Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology最新文献

{"title":"Subjective time dilation in abstinent patients with alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Jing Wu, Yu Liu, Xiangjuan Kong, Dapeng Zhang, Wei Hao, Zheng Ye","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2427320","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2427320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) may have distortions in time perception. This study investigated subjective time dilation (the tendency to perceive a time interval longer than it is) and its association with craving and impulsivity in AUD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Thirty abstinent male inpatients with AUD (age 29-60 years) and thirty sex-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls completed a temporal generalization task, which assessed the preference (point of subjective equality, PSE) and sensitivity of time perception in the second range. Craving for alcohol was assessed using the Alcohol Urge Questionnaire. Impulsivity was assessed using a delay discounting task and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11. A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests was used to measure executive function (flanker task, symbol digit modalities test, trail-making test-A/B), negative emotionality (Beck Depression Inventory-II, Self-rating Anxiety Scale), and incentive salience (monetary incentive delay task) following the Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment (ANA) framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AUD patients exhibited a smaller PSE than healthy controls, perceiving a time interval 8% longer than it was. AUD patients with a smaller PSE showed a greater craving for alcohol but not greater impulsivity. Exploratory factor analysis incorporating the PSE and ANA measures revealed four latent factors. The PSE loaded highly onto a factor reflecting time perception but not three other factors reflecting executive function, negative emotionality, and incentive salience.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AUD patients exhibit a pathological form of subjective time dilation, which is associated with a greater craving for alcohol. Time perception may be an independent functional dimension for understanding addictive behaviors in AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social norms in Korsakoff's syndrome and alcohol-related dementia.","authors":"Robin Boere, Erik Oudman, Albert Postma, Esther van den Berg","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2426826","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2426826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Social cognition is essential for individuals to perceive, process, and interpret social information that enables them to function effectively in society. Korsakoff's syndrome (KS) and alcohol-related dementia (ARD) are alcohol-related cognitive disorders that are likely to impair social cognition. This study aimed to investigate the ability to judge social norms in KS and ARD in comparison to healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 30 patients with KS, 10 patients with ARD, and 74 age-, sex-, and education-matched control participants. The Social Norms Questionnaire - Dutch version (SNQ-NL) was used to measure social cognition, and standardized tests were used to examine the association between social cognition and executive functioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both KS and ARD patients performed worse in judging social norms when compared to healthy controls, but there was no significant difference between KS and ARD. Both KS and ARD patients performed worse on the SNQ-NL, judging appropriate behavior as inappropriate (Overadhere errors), than controls. When compared to control participants, patients with KS demonstrated significantly more Break Errors, while the differences between the ARD group and the control group did not reach statistical significance. There were no significant correlations between the SNQ-NL variables and performances on standardized tests for executive functioning in both the KS and control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the ability to judge social norms in KS and ARD in comparison to healthy subjects. The results show that compared to a control group, both KS and ARD patients performed worse in judging social norms. KS and ARD patients scored equally low on social norms identification. Overall, these findings can further help us understand the difficulties in social behavior as experienced by patients and care staff, since problems in accurately judging social norms could possibly contribute to the severe behavioral issues as observed in alcohol-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological correlates of the good old days bias in mild traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Daniel L Schlehofer, Julie A Suhr","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2426622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2024.2426622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-neurological factors such as the \"expectation as etiology\" or the \"good old days\" bias (EE/GOD bias) may partially explain persistent symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI). What is less clear from existing research is the degree to which EE/GOD bias is related to other psychological correlates of persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). We examined whether the EE/GOD bias was related to illness perception beliefs, intolerance of uncertainty, suggestibility, and domain identification. Participants with MTBI history and without (controls) reported frequency and severity of current PPCS; the MTBI group additionally reported premorbid PPCS. Participants also completed measures of psychological factors potentially associated with PPCS. Consistent with previous studies of the EE/GOD bias, the MTBI group endorsed less premorbid PPCS than current PPCS and when compared to the current symptom report of the control group. The MTBI group also endorsed more current PPCS than the control group. Higher EE/GOD bias was associated with several aspects of illness identity, including belief that symptoms would be more chronic, greater illness-related