Materials Today Bio最新文献

{"title":"Injectable polysaccharide hydrogel microspheres integrated with BPNS-ZnO nanocomposites restore redox homeostasis and protect cartilage in osteoarthritis.","authors":"Yuqing Lei, Tao Ma, Xiaolong Lin, Yuting Sun, Chenlong Liu, Jiapei Yao, Jingwei Wu, Junyang Li, Xiaoshuang Tu, Bo Pang, Zhuoyi Lu, Dong Li, Ling Zhang, Jingjing Shang, Luming Nong, Xindie Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive whole-joint disease driven by a persistent inflammatory-oxidative microenvironment that fuels cartilage destruction and osteochondral remodeling, while effective disease-modifying interventions remain scarce. Here, an injectable microsphere platform (HM@BPZn) is engineered by incorporating electronically coupled BPNS-ZnO hybrid nanosheets into a dual-polysaccharide network of methacrylated hyaluronic acid and gallic acid-grafted chondroitin sulfate. Interfacial electronic redistribution within the BPNS-ZnO hybrids enables active modulation of the pathological joint microenvironment. HM@BPZn suppresses reactive oxygen species accumulation and NF-κB signaling in macrophages, reducing inflammatory mediator production and promoting pro-resolving polarization. In inflamed chondrocytes, HM@BPZn activates the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, upregulates antioxidant effectors including HO-1 and NQO1, and restores matrix homeostasis by suppressing catabolic markers while enhancing anabolic and lubrication-associated phenotypes. Transcriptomic profiling further verifies coordinated rewiring of inflammatory and antioxidant signaling networks. In an ACLT-induced OA model, intra-articular delivery of HM@BPZn markedly mitigates synovitis, preserves proteoglycan-rich cartilage, and attenuates pathological subchondral bone remodeling and osteophyte formation. These findings establish HM@BPZn as an injectable microenvironment-regulating platform for disease-modifying OA treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103467"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13393546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-arterial delivery of FePt nanoparticles induces ferroptosis and immune infiltration to enhance radiotherapy.","authors":"Yaowei Yeh, Yuhsuan Huang, Yanshen Shan, Shangyin Wu, Hsiuyun Wang, Paosheng Hou, Yifu Chang, Wuchou Su, Helen Hw Chen, Chiajui Yen, Tsunglin Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advances in nanomedicine provide new opportunities to enhance radiotherapy and overcome tumor radioresistance. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of iron-platinum nanoparticles (FePt NPs) delivered through intra-arterial (IA) administration to improve tumor targeting and therapeutic efficacy. FePt NPs significantly inhibited the proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and enhanced radiosensitivity. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that FePt NPs induced ferroptosis characterized by lipid peroxidation (LPO), mitochondrial damage, and downregulation of GPX4, leading to the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), including ATP, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and calreticulin (CRT), thereby promoting ferroptosis-associated immunogenic cell death (ICD). <i>In vitro</i> cytokine array analysis further revealed modulation of immune-related cytokines associated with inflammatory responses and immune cell recruitment. <i>In vivo</i> studies showed that IA administration significantly increased FePt NPs accumulation within tumors compared with conventional intravenous delivery, resulting in enhanced tumor suppression. The combination of FePt NPs and radiotherapy further promoted T-cell and macrophage infiltration within the tumor microenvironment (TME), indicating enhanced immune activation. Importantly, in a comparative canine liver tumor model treated with FePt NPs via transarterial embolization, tumor regression or stabilization was observed together with increased immune infiltration. These findings demonstrate that IA-delivered FePt NPs act as ferroptosis-inducing radiosensitizers that reshape the tumor immune microenvironment and convert immunologically \"cold\" tumors into \"hot\" tumors. This approach highlights the translational potential of localized nanoparticle delivery for cancer radio-immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103461"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Janus porphyrin-stabilized phase-transition theranostics for multimodal imaging-guided synergistic cancer therapy.","authors":"Pei He, Qiang Zhu, Ruoyun Lin, Xin Zhou, Yu Li, Zhong-Xing Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acoustic and optical droplet vaporization (ADV/ODV) enables localized energy conversion through nanoscale phase transitions, offering a mechanism to couple imaging enhancement with therapeutic activation. However, achieving controlled vaporization while integrating multimodal imaging and therapy remains challenging. Here, we developed low-boiling-point fluorocarbons (<b>FO1</b>-<b>FO4</b>) as phase-transition liquids and Janus porphyrin amphiphiles (<b>TP1</b> and <b>TP2</b>) as energy mediators, which co-assemble into core-shell nanodroplets (<b>TFNP</b>) that unify vaporization dynamics with multimodal theranostics. <b>TFNP</b> responds to optical or acoustic excitation by converting droplets into microbubbles, amplifying fluorescence, photoacoustic, and ultrasound signals, while simultaneously activating photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy. Structure-property optimization identified <b>TP2</b> as an effective interfacial