{"title":"Suppressing food-related memories via think/no-think: Effective retrieval inhibition across weight status","authors":"Xinmeng Yang, Lulu Chen, JingJing Li, Xiao Gao","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70064","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inhibitory control plays a critical role in regulating eating behaviour. While previous research focused primarily on motor inhibition (e.g. go/no-go tasks), the role of memory suppression remains underexplored. This study employed a food-specific think/no-think (TNT) paradigm to investigate two questions: (1) whether individuals can intentionally suppress food-related memories, and whether suppression performance is associated with body mass index (BMI); and (2) whether memory suppression reduces subjective food valuation. Sixty-one young female participants completed a TNT task and subsequently rated food items for liking and wanting. Results showed that recall accuracy for suppressed (No-think) items was significantly lower than for both retrieved (Think) and Baseline items, indicating suppression-induced forgetting. However, food-related memory suppression performance was not associated with BMI. Moreover, memory suppression did not significantly alter subjective ratings of liking or wanting. These findings suggest that food-related memories can be deliberately suppressed regardless of BMI, but such suppression may not influence food valuation directly. Further studies are needed to determine whether such memory suppression has any downstream impact on eating behaviour and to identify mechanisms beyond mere changes in valuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"117 4","pages":"1295-1307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147289244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammadali Amini-Tehrani, Michael Weinborn, Kenneth Sim, Jeneva L. Ohan, Kristin Naragon-Gainey
{"title":"Shame as a mediator of the association of childhood emotional abuse with aversive cognitive perseveration in adults","authors":"Mohammadali Amini-Tehrani, Michael Weinborn, Kenneth Sim, Jeneva L. Ohan, Kristin Naragon-Gainey","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70077","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Childhood emotional abuse (CEA) has been linked to response-focused emotion regulation in adulthood. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. This pre-registered study examined whether shame mediates the association between CEA history and aversive cognitive perseveration (ACP), including brooding rumination, experiential avoidance and emotional non-acceptance, in adulthood. Ninety-three undergraduates (66.6% female; age: 21.62 [7.63]) completed self-report measures of maltreatment history, trait shame and trait ACP and underwent a piloted shame induction task using a within-subject design. The assessment involved baseline and post-induction reactive-state shame and negative affect, subsequent use of reactive-state ACP and engagement strategies, followed by childhood maltreatment and trait measures. Two sets of state and trait mediation models were tested using Bayesian estimation, adjusting for reactive-state negative affect, reactive-state engagement strategies and the sum of physical abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect histories. The models primarily supported the association of shame with ACP across state and trait models. CEA history was associated with reactive-state and trait ACP through the indirect effect of trait (but not reactive-state) shame. A post-hoc moderation analysis suggested reduced post-induction shame and ACP use for moderate-to-severe CEA history, which was tentatively attributed to the involvement of aberrant stress reactivity associated with higher CEA history.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"117 4","pages":"1526-1550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.70077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine Knauft, Alexandra T. Tyra, Thomas A. Fergus, Sarah E. Williams, Annie T. Ginty
{"title":"Expressive suppression strengthens coherence between arousal intensity and arousal interpretation","authors":"Katherine Knauft, Alexandra T. Tyra, Thomas A. Fergus, Sarah E. Williams, Annie T. Ginty","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70062","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Interpretations of physiological arousal may be a key pathway connecting stress-related physiological arousal intensity to physiological and affective consequences of stress. Expressive suppression is linked to increased perceptions of stressors as threatening, which may exacerbate associations between physiological arousal intensity and interpretations of physiological arousal as debilitative. However, the effect of expressive suppression on the association between perceptions of physiological arousal intensity and interpretation remains untested. A sample of 224 undergraduate students completed two psychological acute stress tasks and rated the intensity of their perceived physiological arousal and whether they believed this physiological arousal to be facilitative or debilitative. Before the second stress task, half of the participants were randomly assigned to be instructed to engage in expressive suppression during the task; the remaining participants were instructed to not suppress their emotional expressions. Experimental group assignment moderated associations between physiological arousal intensity and interpretation. In the suppression group, within-person increases in physiological arousal intensity were more strongly associated with more debilitative physiological interpretations. The present study suggests that engaging in expressive suppression during stress causes increases in the intensity of perceived physiological arousal to be interpreted as more debilitating, with implications for stress-related anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"117 4","pages":"1263-1278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146112386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafael Román-Caballero, Laura Trujillo, Paulina del Carmen Martín-Sánchez, Elisa Martín-Arévalo, Juan Lupiáñez
