Materials Today Bio最新文献

{"title":"A novel nanomedicine integrating ferroptosis and photothermal therapy, well-suitable for PD-L1-mediated immune checkpoint blockade","authors":"Yujun Bao ,&nbsp;Guanghao Li ,&nbsp;Siqi Li ,&nbsp;Haishui Zhou ,&nbsp;Ziqing Yang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Yan ,&nbsp;Changhong Guo ,&nbsp;Yingxue Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a promising treatment strategy; however, the therapeutic efficacy is limited by the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, we developed a novel immune-activated nanoparticle (Fc-SS-Fe/Cu) to address the issue of insufficient immune infiltration. Specifically, the structure of Fc-SS-Fe/Cu collapsed in response to the tumor microenvironment, the ferrocene and disulfide bonds and the released Fe/Cu ions can effectively generate ·OH and deplete GSH to increase oxidative stress, thereby inducing ferroptosis. Withal, the positive feedback mechanisms of \"laser-triggered mild-temperature photothermal therapy (PTT), PTT accelerated ferroptosis and LPO accumulation, LPO mediated HSPs down-regulated to promote PTT,\" effectively triggers immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells, significantly enhancing their immunogenicity. Moreover, the O₂-generating ability induced by Fc-SS-Fe/Cu could reverse the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, and importantly, the expression of PD-L1 on tumor cell surfaces could be effectively downregulated by inhibiting the HIF-1<em>α</em> pathways, thereby augmenting the effect of anti-PD-L1 (<em>α</em>PD-L1) therapy. Therefore, this study provides valuable strategies into enhancing PD-L1-mediated ICB therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101346"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nickel–titanium alloy porous scaffolds based on a dominant cellular structure manufactured by laser powder bed fusion have satisfactory osteogenic efficacy","authors":"Jiaming Lin ,&nbsp;An Yan ,&nbsp;Anfei Huang ,&nbsp;Qinglian Tang ,&nbsp;Jinchang Lu ,&nbsp;Huaiyuan Xu ,&nbsp;Yufeng Huang ,&nbsp;Tianqi Luo ,&nbsp;Zhihao Chen ,&nbsp;Anyu Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Zhu ,&nbsp;Chao Yang ,&nbsp;Jin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel–titanium (NiTi) alloy is a widely utilized medical shape memory alloy (SMA) known for its excellent shape memory effect and superelasticity. Here, laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology was employed to fabricate a porous NiTi alloy scaffold featuring a topologically optimized dominant cellular structure that demonstrates favorable physical and superior biological properties. Utilizing a porous structure topology optimization method informed by the stress state of human bones, two types of cellular structures—compression and torsion—were designed, and porous scaffolds were produced via LPBF. The physical properties of the porous NiTi alloy scaffolds were evaluated to confirm their biocompatibility, while their osteogenic efficacy was investigated through both in vivo and in vitro experiments, with comparisons made against a traditional octahedral unit cell structure. NiTi alloy porous scaffolds can be nearly net-shaped via LPBF and exhibit favorable physical properties, including a low elastic modulus, high hydrophilicity, a specific linear expansion rate, as well as superelastic and shape memory effects. These scaffolds demonstrate excellent biocompatibility, support in vitro osteogenesis, and possess significant in vivo bone ingrowth capabilities. When compared to titanium alloys, NiTi alloys show comparable osteogenic properties in vitro but superior bone ingrowth properties in vivo. Additionally, among octahedral-type, torsion-type, and topologically optimized compression-type porous scaffolds, the latter demonstrates enhanced bone ingrowth properties. LPBF technology is effective for manufacturing porous NiTi alloy scaffolds with fine pore structures and excellent mechanical properties. The scaffolds based on topologically optimized dominant cellular structures facilitate satisfactory and efficient bone formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101344"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injectable microgels containing genetically engineered bacteria for colon cancer therapy through programmed Chemokine expression","authors":"Yazhou Chen ,&nbsp;Kehan Cai ,&nbsp;Hui Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenshuai Li ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Gao ,&nbsp;Yinzheng Fu ,&nbsp;Kyubae Lee ,&nbsp;SiTian Li ,&nbsp;Shengjie