energy mediator, fluorophore, sonosensitizer, and photosensitizer, and <b>FO1</b> as a newly developed phase-transition liquid with a single ¹⁹F resonance, enabling sensitive ¹⁹F magnetic resonance imaging (¹⁹F MRI) and controllable vaporization. Compared with the commonly used perfluorohexane, <b>FO1</b> provides <b>TFNP</b> with unparalleled photoacoustic, ultrasound, and ¹⁹F MRI performance. Upon ADV/ODV triggering, <b>TFNP</b> synchronizes multimodal imaging enhancement with reactive oxygen species generation and anti-vascular effects, enabling spatially confined and temporally guided therapy. <i>In vivo</i> ¹⁹F MRI permitted quantitative tracking of <b>FO1</b> retention and revealed a theranostic window of less than 10 hours for ADV/ODV nanodroplets. These findings demonstrate that rational molecular and interfacial engineering can significantly improve phase-transition theranostic performance while highlighting the importance of imaging-guided temporal optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103463"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An orally administered biohybrid complex leveraging probiotic guidance to treat colorectal cancer via <i>in situ</i> vaccination.","authors":"Wenfei Fan, Shuaiguang Li, Xue Wang, Jingya Xu, Shan Jiang, Haixia Shen, Yanran Yue, Zhonghua Dong, Xuan Wang, Haiping Hu, Wei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) holds inherent promise for enhancing patient compliance and enabling gastrointestinal targeting, while its application is hampered by low oral drug utilization efficiency and precise colonic localization. This study developes an orally delivered biohybrid complex, CS@CB-Lipo@5-FU/R837, which leverages the hypoxic tropism of the probiotic <i>Clostridium butyricum</i> (CB) for active tumor targeting. The core of the system consists of nanoliposomes co-loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and the TLR7 agonist, R837, which are site-specifically anchored to CB via bioorthogonal conjugation. A chitosan-based outer coating ensures gastrointestinal stability and enables enzyme-responsive drug release in the tumor-colonized environment. Within the tumor, the complex orchestrates a coordinated immunotherapeutic cascade: 5-FU induces immunogenic cell death, releasing tumor antigens and damage-associated molecular patterns, while R837 promotes dendritic cell maturation and antigen presentation. This spatiotemporally coupled \"antigen-adjuvant' delivery effectively mimics an <i>in situ</i> vaccination mechanism, stimulating potent antitumor immunity. Evaluation in orthotopic and subcutaneous CRC models shows treatment leads to tumor growth inhibition, remodeling of the immune microenvironment, and extended survival. This work establishes a versatile strategy for oral <i>in situ</i> vaccines based on probiotic-guided delivery and localized immune activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103445"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AntagomiR-155 hitchhiking on biomimetic yeast microcapsules alleviate atherosclerosis by inhibiting M1-like macrophages.","authors":"Ruilin Zhang, Ya Wu, Tao Kou, Yuhui Liu, Hao Chen, Runwen Li, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis progression is driven by the plasticity of plaque macrophages, making the suppression of M1-like macrophage polarization a promising therapeutic goal. While inhibiting the M1-regulator microRNA-155 (miR-155) is a viable strategy, its clinical application is limited with inadequate systemic bioavailability and off-target organ damage. Herein, we developed YC/ANM-155, an orally delivered biomimetic system that utilizes yeast microcapsules (YC) to specifically transport AntagomiR-155 (ANM-155) to aortic plaques. This targeted strategy demonstrated superior efficacy compared to free ANM-155 in alleviating the atherosclerotic burden. Mechanistically, the treatment suppressed local miR-155 expression, inhibited M1-like macrophage polarization, and downregulated key pro-inflammatory cytokines at both the lesional and systemic levels. Complementary in vitro studies showed that miR-155 inhibition reduced M1-like macrophage polarization and attenuated inflammatory activation. The formulation showed improved stability under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and favorable biosafety under the present experimental settings. Collectively, our findings suggest that yeast-mediated oral delivery of miRNA antagomirs may serve as a promising preclinical strategy for RNA-based AS therapy and warrant further evaluation in larger-scale preclinical models.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103460"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148591613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An organotypic ectocervix mucosa model to study host-pathogen interaction of sexually transmitted infections.","authors":"Helene Mehling, Claire Rousseau, Tobias Krammer, Alexander M Leipold, Aziza Boyny, Saskia-Laureen Herbert, Christine Wulff, Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba, Lars Dölken, Florian Groeber-Becker, Thomas Rudel, David Komla Kessie","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organotypic models closely recapitulate <i>in vivo</i> human tissues and organs and thus overcome limitations of animal and conventional cell cultures in studying human specific infections. Infections of the female reproductive tract by sexually transmitted pathogens typically start in the lower female reproductive tract, including the vagina and ectocervix, before ascending to the upper reproductive tract. These lower reproductive