Case Reports in Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Disseminated BCGosis After Intravesical BCG Installation for Bladder Cancer.","authors":"Tyler Martinson, C Bradley Hare, Andrea Kirmaier, Joseph C Presti, John L Shaia, Bian Wu, Jonathan E Volk","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9532859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crdi/9532859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present three patients who developed BCGosis, a rare complication following intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) treatment for bladder cancer. These cases highlight the diverse clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies of this entity, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and initiation of antimycobacterial treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9532859"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Aspergillus</i> Endocarditis: A Rare but Serious Complication During Treatment With Ibrutinib.","authors":"Luca Mezzadri, Ilaria Giuseppina Chiara Caramma, Irene Maria Sciabica, Guglielmo Marco Migliorino, Annalisa Cavallero, Giovanni Marchetto, Giuseppe Lapadula, Paolo Bonfanti","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6863015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crdi/6863015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> <i>Aspergillus</i> endocarditis (AE) is a rare but life-threatening form of infective endocarditis, accounting for only 0.2% of cases. Despite antifungal and surgical treatment, AE remains a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge with high mortality rates. Ibrutinib, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), has been associated with early-onset invasive aspergillosis. However, no cases of AE have been documented in patients undergoing ibrutinib therapy to date. <b>Case Presentation:</b> A 71-year-old man with relapsed CLL on third-line ibrutinib therapy and a history of arrhythmic cardiomyopathy requiring an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) presented with a six-month history of fever, cough, and fatigue. On admission, a full-body computed tomography scan revealed intestinal ischemia and multiple thrombotic occlusions involving the kidney, spleen, and iliac artery. Markedly elevated beta-D-glucan and serum galactomannan levels prompted empirical initiation of isavuconazole. Transthoracic echocardiography identified a large vegetation (2.5 × 4 cm) on the mitral valve with ICD lead involvement. Despite urgent surgical intervention-including ICD extraction and mitral valve replacement-the patient succumbed to complications. Intraoperative valve cultures grew <i>Aspergillus fumigatus.</i> <b>Conclusions:</b> This report underscores the severity of AE despite combined surgical and antifungal therapy. Given its high mortality rates, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for AE, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with a history of cardiac surgery or implanted cardiac devices. Early recognition and aggressive intervention remain essential to improving outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6863015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Chronic Q Fever Treated With Doxycycline and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole With a Favorable Outcome.","authors":"Pairie M, Dutta N, Erayil S E, Van't Hof J R, Paim A C","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9811461","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/9811461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In United States, Q fever cases increased from < 50 to 200 from 2000-2019. Case: 31-year-old female with fever after exposure to unpasteurized milk. Investigation revealed positive Q fever IgG. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and doxycycline were started due to QTc prolongation. Evidence is limited on treatment without hydroxychloroquine, and the use constraints might prompt additional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9811461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Nonsurgical Management of <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> Sepsis With Massive Intravascular Hemolysis and Liver Abscess: A Case Report.","authors":"Diogo Costa Oliveira, Inês Mendonça, Carolina Vaz-Pinto, Cristina Marques, Alexandra Babo, Vasco Elói","doi":"10.1155/crdi/1328614","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/1328614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium, commonly associated with gas gangrene and clostridial myonecrosis. Although bacteremia is rare, it carries a high mortality rate, particularly when complicated by massive intravascular hemolysis. <b>Case Presentation:</b> We report the case of a woman with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus who presented with fever, abdominal pain, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, respiratory insufficiency, and hemolytic anemia. Imaging studies revealed a hepatic abscess with gas formation, and blood cultures confirmed <i>C. perfringens</i> sepsis. Due to the patient's critical status, surgical intervention was deferred, and a multidisciplinary team initiated treatment involving intensive care, hematology, microbiology, immunohemotherapy, and surgery. <b>Management and Outcome:</b> Treatment included high-dose beta-lactam antibiotics combined with clindamycin, chosen for its antitoxin properties, alongside percutaneous drainage of the liver abscess and comprehensive intensive care support, including renal replacement therapy. The patient demonstrated progressive clinical improvement, with resolution of