British journal of psychology最新文献

Learning in the face of failure: The benefit of autistic traits. 面对失败学习：自闭特征的好处。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12786

Xiujun Li, Christopher M Conway, Shiyi Yin, Xueping Bai, Dezhen Xu

{"title":"Learning in the face of failure: The benefit of autistic traits.","authors":"Xiujun Li, Christopher M Conway, Shiyi Yin, Xueping Bai, Dezhen Xu","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12786","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explore how learning performance differs for non-diagnosed adults with high and low levels of autistic traits (ATs) for positive versus negative feedback delivered via social and nonsocial stimuli. College student participants were tested on their ability to learn novel words (i.e., Korean characters) in a simple memory experiment incorporating either positive or negative feedback. A 2 (positive feedback vs. negative feedback) × 2 (ATs: high vs. Low) between-subject design was adopted in both Experiments 1 and 2. Social feedback stimuli were used in Experiment 1 and nonsocial feedback stimuli were used in Experiment 2. The results revealed that individuals with both high and low levels of ATs showed learning for both types of feedback (success and failure) using social and nonsocial stimuli (Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). However, individuals with low levels of ATs learned less from failure than from success, whereas individuals with high levels of ATs showed equivalent learning for failure and success, for both social and nonsocial stimuli. These results suggest that for college students, a benefit of having high levels of ATs is increased resilience and an ability to continue to learn in the face of failure.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expressed emotion of caregivers to children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - VIA 11. 照顾者对精神分裂症或双相情感障碍家族性高风险儿童的表达情感：丹麦高风险和恢复力研究- VIA 11

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12788

Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd, Nicoline Hemager, Maja Gregersen, Julie Marie Brandt, Anne Søndergaard, Mette Falkenberg Krantz, Jessica Ohland, Carsten Hjorthøj, Lotte Veddum, Anna Krogh Andreassen, Christina Bruun Knudsen, Aja Greve, Ole Mors, Merete Nordentoft, Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup

{"title":"Expressed emotion of caregivers to children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - VIA 11.","authors":"Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd, Nicoline Hemager, Maja Gregersen, Julie Marie Brandt, Anne Søndergaard, Mette Falkenberg Krantz, Jessica Ohland, Carsten Hjorthøj, Lotte Veddum, Anna Krogh Andreassen, Christina Bruun Knudsen, Aja Greve, Ole Mors, Merete Nordentoft, Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12788","url":null,"abstract":"A high level of parental expressed emotion is thought to play an important role in the development and course of mental disorders in offspring. This study investigates expressed emotion among primary caregivers to 11-year-old children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and population-based controls, and whether potential differences in expressed emotion are related to child psychopathology. Expressed emotion was assessed with the Five-Minute Speech Sample and a total of 440 audio files from primary caregivers were collected. Child psychopathology was assessed with the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children. Primary caregivers from families with a parental diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder or bipolar disorder were classified as high on expressed emotion significantly more often than population-based controls. Between-group differences remained significant after adjusting for any current axis I child diagnosis indicating that high expressed emotion is not solely attributable to the presence of child psychopathology. These findings underline the importance of assessing the emotional climate in families with parental schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143787950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attraction in every sense: How looks, voice, movement and scent draw us to future lovers and friends. 全方位的吸引力：外表、声音、动作和气味如何吸引我们走向未来的恋人和朋友。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12787

Annett Schirmer, Marcel Franz, Lea Krismann, Vanessa Nöring, Marlen Große, Mehmet Mahmut, Ilona Croy

{"title":"Attraction in every sense: How looks, voice, movement and scent draw us to future lovers and friends.","authors":"Annett Schirmer, Marcel Franz, Lea Krismann, Vanessa Nöring, Marlen Große, Mehmet Mahmut, Ilona Croy","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12787","url":null,"abstract":"What makes someone attractive has been examined for faces, in terms of common preferences, and for opposite-sex interactions. We expanded on this by considering also other non-verbal modalities, personal preferences and same-sex interactions. We presented the face, body motion, voice and body odour from 61 non-verbal agents (34 women) as stimuli in an attractiveness rating to 71 perceivers (37 women). Our results showed that the modalities were differently attractive and that some correlated more than others. Specifically, body odours were least and audio-video stimuli most attractive. Voice/looks as well as body odour/movement showed fairly robust positive associations. Both common and personal preferences accounted for variance in the data. Most effects compared between opposite- and same-sex ratings, with only a few exceptions, including that only same-sex ratings showed a clear dominance of personal over common preferences. We conclude that the different non-verbal modalities are equally relevant for attraction but differ in absolute attractiveness and redundancy, likely due to their different suitability for communicating stable (e.g. genetic) versus variable (e.g. hormonal) person characteristics. Beauty excites agreement and disagreement; it matters not only in encounters with the other sex but in social interactions more broadly.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a theory of mind assessment for children using multidimensional Rasch modelling. 利用多维 Rasch 模型开发儿童思维理论评估。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12785