tract infections are often asymptomatic, facilitating silent transmission between partners and result in severe complications due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. However, due to the lack of relevant models and the challenge of detecting clinically asymptomatic infections, research has largely focused on symptomatic infections of the upper female reproductive tract (FRT). We present an organotypic human ectocervix mucosal (hEcCxM) model, generated by coculturing primary ectocervix epithelial cells and fibroblasts on a plastically compressed collagen scaffold. Histological analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that the hEcCxM model developed a stratified squamous epithelium and exhibited key features essential for its physiological barrier function. Transcriptional fidelity of the hEcCxM models was validated against native ectocervix tissues. The model recapitulated several <i>in vivo</i> infection phenotypes of <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (<i>GC</i>) and <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (<i>Ctr</i>)<i>.</i> <i>GC</i> infection induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines while Ctr infections did not elicit a comparable inflammatory response. Additionally, we demonstrated that neutrophils could migrate to infection sites from the basal side, but this requires the presence of an endothelial layer. Overall, the hEcCxM model represents a scalable and physiological platform for studying host-pathogen interactions in sexually transmitted infections, as well as non-infectious diseases affecting the ectocervical mucosa.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103454"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compressive stress-driven mechanosignaling in chondrocytes: From molecular mechanism to scaffold engineering and translational opportunities.","authors":"Yongbing Mou, Tingting Tian, Peng Wang, Xia Wang, Wei Li, Wenfei Tang, Yehong Wang, Dong Zhu, Yong Huang, Xiao Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Articular cartilage, a unique avascular and low-cell-density connective tissue, relies predominantly on chondrocyte responses to mechanical cues for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and functional repair. Among the diverse mechanical stimuli encountered in the joint microenvironment, compressive stress stands as the most prominent and physiologically relevant physical signal regulating chondrocyte behavior. This review systematically dissects the multi-layered mechanisms underlying compressive stress-mediated chondrocyte regulation and its translational implications in cartilage tissue engineering and osteoarthritis (OA) intervention. At the molecular level, compressive stress initiates a cascade of mechanosensing, intracellular transduction, and functional output through the synergistic crosstalk of integrin-mediated adhesion complexes, calcium signaling networks, MAPK pathways, and downstream transcriptional regulators (e.g., SOX9, Runx2, Sp1), which collectively orchestrate the balance between anabolic and catabolic metabolism. At the cellular level, articular cartilage's inherent regional heterogeneity, coupled with distinct responses of healthy/pathological chondrocytes and stem cells to compressive parameters (frequency, strain magnitude, loading mode, duration), underscores the need for cell-type-specific mechanical intervention strategies. At the translational level, moderate dynamic compression promotes cartilage repair by preserving extracellular matrix integrity, suppressing inflammatory cascades, and modulating epigenetic landscapes, while aberrant loading exacerbates OA progression via chondrocyte apoptosis, matrix degradation, and pain sensitization. The optimization of scaffold materials (natural polymers, synthetic composites, intelligent responsive matrices) and culture systems (3D bioprinting, microfluidic bioreactors, shear-compression synergistic loading) has emerged as a critical enabler to enhance mechanical regulation efficacy. Despite significant advances, current research is constrained by insufficiently physiological in vitro/in vivo models, lack of standardized loading parameters, unclear pathway crosstalk mechanisms, and limited clinical translation of mechanical-based therapies. Future endeavors should prioritize the elucidation of multi-pathway synergistic networks using multi-omics approaches, establishment of personalized mechanical parameter databases integrating patient-specific factors (age, gender, disease severity), construction of bionic models recapitulating the joint's dynamic microenvironment, and development of combined mechanical-biological therapeutic strategies. These efforts will provide more precise molecular targets and clinically feasible schemes for cartilage repair and OA management.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103453"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic control of viral persistence via wettability and ion release on antiviral coatings.","authors":"Ryohei Hirose, Saori Morita, Shizuka Kanawa, Akinobu Sai, Taku Kano, Takumi Minamiyama, Satomi Isono, Takaaki Nakaya","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antiviral coating design remains largely empirical due to the lack of quantitative principles linking interfacial properties to viral persistence under realistic conditions. Here, we establish a survival time-based evaluation framework that captures the drying dynamics of 2-μL virus-containing microdroplets and enables quantitative assessment of antiviral coating performance using viral survival time (duration of infectivity) and survival time reduction rate. Using this framework, we identify surface virus density, defined as infectious virus per unit distribution area, as a physical determinant governing viral persistence. When surface virus density was matched, viral survival times converged irrespective of inoculum level or droplet geometry. Accordingly, viral survival time decreased with decreasing surface virus density, and hydrophilic surface design alone reduced viral survival time by approximately 70-80%. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the initial release rate of antiviral metal ions constitutes a complementary chemical control parameter under rapid-drying conditions. Antiviral coatings incorporating amorphous vanadate glass particles enabled rapid release of copper or silver ions within the first 1-5 min following droplet deposition. By integrating wettability-mediated viral redistribution with rapid ion release, synergistic suppression of viral persistence was achieved, reducing viral survival time relative to uncoated surfaces by up to 97.6% for influenza virus, 98.2% for feline calicivirus, and 94.9% for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus. These findings demonstrate that viral persistence can be predictively controlled through the combined physical regulation of surface virus density and chemical inactivation by rapidly released antiviral agents. This antiviral coating strategy may contribute to reducing contact transmission risks in healthcare, agricultural, and community environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103449"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perovskite immunoadjuvant: Remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment via photothermal catalysis to enhance T-cell recruitment and amplify the immune response.","authors":"Rui Zhang, Xiang Li, Bingbing Duan, Xinyue Hu, Wenxin Li, Xiuni He, Ting Zhang, Xin Mi, Shunye Zhang, Zhiguang Fu, Yu Luo, Xiaofeng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunotherapeutic efficacy is markedly compromised in \"cold\" tumors, largely as a consequence of the immunosuppressive milieu within the TME, characterized by hypoxia, a fortified antioxidant defense (e.g., elevated glutathione), and insufficient immunogenicity. This necessitates next-generation strategiy that can remodel the TME and trigger strong anti-tumor immunity. Herein, we engineered an intelligent photothermo-catalytic immunoadjuvant based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-modified lanthanum manganite oxide perovskites (La_0.93MnO₃@PVP, LMOP), which synergizes with photothermal therapy (PTT) to amplify systemic anti-tumor immunity. LMOP demonstrated inherent catalytic activities mimicking both catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which are markedly enhanced under PTT-induced hyperthermia, establishing a thermo-catalytic cascade. This synergy effectively remodeled the TME by generating O₂ to alleviate hypoxia and depleting glutathione to disrupt the antioxidant shield. The resulting oxidative stress, coupled with PTT, not only inflicted direct cytotoxicity but also induced mitochondrial damage, thereby triggering a potent immunogenic cell death (ICD) cascade. Remarkably, LMOP-mediated PTT effectively suppressed tumor growth, promoted dendritic cell (DC) maturation and extensive accumulation of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. This immunoadjuvant design strategy presents a promising paradigm for converting immunosuppressive \"cold\" tumors into \"hot,\" therapy-responsive phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103450"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13382410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148604665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythrocyte-inspired biomaterials for cancer immunotherapy: Integration within the cancer-immunity cycle.","authors":"Parisa Javadi, Amir Azadi","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Erythrocyte-based drug delivery systems serve as an attractive strategy for cancer immunotherapy with improved biocompatibility, increased circulation time, and less immunogenicity. Due to their distinct physiological characteristics, erythrocytes can be developed as biomimetic carriers for targeted drug delivery, antigen presentation, and immune modulation. This review discusses the different strategies utilized to leverage erythrocytes in cancer immunotherapy, such as erythrocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles, antigen-hitchhiking systems, and immune-stimulatory erythrocyte-derived vesicles. Notably, we uniquely contextualizes erythrocyte-inspired platforms across each stage of the cancer-immunity cycle, highlighting their dual role as both drug delivery vehicles and active immunomodulators. We have explained how engineered erythrocyte-based systems enhance the cycle of cancer-immunity by increasing tumor antigen presentation and reshaping the tumor microenvironment for greater immune cell infiltration and cytotoxicity. In addition, recent advances in erythrocyte-based immunotherapeutic platforms, their advantages over conventional delivery platforms, and challenges in their clinical application are discussed. Overall, the integration of erythrocyte biomimetic technology into immunotherapy provides a novel approach to enhance cancer treatment efficacy and reduce systemic toxicity, paving the way for more targeted and effective therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"39 ","pages":"103452"},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}