{"title":"Attention and vigilance advantages related to formal musical training across childhood, adolescence and young adulthood","authors":"Rafael Román-Caballero, Laura Trujillo, Paulina del Carmen Martín-Sánchez, Elisa Martín-Arévalo, Juan Lupiáñez","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70068","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Attention and vigilance are fundamental cognitive abilities that develop throughout childhood and adolescence and have been associated with cognitively demanding activities such as formal musical training. This cross-sectional study examined whether individuals engaged in long-term musical training show superior attention and vigilance compared with matched controls without such training. Participants (<i>N</i> = 268; ages 8–34 years) were drawn from two samples of children, adolescents and adults, with musicians and nonmusicians matched on a wide array of demographic and lifestyle variables using multivariate propensity-score matching. Attentional performance was assessed using the ANTI-Vea, a validated computerized task that measures two components of vigilance – executive and arousal vigilance. Moreover, we applied advanced behavioural modelling given their sensitivity to the complex developmental trajectories in vigilance. For many indices, musically trained participants outperformed nonmusicians at all ages, with overall faster responses, fewer attentional lapses, detecting more vigilance targets and lower variability in arousal vigilance trials. Other group differences became more pronounced with age, indicating a possible dosage effect. Crucially, these findings remained after extensive control for confounders. Although the advantages associated with musical training were modest and the correlational study design, they are consistent with the hypothesis that music practice may foster domain-general cognitive skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"117 4","pages":"1345-1366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.70068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147509687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zuzanna Molenda, Marta Marchlewska, Piotr Michalski, Marta Rogoza, Paulina Bagrowska, Dominika Adamczyk, Maciej Grzeszczuk, Łukasz Gawęda, Grzegorz Pochwatko, Adam Karakula
{"title":"Habitus of doubt? The role of social class narcissism in shaping psychological help conspiracy beliefs","authors":"Zuzanna Molenda, Marta Marchlewska, Piotr Michalski, Marta Rogoza, Paulina Bagrowska, Dominika Adamczyk, Maciej Grzeszczuk, Łukasz Gawęda, Grzegorz Pochwatko, Adam Karakula","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70071","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Collective narcissism is known to fuel anti-scientific attitudes. However, its role in shaping conspiracy beliefs portraying those who use psychology to help others as manipulative or controlling remains largely unexplored. We argue that social class narcissism (i.e., exaggerated belief in the superiority of one's social group, along with sensitivity to criticism and hostility towards other groups) would foster psychological help conspiracy beliefs. Across three cross-sectional studies (<i>N</i> = 1863) among Polish and American participants, social class narcissism correlated with stronger psychological help conspiracy beliefs. In an experimental Study 2 (<i>N</i> = 1371), primed social class narcissism increased such beliefs. The last two studies further showed that social class narcissism was linked to negative attitudes towards psychological help via higher psychological help conspiracy beliefs (Studies 3–4) and lower mental health literacy (Study 4). Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating social identities into interventions targeting anti-scientific attitudes in psychology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"117 4","pages":"1411-1431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147670532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Manipulating posture implicitly through environmental constraints influences mood and risk-taking behaviour","authors":"Soren Wainio-Theberge, Jorge Armony","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adopting physical expressions of emotion has feedback effects on individuals' mood and behaviour; for example, adopting the expansive and contractive body language of dominance and submission can affect individuals' feelings of power. However, postural feedback paradigms almost exclusively use deliberate, active posture manipulations, which raise concerns about experimental demand effects and limit the ecological validity of the research. Here, we addressed this issue by creating an incidental manipulation of posture in which the experimental environment encouraged participants to take on either an expansive or contractive posture, and measured the effect of our manipulation on self-report and behavioural outcomes. We find that our manipulation reliably increases risk-taking behaviours (as measured by the balloon analogue risk task), an effect which is robust to confounding variables such as discomfort with the posture or awareness of the manipulation. Furthermore, posture effects on self-reported pride are partially mediated by a measure of participants' posture during the experiment (the angle of their neck), while risk-taking effects are moderated by posture and self-reported mood during the experiment. Our results suggest that aside from deliberate ‘power posing’, incidental factors which affect posture in the real world (e.g., standing desks or ergonomic setups) may have impacts on individuals' behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"117 4","pages":"1618-1630"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcos Ross-Adelman, Fridtjof Petersen, George Aalbers, Bertus F Jeronimus, Peter de Jonge, Femke Lamers, Brenda W J H Penninx
