Case Reports in Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Pulmonary <i>Nocardia paucivorans</i> Infection Mimicking Lung Cancer in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report.","authors":"Mario Mekhail, Kevin Shiah, Arunmozhi Aravagiri, Bruce Weng, Made Sutjita","doi":"10.1155/crdi/4621773","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/4621773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary nocardiosis is uncommon and usually affects immunocompromised hosts, but it can occur in immunocompetent patients and mimic primary lung malignancy clinically and radiographically.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 52-year-old immunocompetent woman presented with one month of cough, hemoptysis, and mild shortness of breath after repeated hiking exposures in Mexico and Central California. Chest CT showed bilateral apical ground-glass opacities and a spiculated, pleural-based mass involving the right upper and lower lobes, raising concern for primary lung cancer. HIV testing was negative; HbA1c was 5.1%; and initial sputum, blood, and acid-fast bacilli studies were negative. CT-guided biopsy showed acute and chronic inflammation, necrosis, and stromal fibrosis without well-formed granulomas. Gram stain identified Gram-positive rods. Tissue culture grew <i>Nocardia paucivorans</i>, identified by MALDI-TOF MS and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Susceptibility testing showed TMP-SMX susceptibility. She received prolonged oral TMP-SMX from November 2022 through December 2024, with resolution of cough and hemoptysis. Serum creatinine rose mildly during therapy but normalized without interruption. Follow-up CT showed improvement in the dominant mass, with residual bilateral upper-lobe abnormalities favored to represent postinflammatory fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pulmonary <i>Nocardia paucivorans</i> infection can closely mimic lung cancer, even in immunocompetent hosts. When noninvasive testing is unrevealing, tissue biopsy may be necessary for diagnosis. Radiological follow-up after treatment is warranted to exclude occult malignancy masked by infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4621773"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13329108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnosis of Human Neurological Infection Caused by Rabies Virus Using Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing: Two Case Reports.","authors":"Liu Yu, Zhang Chong, Li Yanchun, Hu Yingying","doi":"10.1155/crdi/1910139","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/1910139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rabies virus (RABV) causes acute progressive and fatal encephalomyelitis. Two case studies of RABV neurological infection identified using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) are presented in this paper. A total of 39 RABV sequences were detected using mNGS in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in Case 1. The detected sequences were located in the 0%-35% range of the enriched and amplified region and had a 27 × sequencing depth. A total of 75 RABV sequences were detected using mNGS in the CSF in Case 2. These cases illustrate that mNGS use during the early diagnosis of infectious diseases is critical. They also indicate that RABV can remain latent in the human body for many years. Disease prevention education for people who have experienced bites or scratches by rabid animals is therefore crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1910139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13319898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148366987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Time Course of Serum Iron and Serum Ferritin Concentrations Post-COVID-19 and Influenza Vaccinations.","authors":"Peter Lodemann, Oleg Tsuprykov, Rüdiger Lawaczeck","doi":"10.1155/crdi/8662747","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/8662747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Temporal responses of serum iron and ferritin in COVID-19 infection and vaccination remain insufficiently characterized. This case report presents their timeline after SARS-CoV-2 and influenza vaccinations and may serve as a model for future studies. The approach can be extended to cohort studies or investigations of other acute-phase reactants. A vaccination protocol with a defined timeline can provide a template for COVID-19 and long COVID studies.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Blood samples were collected from vaccination through 6 weeks postvaccination, focusing on iron metabolism. Prevaccination values served as baseline controls. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination was administered together with routine seasonal influenza vaccination. Previous influenza vaccinations in this patient were not associated with systemic symptoms such as dizziness or fever; in contrast, the present case exhibited clear reactions, suggesting that the observed alterations in serum iron and ferritin are attributable to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The vaccination induced an abrupt decrease in serum iron and a concomitant increase in ferritin. While ferritin returned to baseline within 6 weeks, iron levels steadily increased to approximately 1.8-fold above baseline values but remaining within the reference interval.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The observed decrease in serum iron reflects an iron-withholding response, a well-established host defense mechanism during infections that limits pathogen proliferation. The increase in ferritin requires further interpretation. A hypothesis is presented, but further data are needed to support this mechanism. In future cohort studies, the protocol should include individual prevaccination values so that an additional control group is not necessary.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immune reactions to vaccines can trigger transient changes in serum iron and ferritin that resemble the acute-phase response observed during infections. This case may serve as a template for studying the kinetics of immune responses, where <i>t</i> = 0 is defined by the vaccination time and each patient serves as own control when prior data are available.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8662747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13310374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not Tuberculosis After All: The \"Hare-Raising Case\" of Tularemia in a Patient With Advanced HIV Infection.","authors":"J X Geerdink, B J Van Welzen","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6697292","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/6697292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a rare case of pneumonic tularemia in a person with an advanced HIV infection, in which a mediastinoscopy was ultimately required for microbiological confirmation. Serological testing remained negative. This case illustrates the extent to which pneumonic tularemia can mimic pulmonary tuberculosis and illustrates the limitations of serology in immunocompromised individuals. Clinicians should consider tularemia in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary disease with necrotizing lymphadenopathy, even in regions where the incidence is low.