Qiuyang Lin, Jiawei Xu, Shuang Song, Arjan Breeschoten, M. Konijnenburg, Mingyi Chen, C. Hoof, F. Tavernier, N. V. Helleputte
{"title":"A 196μW, Reconfigurable Light-to-Digital Converter with 119dB Dynamic Range, for Wearable PPG/NIRS Sensors","authors":"Qiuyang Lin, Jiawei Xu, Shuang Song, Arjan Breeschoten, M. Konijnenburg, Mingyi Chen, C. Hoof, F. Tavernier, N. V. Helleputte","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778004","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a low power, reconfigurable, high dynamic range (DR), light-to-digital converter (LDC) for wearable PPG/NIRS recording. The LDC converts light into the time domain with a dual-slope mode integrator, followed by a counter-based time-to-digital converter. This architecture merges the functionalities of a conventional transimpedance amplifier and ADC, while quantization in time domain significantly improves the DR. The inherent low pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of LDC also reduces the LED power. Furthermore, the DR of the LDC can be easily reconfigured by re-programming the counting step size or the PRF of the LEDs, allowing optimal power consumption for different DR scenarios. The IC achieves a maximum DR of 119dB while only consuming $196 mu mathrm {W}($ including 2X LEDs). The IC is validated with PPG and NIRS tests, using photodiodes (PDs) and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) respectively.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"240 1","pages":"C58-C59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77415285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 56Gb/s PAM-4 Receiver with Voltage Pre-Shift CTLE and 10-Tap DFE of Tap-1 Speculation in 7nm FinFET","authors":"Wei-Chih Chen, Shu-Chun Yang, Yu-Nan Shih, Wen-Hung Huang, Chien-Chun Tsai, K. Hsieh","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8777992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8777992","url":null,"abstract":"A 56Gb/s PAM-4 wireline receiver testchip is demonstrated in 7nm FinFET. The equalization is achieved with four stages continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE) and half-rate 10-tap decision feedback equalizer (DFE) with first tap speculative. Proposed voltage pre-shift scheme uses a programmable offset added on top of the differential data signal to alleviate front end nonlinearity. The receiver achieves BER $lt 1 mathrm { E } - 8$ at optimal timing pre-FEC and 0.2UI at 1E-6 BER over 25dB insertion loss at 14GHz. The test-chip consumes 450mW under 1.0V/1.2V power supplies, giving a FoM of 0.321pJ/bit/dB. The active area is 0.352mm2.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"9 1","pages":"C272-C273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78929946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 52-Gb/s Sub-1pJ/bit PAM4 Receiver in 40-nm CMOS for Low-Power Interconnects","authors":"Can Wang, Guang Zhu, Zhao Zhang, C. Yue","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778159","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a source-synchronous PAM4 receiver that adopts quarter-rate topology to achieve good bit efficiency and a voltage-controlled delay line (VCDL) in the reference path of a phase-locked loop (PLL) to recover clock and data. With linear quarter-rate samplers, the equalized input signal by two-stage continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) is further equalized by 1tap feed forward equalizer (FFE) embedded in the sampler, and then processed by the following power-efficient dynamic latch and CMOS logics. With the VCDL adjusted by a bang-bang phase detector (BBPD) and a charge pump (CP), the output clocks of the four-stage ring oscillator (RO) based PLL have equal phase spacing and track the input data accordingly. The 40-nm CMOS receiver IC achieves error-free operation at 52 Gb/s with a superior bit efficiency of 0.92 pJ/b while compensating for 7.3-dB channel loss at 13 GHz.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"62 1","pages":"C274-C275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79491753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Fujii, R. Ichihara, T. Konno, M. Yamaguchi, Harumi Seki, Hiroki Tanaka, Dandan Zhao, Y. Yoshimura, M. Saitoh, M. Koyama