Shih-Chieh Lee, Cheng-Te Chen, I-Ning Fu, Meng-Ru Liu, Kuan-Lin Chen

{"title":"Development of a theory of mind assessment for children using multidimensional Rasch modelling.","authors":"Shih-Chieh Lee, Cheng-Te Chen, I-Ning Fu, Meng-Ru Liu, Kuan-Lin Chen","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12785","url":null,"abstract":"Existing theory of mind (ToM) measures for children meet challenges from three perspectives. Developmentally, they lack items covering the entire spectrum of ToM abilities, namely, the early, basic and advanced levels. Dimensionally, most measures are unidimensional, not distinguishing between cognitive and affective ToM. Practically, most measures rely heavily on verbal abilities or lack engaging formats. This study aimed to address these critical issues by developing a Theory of Mind Assessment (ToMA). The items were generated based on classical scenarios spanning all developmental levels. The responses from 574 neurotypical children aged 37 to 194 months were analysed using the multidimensional Rasch model. Ten items showed satisfactory model fits when classified into cognitive (4 items) and affective (6 items) domains, with 16 misfit items excluded. Two items seemed easier for girls and two for boys, and the item difficulties were adjusted. The mean Rasch person reliabilities were 0.78 and 0.81. The scores exhibited small and high correlations with subjective and objective criteria. The newly developed measure may offer reliable, valid and sex-unbiased assessments while satisfying developmental, multidimensional and practical requirements. It seems promising for application in clinical and research settings and is worthy of future refinement and validation to provide high-quality ToM assessment.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emotion ensemble judgement: Cognitive training for a positive perspective. 情绪集合判断：积极观点的认知训练。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12784

Hilary H T Ngai, Jingwen Jin

引用次数: 0

Deliberate memory display can enhance conveyed value. 刻意的记忆展示可以增强传达的价值。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12783

Andrei I Pintea, Devin G Ray

引用次数: 0

Close encounters: Interpersonal proximity amplifies social appraisals. 亲密接触：人际关系的接近放大了社会评价。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12781

Kristina Veranic, Andrew P Bayliss, Mintao Zhao, Ian D Stephen, Louise Ewing

{"title":"Close encounters: Interpersonal proximity amplifies social appraisals.","authors":"Kristina Veranic, Andrew P Bayliss, Mintao Zhao, Ian D Stephen, Louise Ewing","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12781","url":null,"abstract":"Social appraisals reflect the rapid integration of available perceptual information with broader contextual factors (e.g., intentions). While interpersonal distance affects both information availability and social context, how it changes trait impressions remains unknown. Over four experiments, we used a novel paradigm to address this question. In Experiment 1, we assessed participants' attributions of attractiveness, competence, dominance and trustworthiness of life size full body images of people when they appeared at near (1 m) and far (4 m) distances. Proximity amplified the relative magnitude of both positive and negative socio-evaluative impressions. However, this effect of proximity leading to more extreme positive or negative ratings was selectively weaker for aesthetic (attractiveness) judgements. In Experiment 2 (size) and Experiment 3 (spatial frequency), we held distance constant while manipulating visual cues relating to implied distance, revealing broadly similar results to Experiment 1. In Experiment 4, we used the interpersonal comfort distance paradigm to confirm that our life-sized projected images elicited similar comfort distance to interacting with a real person, helping to validate our general approach. These findings demonstrate the crucial role of interpersonal distance in impression judgements.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why moral judgements change across variations of trolley-like problems. 为什么道德判断会随着电车问题的变化而变化。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12782

Dale J Cohen, Philip T Quinlan

{"title":"Why moral judgements change across variations of trolley-like problems.","authors":"Dale J Cohen, Philip T Quinlan","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12782","url":null,"abstract":"In the standard 'trolley problem', respondents must decide whether to save a condemned group of individuals by sacrificing a safe bystander. Although respondents often are willing to sacrifice the bystander in some circumstances (e.g., by pulling a lever), they are loath to sacrifice the bystander in others (e.g., by pushing the bystander off a footbridge). This difference in responding has been explained via a Dual Process theory of moral judgements (DPT). DPT, however, is a classic boxes-and-arrows model that only makes directional predictions. Meehl (1967, Philosophy of Science, 34, 103) cautioned against theories that only make directional predictions, explaining that they are notoriously difficult to falsify. Meehl (1967, Philosophy of Science, 34, 103) argued that researchers should follow the lead of Physics and develop computational models that make functional and point predictions. Here, we use a value-based, computational cognitive model of decision-making (Psychological Value Theory) to predict precisely both the speed and kind of response in trolley-like problems in three experiments. We show that this model accounts for the changes in choices across variations of the trolley problem with a response bias parameter.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Working memory capacity and self-cues: Consistent benefits in children and adults. 工作记忆容量和自我暗示：对儿童和成人都有一致的好处。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12778

Zahra Ahmed, Janet F McLean, Kevin Allan, Sheila J Cunningham

{"title":"Working memory capacity and self-cues: Consistent benefits in children and adults.","authors":"Zahra Ahmed, Janet F McLean, Kevin Allan, Sheila J Cunningham","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12778","url":null,"abstract":"From attentional prioritization to enhanced memory, self-cues trigger a variety of effects within human cognition. Recent work suggests that self-reference may also enhance working memory, possibly via attentional prioritization. However, there is no direct evidence that self-cues enhance working memory capacity, or that such boosts covary with individuals' attentional function. Here, we provide the first direct evidence of enhanced working memory capacity for self-referential cues, independent of attentional processing. We adapted a verbal working memory complex span to create a 'Self' condition (featuring the participant's own name), 'Other' condition (featuring a non-self-name), and Control condition (with no name), in 7-9-year-old children (Exp.1, N = 71) and adults (Exp.2, N = 52). In both experiments, the Self condition elicited significantly higher spans than the other conditions (Exp 1: p < .001, ηp 2 = .32; Exp 2: p < .001, ηp 2 = .25), but this increase in capacity was unrelated to measures of attentional processing or backward digit span. Moreover, equivalent boosts were observed in children and adults, despite adults' significantly higher underlying capacity. We propose a chunking interpretation based on enhanced binding of self-associated items, directly benefiting individual's working memory capacity regardless of their current attentional competence or 'baseline' capacity.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The alone team: How an alone mindset affects group processes.

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12777

Liad Uziel, Martina Seemann

引用次数: 0