Case Reports in Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Emergent Meningoencephalitis Following Spinal Anesthesia: A Case Report.","authors":"Yara Mouawad, Mahmoud El-Hussein, Joelle Kalaji, Patrick Nasrallah, Cima Hamieh, Eric Revue","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9468161","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/9468161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Iatrogenic meningitis is a rare but increasingly reported condition, particularly following invasive spinal procedures. The incidence is uncertain, ranging from none to two cases per 10,000 operations. Most cases involve infections with viridans streptococci. Septic meningitis presents with neurologic symptoms and elevated white blood cell counts in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), potentially leading to significant long-term neurologic damage or death if not promptly treated. <b>Case Presentation:</b> A 32-year-old previously healthy male presented with severe headache, phonophobia, photophobia, nuchal rigidity, and fever, one day after undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructive surgery under spinal anesthesia. Initial evaluation revealed a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 11, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, and turbid CSF with 3200 WBC/mm², 100% neutrophils, and Gram-positive diplococci identified <i>as Streptococcus salivarius.</i> Blood cultures confirmed the same pathogen. The patient was diagnosed with meningoencephalitis, likely contracted via the spinal anesthesia procedure. Despite initial deterioration requiring intubation and intensive care, the patient responded well to targeted antibiotic therapy and was discharged in stable condition. <b>Discussion:</b> The clinical outcome of iatrogenic bacterial meningitis significantly depends on the virulence of the infecting organism. High-virulence pathogens have been associated with higher mortality rates, whereas infections caused by low-virulence bacteria like viridans streptococci generally have a more favorable prognosis. The infection likely occurred due to contamination during the spinal anesthesia procedure, despite the use of standard aseptic precautions. This underscores the importance of stringent infection control measures, including the use of face masks, thorough handwashing, sterile gloves, and appropriate skin antisepsis. <b>Conclusion:</b> This case highlights the potential for meningoencephalitis following spinal anesthesia, a rare but serious complication. Adhering to stringent aseptic guidelines and protocols is critical to prevent such infections. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to mitigate the risks of severe neurologic damage and improve patient outcomes. Further research is needed to better understand the infection control measures that can prevent iatrogenic meningitis in spinal procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9468161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encased by Infection: A Rare Case of Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Induced by Disseminated Cysticercosis.","authors":"Lufeng Zhang, Shaoyang Zhan","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6221398","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/6221398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cysticercosis refers to a disease caused by the larvae of <i>Taenia solium</i> parasitizing various tissues and organs of the human body. It is reported that cysticercosis is most commonly caused by the central nervous system, and retroperitoneal fibrosis is rare. We report a case of retroperitoneal fibrosis caused by cysticercosis and a urinary tract obstruction caused by retroperitoneal fibrosis, which was successfully relieved by transurethral stenting. The complex pathophysiological mechanism of cysticercosis-induced retroperitoneal fibrosis requires further study. In the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, it is very important to consider the patient's epidemiological history and the presence of parasite infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6221398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-Induced Hyperprolactinemia and Granulomatous Mastitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Mohammed Alenazi, Sarah Howse, Syed Ali Imran","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9409072","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/9409072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare inflammatory condition of the breast that can mimic inflammatory breast cancer. We report a case of a 54-year-old female who developed recurrent GM symptoms in the context of drug-induced hyperprolactinemia, which resolved with dopamine agonist therapy. Our report suggests that serum prolactin should be tested in patients with GM and appropriately managed if elevated.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9409072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12140826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone and Joint Tuberculosis: The Experience From a Tuberculosis Department in Northern Greece.","authors":"Anastasios Vogiatzoglou, Maria Hadji Mitrova, Eleni Papadaki, Maria Sionidou, Katerina Manika","doi":"10.1155/crdi/1632733","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/1632733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Tuberculosis (TB) of bones and joints is a relatively rare manifestation of the disease. Biopsy is the key to diagnosing it, while chemotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment. Some patients need surgery in addition to anti-TB drugs. We present a series of eight cases of bone and joint TB. <b>Method:</b> The files of the patients with TB diagnosed and treated at the Pulmonary Department of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (A.U.Th.) between 2013 and 2022 were reviewed. Patients with a bone or joint infection due to <i>M. tuberculosis</i> were selected. <b>Cases Presentation:</b> During these ten years, 307 cases of TB were found. Eight of them were TB of bones and joints (2.6%). Six patients were men and two women, with a mean age