Materials Today Bio最新文献

{"title":"Sericin coats of silk fibres, a degumming waste or future material?","authors":"Yunong Yuan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Nasri ,&nbsp;Azadeh Manayi ,&nbsp;Junying Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunyong Wu ,&nbsp;Tae-Joon Jeon ,&nbsp;Lifeng Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silk is a fibrous biopolymer with a recorded history in the textile industries for centuries. This fibre is constituted of two different proteins: fibroin and sericin, of which the latter accounting for approximately 20–30 % of the silk mass. Silk sericin (SSER) was previously considered as a waste by-product in silk fibroin extraction. SSER has recently garnered significant scientific interest due to its extensive biological and pharmacological properties. These include antioxidant effects, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, controlled biodegradability, and the ability to induce cell proliferation. This review covers studies about various aspects of this emerging material, namely, its general morphology, specific structure, molecular weight, features of different layers, and gene sequences. The impact of different extraction methods and the application of extracted SSER based on molecular weight are discussed. Additionally, the characteristic functional groups in the amino acids of sericin facilitate its applications in regenerative medicine, wound healing, drug delivery, textile, environment, and energy, in various forms like hydrogels, films, scaffolds, and conduits. SSER-based materials offer great potentials for multi-functional applications in the upcoming decades, showcasing adaptability for various functional uses and promising future technological advancements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101306"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procyanidin capsules provide a new option for long-term ROS scavenging in chronic inflammatory diseases","authors":"Linxiao Sun ,&nbsp;Shaoyin Wei ,&nbsp;Chenglong Wang ,&nbsp;Yipiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xingjie Zan ,&nbsp;Lianxin Li ,&nbsp;Chunwu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic inflammatory diseases such as diabetic wounds and osteoarthritis are significant threats to human health. Failure to scavenge longstanding excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an important cause of chronic inflammatory diseases, yet existing treatments that provide long-lasting therapeutic effects are limited. Here, procyanidin capsules were synthesized in a simple one-step way using calcium carbonate as a template. The biosafety of procyanidin capsules <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> was monitored by cytotoxicity and pathological sections. The therapeutic effect of procyanidin capsules in diabetic wounds and osteoarthritis was accessed by pathological evaluation combined with the quantification of inflammatory markers. The data showed that procyanidin capsules could long-term scavenge excessive ROS and effectively promote articular cartilage repair in osteoarthritis, accelerating diabetic wound healing. Lastly, transcriptome analysis suggested that procyanidin capsules commonly regulated adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in diabetic wounds and osteoarthritis. This study provides a straightforward protocol for creating procyanidin capsules, while presenting a promising new therapeutic option for long-term scavenging ROS in chronic inflammatory diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101310"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradable exosome-engineered hydrogels for the prevention of peritoneal adhesions via anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation","authors":"Weitong Wang ,&nbsp;Yuchen Ren ,&nbsp;Qingyu Yu ,&nbsp;Lijie Jiang ,&nbsp;Chaojie Yu ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Yue ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Jiajun Lu ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Che ,&nbsp;Junjie Li ,&nbsp;Hong Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peritoneal adhesions (PA) are a common and severe complication after abdominal surgery, impacting millions of patients worldwide. The use of anti-adhesion materials as physical barriers is an effective strategy to prevent postoperative adhesions. However, the local inflammatory microenvironment exerts a significant impact on the efficacy of anti-adhesion therapies. In this study, an injectable hydrogel based on oxidized dextran/carboxymethyl chitosan (DCC) is designed and prepared. Furthermore, the DCC hydrogel is specifically engineered to load the adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs)-derived exosomes (Exos) for the treatment of PA. The prepared DCC hydrogel can act as the physical barrier via covering the irregular wound surface effectively. Moreover, it shows controlled degradation property, enabling the regulated release of Exos. The DCC hydrogel loaded Exos (DCC/Exo) system has high antioxidant capacity, and can effectively modulate the inflammatory microenvironments and diminish apoptosis. Notably, it promotes a polarization shift towards the M2-like phenotype in macrophages. The RNA-seq analysis confirms that the DCC/Exo system exhibits significant anti-inflammatory properties and promotes a reduction in collagen deposition. Consequently, the DCC/Exo system can inhibit peritoneal adhesions significantly in a mouse cecum-abdominal wall injury model. These results demonstrate the DCC/Exo is an ideal material for preventing postoperative adhesions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101312"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in arthropod-inspired bionic materials for wound healing","authors":"Yuchen Li ,&nbsp;Jiaming Cui ,&nbsp;Di Xiao ,&nbsp;Bixuan Cao ,&nbsp;Jing Wei ,&nbsp;Qian Wang ,&nbsp;Junwei Zong ,&nbsp;Jinwu Wang ,&nbsp;Mingzhi Song","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arthropods contain lots of valuable bionic information from the composition to the special structure of the body. In particular, the rapid self-healing ability and antibacterial properties are amazing. Biomimetic materials for arthropods have been helpful methods for wound management. Here, we have identified four major dimensions needed to create