hyperlactatemia, successful weaning from vasopressors, and extubation. She completed a 28-day course of antibiotics and was discharged after a 75-day hospital stay. <b>Conclusion:</b> This case highlights the vital importance of early clinical suspicion, prompt diagnosis, and coordinated multidisciplinary management in <i>C. perfringens</i> sepsis. In the absence of well-established, evidence-based treatment protocols for this fulminant infection, our report illustrates a successful nonsurgical approach combining timely antimicrobial therapy, percutaneous source control through interventional radiology, and intensive organ support. Further research is essential to better define optimal management strategies and improve outcomes in this life-threatening condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1328614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12483745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Encephalitis in an Immunocompetent Adult: A Case Report From Thailand.","authors":"Ekachai Singhatiraj, Pavis Laengvejkall, Put Chaikamnerd, Krit Pongpirul","doi":"10.1155/crdi/8336608","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/8336608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis in a 27-year-old man from Bangkok, Thailand, presenting with fever and altered mental status. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed neutrophil predominance and EBV-positive PCR. The patient improved with intravenous dexamethasone, highlighting EBV as a potential encephalitis pathogen in immunocompetent individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8336608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medically Managed Locally Acquired Pulmonary Cystic Echinococcosis With Bacterial Superinfection in Northern Canada: A Case Report.","authors":"Ahmad F Alenezi, Mohammed Redha, Cedric P Yansouni, Sapha Barkati","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9851244","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/9851244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Primary pulmonary cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease often caused by <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i> sensu lato complex. Although rare in North America, it can present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. <b>Case Presentation:</b> We report a 36-year-old male from Quebec, Canada, with locally acquired primary pulmonary CE who presented to the emergency department with a two-month history of shortness of breath, cough, and hemoptysis. Laboratory investigations showed mild leukocytosis and high eosinophil counts. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed extensive multifocal consolidation in the right upper lobe (RUL) with a large 6-cm thick-walled cavity. <i>Echinococcus</i> serology was positive. Treatment was initiated with albendazole and praziquantel as well as antibiotics for pulmonary CE, with likely ruptured cyst and bronchoalveolar spillage complicated by a superimposed bacterial infection of the RUL. Follow-up imaging showed a decrease in the size of the cavitary lesion and regression of adjacent consolidations. <b>Discussion:</b> Diagnosing and managing pulmonary CE is complex, as clinical presentations vary and imaging and serological tests have limitations. Treatment depends on factors such as cyst size, rupture status, and infection, with surgery as the main approach for viable cysts and albendazole used for ruptured cysts. <b>Conclusion:</b> Pulmonary CE requires individualized management due to its varied presentations, with imaging and serology playing key but limited roles in the diagnosis. Medical management and monitoring were effective, while surgery was reserved for complex cases, with long-term follow-up and family screening essential for detecting recurrence and asymptomatic cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9851244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utility of Gallium Scan in Patients With Perinephric Abscess and Septic Pulmonary Emboli in the Absence of Right-Sided Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report.","authors":"Bahy Abofrekha, Mohammad Aldalahmeh, Dillon Rogando, Omar Abureesh, Georges Khattar, Neville Mobarakai","doi":"10.1155/crdi/2319787","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/2319787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 43-year-old male with newly diagnosed diabetes developed methicillin-sensitive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MSSA) bacteremia following a foot injury. Despite appropriate antibiotic treatment, the patient's blood cultures remained persistently positive, and imaging revealed septic pulmonary emboli. Both transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography showed no evidence of right-sided infective endocarditis. A gallium scan, followed by CT and MRI, identified a perinephric abscess as the source of infection. After drainage of the abscess and prolonged antibiotic therapy, the bacteremia was resolved, and pulmonary septic foci were reduced. This case highlights the importance of considering extracardiac sources, such as perinephric abscesses, in cases of persistent bacteremia and septic pulmonary emboli, especially when there is no evidence of endocarditis. And the remarkable utility of gallium scans to detect hidden infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2319787"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Powassan Virus Encephalitis in an Immunocompromised Patient: A Diagnostic Challenge With Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Andrew Johnston, Johnathone Yang, Elizabeth Schiffman, Alison Galdys, Lauren