{"title":"Variance profiles of affective and cognitive processes in daily life: Differences between people, across days, and within days.","authors":"Marcos Ross-Adelman, Fridtjof Petersen, George Aalbers, Bertus F Jeronimus, Peter de Jonge, Femke Lamers, Brenda W J H Penninx","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.70114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) of psychological constructs enables examination of between-person differences and within-person fluctuations across timescales: across days and within days. Research has mostly focused on between/within-person levels and on affect dynamics, leaving potential within-person timescale distinctions and self-reported cognitive processes understudied. We applied multilevel variance decomposition to EMA items from the HowNutsAreTheDutch study (30 days; three daily beeps/assessments; N = 1299; t = 60,189; 84% female; mean age = 39; range = 16-86), partitioning their variance into: between-person, within-person/across days, within-person/within-day (structured by the beeps), and residual/unexplained within-person/within-day variance. We analysed positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), and self-reported cognitive processes across three domains: evaluative, perseverative, and concentration. Cognitive items showed higher average between-person variance than NA and PA (61.8%, 53.1%, 34.5%, respectively). Within-person/across days variance was moderate (7%-15.9%), while structured within-person/within-day variance was minimal (0.3%-2.8%). Residual variance was largest for PA, then NA, and smallest for cognition (averages of 47%, 33.4%, 26.9%, respectively). Total within-person variance (across days, within day, and residual) was comparable to between-person variance for most items, and exceeded it for PA, suggesting that psychological variables contain both state and trait components to varying degrees. Overall, results revealed heterogeneous variance profiles, which are dependent on construct type, level of observation, and timescale.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pom Charras, Renato Ponce, Juan Lupiáñez, Mariagrazia Capizzi
{"title":"Space-time interference in magnitude judgements revealed by drift-diffusion modelling.","authors":"Pom Charras, Renato Ponce, Juan Lupiáñez, Mariagrazia Capizzi","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Space and time are strongly interrelated in human cognition: spatial extent can bias temporal judgements, whereas duration can influence perceived spatial extent. However, the mechanisms underlying these reciprocal effects remain debated. We investigated these interactions using psychophysical measures, individual difference analyses and drift-diffusion model (DDM). Participants completed temporal and spatial bisection tasks in separate blocks, judging either the duration or the distance between two successively flashed dots while the irrelevant dimension varied orthogonally. This parametric design enabled the assessment of space-on-time (Kappa) and time-on-space (Tau) effects within the same individuals. Spatial judgements were more precise than temporal judgements, but both tasks showed robust, graded cross-dimensional interference. DDM analyses revealed that relevant and irrelevant magnitudes both modulated the drift rate, indicating that task-irrelevant information influenced evidence accumulation. Individual precision, indexed by the Weber Ratio, predicted drift rate slopes for the relevant dimension but was not systematically associated with susceptibility to interference. Conversely, perceptual bias was closely related to the modulation of the drift rate by irrelevant magnitudes. These findings show that reciprocal space-time interference can be characterized by combining psychophysics and diffusion modelling and suggest that it reflects perceptual, decisional and contextual influences.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thinking and looking produce distinct patterns of gaze aversion during a structured social interaction.","authors":"Manlu Liu, Veronica Dudarev, James T Enns","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systematic differences in eye gaze patterns emerge when attention is directed externally versus internally in non-social contexts. Here we asked whether these differences also apply to structured social interactions. Gaze aversion during conversations may occur because conversation partners are referencing an object in their environment (an externally directed looking gaze) or because they are thinking and wish to reduce visual information from the other person's face (an internally directed thinking gaze). We measured eye movements in 28 participants while prompting these two types of gaze aversion. Compared to looking gaze aversion, thinking gaze aversion involved scanning a larger spatial area with shorter and fewer fixations. In addition, head and eye movements were more strongly coupled during looking than during thinking gaze aversion, and participants exhibited consistent individual variation in the direction of thinking gaze aversion. These findings shed light on how individuals manage social attention and suggest that observable social cues are available for others to infer interlocutors' intentions during conversations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alberto Stefana, Fiorino Mirabella, Antonella Gigantesco, Gemma Calamandrei, Laura Camoni
{"title":"Psychometric properties of the EPDS-3A across pregnancy and postpartum: Factor structure and invariance in a nationwide sample.","authors":"Alberto Stefana, Fiorino Mirabella, Antonella Gigantesco, Gemma Calamandrei, Laura Camoni","doi":"10.1111/bjop.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the three anxiety-related items of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS-3A) are widely used to flag anxiety-related distress, their psychometric performance across perinatal phases remains insufficiently established. We evaluated factor structure, measurement invariance, differential item functioning (DIF), score precision and convergence with Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) thresholds in a nationwide Italian sample of 10,100 individuals (4,410 pregnant; 5,690 postpartum). Participants completed the EPDS and GAD-7. Analyses included exploratory graph analysis, tau-equivalent ordered-categorical confirmatory factor analysis, multi-group invariance testing, DIF analysis, graded-response item response theory and receiver-operating characteristic curves. The three anxiety-related items formed a distinct community, with stronger clustering postpartum. Tau-equivalent one-factor fit was stronger postpartum and modest during pregnancy; scalar invariance was supported. DIF was negligible, and item response theory analyses indicated ordered thresholds and meaningful item discrimination. The EPDS-3A showed moderate convergence with GAD-7 generalized anxiety symptom thresholds. A score of 5 was the Youden-selected EPDS-3A threshold for distinguishing participants above versus below moderate or severe GAD-7 thresholds in both phases. The EPDS-3A yields a brief, psychometrically coherent anxiety-related score across pregnancy and postpartum, but convergence with worry-related GAD-7 symptoms does not establish diagnostic or broad perinatal anxiety screening accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}