of 53.5 years and a standard deviation of 18.2 years. Half of them were native Greeks. The spine was involved in 4 cases, while two of the patients also had pulmonary TB. In seven cases, <i>M. tuberculosis</i> DNA was detected by PCR. Chemotherapy with anti-TB drugs was administered to all eight patients, with three of them undergoing surgery in addition to anti-TB medication. The minimum treatment duration was twelve months. Six out of eight cases had a good outcome. <b>Conclusions:</b> TB is a rare cause of infection of bones and joints; however, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of bone lesions. PCR for <i>M. tuberculosis</i> seems to have significantly good results in microbiological confirmation of osteoarticular TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1632733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12122160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cefiderocol-Resistant <i>Elizabethkingia anophelis</i> Bacteremia Following WATCHMAN Implantation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Anna DeFrank, Michael Bosco, Sigridh Muñoz Gómez, Amit Dhaliwal","doi":"10.1155/crdi/5221364","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/5221364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Elizabethkingia anophelis</i> is an emerging pathogen associated with nosocomial and community outbreaks. Treatment of infection caused by <i>E. anophelis</i> is not well-defined given its extensive drug resistance profile, and infection carries a poor prognosis. <i>E. anophelis</i> is intrinsically resistant to many classes of antibiotics including carbapenems and polymyxins due to multiple resistance genes. Resistance to novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors has also been reported. The activity of cefiderocol (FDC) is unknown. Here, we describe a case of FDC-resistant <i>E. anophelis</i> bacteremia following WATCHMAN implantation. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of FDC resistance amongst <i>Elizabethkingia</i> spp.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5221364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12116131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal Outcome of Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis in a Patient With Hidden Visceral Leishmaniasis.","authors":"Ali Mansoursamaei, Maryam Valikhani, Hoofar Rafiee","doi":"10.1155/crdi/3448351","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/3448351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a systemic parasitic disease with diverse clinical manifestations, primarily affecting the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. While renal involvement in VL is well documented, it is often mild and resolves with effective treatment. However, severe renal complications, such as membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), are rare and typically associated with immunocompromised individuals. <b>Case Report:</b> We report the case of a 30-year-old male from a nonendemic region who presented with unusual clinical features of generalized edema and abdominal pain, without the classic signs of VL such as fever or hepatosplenomegaly. Clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and other therapeutic interventions ruled out hepatic and cardiac causes of edema, focusing the diagnosis on nephrotic syndrome and acute kidney injury (AKI). A renal biopsy revealed MPGN, a rare but documented complication of VL. The presence of an autoimmune disease was suspected initially, and the patient was treated with steroids without improvement. The diagnosis of VL was confirmed only after bone marrow biopsy, which identified Leishmania amastigotes. Despite prompt initiation of antileishmanial therapy with liposomal amphotericin B, the patient's renal function continued to diminish, which finally resulted in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The patient later developed pleural and pericardial effusion, pulmonary embolism, and tamponade, ultimately leading to a fatal outcome. <b>Conclusion:</b> This case underscores the importance of considering VL in the differential diagnosis of unexplained renal dysfunction, even in the absence of classic symptoms and in nonendemic regions. It highlights the potential for VL to present with atypical renal manifestations such as MPGN, leading to severe and irreversible renal damage if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Early recognition and intervention are critical to improving outcomes in VL-associated renal disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3448351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12105904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Chromobacterium haemolyticum</i> Infection Subsequent to Experiencing a Traumatic Event in a Rice Field: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Mikiro Kato, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Takuro Uchida","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6547509","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/6547509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of infections caused by <i>Chromobacterium haemolyticum</i>, phylogenetically related however distinct from <i>Chromobacterium violaceum</i>, has increased since its identification in 2008. Differences in their unique microbiological features have been highlighted, particularly regarding their phenotypic distinctions in the colony pigmentation and hemolysis. This is largely due to <i>C. haemolyticum</i> being misidentified as <i>C. violaceum</i>, using the current automated microbial identification systems. However, clinical aspects and outcomes of <i>C. haemolyticum</i> infections remain unclear as few clinically relevant cases have been reported and considered similar to <i>C. violaceum</i> infections. Consequently, we reported an extremely rare case of <i>C. haemolyticum</i> bacteremia, which was initially diagnosed as a <i>C. violaceum</i> infection, however was later confirmed to be a <i>C. haemolyticum</i> infection, using 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequence analysis. Abscess formation was not observed, and the patient was treated