Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating practice effects across learning trials - ceiling effects or something more?","authors":"Dustin B Hammers,Shreya Bothra,Angelina Polsinelli,Liana G Apostolova,Kevin Duff","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2400107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2024.2400107","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPractice effects (PE) are traditionally considered improvements in performance observed resulting from repeated exposure to test materials across multiple testing sessions. While PE are commonly observed for memory tests, this effect has only been considered in summary total scores. The current objective was to consider PE in summary total scores, individual learning trials, and learning slopes.METHODOne-week PE for individual trial and learning slope performance was examined on the BVMT-R and HVLT-R in 151 cognitively intact participants and 131 participants with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) aged 65 years and older.RESULTSOne-week PE were observed across all trials and summary total scores for both memory measures and diagnostic classifications, despite the potential for ceiling effects to limit improvement on retesting. PE were largest on the first trial relative to subsequent learning trials. This effect was diminished - but not eliminated - in participants with MCI. Conversely, no PE were observed for learning slope scores, which was counter to expectations and likely confounded by ceiling effects.CONCLUSIONSPE were present across learning trials but not learning slopes, and the initial learning trial at follow-up tended to benefit most from PE relative to subsequent learning trials. Ceiling effects appeared to influence PE for learning slopes more than learning trials. These results highlight the potential diagnostic utility of PE across individual learning trials and inform how they are distributed at follow-up, while also suggesting that learning slopes may be generally stable during longitudinal assessment.","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive deficits in ALS patients with SOD1 mutations.","authors":"Ivar Winroth,Arne Börjesson,Peter M Andersen,Thomas Karlsson","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2393366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2024.2393366","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVECognitive decline is common in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), especially in carriers of the mutation C9ORF72HRE. However, cognitive impairment is poorly understood in carriers of mutations in other genes causing ALS. We performed a comprehensive neuropsychological testing in patients with mutations in the SOD1 (mSOD1) gene.METHODSWe examined 5 cognitive domains in 48 symptomatic patients with either hereditary or sporadic ALS. These were compared with 37 matched controls.RESULTSCarriers of SOD1-mutations and sporadic ALS had circumscribed deficits, but in a pattern different from C9ORF72HRE. All groups had deficits in working memory, although mSOD1-carriers significantly outperform sporadic ALS and C9ORF72HRE in an attention-driven visuospatial task involving copying a complex figure. Carriers of the D90A-SOD1 mutation overall performed as well as or better than carriers of other SOD1-mutations, except complex working memory. Bayesian analyses suggest (with evidence of moderate strength) that tasks involving the language domain did not differ between controls, mSOD1 and sporadic ALS.CONCLUSIONDistinct cognitive impairments are prevalent in different ALS-syndromes and vary in patients with different pathogenic SOD1 mutations. The type and degree of impairment differed depending on genotype and was significantly least pronounced in patients homozygous for the D90A SOD1 mutation. The presence of cognitive deficits may influence optimal clinical management and intervention. We propose that cognitive assessment should be included in the routine examination of new patients suspected of ALS. Neuropsychological assessment is an under-recognized outcome parameter in clinical drug trials.","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The complex interplay between cognitive reserve, age of diagnosis and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease: a retrospective study.","authors":"Anat Marmor, Eli Vakil, Shlomzion Kahana Merhavi, Zeev Meiner","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2400109","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2400109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study examined the cognitive reserve (CR) theory at late stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective is to replicate previous studies and examine the complex role of education and family size as indicators of CR.</p><p><strong>Participants and methods: </strong>This is a retrospective study included 642 patients diagnosed with AD after age 65, categorized into low education (LE, ≤ 8 years, <i>n</i> = 141) and medium-high education (MHE, ≥ 9 years, <i>n</i> = 442) groups. Participants were followed up longitudinally using the Mini Mental State Examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher education in the MHE group, but not in the LE group, correlated with delayed diagnosis. In both groups, higher education correlated with accelerated cognitive decline. In the MHE group, country of origin was associated with cognitive decline, while in the LE group, it was linked to family size.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows that in patients with MHE but not in LE, higher education resulted in delayed diagnosis. Conversely, in cases of LE, this measure may not fully reflect CR and abilities. Additionally, higher education was associated with faster deterioration, a finding that has not been replicated often in the literature. The study illustrates the complex impact of CR proxies on age of diagnosis and cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142132862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posttraumatic stress symptoms in recovery from concussion.","authors":"Stephen C Bunt, Hannah Doggett, Kristin Wilmoth, Linda S Hynan, Ingrid Tamez, Nyaz Didehbani, Mathew Stokes, Shane M Miller, Kathleen R Bell, C Munro Cullum","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2395331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2024.2395331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous literature suggests that lingering concussion symptoms may be influenced by psychological factors. The relationship of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) during recovery with pre-existing/injury related factors and concussion symptomology is not fully understood. Identification of factors contributing to symptoms of posttraumatic stress may provide guidance to improve treatment following concussion.