British journal of psychology最新文献_第4页

Explainability increases trust resilience in intelligent agents. 可解释性增强了智能代理的信任弹性。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12740

Min Xu, Yiwen Wang

{"title":"Explainability increases trust resilience in intelligent agents.","authors":"Min Xu, Yiwen Wang","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12740","url":null,"abstract":"Even though artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems typically outperform human decision-makers, they are not immune to errors, leading users to lose trust in them and be less likely to use them again-a phenomenon known as algorithm aversion. The purpose of the present research was to investigate whether explainable AI (XAI) could function as a viable strategy to counter algorithm aversion. We conducted two experiments to examine how XAI influences users' willingness to continue using AI-based systems when these systems exhibit errors. The results showed that, following the observation of algorithms erring, the inclination of users to delegate decisions to or follow advice from intelligent agents significantly decreased compared to the period before the errors were revealed. However, the explainability effectively mitigated this decline, with users in the XAI condition being more likely to continue utilizing intelligent agents for subsequent tasks after seeing algorithms erring than those in the non-XAI condition. We further found that the explainability could reduce users' decision regret, and the decrease in decision regret mediated the relationship between the explainability and re-use behaviour. These findings underscore the adaptive function of XAI in alleviating negative user experiences and maintaining user trust in the context of imperfect AI.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new way to conceptualize intolerance of uncertainty among adolescents: Embracing the network perspective 青少年不容忍不确定性的新概念：采用网络视角。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12736

Haoxian Ye, Xinyu Shi, Yunyi Li, Yike Huang, Ruiyan You, Xiangting Zhang, Zhijun Yu, Huolian Li, Fang Fan

{"title":"A new way to conceptualize intolerance of uncertainty among adolescents: Embracing the network perspective","authors":"Haoxian Ye, Xinyu Shi, Yunyi Li, Yike Huang, Ruiyan You, Xiangting Zhang, Zhijun Yu, Huolian Li, Fang Fan","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12736","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12736","url":null,"abstract":"Intolerance of uncertainty (IU), a pivotal transdiagnostic risk factor in psychopathology, is defined as a dispositional incapacity to withstand uncertainty distress, driving maladaptive cognitive, emotional and behavioural reactions to uncertainty. However, the intricate interplay among these components, particularly in adolescents, remains underexplored; yet understanding this interplay is crucial for supporting mental health. To address this gap, we employed a network approach to conceptualize IU in 5672 non-clinical Chinese adolescents (Mage = 14.13 years, SDage = 1.96 years, range = 10–19 years, 46.6% boys), combining graphical Gaussian models (GGM) and directed acyclic graphs (DAG). Our analyses revealed a tripartite network comprising cognitive, behavioural and emotional components. Notably, ‘frustration’ and ‘work with hindrance’ emerged as key drivers, while ‘catastrophizing belief’ served as a critical bridge linking different components. These findings underscore the importance of alleviating uncertainty-induced frustration and enhancing coping skills for behavioural impediments to mitigate adolescent IU. Additionally, therapeutic interventions should prioritize modifying and re-evaluating catastrophizing beliefs related to uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"116 1","pages":"89-107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Orthographic character complexity modulates dynamic neural activity in skilled handwriting 正字法字符复杂性会调节熟练手写的动态神经活动。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12742

Leisi Pei, Werner Sommer, Guang Ouyang

{"title":"Orthographic character complexity modulates dynamic neural activity in skilled handwriting","authors":"Leisi Pei, Werner Sommer, Guang Ouyang","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12742","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12742","url":null,"abstract":"Handwriting is an outstanding case of a highly complex and efficient fine motor skill. However, little is known about its neural underpinnings during continuous handwriting production. In the present study, we examined the effects of orthographic character complexity (i.e. the stroke number of a Chinese character) on both neural and behavioural activities during an EEG-based naturalistic fluent sentence-handwriting task from 102 adult Chinese native speakers. For each written character, the interval between finishing the preceding character and its onset (inter-character interval) as well as the amplitudes of the onset-synchronized event-related potential (ERP) in pre- and post-onset time windows was defined as dependent variables. The effects of character complexity and other confounding factors were analysed with linear mixed models. Character complexity increased the inter-character interval and significantly affected ERP amplitudes in both pre- and post-onset time windows. The ERP pattern in the pre-event time window exhibited a dipole-like activation in the left motor cortex, and its amplitude increased with character complexity in line with the documented relationship between the lateralized readiness potential and motor complexity. This study demonstrates the feasibility of studying neurocognitive processes in complex naturalistic motor tasks and extends our knowledge about the dynamic pattern of handwriting-related neural activities.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"116 1","pages":"149-169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142379122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Listen to yourself! Prioritization of self-associated and own voice cues 倾听自己的声音优先考虑自我关联和自己的声音提示。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12741