Yao ,&nbsp;Tao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemokines are emerging as important targets for cancer immunotherapy due to their role in regulating immune cell migration and activation within the tumor microenvironment. Effective delivery and sustained presence of chemokines at the tumor site is essential for recruiting and activating immune cells to exert anti-tumor effects. In this study, we report a genetically engineered bacterial cell factory designed for the continuous production of chemokine CCL21 in a controlled manner. To decrease the formation of infusion bodies (IBs) in bacteria, we used thioredoxin (Trx) as the fusion partner and cloned at N-terminal of the target protein. The commonly used promoters, pT7-LacO, pBV220, and pDawn, were employed to explore the influence of various inducers on the expression of CCL21 in bacteria. The engineered bacteria were finally encapsulated within spherical gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) microgels, which not only maintained bacterial viability but also prolonged their retention in the intestines of mice. As a result, the sustained presence and localized production of CCL21 led to effective suppression of tumor growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101337"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-water retention, self-healing hydrogel thyroid model for surgical training","authors":"Liang Ma ,&nbsp;Zhihao Zhu ,&nbsp;Shijie Yu ,&nbsp;Sidney Moses Amadi ,&nbsp;Fei Zhao ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhifei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evaluation of thyroid lesions through Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) is a common procedure that requires advanced hand manipulation skills. Conventional training models for this procedure lack essential features such as tactile sensation and the ability to repeat punctures similar to those of real organs. To improve the quality of training, we have developed a hydrogel thyroid model that possesses features such as high-water retention and self-healing properties. This model consists of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and trehalose that enhance water retention. By utilizing indirect printing technology, this hydrogel-based thyroid model closely resembles those of porcine thyroid tissue in terms of compression modulus and friction coefficient, exhibiting exceptional conformability, flexibility, and a water retention rate of 94.7 % at 6 h. It also displays a thrust force range of 0–0.98 N during simulated puncture, closely approximating real FNAB operations. This model shows evidence that it effectively simulates thyroid tissue and can be utilized for repetitive FNAB training to enhance the proficiency of medical personnel. Our study focuses on introducing new possibilities for developing advanced materials training models to be utilized in the medical field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101334"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional hydrogels loaded with tellurium nanozyme for spinal cord injury repair","authors":"Jian Meng ,&nbsp;Jingjing Sun ,&nbsp;Jiali Kang ,&nbsp;Shilei Ren ,&nbsp;Miaomiao Xu ,&nbsp;Runzhi Li ,&nbsp;Xuhui Zhao ,&nbsp;Yitong Yuan ,&nbsp;Lei Xin ,&nbsp;Ruiping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in severe neurological deficits due to disrupted neural pathways. While the spinal cord possesses limited self-repair capabilities, recent advancements in hydrogel-based therapies have shown promise. Polyphenol-based hydrogels, known for their neuroprotective properties, offer a suitable microenvironment for neural regeneration. In this study, a novel poly(lipoic acid)/poly(dopamine) adhesive hydrogel was developed as a versatile platform for delivering therapeutic agents. This hydrogel was loaded with methylcobalamin, a neurotrophic factor, and tellurium nanoenzymes, potent antioxidants. The nanoenzymes effectively mitigated oxidative stress and inflammation, while methylcobalamin promoted nerve regeneration. The combined therapeutic effects of the nanoenzymatic hydrogel demonstrated significant efficacy in repairing spinal cord injuries, highlighting its potential as a promising strategy for treating this debilitating condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101339"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive hydrogel synergizes neuroprotection, macrophage polarization, and angiogenesis to improve repair of traumatic brain injury","authors":"Yifan Hao ,&nbsp;Longbao Feng ,&nbsp;Huiling Liu ,&nbsp;Liming Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiang Yu ,&nbsp;Xinyue He ,&nbsp;Huan Cheng ,&nbsp;Long Jin ,&nbsp;Changyong Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to severe neurotrauma, leading to long-term cognitive decline and even death. Massive neuronal loss and excessive neuroinflammation are critical issues in the treatment of secondary TBI. To tackle these challenges, we developed a GelMA and CSMA hydrogel loaded with Erythropoietin (EPO) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4), named GC/I/E. By directly loading the hydrogel with EPO, rapid neuroprotection and angiogenesis were achieved. Meanwhile, by loading Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with IL-4 (MSN@IL-4), sustained inflammation modulation during inflammation was attained. <em>In vitro</em> experiments demonstrated that GC/I/E hydrogel were biocompatible and could provide neuroprotection for HT22 cells in H₂O₂ environment, regulate RAW264.7 polarization from M1 to M2 phenotype and promote HUVEC angiogenesis. <em>In vivo</em> experiments demonstrated that GC/I/E hydrogel reduced brain edema and Nissl body damage, inhibited inflammatory expression of G3-FFAP and neural scarring, improved microvascular and vascular function reconstruction, and facilitated neuronal and synaptogenesis, ultimately improving neurofunctional recovery in TBI. RNA sequencing results demonstrated that GC/I/E hydrogel treatment significantly correlated with the regulation of genes such as apoptosis, inflammation regulation, and neural regeneration. This bioactive hydrogel with neuroprotection, inflammation modulation and promotion of angiogenesis has great potential for TBI treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101335"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of vascular grafts based on tissue-engineered scaffolds","authors":"Zhongliang Lang ,&nbsp;Tianao Chen ,&nbsp;Shilu Zhu ,&nbsp;Xizhi Wu ,&nbsp;Yongqi Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Miao ,&nbsp;Qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Liping Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Ronald X. Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) ranks among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, primarily due to arterial occlusive disease. Vascular bypass remains the cornerstone of treatment; however, many patients lack suitable autologous vessels (e.g., saphenous vein) for grafting. Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) provide a viable alternative capable of integrating, remodeling, and repairing host vessels, responding to mechanical and biochemical stimuli. Currently, preparation methods for TEVGs are mainly categorized into scaffold-free and scaffold-based approaches. Scaffold-free methods exhibit comparatively weaker mechanical properties and limited research progress, whereas scaffold-based approaches show more promising applications due to their superior mechanical properties and biocompatibility. This review examines current research progress in materials, fabrication processes, functionalized modifications, cell implantation, and animal and clinical experiments for scaffold-based preparation of TEVGs. By exploring current challenges and future perspectives in this field, we expect to provide new insights into TEVGs development and expedite their clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101336"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orchestrated copper-loaded nanoreactor for simultaneous induction of cuproptosis and immunotherapeutic intervention in colorectal cancer","authors":"Jiasheng Li ,&nbsp;Shanshan Ma ,&nbsp;Qiuhua Lin ,&nbsp;Qin Wang ,&nbsp;Wuning Zhong ,&nbsp;Chunyin Wei ,&nbsp;Junjie Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Chen ,&nbsp;Duo Wang ,&nbsp;Weizhong Tang ,&nbsp;Tao Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ion interference, including intracellular copper (Cu) overload, disrupts cellular homeostasis, triggers mitochondrial dysfunction, and activates cell-specific death channels, highlighting its significant potential in cancer therapy. Nevertheless, the insufficient intracellular Cu ions transported by existing Cu ionophores, which are small molecules with short blood half-lives, inevitably hamper the effectiveness of cuproptosis. Herein, the ESCu@HM nanoreactor, self-assembled from the integration of H-MnO₂ nanoparticles with the Cu ionophore elesclomol (ES) and Cu, was fabricated to facilitate cuproptosis and further induce relevant immune responses. Specifically, the systemic circulation and tumoral accumulation of Cu, causing irreversible