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6697292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13310377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent Hepatic Abscess and Pleural Empyema due to <i>Actinomyces odontolyticus</i> After Recent COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report.","authors":"Dimo Dimitrov, Jad Mitri, Hind El Naamani, Claudia Nader","doi":"10.1155/crdi/8846561","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/8846561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Actinomycosis is a rare, slow-progressing infection mimicking malignancies by penetrating mucosal barriers and spreading across anatomical planes. While typically affecting the cervicofacial area, it can also involve the thorax and abdomen, with simultaneous hepatic and pulmonary involvement being particularly rare.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report the case of an 85-year-old woman with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and multiple dental procedures who developed fever, myalgias, and abdominal pain a few weeks after recovering from COVID-19. Diagnostic workup revealed a liver abscess extending into the right perinephric space and a small pleural effusion. Gram stain of abscess aspirate showed Gram-positive, branching filamentous rods, negative on a modified AFB stain. Cultures grew <i>Actinomyces odontolyticus</i>, differing from the more common <i>A. israelii</i>. Her hospital course was complicated by acute hypoxic respiratory failure, with CT showing an expanded, loculated right pleural effusion. Treatment included prolonged antibiotic therapy and interventional radiology procedures for abscess drainage.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of hepatic actinomycosis caused by <i>A. odontolyticus</i>, particularly when affecting adjacent structures, such as the diaphragm and lung. The infection may have spread hematogenously to the liver with subsequent transdiaphragmatic extension into the thoracic cavity or, alternatively, may have originated from aspiration-related thoracic infection with secondary extension toward the liver. Typically occurring in immunocompetent individuals, this severe presentation may reflect the combined influence of recent COVID-19 infection, chronic comorbidities, and recent dental procedures. This underscores the need for vigilance in recognizing atypical postviral infections and highlights the need for further research into opportunistic bacterial infections following COVID-19-related immune dysregulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8846561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13310379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent Pyelonephritis and Renal Abscess due to <i>Mycoplasma hominis</i> in an Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report.","authors":"Lydia M Hill Almeida, Dujinthan Jayabalan, Kelvin Chan, Chan Y Cheah, Thomas Gliddon","doi":"10.1155/crdi/8602744","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/8602744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Mycoplasma hominis</i> is a fastidious, cell wall-deficient bacterium commonly colonising the lower genitourinary tract. While usually commensal, it can cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. As it can be difficult to culture on standard mediums and is resistant to many first-line antimicrobials, diagnosis and treatment are often delayed.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 31-year-old woman with Stage IVA extranodal marginal zone lymphoma previously treated with bendamustine-rituximab, who presented with fever, suprapubic pain and haematuria in the setting of neutropenia. She developed acute kidney injury and was initially treated for neutropenic sepsis. Computed tomography revealed bilateral hydroureteronephrosis and, subsequently, a right renal lesion concerning for abscess. Despite broad-spectrum empirical therapy, she remained febrile with persistently elevated inflammatory markers. Blood cultures grew <i>Streptococcus mitis</i> in a single bottle, later considered a contaminant. Routine urine cultures were initially negative; <i>M. hominis</i> was identified only after prolonged incubation and directed testing on a urine culture collected on Day 5 of admission. On Day 10 of admission, urine culture identified <i>Mycoplasma hominis</i>. Directed therapy with intravenous clindamycin, doxycycline and levofloxacin led to clinical improvement. She was discharged after 17 days with a combination of oral doxycycline and levofloxacin. She was readmitted shortly afterwards with symptom recurrence and progression of renal abscesses but responded to re-initiation of clindamycin. At outpatient follow-up, she had transitioned to levofloxacin monotherapy with symptomatic improvement, radiological reduction of abscesses, downtrending inflammatory markers and recovery of renal function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights <i>M. hominis</i> as a rare but important cause of upper urinary tract infection and renal abscess in immunocompromised hosts. Clinicians should suspect atypical pathogens in culture-negative urosepsis unresponsive to empirical antibiotics. Specialised diagnostics are essential for accurate detection, and timely targeted therapy can achieve favourable outcomes even when surgical drainage is not feasible.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8602744"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suspected Macrolide-Refractory <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> Pneumonia With Discordant <i>Coccidioides</i> Serology in an Immunocompromised Host: A Case Report.","authors":"Mohamed M G Mohamed, Garry Francis Morel, Matthew Stack, John Salomone, Ariel Rischall, Ghassan Kamel","doi":"10.1155/crdi/7967464","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/7967464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suspected macrolide-refractory <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia can be a diagnostic challenge in immunocompromised hosts, particularly after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Screening serologies may further complicate diagnosis when false-positive or discordant results divert therapy. We report a 63-year-old woman with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia status postallogeneic stem cell transplantation and hypogammaglobulinemia who was