Neil W. Kirk, Sheila J. Cunningham

{"title":"Listen to yourself! Prioritization of self-associated and own voice cues","authors":"Neil W. Kirk, Sheila J. Cunningham","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12741","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12741","url":null,"abstract":"Self-cues such as one's own name or face attract attention, reflecting a bias for stimuli connected to self to be prioritized in cognition. Recent evidence suggests that even external voices can elicit this self-prioritization effect; in a voice-label matching task, external voices assigned to the Self-identity label ‘you’ elicited faster responses than those assigned to ‘friend’ or ‘stranger’ (Payne et al., Br. J. Psychology, 112, 585-610). However, it is not clear whether external voices assigned to Self are prioritized over participants' own voices. We explore this issue in two experiments. In Exp 1 (N = 35), a voice-label matching task comprising three external voices confirmed that reaction time and accuracy are improved when an external voice cue is assigned to Self rather than Friend or Stranger. In Exp 2 (N = 90), one of the voice cues was replaced with a recording of the participant's own voice. Reaction time and accuracy showed a consistent advantage for the participant's own-voice, even when it was assigned to the ‘friend’ or ‘stranger’ identity. These findings show that external voices can elicit self-prioritization effects if associated with Self, but they are not prioritized above individuals' own voices. This has implications for external voice production technology, suggesting own-voice imitation may be beneficial.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"116 1","pages":"131-148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Facial basis of stereotypes: Judgements of warmth and competence based on cross-group typicality/distinctiveness of faces 刻板印象的面部基础：基于面孔的跨群体典型性/独特性对温暖和能力的判断。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12738

S. Adil Saribay, Šimon Pokorný, Petr Tureček, Karel Kleisner

{"title":"Facial basis of stereotypes: Judgements of warmth and competence based on cross-group typicality/distinctiveness of faces","authors":"S. Adil Saribay, Šimon Pokorný, Petr Tureček, Karel Kleisner","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12738","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12738","url":null,"abstract":"Human migration is an increasingly common phenomenon and migrants are at risk of disadvantageous treatment. We reasoned that migrants may receive differential treatment by locals based on the closeness of their facial features to the host average. Residents of Türkiye, the country with the largest number of refugees currently, served as participants. Because many of these refugees are of Arabic origin, we created target facial stimuli varying along the axis connecting Turkish and Arabic morphological prototypes (excluding skin colour) computed using geometric morphometrics and available databases. Participants made judgements of two universal dimensions of social perception–warmth and competence–on these faces. We predicted that participants judging faces manipulated towards the Turkish average would provide higher warmth and competence ratings compared to judging the same faces manipulated towards the Arabic average. Bayesian statistical tools were employed to estimate parameter values in multilevel models with intercorrelated varying effects. The findings did not support the prediction and revealed raters (as well as target faces) to be an important source of variation in social judgements. In the absence of simple cues (e.g. skin colour, group labels), the effect of facial morphology on social judgements may be much more complex than previously assumed.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"116 1","pages":"269-286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who tends to be a perfectionistic adolescent? Distinguishing perfectionism from excellencism and investigating the links with the Big Five and self-esteem 哪些青少年倾向于完美主义？区分完美主义与优秀主义，研究完美主义与五大特征和自尊之间的联系。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12739

Kristina Bien, Jenny Wagner, Naemi D. Brandt

{"title":"Who tends to be a perfectionistic adolescent? Distinguishing perfectionism from excellencism and investigating the links with the Big Five and self-esteem","authors":"Kristina Bien, Jenny Wagner, Naemi D. Brandt","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12739","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12739","url":null,"abstract":"Striving towards perfection is an important concept of study, given its heterogenous associations with both positive and negative outcomes. To address this matter, recent work has emphasized the need to differentiate between striving towards perfection (perfectionism) and excellence (excellencism). However, the applicability of this differentiation in adolescence remains largely unexplored, despite this life phase being particularly sensitive for the development of perfectionism. To better understand striving towards perfection in adolescence, we examined the psychometric properties of the German Scale of Perfectionism and Excellencism (SCOPE) and evaluated the nomological net with the Big Five and self-esteem in 788 German adolescents (Mage = 15.49 years; 50% female). The results underscored the distinctiveness of the different strivings in adolescents but pointed to mixed evidence regarding convergent and discriminant validities. Notably, striving towards perfection was related to lower levels of openness and self-esteem but higher levels of neuroticism, whereas striving towards excellence was related to higher levels of every trait except neuroticism. Finally, most results remained consistent across genders and school types. We discuss how the differentiation between perfectionism and excellencism deepens our understanding of adolescents' perfectionistic strivings and how it might inform future research across different psychological fields.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"116 1","pages":"108-130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generative neural networks for experimental manipulation: Examining dominance-trustworthiness face impressions with data-efficient models. 用于实验操作的生成神经网络：用数据高效模型检验支配力-可信度面部印象。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12732