biomimetic materials for arthropods, including ingredient, behavior, structure and internal reaction. According to different dimensions, we classify and introduce the reported arthropod biomimetic materials. Antibacterial, hemostatic and healing promotion are the main functions of the active compositions of arthropods developed by humans, and most of them play a drug effect. We believe that an ideal biomimetic material of arthropod should have the effect on promoting wound healing through the advantages of structure and composition. The special macroscopic and microscopic structure of the epidermis may provide good mechanical support for biomimetic materials. The drug release regularity in the bionic materials can be referred to the aggressive and secretory behavior of arthropods. The synthesis of substances in arthropods is also noteworthy, and we can learn these special reactions to complete the fast preparation of materials. Arthropod-inspired bionic materials have broad innovation and application prospects in the field of wound repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101307"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adhesive lipophilic gels delivering rapamycin prevent oral leukoplakia from malignant transformation","authors":"Yuqi Du ,&nbsp;Tiannan Liu ,&nbsp;Tingting Ding ,&nbsp;Xin Zeng ,&nbsp;Qianming Chen ,&nbsp;Hang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is the most emblematic oral potentially malignant disorder that may precede the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and has an overall malignant transformation rate of 9.8 %. Early intervention is crucial to reduce the malignant transformation rate from OLK to OSCC but the lack of effective local pharmaceutical preparations poses a challenge to clinical management. Rapamycin is speculated to prevent OLK from carcinogenesis and its inherent lipophilicity facilitates its penetration into stratum corneum. Nevertheless, hydrophilic hydrogels frequently encounter challenges when attempting to deliver lipophilic drugs. Furthermore, the oral cavity presents a complex environment defined by oral motor functions, saliva secretion cycles, dynamic fluctuations, and protective barriers comprising mucus and lipid layers. Consequently, addressing issues of muco-penetration and muco-adhesion is imperative for developing an effective drug delivery system aiming at delivering rapamycin to target oral potentially malignant disorders.</div><div>Here, a dual-function hydrogel drug delivery system integrating adhesion and lipophilicity was successfully developed based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and dioleoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DOPG) via dynamic boronic ester bonds. Rheological experiments based on orthogonal design revealed that PVA-DOPG hydrogels exhibited ideal adhesive strength (around 6 kPa) and could adhere to various surfaces in both dry and wet conditions. PVA-DOPG hydrogels also significantly promoted lipophilic molecules’ penetration into stratum corneum (integrated fluorescence density of 6.95 ± 0.52 × 10⁶ and mean fluorescence depth of 0.96 ± 0.07 mm) of ex-vivo porcine buccal mucosa (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, PVA-DOPG hydrogels incorporating rapamycin inhibited malignant transformation of OLK mouse model induced by 4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide (4-NQO), distinct improvements in survival (the neoplasm incidence density at the 40th day is 0.0091) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), decrease in neoplasm incidence density of 36.36 % and inhibition rate in neoplasm volume of 75.04 ± 33.67 % have been demonstrated, suggesting the hydrogels were valuable candidates for potential applications in the management of OLK.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101305"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The considerations on selecting the appropriate decellularized ECM for specific regeneration demands","authors":"Shihan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yaru Guo ,&nbsp;Yixuan Lu ,&nbsp;Fangyong Liu ,&nbsp;Boon Chin Heng ,&nbsp;Xuliang Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An ideal biomaterial should create a customized tissue-specific microenvironment that can facilitate and guide the tissue repair process. Due to its good biocompatibility and similar biochemical properties to native tissues, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) generally yields enhanced regenerative outcomes, with improved morphological and functional recovery. By utilizing various decellularization techniques and post-processing protocols, dECM can be flexibly prepared in different states from various sources, with specifically customized physicochemical properties for different tissues. To initiate a well-orchestrated tissue-regenerative response, dECM exerts multiple effects at the wound site by activating various overlapping signaling pathways to promote cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, as well as suppressing inflammation via modulation of various immune cells, including macrophages, T cells, and mastocytes. Functional tissue repair is likely the main aim when employing the optimized dECM biomaterials. Here, we review the current applications of different kinds of dECMs in an attempt to improve the efficiency of tissue regeneration, highlighting key considerations on developing dECM for specific tissue engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101301"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Materials-based hair follicle engineering: Basic components and recent advances","authors":"Yudie Lv ,&nbsp;Weili Yang ,&nbsp;Perumal Ramesh Kannan ,&nbsp;Han Zhang ,&nbsp;Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruibo Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hair follicle (HF) is a significant skin appendage whose primary function is to produce the hair shaft. HFs are a non-renewable resource; skin damage or follicle closure may lead to permanent hair loss. Advances in biomaterials and biomedical engineering enable the feasibility of manipulating the HF-associated cell function for follicle reconstruction via rational design. The regeneration of bioengineered HF addresses the issue of limited resources and contributes to advancements in research and