British journal of psychology最新文献_第2页

Attraction in every sense: How looks, voice, movement and scent draw us to future lovers and friends. 全方位的吸引力：外表、声音、动作和气味如何吸引我们走向未来的恋人和朋友。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12787

Annett Schirmer, Marcel Franz, Lea Krismann, Vanessa Nöring, Marlen Große, Mehmet Mahmut, Ilona Croy

{"title":"Attraction in every sense: How looks, voice, movement and scent draw us to future lovers and friends.","authors":"Annett Schirmer, Marcel Franz, Lea Krismann, Vanessa Nöring, Marlen Große, Mehmet Mahmut, Ilona Croy","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12787","url":null,"abstract":"What makes someone attractive has been examined for faces, in terms of common preferences, and for opposite-sex interactions. We expanded on this by considering also other non-verbal modalities, personal preferences and same-sex interactions. We presented the face, body motion, voice and body odour from 61 non-verbal agents (34 women) as stimuli in an attractiveness rating to 71 perceivers (37 women). Our results showed that the modalities were differently attractive and that some correlated more than others. Specifically, body odours were least and audio-video stimuli most attractive. Voice/looks as well as body odour/movement showed fairly robust positive associations. Both common and personal preferences accounted for variance in the data. Most effects compared between opposite- and same-sex ratings, with only a few exceptions, including that only same-sex ratings showed a clear dominance of personal over common preferences. We conclude that the different non-verbal modalities are equally relevant for attraction but differ in absolute attractiveness and redundancy, likely due to their different suitability for communicating stable (e.g. genetic) versus variable (e.g. hormonal) person characteristics. Beauty excites agreement and disagreement; it matters not only in encounters with the other sex but in social interactions more broadly.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a theory of mind assessment for children using multidimensional Rasch modelling. 利用多维 Rasch 模型开发儿童思维理论评估。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12785

Shih-Chieh Lee, Cheng-Te Chen, I-Ning Fu, Meng-Ru Liu, Kuan-Lin Chen

{"title":"Development of a theory of mind assessment for children using multidimensional Rasch modelling.","authors":"Shih-Chieh Lee, Cheng-Te Chen, I-Ning Fu, Meng-Ru Liu, Kuan-Lin Chen","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12785","url":null,"abstract":"Existing theory of mind (ToM) measures for children meet challenges from three perspectives. Developmentally, they lack items covering the entire spectrum of ToM abilities, namely, the early, basic and advanced levels. Dimensionally, most measures are unidimensional, not distinguishing between cognitive and affective ToM. Practically, most measures rely heavily on verbal abilities or lack engaging formats. This study aimed to address these critical issues by developing a Theory of Mind Assessment (ToMA). The items were generated based on classical scenarios spanning all developmental levels. The responses from 574 neurotypical children aged 37 to 194 months were analysed using the multidimensional Rasch model. Ten items showed satisfactory model fits when classified into cognitive (4 items) and affective (6 items) domains, with 16 misfit items excluded. Two items seemed easier for girls and two for boys, and the item difficulties were adjusted. The mean Rasch person reliabilities were 0.78 and 0.81. The scores exhibited small and high correlations with subjective and objective criteria. The newly developed measure may offer reliable, valid and sex-unbiased assessments while satisfying developmental, multidimensional and practical requirements. It seems promising for application in clinical and research settings and is worthy of future refinement and validation to provide high-quality ToM assessment.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emotion ensemble judgement: Cognitive training for a positive perspective. 情绪集合判断：积极观点的认知训练。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12784

Hilary H T Ngai, Jingwen Jin

引用次数: 0

Deliberate memory display can enhance conveyed value. 刻意的记忆展示可以增强传达的价值。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12783

Andrei I Pintea, Devin G Ray

引用次数: 0

Close encounters: Interpersonal proximity amplifies social appraisals. 亲密接触：人际关系的接近放大了社会评价。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12781

Kristina Veranic, Andrew P Bayliss, Mintao Zhao, Ian D Stephen, Louise Ewing

{"title":"Close encounters: Interpersonal proximity amplifies social appraisals.","authors":"Kristina Veranic, Andrew P Bayliss, Mintao Zhao, Ian D Stephen, Louise Ewing","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12781","url":null,"abstract":"Social appraisals reflect the rapid integration of available perceptual information with broader contextual factors (e.g., intentions). While interpersonal distance affects both information availability and social context, how it changes trait impressions remains unknown. Over four experiments, we used a novel paradigm to address this question. In Experiment 1, we assessed participants' attributions of attractiveness, competence, dominance and trustworthiness of life size full body images of people when they appeared at near (1 m) and far (4 m) distances. Proximity amplified the relative magnitude of both positive and negative socio-evaluative impressions. However, this effect of proximity leading to more extreme positive or negative ratings was selectively weaker for aesthetic (attractiveness) judgements. In Experiment 2 (size) and Experiment 3 (spatial frequency), we held distance constant while manipulating visual cues relating to implied distance, revealing broadly similar results to Experiment 1. In Experiment 4, we used the interpersonal comfort distance paradigm to confirm that our life-sized projected images elicited similar comfort distance to interacting with a real person, helping to validate our general approach. These findings demonstrate the crucial role of interpersonal distance in impression judgements.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why moral judgements change across variations of trolley-like problems. 为什么道德判断会随着电车问题的变化而变化。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12782