Fontana","doi":"10.1155/crdi/4453384","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/4453384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Powassan virus (POWV) is a tick-borne flavivirus transmitted to humans by <i>Ixodes</i> ticks. In this report, we describe an immunocompromised patient who presented with progressive neurologic symptoms and was diagnosed with POWV encephalitis. Additionally, the patient tested positive for Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), a mosquito-borne <i>orthobunyavirus</i>, creating a diagnostic dilemma. This case underscores the importance of considering vector-borne illnesses in immunocompromised individuals who present with neurologic symptoms, particularly during peak arboviral transmission seasons in the United States. It also highlights the complexities of laboratory testing for arboviral infections in these vulnerable patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4453384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Associated Myelopathy With Autoimmune Cholangiopathy: An Unusual Immune Conundrum in a Young Patient.","authors":"Aida Saad, Yamna Jadoon, Riffat Sabir","doi":"10.1155/crdi/7381720","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/7381720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the first oncogenic retrovirus discovered in humans, is primarily associated with two disease entities: adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy-tropical spastic paresis. HTLV-1 has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune rheumatic diseases, and its association with the autoimmune disorders of the gastrointestinal track is less well understood. Our patient, a 26-year-old previously healthy female, presented with recurrent, progressively worsening chronic abdominal pain and persistent liver test abnormalities. Initially diagnosed with acute acalculous cholecystitis and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), her liver tests continued to exhibit a predominantly cholestatic pattern. This prompted further advanced imaging, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ultimately confirmed a diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Complicating her condition further, she developed lower extremity weakness, initially attributed to axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome, which unfortunately did not respond to standard treatment. After a year marked by progressive clinical decline with repeated and prolonged hospitalizations due to fever of unknown origin, an extensive diagnostic workup ultimately led to a diagnosis of HTLV-1 myelopathy, along with AIH-PSC overlap syndrome. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with the multisystem involvement of HTLV-1. Notably, our patient's presentation was not consistent with classic HTLV-1 myelopathy rather a subtype with rapidly progressive symptoms and flaccid as opposed to spastic paresis. The association between HTLV-1 infection and autoimmune cholangiopathy is exceptionally rare. To the best of our knowledge, our case represents only the second reported instance of autoimmune cholangiopathy associated with HTLV-1 myelopathy and the first reported case of AIH-PSC overlap syndrome associated with HTLV-1 myelopathy. This underscores the need for heightened clinical awareness of potential hepatic immune manifestations in patients with HTLV-1 infection, even in the absence of classic neurologic symptoms at initial presentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7381720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Acquired <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> Severe Pneumonia: A Case Report.","authors":"Quentin Guillemot, Thomas Clemens, Valentine Inthasot, Bhavna Mahadeb, Evelyne Maillart, Philippe Clevenbergh","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6627159","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/6627159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Chlamydia psittaci</i>, the causative agent of psittacosis, is an intracellular bacterium typically transmitted from birds to humans, leading to atypical pneumonia. We present a case of a 60-year-old man with no reported bird exposure but a history of working as a chief cook, potentially exposed to poultry. He presented with high fever, diffuse soreness, and left-sided pulmonary consolidation. Initial treatment with β-lactams was ineffective, but a multiplex PCR on bronchoalveolar lavage identified <i>C. psittaci</i> DNA. Therapy was switched to moxifloxacin, resulting in rapid clinical improvement. <i>C. psittaci</i> causes approximately 1% of community-acquired pneumonias, often underdiagnosed due to nonspecific symptoms and the need for advanced diagnostic tools like nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) or metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). The bacterium is endemic in birds and poultry, with human infections linked to occupational exposure or contact with infected animals. Diagnosis relies on NAAT and mNGS, as serology and culture are less practical. Treatment with tetracyclines, quinolones, or macrolides is effective, reducing mortality from 10%-20% to < 1%. Preventive measures, including protective equipment for high-risk individuals and treatment of infected birds, are crucial. Mandatory reporting of cases could improve understanding of the disease burden. This case highlights the importance of considering psittacosis in atypical pneumonia, even without direct bird exposure, and the role of NAAT or mNGS in accurate diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6627159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}