applications in hair loss treatment, HF development, and drug screening. Based on these requirements, this review summarizes the basic and recent advances in hair follicle regulation, including four components: acquisition of stem cells, signaling pathways, materials, and engineering methods. Recent studies have focused on efficiently combining these components and reproducing functionality, which would boost fabrication in HF rebuilding ex vivo, thereby eliminating the obstacles of transplantation into animals to promote mature development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101303"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stiffness and surface topology of silicone implants competitively mediate inflammatory responses of macrophages and foreign body response","authors":"Sicen He ,&nbsp;Qingrong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiezhi Jia ,&nbsp;Wei Xia ,&nbsp;Shengnan Chen ,&nbsp;Fanyi Min ,&nbsp;Yanlin Song ,&nbsp;Yunlong Yu ,&nbsp;Jiangfeng Li ,&nbsp;Zheng Li ,&nbsp;Gaoxing Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adverse inflammatory responses, dominated by macrophages, that are induced by physical cues of silicone implants can heavily damage the life quality of patients via causing fibrosis and device failure. As stiffness and surface topology affect macrophages at the same time, the competition or partnership among physical cues against the regulation of macrophages is still ambiguous. Herein, a series of PDMS implants with different stiffness at ∼ MPa and surface topology at tens of micrometers were fabricated to investigate the relationship, the regulation rule, and the underlying mechanism of the two physical cues against the inflammatory responses of M1 macrophages. There is a competitive rule: surface topology could suppress the inflammatory responses of M1 macrophages in the soft group but did not have the same effect in the stiff group. Without surface topology, lower stiffness unexpectedly evoked stronger inflammatory responses of M1 macrophages. Implanting experiments also proved that the competitive state against mediating <em>in vivo</em> immune responses and the unexpected inflammatory responses. The reason is that stiffness could strongly up-regulate focal adhesion and activate the MAPK/NF-κB signaling axis to evoke inflammatory responses, which could shield the effect of surface topology. Therefore, for patient healthcare, it is crucial to prioritize stiffness while not surface topology at MPa levels to minimize adverse reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101304"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cuproptosis-based layer-by-layer silk fibroin nanoplatform-loaded PD-L1 siRNA combining photothermal and chemodynamic therapy against metastatic breast cancer","authors":"Zheng Li ,&nbsp;Lan Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiang Xu ,&nbsp;Rui Jia ,&nbsp;Siyu Zhu ,&nbsp;Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Guotao Cheng ,&nbsp;Baiqing Wu ,&nbsp;Zulan Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Tong ,&nbsp;Bo Xiao ,&nbsp;Fangyin Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cuproptosis is a newly identified form of copper-dependent cell death that differs from other known pathways. This discovery provides a new way to explore copper-based nanomaterial applications in cancer therapy. This study used a layer-by-layer self-assembling method to load Cu_2-xS nanoparticle (NP) cores with the siRNA of the <em>PD-L1</em> immune escape-related gene and wrap a silk fibroin (SF) shell to form a multifunctional copper-based SF nanoplatform, denoted as CuS-PEI-siRNA-SFNs. CuS-PEI-siRNA-SFNs induced cuproptosis and exerted an antitumor effect via multiple mechanisms, including photothermal therapy (PTT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and immune activation. The presence of significant dihydrolipoamide <em>S</em>-acetyltransferase (DLAT) oligomers in 4T1 cells treated with CuS-PEI-siRNA-SFNs indicated the triggering of cuproptosis. Furthermore, <em>in vivo</em> experimental results showed that CuS-PEI-siRNA-SFNs efficiently accumulated in the tumor tissues of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice inhibited primary tumor and lung metastasis, and displayed excellent biosafety and antitumor activity. This study demonstrated that the synergistic effect of cuproptosis, PTT, CDT, and immune activation showed promise for treating metastatic breast cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101298"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cuprorivaite microspheres inhibit cuproptosis and oxidative stress in osteoarthritis via Wnt/β-catenin pathway","authors":"Bo Li ,&nbsp;Tongmeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Juan Wang ,&nbsp;Hongping Ge ,&nbsp;Yaqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Tong Li ,&nbsp;Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Weiguo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of cuprorivaite microspheres for osteoarthritis (OA), in particular, potential molecular mechanisms were investigated. The microspheres were developed from Ca(NO₃)₂•4H₂O, Cu(NO₃)₂•3H₂O, and silica gel, and further therapeutic effects were tested <em>in vitro</em> on mouse primary chondrocytes treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to mimic OA, and <em>in vivo</em> on OA mice induced via anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) surgery. The microspheres were shown to mitigate IL-1β-induced apoptotic, inflammatory, oxidative stress and cuproptosis markers while enhancing cell viability and extracellular matrix (ECM) components in chondrocytes. Moreover, the microspheres ameliorated histopathological damage, reduced inflammatory, oxidative stress and cuproptosis markers, and enhanced ECM biomarker levels in OA mice, implicating their role in suppressing cuproptosis and oxidative stress. The aforementioned effects of the cuprorivaite microspheres were demonstrated by using SKL2001, an agonist of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results suggest cuprorivaite microspheres as a promising intervention for OA and cartilage regeneration, highlighting their therapeutic effects on cellular and molecular levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101300"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}