Adam Sobieszek, Maciej Siemiątkowski, Kamil K Imbir

{"title":"Generative neural networks for experimental manipulation: Examining dominance-trustworthiness face impressions with data-efficient models.","authors":"Adam Sobieszek, Maciej Siemiątkowski, Kamil K Imbir","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bjop.12732","url":null,"abstract":"An important development in the study of face impressions was the introduction of dominance and trustworthiness as the primary and potentially orthogonal traits judged from faces. We test competing predictions of recent accounts that address evidence against the independence of these judgements. To this end we develop a version of recent 'deep models of face impressions' better suited for data-efficient experimental manipulation. In Study 1 (N = 128) we build impression models using 15 times less ratings per dimension than previously assumed necessary. In Study 2 (N = 234) we show how our method can precisely manipulate dominance and trustworthiness impressions of face photographs and observe how the effects' pattern of the cues of one trait on impressions of the other differs from previous accounts. We propose an altered account that stresses how a successful execution of the two judgements' functional roles requires impressions of trustworthiness and dominance to be based on cues of both traits. Finally we show our manipulation resulted in larger effect sizes using a broader array of features than previous methods. Our approach lets researchers manipulate face stimuli for various face perception studies and investigate new dimensions with minimal data collection.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differential diagnosis of autism, attachment disorders, complex post-traumatic stress disorder and emotionally unstable personality disorder: A Delphi study 自闭症、依恋障碍、复杂创伤后应激障碍和情绪不稳定型人格障碍的鉴别诊断：德尔菲研究

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12731

Rachel Sarr, Debbie Spain, Alice M. G. Quinton, Francesca Happé, Chris R. Brewin, Jonathan Radcliffe, Sally Jowett, Sarah Miles, Rafael A. González, Idit Albert, Alix Scholwin, Marguerite Stirling, Sarah Markham, Sally Strange, Freya Rumball

{"title":"Differential diagnosis of autism, attachment disorders, complex post-traumatic stress disorder and emotionally unstable personality disorder: A Delphi study","authors":"Rachel Sarr, Debbie Spain, Alice M. G. Quinton, Francesca Happé, Chris R. Brewin, Jonathan Radcliffe, Sally Jowett, Sarah Miles, Rafael A. González, Idit Albert, Alix Scholwin, Marguerite Stirling, Sarah Markham, Sally Strange, Freya Rumball","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12731","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12731","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals diagnosed with autism, attachment disorders, emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD) or complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) can present with similar features. This renders differential and accurate diagnosis of these conditions difficult, leading to diagnostic overshadowing and misdiagnosis. The purpose of this study was to explore professionals' perspectives on the differential diagnosis of autism, attachment disorders and CPTSD in young people; and of autism, CPTSD and EUPD in adults. A co-produced three-round Delphi study gathered information through a series of questionnaires from 106 international professionals with expertise in assessing and/or diagnosing at least one of these conditions. To provide specialist guidance and data triangulation, working groups of experts by experience, clinicians and researchers were consulted. Delphi statements were considered to have reached consensus if at least 80% of participants were in agreement. Two hundred and seventy-five Delphi statements reached consensus. Overlapping and differentiating features, methods of assessment, difficulties encountered during differential diagnosis and suggestions for improvements were identified. The findings highlight current practices for differential diagnosis of autism, attachment disorders, CPTSD and EUPD in young people and adults. Areas for future research, clinical and service provision implications, were also identified.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"116 1","pages":"1-33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12731","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Introducing the British Psychological Society journal's landmark special issue on the United Nation's Sustainability Goals. 社论：介绍英国心理学会期刊关于联合国可持续发展目标的标志性特刊。

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12737

Katherine Berry

引用次数: 0

Exploring the spatial interference effects elicited by social and non-social targets: A conditional accuracy function approach 探索社交目标和非社交目标引发的空间干扰效应：条件准确度函数法

IF 3.2 2区心理学

British journal of psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12735

Renato Ponce, Juan Lupiáñez, Carlos González-García, Maria Casagrande, Andrea Marotta

{"title":"Exploring the spatial interference effects elicited by social and non-social targets: A conditional accuracy function approach","authors":"Renato Ponce, Juan Lupiáñez, Carlos González-García, Maria Casagrande, Andrea Marotta","doi":"10.1111/bjop.12735","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bjop.12735","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies employing the spatial interference paradigm reveal qualitative differences in congruency effects between gaze and arrow targets. Typically, arrows produce a standard congruency effect (SCE), with faster responses when target direction aligns with its location. Conversely, gaze targets often lead to a reversed congruency effect (RCE), where responses are slower in similar conditions. We explored this dissociation using the Conditional Accuracy Function (CAF) to assess accuracy across reaction time bins. Using a hierarchical linear mixed modelling approach to compare cropped eyes, and full faces as social stimuli, and arrows as non-social stimuli, we synthesized findings from 11 studies, which led to three distinct models. The results showed that with non-social targets, incongruent trials exhibited lower accuracy rates in the first bin than in subsequent bins, while congruent trials maintained stable accuracy throughout the distribution. Conversely, social targets revealed a dissociation within the fastest responses; alongside a general reduction in accuracy for both congruency conditions, congruent trials resulted in even lower accuracy rates than incongruent ones. These results suggest with gaze targets that additional information, perhaps social, in addition to the automatic capture by the irrelevant target location, is being processed during the earlier stages of processing.","PeriodicalId":9300,"journal":{"name":"British journal of psychology","volume":"116 1","pages":"69-88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bjop.12735","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0