{"title":"Ag Ionic Memory Cell Technology for Terabit-Scale High-DensityApplication","authors":"S. Fujii, R. Ichihara, T. Konno, M. Yamaguchi, Harumi Seki, Hiroki Tanaka, Dandan Zhao, Y. Yoshimura, M. Saitoh, M. Koyama","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778071","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrated a cross-point memory array composed of 40nm Ag ionic memory cell with sub- μ A and selectorless operation and 10-year data retention, making it a promising candidate for terabit-scale high-density memory application. Discontinuous conductive path with large and dense Ag clusters enabled 10-year retention even at sub- μ A current with keeping high non-linearity in I-V. We implemented, for the first time, the improved cell into a 40nm cross-point array and demonstrated narrow read distribution which satisfies requirements for reliable array operation.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"145 7 1","pages":"T188-T189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83080688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 1.32 TOPS/W Energy Efficient Deep Neural Network Learning Processor with Direct Feedback Alignment based Heterogeneous Core Architecture","authors":"Donghyeon Han, Jinsu Lee, Jinmook Lee, H. Yoo","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778006","url":null,"abstract":"An energy efficient deep neural network (DNN) learning processor is proposed using direct feedback alignment (DFA). The proposed processor achieves $2.2 times$ faster learning speed compared with the previous learning processors by the pipelined DFA (PDFA). In order to enhance the energy efficiency by 38.7%, the heterogeneous learning core (LC) architecture is optimized with the 11-stage pipeline data-path. Furthermore, direct error propagation core (DEPC) utilizes random number generators (RNG) to remove external memory access (EMA) caused by error propagation (EP) and improve the energy efficiency by 19.9%. The proposed PDFA based learning processor is evaluated on the object tracking (OT) application, and as a result, it shows 34.4 frames-per-second (FPS) throughput with 1.32 TOPS/W energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"19 1","pages":"C304-C305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85117760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kwanseo Park, Kwangho Lee, Sung-Yong Cho, Jinhyung Lee, Jeongho Hwang, Min-Seong Choo, D. Jeong
{"title":"A 4-to-20Gb/s 1.87pJ/b Referenceless Digital CDR With Unlimited Frequency Detection Capability in 65nm CMOS","authors":"Kwanseo Park, Kwangho Lee, Sung-Yong Cho, Jinhyung Lee, Jeongho Hwang, Min-Seong Choo, D. Jeong","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778157","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a referenceless digital clock and data recovery (CDR) with an unlimited frequency detection capability that is extended from a multi-phase oversampling scheme. The CDR achieves a capture range from 4Gb/s to 20Gb/s, which is limited only by the operating frequency of the oscillator. Frequency acquisition is possible at any initial frequency and the worst-case acquisition time is $25 mu mathrm{s}$ with a PRBS31 pattern. The CDR fabricated in 65nm CMOS consumes 37.3mW at 20Gb/s and occupies 0.045mm2.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"83 1","pages":"C194-C195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83790217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rovinski, Chun Zhao, Khalid Al-Hawaj, Paul Gao, Shaolin Xie, Christopher Torng, S. Davidson, Aporva Amarnath, Luis Vega, Bandhav Veluri, Anuj Rao, T. Ajayi, Julian Puscar, Steve Dai, Ritchie Zhao, D. Richmond, Zhiru Zhang, I. Galton, C. Batten, M. Taylor, R. Dreslinski