transferred for persistent cough, exertional dyspnea, and right upper-lobe consolidation after limited improvement with azithromycin and broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy. Initial and repeat respiratory testing detected <i>M. pneumoniae</i>, while an extensive infectious evaluation was otherwise negative. <i>Coccidioides</i> enzyme immunoassay IgM and IgG were positive, prompting empiric fluconazole, but confirmatory immunodiffusion and complement fixation testing were negative, and the patient lacked epidemiologic risk factors. Following reassessment, fluconazole was discontinued; doxycycline and replacement intravenous immunoglobulin were initiated. Clinical improvement followed, including discontinuation of supplemental oxygen and return to baseline exercise tolerance, although the relative contributions of doxycycline and intravenous immunoglobulin cannot be determined from a single case. This case highlights the need to interpret screening fungal serologies in a clinical and epidemiologic context, confirm positive <i>Coccidioides</i> EIA results, and consider clinically suspected macrolide-refractory <i>M. pneumoniae</i> when respiratory symptoms persist despite macrolide therapy. Molecular resistance testing was not available, so macrolide resistance remained clinically suspected rather than proven.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7967464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent CMV IgM Without IgG Seroconversion in an Immunomodulated Pregnant Woman: A Case Report.","authors":"Francisco Vale, Rita Magano, Alice Alicerces, Inês Trabucho, Frederico Gonçalves, João Lourinho, Cláudia Silva Franco","doi":"10.1155/crdi/1322365","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/1322365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common intrauterine infection worldwide. Maternal primary infection is diagnosed with presence of IgM antibodies, detection of IgG with low avidity index, and/or IgG seroconversion in sequential serum samples. We report the first case of a pregnant woman with persistent CMV IgM positivity without IgG seroconversion, which raises significant questions regarding immune response and fetal risk assessment.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 39-year-old woman, with a history of ankylosing spondylitis and biologic immunosuppression, exhibited persistent CMV IgM positivity and high-level viremia without IgG seroconversion over two years of fertility support follow-up. During her pregnancy, CMV IgM remained positive with transient viremia. Fetal evaluations were normal, and CMV DNA was not detected in amniotic fluid. The infant was born healthy, and, to date, no neurodevelopmental changes have been identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case underscores a rare immunological profile with significant implications for CMV diagnosis and fetal risk assessment. Persistent CMV IgM without IgG seroconversion, although rare, may occur in patients undergoing immunomodulatory therapies, complicating the interpretation of maternal and fetal risk. This scenario requires individualized care and a multidisciplinary approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1322365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13307181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Multidrug-Resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>: A Case Report.","authors":"Adriano Souza Santos Monteiro, Vívian Santos Galvão, Camila Maria Piñeiro Silva, Soraia Machado Cordeiro, Joice Neves Reis","doi":"10.1155/crdi/1851069","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/1851069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is the second most common cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) in most populations; however, few cases of recurrent UTI (rUTI) have been described. In this report, we described a patient who experienced 18 episodes of community-acquired rUTI caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>K. pneumoniae</i> over an 8-year period. All isolates were ESBL producers and MDR, with variable resistance profiles. Molecular analysis of 10 isolates also revealed variations in β-lactamase genes; however, all isolates shared the same capsular serotype (K17) and virulence gene profile. PFGE analysis identified three closely related pulsotypes, and all isolates belonged to ST101, supporting relapse events during recurrent infection. Particular attention should be paid to empirical treatment of UTI due to the high resistance rates observed in <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, even in community-acquired infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1851069"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13305132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Series Demonstrating the Spectrum of Invasive Methicillin-Sensitive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MSSA) Disease.","authors":"Elisée Mbombo, Mubarack Ayamie, James Makina, Doreen Phiri, Natasha Banda, Zainab Maluk, McPherson Mahala, Humphry Chisambiro, Nohakhelha Nyamulani, Franck Phoya, George Chagaluka, Patrick Mapemba, Emmie Mbale, David Kulapani, Alix N Kamina, Criss K Mjumbe, Josephine Langton, Yamikani Chimalizeni, Kondwani Kawaza","doi":"10.1155/crdi/8839477","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/8839477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, although a common colonizer of skin and mucous membranes in humans, is associated with severe infections in both healthy and debilitated individuals. The mortality induced by invasive MSSA disease is high, especially in patients diagnosed late. In children, skin and joint manifestations are most common. Septic shock is a major contributing factor to early mortality. To date, reported cases of invasive MSSA disease in children are infrequent, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present 4 cases of previously healthy children who presented with various clinical manifestations, but skin lesions and fever were common in all of them. They had multisystem involvement and eventually required aggressive multifactorial therapy. Antibiotic treatment was tailored to the results of antimicrobial sensitivity tests following blood culture. Though the hospital stay was quite long, intensive care and appropriate antibiotics contributed to a good prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In children with invasive MSSA disease, early diagnosis and prompt management are key factors to improved prognosis. Skin lesions with tender joints in a febrile infant should raise suspicion for a staphylococcal infection. Intensive care and infection source control are the cornerstones of the management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8839477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13296220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}