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study included 287 participants (Male 40.42%, <i>n</i> = 116; Female 59.58%, <i>n</i> = 171) aged 13-75 years diagnosed with a recent concussion at one of the North Texas Concussion Registry (ConTex) specialty concussion clinic sites. Preinjury emotional history, injury related factors, and emotional state at time of initial evaluation were analyzed as predictors of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PCL-5) during recovery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-one percent of participants endorsed at least one PTSS. Correlations were found between initial Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5^Ⓡ (SCAT5) total emotional symptom severity and screening measures for anxiety (GAD-7; <i>r</i> = .453, <i>p</i> < .001) and depression (PHQ-8; <i>r</i> = .550, <i>p</i> < .001) symptom scores. Of the measures from the initial visit included in the multiple regression model predicting severity of PTSS at follow-up (R² = 0.554, β < .001), three measures predicted PTSS severity: initial SCAT5 total emotional symptom severity (β = 0.565, <i>p</i> < .001), PHQ-8 score (β =.166, <i>p</i> = .009), and GAD-7 score (β = 0.119, <i>p</i> = .044).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Symptoms of anxiety and depression along with specific SCAT5 emotional symptoms present at the time of initial evaluation may serve to predict overall level of PTSS and increased risk for PTSS during recovery. PTSS may be another dimension of response to injury and concussion recovery, with a large percentage of individuals endorsing at least one PTSS. Clinicians can utilize brief assessments such as the SCAT5 at the time of initial clinical evaluation to identify those at risk for PTSS following concussion.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying conflict monitoring as a specific executive component that contributes to impaired self-awareness in patients with acquired brain injury.","authors":"Giorgia Ricchetti, Alba Navarro-Egido, María Rodríguez-Bailón, Daniel Salazar-Frías, Cristina Narganes-Pineda, Mª Jesús Funes","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2391363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2024.2391363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Impaired self-awareness (SA) after acquired brain injury (ABI) has traditionally been linked to deficits in executive functions. However, conflicting findings about this relationship have been reported in the literature. This inconsistency is probably due to the multicomponent nature of both constructs, as not all aspects of executive functions may be equally relevant to all components of self-awareness. This study explored whether offline SA (i.e. metacognitive knowledge) and online SA (i.e. error detection) relate to a less studied executive component, conflict monitoring/resolution.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty-six patients with ABI performed the Three-Conflict Cognitive Control Task (3CCT), an experimental task that allowed to measure the ability to monitor and solve three different types of conflicts (Distractors-filtering, Spatial Stroop and Simon). Measures of SA were collected: offline SA was based on self-informant discrepancy about patient's everyday functional difficulties, and online SA was based on error detection abilities during a performance-based naturalistic task (The Breakfast Conflict Task).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After controlling for global cognition, the conflict monitoring measure of 3CCT demonstarted incremental validity in predicting offline and online SA measured in naturalistic tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Conflict monitoring/resolution seems to be an important component of SA. This finding contributes to further understand the relationship between executive functions and SA. In addition, conflict monitoring/resolution is an executive component that should be considered when designing assessment and intervention strategies to deal with ISA.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Happy facial emotional congruence in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Pauline Gury, Maximilien Moulin, Raphaëlle Laroye, Marine Trachino, Marine Montazel, Pauline Narme, Nathalie Ehrlé","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2391362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2024.2391362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotion categorization has often been studied in the relapsing-remitting form of multiple sclerosis (RR-MS), suggesting an impairment in the recognition of emotions. The production of facial emotional expressions in RR-MS has not been considered, despite their importance in non-verbal communication.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty-five RR-MS patients and twenty-five matched controls completed a task of emotional categorization during which their faces were filmed. The stimuli were dynamic (sound or visual), expressed by adults (women or men), and expressing happy (laughing or smiling) or negative emotion. Two independent blinded raters quantified the happy facial expressions produced. The categorization task was used as a proxy for emotional categorization, while the happy facial expressions produced assessed the production of emotions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main analysis indicated impaired categorization of RR-MS for happy stimuli selectively, whereas their happy facial expressions were not statistically different from those of the control group. More specifically, this group effect was found for smiles (and not laughter) and for happy stimuli produced by men. Analysis of individual patient profiles suggested that 77% of patients with impaired judgments produced normal facial expressions, suggesting a high prevalence of this dissociation. Only 8% of our samples showed reverse dissociation, with happy facial expressions significantly different from those of the control group and normal emotional judgments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results corroborated the high prevalence of emotional categorization impairment in RR-MS but not for negative stimuli, which can probably be explained by the methodological specificities of the present work. The unusual impairment found for happy stimuli (for both emotional categorization and facial congruence) may be linked to the intensity of the perceived happy expressions but not to the emotional valence. Our results also indicated a mainly preserved production of facial emotions, which may be used in the future sociocognitive care of RR-MS patients with impaired emotional judgments.