cuproptosis, work in conjunction with Mn²⁺, resulting in the repolarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and amplification of the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway by damaged DNA fragments in the nucleus and mitochondria. This further stimulates antitumor immunity and ultimately reprograms the tumor microenvironment (TME) to inhibit tumor growth. Overall, ESCu@HM as a nanoreactor for cuproptosis and immunotherapy, not only improves the dual antitumor mechanism of ES and provides potential optimization for its clinical application, but also paves the way for innovative strategies for cuproptosis-mediated colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101326"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-healing hydrogels loaded with Spatholobi Caulis alleviate disc degeneration by promoting autophagy in nucelus pulposus","authors":"Shenghao Cai ,&nbsp;Rui Ding ,&nbsp;Hongjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Qirui Chen ,&nbsp;Fen Yu ,&nbsp;Yong Xia ,&nbsp;Qi Chen ,&nbsp;Xinxin Miao ,&nbsp;Bin Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiahui Chen ,&nbsp;Le Liao ,&nbsp;Xigao Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common degenerative disease of the spine that has a significant impact on both society and human health. Many studies have confirmed that there is a close relationship between IDD and senescence and apoptosis, and autophagy can combat apoptosis and senescence. Spatholobi caulis (SC) is an herb that contains various active compounds that are effective in tissue repair and regeneration, but it has not been explored in field of IDD. In this study, it was first found that SC can boost autophagy and reduce the apoptosis and senescence of Nucleus pulposus cell (NPCs). However, our animal studies revealed limited absorption of SC. To improve the bioavailability and efficacy of SC, we developed a hydrogel incorporating quaternary ammonium chitosan (QCS) and oxidized starch (OST) as carriers for SC. The QCS-OST/SC hydrogel exhibits excellent compatibility with cells, can be easily injected, and can release SC durably. At the cellular level, the QCS-OST/SC hydrogel enhances cell viability, initiates autophagy and release of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and inhibits cellular senescence and apoptosis. The injection of the QCS-OST/SC hydrogel via microneedles (MNs) into discs had successfully diminished disc degeneration in rats, which shows that this hydrogel has broad potential in the treatment of IDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101323"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell-derived biomimetic drug delivery system for inflammatory bowel disease therapy","authors":"Wenjing Yang ,&nbsp;Peihong Lin ,&nbsp;Rui Gao ,&nbsp;Zhengyu Fang ,&nbsp;Zhouru Wang ,&nbsp;Zhen Ma ,&nbsp;Jing Shi ,&nbsp;Wenying Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic recurrent disease with an increasing incidence year by year. At present, no safe and effective treatment for IBD exists. Thus, there is an urgent need to create new therapeutic options that have decreased adverse effects and positive clinical efficacy. A range of nanomaterials have fueled the advancement of nanomedicine in recent years, which is establishing more appealing and prospective treatment approaches for IBD. However, traditional synthetic nanomaterials still have some problems in the IBD drug delivery process, such as weak targeting ability of vectors, difficulty escaping immune surveillance, and poor biosecurity. Natural sources of biological nanomaterials have been identified to solve the above problems. A drug delivery system based on bionic technology is expected to achieve a new breakthrough in the targeted therapy of IBD by nanotechnology due to its organic integration of low immunogenicity and natural targeting of biological materials and the controllability and versatility of synthetic nanocarrier design. We begin this review by outlining the fundamental traits of both inflammatory and healthy intestinal microenvironments. Subsequently, we review the latest application of a cell-derived bionic drug delivery system in IBD therapy. Finally, we discuss the development prospects of this delivery system and challenges to its clinical translation. Biomimetic nanotherapy is believed to offer a new strategy for the treatment of IBD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18310,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Bio","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101332"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}