psychological distress, and greater cogniphobia. Higher EE/GOD bias was also related to higher intolerance of uncertainty and stronger personal identification with memory abilities. Regression showed that perceived symptom timeline, cogniphobia, and domain identification were unique predictors of EE/GOD bias. Findings confirm that the EE/GOD bias is seen in individuals with self-reported history of MTBI and corresponds to other psychological processes that potentially explain ongoing MTBI symptoms, providing greater insight into the potential mechanisms of PPCS. Future studies should examine the EE/GOD bias and associated psychological correlates in a clinical population and also assess for potential neuropsychological correlates. Findings suggest that psychological factors and premorbid symptom report should be considered in clinical assessment and also suggest potential mechanisms of treatment of individuals with acute MTBI or prolonged MTBI symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tale of two constructs: confirmatory factor analysis of performance and symptom validity tests.","authors":"Michael R Basso, Savanna M Tierney, Brad L Roper, Douglas M Whiteside, Dennis R Combs, Eduardo Estevis","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2425004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2024.2425004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Performance validity (PV) and symptom validity (SV) tests assess biased responding that impact scores on neuropsychological tests. The extent to which PV and SV represent overlapping or unique constructs remains incompletely defined, especially among psychiatric patients in a non-forensic setting. The current study investigated this question using confirmatory factor analysis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighty-two inpatients with mood disorders were administered the Word Memory Test, and its primary indices formed a latent variable of PV. From the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 the Fake Bad Scale (FBS), Response Bias Scale (RBS), and Henry-Heilbronner Index (HHI) were employed as a latent SV variable. Two models of the relationship between PV and SV were compared. One freely estimated the shared variance between SV and PV latent constructs. The other assumed the relationship between SV and PV was homogeneous, and covariance was fixed to 1.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the freely estimated model, covariance between PV and SV was -0.18, and model fit was excellent (CFI = 0.098; TLI = 0.096; SRMR = 0.08). For the fixed model, the RBS, HHI, and FBS achieved low loadings on the SV construct, and model fit was poor (CFI = 0.66; TLI = 0.43; SRMR = 0.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PV as indexed by the WMT and SV measured by the MMPI-2 are not overlapping constructs among inpatients with mood disorders. These data imply that PV and SV represent distinct constructs in this population. Implications for practice are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142621239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive \"success\" in the setting of performance validity test failure.","authors":"Savanna M Tierney, Anastasia Matchanova, Brian I Miller, Maya Troyanskaya, Jennifer Romesser, Anita Sim, Nicholas J Pastorek","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2244161","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2244161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although studies have shown unique variance contributions from performance invalidity, it is difficult to interpret the meaning of cognitive data in the setting of performance validity test (PVT) failure. The current study aimed to examine cognitive outcomes in this context.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Two hundred and twenty-two veterans with a history of mild traumatic brain injury referred for clinical evaluation completed cognitive and performance validity measures. Standardized scores were characterized as Within Normal Limits (≥16^th normative percentile) and Below Normal Limits (<16^th percentile). Cognitive outcomes are examined across four commonly used PVTs. Self-reported employment and student status were used as indicators of \"productivity\" to assess potential functional differences related to lower cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among participants who performed in the invalid range on Test of Memory Malingering trial 1, Word Memory Test, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition Digit Span aged corrected scaled score, and the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition Forced Choice index, 16-88% earned broadly within normal limits scores across cognitive testing. Depending on which PVT measure was applied, the average number of cognitive performances below the 16^th percentile ranged from 5 to 7 of 14 tasks. There were no differences in the total number of below normal limits performances on cognitive measures between \"productive\" and \"non-productive\" participants (T = 1.65, <i>p</i> = 1.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results of the current study suggest that the range of within normal limits cognitive performance in the context of failed PVTs varies greatly. Importantly, our findings indicate that neurocognitive data may still provide important practical information regarding cognitive abilities, despite poor PVT outcomes. Further, given that rates of below normal limits cognitive performance did not differ among \"productivity\" groups, results have important implications for functional abilities and recommendations in a clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"46-54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9951545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors perpetuating functional cognitive symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Edwina L Picon, Victoria Wardell, Daniela J Palombo, Rebecca M Todd, Bilal Aziz, Sanjana Bedi, Noah D Silverberg","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2247601","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2247601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Self-reported memory difficulties (forgetting familiar names, misplacing objects) often persist long