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel abbreviated version of the Luria neuropsychological diagnosis battery: reliability and convergent validity in Spanish older adults.","authors":"Patricia Alzola, Bárbara Buch-Vicente, Jaime Sazatornil, Verónica Puertas-Martín, Bernardino Fernández-Calvo, Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides, Laura Rueda-Revé, Francisco Ramos, Alberto Villarejo-Galende, Israel Contador","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2368586","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2368586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the test-retest and inter-rater reliability of the new Spanish abbreviated version of the Luria Neuropsychological Diagnosis (DNA-2) battery for older adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of thirty cognitively healthy volunteers were examined in this study. The participants completed a comprehensive standardized assessment, encompassing cognitive and functional performance. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to examine test-retest and inter-rater reliability. One month was allowed between administrations. Furthermore, correlations between Luria DNA-2 (total and domain subscores) and other classical cognitive measures were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The test-retest reliability on the overall Luria DNA-2 score was high (ICC= .834, 95% CI [.680, .917], <i>p</i> < .001). Furthermore, the inter-rater reliability for the total score demonstrated an excellent concordance between administrators (ICC= .990, 95% CI [.979, .995], <i>p</i> < .001). Positive and significant correlations were observed between Luria DNA-2 (both total and domain subscores) and the <i>Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination</i> (ACE-III; <i>ρ</i> = .857, <i>p</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study supports the adequate reliability of the Luria DNA-2, as an abbreviated neuropsychological battery, for assessing cognitive performance in Spaniards aged 55 years and older. Future studies should continue to explore the psychometric properties of the Luria DNA-2, particularly those related to its diagnostic validity for early detection of cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141440536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of phonemic verbal fluency in Portuguese patients with multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Márcia França, Cláudia Sousa, Patricia Campos, Mariana Rigueiro-Neves, Aristides Ferreira, Ana Margarida Passos, Maria José Sá","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2376295","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2376295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Executive dysfunction occurs in 15% to 20% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and verbal fluency tests are frequently used to assess this deficit. The Word List Generation (WLG) is one of the most used measures in MS. This study aims to compare the performance of WLG of MS patients and healthy controls and to analyze the influence of clinical and demographic factors on the performance of MS patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and nine MS patients and an age- and gender-matched group of 138 healthy controls were evaluated with WLG Portuguese version, as well as other tests from the <i>Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests</i> (BRBN-T), subtests from WAIS, a phonemic fluency test (M, R, and P), and measures of psychological symptomatology and cognitive fatigue. The MS group (70.6% females) was mainly diagnosed with RRMS (89.2%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MS group performed significantly lower than healthy controls on the WLG. In the MS group, this performance was significantly correlated with the level of education. Significant differences were found between the two groups regarding cognitive fatigue, with MS patients reporting higher levels than healthy controls. However, this variable was not related to the performance on the WLG for MS patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that MS is associated with large levels of cognitive decline on the phonemic verbal fluency tests. These results are consistent with other studies and highlight the importance of verbal fluency and cognitive speed measures in the neuropsychological assessment of MS. Deficits on this task seem to be highly related to the level of education of the patient rather than other demographic and clinical factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maladaptive personality traits in nursing home patients with psychopathology and cognitive disorders: cause or consequence of neuropsychiatric symptoms? A commentary on De Vries, Oudman & Postma (2024).","authors":"Roy P C Kessels, Yvonne C M Rensen, Sandra Boelen, Gwenny T L Janssen","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2382411","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2382411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141995775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychological and neuroanatomical underpinnings of the face pareidolia errors on the noise pareidolia test in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia due to Lewy bodies.","authors":"Ahmad Alsemari, Joseph J Boscarino","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2372876","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2024.2372876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Prior research on the Noise Pareidolia Test (NPT) has demonstrated its clinical utility in detecting patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia due to Lewy Body Disease (LBD). However, few studies to date have investigated the neuropsychological factors underlying pareidolia errors on the NPT across the clinical spectrum of LBD. Furthermore, to our knowledge, no research has examined the relationship between cortical thickness using MRI data and NPT subscores. As such, this study sought to explore the neuropsychological and neuroanatomical factors influencing performance on the NPT utilizing the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Lewy Body Dementia Module.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our sample included participants with normal cognition (NC; <i>n</i> = 56), LBD with mild cognitive impairment (LBD-MCI; <i>n</i> = 97), and LBD with dementia (LBD-Dementia; <i>n</i> = 94). Archival data from NACC were retrospectively analyzed for group differences in neuropsychological test scores and cognitive and psychiatric predictors of NPT scores. Clinicoradiological correlates between NPT subscores and a small subsample of the above LBD participants were also examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses revealed significant differences in NPT scores among groups. Regression analysis demonstrated that dementia severity, attention, and visuospatial processing contributed approximately 24% of NPT performance in LBD groups. Clinicoradiological analysis suggests a potential contribution of the right fusiform gyrus, but not the inferior occipital gyrus, to NPT pareidolia error scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the interplay of attention and visuoperceptual functions in complex pareidolia in LBD. Further investigation is needed to refine the utility of NPT scores in clinical settings, including identifying patients at risk for visual illusions and hallucinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}