Yibo Qiao;Yanning Chen;Fang Liu;Zhouzhouzhou Mei;Yuening Luo;Yining Chen;Yiyi Liao;Bo Wu;Yongfeng Deng
{"title":"RA-UNet: A New Deep Learning Segmentation Method for Semiconductor Wafer Defect Analysis on Fine-Grained Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Images","authors":"Yibo Qiao;Yanning Chen;Fang Liu;Zhouzhouzhou Mei;Yuening Luo;Yining Chen;Yiyi Liao;Bo Wu;Yongfeng Deng","doi":"10.1109/TSM.2025.3546296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2025.3546296","url":null,"abstract":"In the rapidly evolving field of semiconductor manufacturing, the escalating complexity of integrated circuits poses significant challenges in identifying and analyzing defects, crucial for maintaining high wafer yield. Traditional approaches are hindered by the intricate nature of defect morphology and the scarcity of high-quality scanning electron microscope (SEM) data, essential for effective algorithm training. In this study, we propose RA-UNet for fine-grained SEM defect segmentation. RA-UNet adopts a U-shaped architecture that leverages residual networks for defect feature extraction, and introduces a residual architecture and a novel attention module to enhance the network’s focus on defects. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed model, we meticulously gathered and labeled a real SEM data set from a semiconductor manufacturing factory. The results demonstrate that RA-UNet outperforms existing methods in semiconductor defect segmentation, achieving an Intersection over Union (IoU) score of 71.92%. These findings highlight its potential as an effective tool for semiconductor defect analysis.","PeriodicalId":451,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","volume":"38 2","pages":"185-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Case Study on Sputtered Chromium Sacrificial Layer for Ti2O3 Microstructure Fabrication","authors":"Angel Regalado-Contreras;Wencel de la Cruz","doi":"10.1109/TSM.2025.3546217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2025.3546217","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Ti2O3 microstructures were successfully fabricated using chromium (Cr) thin films as a sacrificial layer. The process is straightforward and can be monitored using an optical microscope. Atomic Force Microscopy confirmed the structures, with the Ti2O3 thin film thickness determined to be 26 nm. In situ High-resolution X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy was performed, confirming the synthesis of Ti2O3 thin films by reactive laser ablation and revealing spontaneous surface oxidation, resulting in a complex surface structure: TiO2 on top, TiO as an intermediate interface, and bulk Ti2O3 beneath. The high chemical selectivity of Cr sacrificial layers ensured successful microfabrication without damaging the Ti2O3. These findings highlight the importance of surface phenomena in Ti2O3 for micro-electronic device fabrication.","PeriodicalId":451,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","volume":"38 2","pages":"356-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Call for Nominations for Editor-in-Chief: IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TSM.2025.3540179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2025.3540179","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":451,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","volume":"38 1","pages":"111-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10903517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Call for Papers for a Special Issue of IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices on \"Wide Band Gap Semiconductors for Automotive Applications\"","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TSM.2025.3534591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2025.3534591","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":451,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","volume":"38 1","pages":"106-107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10903515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Call for Papers for Journal of Lightwave Technology: Special Issue on OFS-29","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TSM.2025.3534595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2025.3534595","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":451,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","volume":"38 1","pages":"110-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10903546","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Call for Papers for a Special Issue of IEEE Transactions on Materials for Electron Devices: \"Exploration of the Exciting World of Multifunctional Oxide-Based Electronic Devices: From Material to System-Level Applications\"","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TSM.2025.3534593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2025.3534593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":451,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","volume":"38 1","pages":"108-109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10903522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TSM.2025.3534606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2025.3534606","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":451,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","volume":"38 1","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10903151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Warpage Prediction Model for Trench Field-Plate Power MOSFET in 300mm-Diameter Process","authors":"Hiroaki Kato;Bozhou Cai;Jiuyang Yuan;Shin-Ichi Nishizawa;Wataru Saito","doi":"10.1109/TSM.2025.3543133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2025.3543133","url":null,"abstract":"A wafer warpage prediction model for trench field-plate MOSFETs on large diameter wafers is proposed. Trench field-plate MOSFETs have deeper trenches and thicker oxides compared to conventional power MOSFETs, and the stress imbalance between the front and back of the wafer must be controlled to suppress wafer warpage in the mass-production process. Therefore, predicting wafer warpage throughout the process is a key technology from the viewpoint of process integration, and its importance is increasing with the use of large-diameter wafers. In this study, as a main process module in trench field-plate power MOSFET process, the processes of trench formation, oxidation, polysilicon deposition, and annealing were examined. The wafer warpage and Raman shift were analyzed by comparing the experiment results with simulations in a 300 mm diameter process. Based on the measured wafer warpage, anisotropic deformation of the poly silicon after annealing was suggested, and a new model considering this anisotropic deformation was developed to predict the through-process for 300 mm wafers.","PeriodicalId":451,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","volume":"38 2","pages":"263-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Throughput and Quality Optimized Down-Selection of Overlay Measurement Markers for Robust Control of the Maximum Overlay Error in a Pattern Layer in Photolithography Processes","authors":"Noah Graff;Dragan Djurdjanovic","doi":"10.1109/TSM.2025.3543453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSM.2025.3543453","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a metaheuristic optimization-based approach for selecting a pre-determined number of measurement markers from the set of available markers that optimizes the performance of the recently introduced robust <inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm { L}}^{infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> norm overlay control algorithm, which robustly minimizes the worst overlay error across a given pattern layer. This optimization is then used in a Design of Experiments (DOE) setting to build a tractable regression model of a customizable objective function encompassing cost effects of quality losses and throughput benefits resulting from the down-selection of markers selected for robust overlay control. Using this model, one can rapidly determine the optimal proportion of markers for any set of cost parameters, and the optimal subset forming this proportion of available markers can be down-selected to maximize performance of the resulting robust overlay controller. Overlay data and models from a semiconductor manufacturing fab were used to evaluate the newly proposed inspection and control strategy. Results clearly indicate that the novel strategic down-selection of measurement markers coupled with robust overlay control could lead to vastly improved throughputs without decreasing quality relative to what can be achieved using traditional Run-to-Run (R2R) control. Feasibility of the novel DOE-based optimization was demonstrated for two scenarios of cost-effect parameters.","PeriodicalId":451,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing","volume":"38 2","pages":"251-262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}