after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), despite normal neuropsychological test performance. This clinical presentation may be a manifestation of a functional cognitive disorder (FCD). Several mechanisms underlying FCD have been proposed, including metacognitive impairment, memory perfectionism, and misdirected attention, as well as depression or anxiety-related explanations. This study aims to explore these candidate perpetuating factors in mTBI, to advance our understanding of why memory symptoms frequently persist following mTBI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 67 adults (n = 39 with mTBI mean = 25 months ago and n = 28 healthy controls). Participants completed standardized questionnaires (including the Functional Memory Disorder Inventory), a metacognitive task (to quantify discrepancies between their trial-by-trial accuracy and confidence), and a brief neuropsychological test battery. We assessed candidate mechanisms in two ways: (1) between-groups, comparing participants with mTBI to healthy controls, and (2) within-group, examining their associations with functional memory symptom severity (FMDI) in the mTBI group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with mTBI performed similarly to controls on objective measures of memory ability but reported experiencing much more frequent memory lapses in daily life. Contrary to expectations, metacognitive efficiency did not differentiate the mTBI and control groups and was not associated with functional memory symptoms. Memory perfectionism was strongly associated with greater functional memory symptoms among participants with mTBI but did not differ between groups when accounting for age. Depression and checking behaviors produced consistent results across between-groups and within-group analyses: these factors were greater in the mTBI group compared to the control group and were associated with greater functional memory symptoms within the mTBI group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights promising (e.g., depression, checking behaviors) and unlikely (e.g., metacognitive impairment) mechanisms underlying functional memory symptoms after mTBI, to guide future research and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"988-1002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10032485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primacy and recency effects in verbal memory are differentially associated with post-mortem frontal cortex p-tau 217 and 202 levels in a mixed sample of community-dwelling older adults.","authors":"Kristina M Gicas, William G Honer, Vladislav A Petyuk, Robert S Wilson, Patricia A Boyle, Sue E Leurgans, Julie A Schneider, Philip L De Jager, David A Bennett","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2232583","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2232583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Serial position effects in verbal memory are associated with <i>in vivo</i> fluid biomarkers and neuropathological outcomes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). To extend the biomarker literature, associations between serial position scores and postmortem levels of brain phosphorylated tau (p-tau) were examined, in the context of Braak stage of neurofibrillary tangle progression.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 1091 community-dwelling adults (M_age = 80.2, 68.9% female) from the Rush University Religious Orders Study and Memory and Aging Project who were non-demented at enrollment and followed for a mean of 9.2 years until death. The CERAD Word List Memory test administered at baseline and within 1 year of death was used to calculate serial position (primacy, recency) and total recall scores. Proteomic analyses quantified p-tau 217 and 202 from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex samples. Linear regressions assessed associations between cognitive scores and p-tau with Braak stage as a moderator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cognitive status proximal to death indicated 34.7% were unimpaired, 26.2% met criteria for MCI, and 39.0% for dementia. Better baseline primacy recall, but not recency recall, was associated with lower p-tau 217 levels across Braak stages. Delayed recall showed a similar pattern as primacy. There was no main effect of immediate recall, but an interaction with Braak stages indicated a negative association with p-tau 217 level only in Braak V-VI. Within 1 year of death, there were no main effects for cognitive scores; however, recency, immediate and delayed recall scores interacted with Braak stage showing better recall was associated with lower p-tau 217 only in Braak V-VI. No associations were observed with p-tau 202.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Primacy recall measured in non-demented adults may be sensitive to emergent tau phosphorylation that occurs in the earliest stages of AD. Serial position scores may complement the routinely used delayed recall score and p-tau biomarkers to detect preclinical AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"770-785"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10787031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9835575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of diagnostic performance of word-list and story recall tests for biomarker-determined Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Davide Bruno, Ainara Jauregi Zinkunegi, Gwendlyn Kollmorgen, Margherita Carboni, Norbert Wild, Cynthia Carlsson, Barbara Bendlin, Ozioma Okonkwo, Nathaniel Chin, Bruce P Hermann, Sanjay Asthana, Kaj Blennow, Rebecca Langhough, Sterling C Johnson, Nunzio Pomara, Henrik Zetterberg, Kimberly D Mueller","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2240060","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2240060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wordlist and story recall tests are routinely employed in clinical practice for dementia diagnosis. In this study, our aim was to establish how well-standard clinical metrics compared to process scores derived from wordlist and story recall tests in predicting biomarker determined Alzheimer's disease, as defined by CSF ptau/Aβ42 ratio.