{"title":"A 1.4 GHz 695 Giga Risc-V Inst/s 496-Core Manycore Processor With Mesh On-Chip Network and an All-Digital Synthesized PLL in 16nm CMOS","authors":"A. Rovinski, Chun Zhao, Khalid Al-Hawaj, Paul Gao, Shaolin Xie, Christopher Torng, S. Davidson, Aporva Amarnath, Luis Vega, Bandhav Veluri, Anuj Rao, T. Ajayi, Julian Puscar, Steve Dai, Ritchie Zhao, D. Richmond, Zhiru Zhang, I. Galton, C. Batten, M. Taylor, R. Dreslinski","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778031","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a 16nm 496-core RISC-V network-on-chip (NoC). The mesh achieves 1.4GHz at 0.98V, yielding a peak of 695 Giga RISC-V instructions/s (GRVIS) and a record 812,350 CoreMark benchmark score. The main feature is the NoC architecture, which uses only 1881μm2 per router node, enables highly scalable and dense compute, and provides up to 361 Tb/s of aggregate bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"113 1","pages":"C30-C31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88072763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Injun Park, W. Jo, Chanmin Park, Byungchoul Park, Jimin Cheon, Youngcheol Chae
{"title":"A 640×640 Fully Dynamic CMOS Image Sensor for Always-On Object Recognition","authors":"Injun Park, W. Jo, Chanmin Park, Byungchoul Park, Jimin Cheon, Youngcheol Chae","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778169","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a $640times 640$ fully dynamic CMOS image sensor for always-on object recognition. A pixel output is sampled with a dynamic source follower (SF) into a parasitic column capacitor, which is readout by a dynamic single-slope (SS) ADC based on a dynamic bias comparator and an energy-efficient two-step counter. The sensor, implemented in a 0.11μm CMOS, achieves 0.3% peak non-linearity, 6.8$e_{rms}^{-}$ RN and 67dB DR. Its power consumption is only 2.1mW at 44fps and is further reduced to 260μW at 15fps with sub-sampled 320 × 320 mode. This work achieves the state-of-the-art energy-efficiency FoM of 0.7$e^{-}cdot$ nJ.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"40 1","pages":"C214-C215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83581601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 31 pW-to-113 nW Hybrid BJT and CMOS Voltage Reference with 3.6% ±3σ-inaccuracy from 0○C to 170 ○C for Low-Power High-Temperature IoT Systems","authors":"Inhee Lee, D. Blaauw","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778113","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a low-power voltage reference generating 736 mV from 0 ○C to 170 ○C for low-power high-temperature IoT sensing systems. Using subthreshold current, a BJT diode develops a process-insensitive complementary-to-absolute-temperature voltage, and stacked CMOS transistors compensate the temperature sensitive by adding a proportional-to-absolute-temperature voltage. To maintain a reference voltage at high temperature, the circuit is designed considering pwell-to-deep nwell diode leakage. 76 samples from 3 different wafers, fabricated in a 180 nm process, show a ±3σ inaccuracy of 3.6% from 0 ○C to 170 ○C without any trimming. It consumes 31 pW at 27 ○C and 113 nW at 170 ○C from 0.9 V supply.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"3 1","pages":"C142-C143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88635156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yeseul Jeon, Chongsoo Jung, Song-I Cheon, Hyungjoo Cho, Ji-Hoon Suh, Hyuntak Jeon, Seok-Tae Koh, M. Je
{"title":"A 100Mb/s Galvanically-Coupled Body-Channel-Communication Transceiver with 4.75pJ/b TX and 26.8 pJ/b RX for Bionic Arms","authors":"Yeseul Jeon, Chongsoo Jung, Song-I Cheon, Hyungjoo Cho, Ji-Hoon Suh, Hyuntak Jeon, Seok-Tae Koh, M. Je","doi":"10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/VLSIC.2019.8778040","url":null,"abstract":"A galvanically-coupled body-channel communication (GCBCC) transceiver (TRX) is proposed for bionic arms, offering robust communication and human-body safety. The GC-BCC mitigates the influence from the environmental changes and disturbances. A simple termination at the RX input widens the channel bandwidth (BW), enabling 100Mb/s communication. The implantable TX guarantees the user’s safety by employing a current-regulating channel driver, a charge-balancing scheme, and a biphasic waveform generated by bipolar RZ (BRZ) encoding. The TRX IC fabricated in 0.18 mm CMOS, achieves a low bit-error rate (BER) of 10-9 with excellent TX and RX energy efficiencies of 4.75pJ/b and 26.8pJ/b, respectively.","PeriodicalId":6707,"journal":{"name":"2019 Symposium on VLSI Circuits","volume":"76 2 1","pages":"C292-C293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83682274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}