Dale J Cohen, Philip T Quinlan

{"title":"Why moral judgements change across variations of trolley-like problems.","authors":"Dale J Cohen, Philip T Quinlan","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12782","url":null,"abstract":"In the standard 'trolley problem', respondents must decide whether to save a condemned group of individuals by sacrificing a safe bystander. Although respondents often are willing to sacrifice the bystander in some circumstances (e.g., by pulling a lever), they are loath to sacrifice the bystander in others (e.g., by pushing the bystander off a footbridge). This difference in responding has been explained via a Dual Process theory of moral judgements (DPT). DPT, however, is a classic boxes-and-arrows model that only makes directional predictions. Meehl (1967, Philosophy of Science, 34, 103) cautioned against theories that only make directional predictions, explaining that they are notoriously difficult to falsify. Meehl (1967, Philosophy of Science, 34, 103) argued that researchers should follow the lead of Physics and develop computational models that make functional and point predictions. Here, we use a value-based, computational cognitive model of decision-making (Psychological Value Theory) to predict precisely both the speed and kind of response in trolley-like problems in three experiments. We show that this model accounts for the changes in choices across variations of the trolley problem with a response bias parameter.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Working memory capacity and self-cues: Consistent benefits in children and adults. 工作记忆容量和自我暗示：对儿童和成人都有一致的好处。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12778

Zahra Ahmed, Janet F McLean, Kevin Allan, Sheila J Cunningham

{"title":"Working memory capacity and self-cues: Consistent benefits in children and adults.","authors":"Zahra Ahmed, Janet F McLean, Kevin Allan, Sheila J Cunningham","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12778","url":null,"abstract":"From attentional prioritization to enhanced memory, self-cues trigger a variety of effects within human cognition. Recent work suggests that self-reference may also enhance working memory, possibly via attentional prioritization. However, there is no direct evidence that self-cues enhance working memory capacity, or that such boosts covary with individuals' attentional function. Here, we provide the first direct evidence of enhanced working memory capacity for self-referential cues, independent of attentional processing. We adapted a verbal working memory complex span to create a 'Self' condition (featuring the participant's own name), 'Other' condition (featuring a non-self-name), and Control condition (with no name), in 7-9-year-old children (Exp.1, N = 71) and adults (Exp.2, N = 52). In both experiments, the Self condition elicited significantly higher spans than the other conditions (Exp 1: p < .001, ηp 2 = .32; Exp 2: p < .001, ηp 2 = .25), but this increase in capacity was unrelated to measures of attentional processing or backward digit span. Moreover, equivalent boosts were observed in children and adults, despite adults' significantly higher underlying capacity. We propose a chunking interpretation based on enhanced binding of self-associated items, directly benefiting individual's working memory capacity regardless of their current attentional competence or 'baseline' capacity.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The alone team: How an alone mindset affects group processes. 孤独的团队：孤独的心态如何影响团队进程。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12777

Liad Uziel, Martina Seemann

引用次数: 0

Keep bright in the dark: Multimodal emotional effects on donation-based crowdfunding performance and their empathic mechanisms. 在黑暗中保持光明：基于捐赠的众筹绩效及其共情机制的多模态情感影响。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12774

Rui Guo, Guolong Wang, Ding Wu, Zhen Wu

{"title":"Keep bright in the dark: Multimodal emotional effects on donation-based crowdfunding performance and their empathic mechanisms.","authors":"Rui Guo, Guolong Wang, Ding Wu, Zhen Wu","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12774","url":null,"abstract":"How to raise donations effectively, especially in the E-era, has puzzled fundraisers and scientists across various disciplines. Our research focuses on donation-based crowdfunding projects and investigates how the emotional valence expressed verbally (in textual descriptions) and visually (in facial images) in project descriptions affects project performance. Study 1 uses field data (N = 3817), grabs project information and descriptions from a top donation-based crowdfunding platform, computes visual and verbal emotional valence using a deep-learning-based affective computing method and analyses how multimodal emotional valence influences donation outcomes. Study 2 conducts experiments in GPT-4 (Study 2a, N = 400) and humans (Study 2b, N = 240), manipulates the project's visual and verbal emotional valence through AI-generated stimuli and then assesses donation decisions (both GPT-4 and humans) and corresponding state empathy (humans). The results indicate a multimodal positivity superiority effect: both visual and verbal emotional valence promote initial whether-to-donate decisions, whereas only verbal emotional valence further promotes the how-much-to-donate decisions. Notably, such multimodal emotional effects can be explained through different mediating paths of empathic concern and empathic hopefulness. The current study theoretically facilitates our understanding of the emotional motivations underlying human prosociality and provides insights into crafting impactful advertisements for online donations.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictors of online and offline activism in hybrid regime society - Serbian study. 混合政权社会中线上与线下行动主义的预测因子-塞尔维亚研究。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12772

Ivana Pedović, Marija Pejičić, Stefan Đorić

{"title":"Predictors of online and offline activism in hybrid regime society - Serbian study.","authors":"Ivana Pedović, Marija Pejičić, Stefan Đorić","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12772","url":null,"abstract":"In Serbia, categorized as a hybrid or semi-authoritarian system by Freedom House, exploring activism is crucial. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted to examine predictors of online and offline civic activism in a society favouring punitive measures and limiting open dialogue. The first study involved 1107 participants (65.1% female, 33.2% male and 1.6% in other categories; Mage = 28.15 years), while the second included 2306 individuals (67.5% female, 30.2% male and 2.3% in other categories; Mage = 28.1 years). We modelled the relationship between predictor variables and a dependent variable at different quantiles of the distribution (25th, 50th, 75th and quantile marked with theoretical middle points of online and activism scales) using quantile regression. Results highlighted perceived policy control, social generativity and conscientiousness as key predictors across different levels of both online and offline activism. Personality traits like extroversion, neuroticism and honesty have different effects on online versus offline activism, suggesting different motivations. Additionally, future-oriented people participate more offline. The quantile regression, analysing coefficients at different points in the distribution, offered valuable insights into manifestations of activism. These findings are discussed highlighting the complex dynamic of different factors in shaping civic engagement in Serbia's challenging sociopolitical landscape.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143032295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0