with a short course of antibiotics. Ultimately, his condition resolved, without recurrence during the 1-year follow-up. Clinicians should be aware that if the isolated organism is originally identified as <i>C. violaceum</i>, however is phenotypically mismatched with colony nonpigmentation and beta-hemolysis; the organism may be <i>C. haemolyticum</i>. Mortality, abscess formation, and recurrence rates are lower than those of <i>C. violaceum</i>, and chronic broad-spectrum antibiotic suppression may not be required, potentially avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use and preventing multidrug resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6547509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12097872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Throat to Limb: A Novel Case of Compartment Syndrome Following Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis.","authors":"Simar Goyal, Justin Choy, Kendall Wermine, Sidart Pradeep, Khazeema Hafeez, Rusty Milhoan, Lavanya Srinivasan","doi":"10.1155/crdi/5016797","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/5016797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute compartment syndrome is a medical emergency caused by increased pressure within a closed fascial space, leading to tissue ischemia and potential limb loss or death if untreated. While typically secondary to trauma, rare cases have been associated with streptococcal infections. However, no documented case exists of compartment syndrome originating from Group A Streptococcus (GAS) pharyngitis. We present a 35-year-old female, with prediabetes, who presented to the emergency department with worsening right lower extremity (RLE) pain and edema following a febrile illness with pharyngitis. Throat swab on admission and subsequent blood cultures tested positive for beta-hemolytic GAS. Despite initial management for sepsis and cellulitis with myositis, she developed compartment syndrome requiring urgent fasciotomy. Her postoperative course was complicated by hypotension, toxic shock-like syndrome, menorrhagia, and transaminitis, but she ultimately recovered with IV antibiotics and stepwise Jacob's Ladder surgical wound closure. This report serves as the first known case of nontraumatic acute lower extremity compartment syndrome derived from disseminated GAS pharyngitis and may point to the development of novel virulence factor(s) for emerging strains of GAS in the United States. The case underscores the importance of recognizing GAS pharyngitis as a potential source of severe systemic infections, as early identification and aggressive management of invasive GAS infections may help prevent life-threatening complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5016797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12074849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Mycobacterium neoaurum</i> Bacteremia in an Immunocompetent Patient in MICU: The First Reported Case in Qatar.","authors":"Alanoud Alshmarri, Noor Jassim, Hisham Elhiday, Bara Alqudah","doi":"10.1155/crdi/3710417","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/3710417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> <i>Mycobacterium neoaurum</i> is a rare, rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium that typically affects immunocompromised patients and is often associated with catheter-related infections. <b>Case Presentation:</b> We describe a case of <i>Mycobacterium neoaurum</i> bacteremia in an immunocompetent male admitted to the MICU with severe intracerebral hemorrhage. Notably, the infection occurred in the absence of central venous access. The organism was identified using MALDI-TOF MS, and the patient responded microbiologically to a combination antibiotic regimen, although his neurological prognosis remained poor. <b>Conclusion:</b> This is the first documented case of <i>Mycobacterium neoaurum</i> bacteremia in Qatar and one of the few reported cases globally in an immunocompetent patient without conventional risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3710417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12074833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143976626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Diagnosis and Novel Treatment of Eyelid Molluscum Contagiosum.","authors":"Bangtao Yao, Yinling Wu, Chang'an Hu, Bei Wang, Xiaoli Yue","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9730930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crdi/9730930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molluscum contagiosum is an infectious skin disease caused by the molluscum contagiosum virus that affects 6 million people in the United States annually. However, molluscum contagiosum on the eyelid is uncommon. The aim of this article is to describe the clinical diagnosis and effect of curettage using fine forceps under an operating microscope in a patient with eyelid molluscum contagiosum. We reported a patient who presented with a two-month long history of a dome-shaped skin-colored papule with a central umbilication containing white caseous material on the left upper eyelid margin. The patient underwent a complete curettage using fine forceps under an operating microscope. Postoperative histopathology revealed Henderson-Patterson bodies. A diagnosis of eyelid molluscum contagiosum was made. At the 1-week follow-up, his symptoms had resolved completely without scarring. No recurrence was observed at a nine-month follow-up. This novel surgical method may be beneficial and safe for patients with eyelid molluscum contagiosum. Slit-lamp examination is a noninvasive and valuable tool for evaluating this condition. Typical pathological features may help in the diagnosis. Early diagnosis and precise treatment can prevent reinfection and control transmission. This report is particularly relevant to dermatologists and ophthalmologists because it offers valuable insights into a rare localization of molluscum contagiosum and its treatment approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9730930"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12052443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}