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 295 participants (mean age = 65 ± 9.) were drawn from the University of Wisconsin - Madison Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) and Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (WRAP). Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT; wordlist) and Logical Memory Test (LMT; story) data were used. Bayesian linear regression analyses were carried out with CSF ptau/Aβ42 ratio as outcome. Sensitivity analyses were carried out with logistic regressions to assess diagnosticity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LMT generally outperformed AVLT. Notably, the best predictors were primacy ratio, a process score indexing loss of information learned early during test administration, and recency ratio, which tracks loss of recently learned information. Sensitivity analyses confirmed this conclusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study shows that story recall tests may be better than wordlist tests for detection of dementia, especially when employing process scores alongside conventional clinical scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"763-769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10859550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10332774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of core and process scores on the California Verbal Learning Test-3 for Parkinson's disease and essential tremor patients.","authors":"Karen Torres","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2241653","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2241653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) are two disorders known to lead to executive dysfunction, presumably through distinct pathways to the frontal lobes via the striatum or cerebellum, respectively. Memory functioning in PD and ET patients has been previously suggested to be adversely impacted by executive dysfunction. The aims of this exploratory study were to compare memory performance between and within groups on the California Verbal Learning Test - 3 (CVLT-3) through the analysis of core and process scores and to understand the relationship of these scores with measures of executive functioning.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Seventy PD and 54 ET patients completed comprehensive neuropsychological testing. Independent sample t-tests or Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare between group core and process scores on the CVLT-3. Within-subjects analyses were conducted via Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test due to nonparametric data. Spearman's correlations were conducted to explore the relationship between memory process scores and measures of executive functioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ET and PD samples were similar with regard to age, education, gender, and general cognitive functioning. PD patients made more repetition errors (<i>U</i> = 2391.50, <i>p</i> = .01) than ET patients and Normal Memory PD patients made more repetition errors than Low Memory PD patients (<i>U</i>= 711.00, <i>p</i>= .00). Correlational analyses revealed repetition errors were negatively associated with tests of inhibition, set shifting, and working memory (<i>r_s </i>= -.293, -.232). ET patients demonstrated a preference for a serial cluster learning strategy (<i>T</i> = 861.00, <i>p</i> = .005), similar to PD patients (<i>T</i>= 1633.00, <i>p</i> = <.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study revealed presence of higher repetition errors in the PD sample that was demonstrated to have a negative relationship with measures of executive functioning. Implications for investigating process (\"qualitative\") scores in memory performance to determine extent of executive involvement are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"798-812"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10242556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serial position effects and mild cognitive impairment: a comparison of measures and scoring approaches.","authors":"Daniel S Weitzner, Matthew Calamia","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2214298","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2023.2214298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Serial position effects (SPEs) have shown promise as predictors of future cognitive decline and conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD), even when accounting for total learning and memory scores. However, conflicting results have been found in the literature, which may be at least partially related to the many ways in which SPEs are calculated. The current study aimed to address the discrepancies in the literature by examining whether one method of analyzing SPEs is more sensitive at distinguishing those with and without psychometrically defined MCI.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>86 older adult participants (57 healthy comparison, 29 MCI) completed the California Verbal Learning Test, Third Edition (CVLT3) and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), along with measures assessing multiple cognitive domains. Each participant completed two visits, between 3 and 9 days apart, with a different memory measure administered on each day. The standard scoring approach and the regional scoring approach to calculating SPEs were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that, when significant differences were found, SPEs were always reduced in the MCI group compared to the healthy comparison group when using regional scoring; however, results were not as consistent when using standard scoring. Further, lower primacy than recency scores were only consistently seen in the MCI group when using the RAVLT but not the CVLT3. ROC analyses showed that only regional scoring of SPEs from delayed recall of the RAVLT and the CVLT3 accurately discriminated between those with and without MCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regional scoring of SPEs may be more sensitive at identifying subtle cognitive decline compared to standard scoring. However, the specific measure that is used to analyze SPEs can impact the interpretation of findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"813-824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9547783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}