevalence rates of 5%, 15%, and 25<b>%</b>, rarely exceeding chance levels. We conclude that although FSIQ scores are relevant to predictions of nonrestorability, particularly when scores are at least three standard deviations below average, the accuracy of individual FSIQ-based predictions of nonrestorability are limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1244-1253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10170221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of the reliability of remote neuropsychological assessment.","authors":"Tyler Brown, Konstantine K Zakzanis","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2279208","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2023.2279208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The provision of clinical neuropsychological services has predominately been undertaken by way of standardized administration in a face-to-face setting. Interpretation of psychometric findings in this context is dependent on the use of normative comparison. When the standardization in which such psychometric measures are employed deviates from how they were employed in the context of the development of its associated norms, one is left to question the reliability and hence, validity of any such findings and in turn, diagnostic decision making. In light of the current COVID-19 pandemic and resultant social distancing direction, face-to-face neuropsychological assessment has been challenging to undertake. As such, remote (i.e., virtual) neuropsychological assessment has become an obvious solution. Here, and before the results from remote neuropsychological assessment can be said to stand on firm scientific grounds, it is paramount to ensure that results garnered remotely are reliable and valid. To this end, we undertook a review of the literature and present an overview of the landscape. To date, the literature shows evidence for the reliability of remote administration and the clinical implications are paramount. When and where needed, neuropsychologists, psychometric technicians and examinees may no longer need to be in the same physical space to undergo an assessment. These findings are most relevant given the physical distancing practices because of COVID-19. And whilst remote assessment should never supplant face-to-face neuropsychological assessments, it does serve as a valid alternative when necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1536-1542"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138435384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}