Case Reports in Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Fulminant <i>Brucella melitensis</i> Infection Presenting With Severe Cholestatic Hepatitis, Acute Kidney Injury, and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: A Case Report.","authors":"Faruk Yıldız, Esra Manici, Habibe Tülin Elmaslar Mert, Volkan İnal","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6147749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crdi/6147749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brucellosis commonly manifests with fever, arthralgia, and hepatosplenomegaly, whereas severe cholestatic hepatitis is exceedingly rare. We report a 54-year-old goat farmer who presented with a 4-day history of right upper quadrant tenderness, progressive jaundice, and generalized pruritus after consuming unpasteurized milk from his own herd, with which he also had daily close contact. Examination showed scleral icterus and mild lethargy without peritoneal signs. Laboratory investigation revealed profound, predominantly conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (total 25.1 mg/dL, direct 23 mg/dL) with a cholestatic enzyme pattern (alkaline phosphatase 565 U/L, gamma-glutamyl transferase 225 U/L; R factor 0.4) and only mild transaminase elevation, together with acute kidney injury, thrombocytopenia with an elevated mean platelet volume and no platelet aggregates, hypofibrinogenemia, a markedly elevated D-dimer, and scant schistocytes. Thrombotic microangiopathy was initially considered, but a positive direct antiglobulin test, overt coagulopathy, and absent reticulocytosis favored sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation, confirmed by an International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis score of 6. Marked hyperferritinemia prompted consideration of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, which was not substantiated. Cross-sectional abdominal imaging excluded mechanical obstruction and showed hepatosplenomegaly with subcentimeter splenic nodules and no hepatic focal lesions. <i>Brucella melitensis</i> grew from all three blood cultures, and Wright agglutination was positive at a titer of 1/160. Echocardiography excluded endocarditis, and magnetic resonance imaging excluded spondylodiscitis. Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration was required for life-threatening uremia, and doxycycline plus rifampin was administered for 6 weeks, with near-complete biochemical normalization by the end of treatment. Brucellosis should be considered in patients with animal exposure who present with severe cholestatic jaundice and multiorgan involvement, since prompt combination antimicrobial therapy can achieve full recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6147749"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148896630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sepsis Secondary to Crusted Scabies Following Iatrogenic Treatment for Hansen's Disease in an Indigenous Amazonian Patient: A Case Report.","authors":"Ana Beatriz Nardelli da Silva, Maitê Silva Martins Gadelha, Giovanna Lourenço Cei, Adriani Ferreira do Carmo, Arlisson Macedo Rodrigues","doi":"10.1155/crdi/5279255","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/5279255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sepsis secondary to crusted scabies is a rare but life-threatening complication of <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> infestation, particularly in vulnerable and underserved populations. Misdiagnosis with other dermatological conditions may lead to inappropriate treatment and severe outcomes.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>A 50-year-old Indigenous man from the Brazilian Amazon presented with a one-year history of generalized pruritus, diffuse hyperkeratotic and crusted skin lesions, and progressive clinical deterioration.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis interventions and outcomes: </strong>The patient was initially misdiagnosed with Hansen's disease and atopic dermatitis and received prolonged corticosteroid therapy, which exacerbated his condition. Skin scraping confirmed crusted scabies, and blood cultures grew <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, establishing the diagnosis of sepsis secondary to skin infection. He was treated with oral ivermectin, topical 5% permethrin, and systemic antibiotics, with gradual tapering and discontinuation of corticosteroids. The patient achieved complete clinical recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion take‐home message: </strong>This case highlights the critical importance of early recognition of crusted scabies and the risks associated with misdiagnosis and inappropriate immunosuppressive therapy. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent severe complications such as sepsis, particularly in resource-limited and endemic settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5279255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13536483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148879068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed Diagnosis of Rhino-Orbito-Facial Mucormycosis in a Patient With Newly Diagnosed Diabetes and Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Successful Case From a Resource-Limited Setting.","authors":"Filmon Tesfay Riesehaymanot, Ruth Ghirmay Gebregziabiher, Haben Dawit Tewelde, Meron Asheber Gebremicael, Meron Berhane Tesfay","doi":"10.1155/crdi/3763579","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/3763579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rhino-orbito-facial mucormycosis is a rapidly progressive, life-threatening fungal infection that predominantly affects patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, particularly those with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Early diagnosis remains challenging in resource-limited settings because initial manifestations often mimic bacterial sinusitis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 38-year-old woman with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus presenting with left facial pain, swelling, and nasal discharge accompanied by mild DKA. She was initially treated for bacterial maxillary sinusitis with antibiotics and insulin therapy; however, progressive facial necrosis and subsequent orbital involvement prompted surgical debridement and histopathological examination, which confirmed mucormycosis. The patient underwent repeated surgical debridement, conventional amphotericin B therapy, and intensive glycemic control, resulting in complete clinical recovery without recurrence during 3 years of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of mucormycosis in resource-limited settings and emphasizes the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion in diabetic patients whose facial or orbital symptoms worsen despite appropriate antibacterial therapy. Early histopathological confirmation, prompt antifungal treatment, and multidisciplinary management remain essential for improving outcomes, even when advanced diagnostic resources are limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3763579"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13535859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lumbar Epidural Cystic Lesion Associated With <i>Finegoldia magna</i> Discitis Presenting as Cauda Equina Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Michael Doarn, Jessica Chastain, Tantien Nguyen, Odion Binitie, John Small","doi":"10.1155/crdi/9659608","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/9659608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study design: </strong>A case report of a lumbar epidural cystic lesion associated with discitis presenting with cauda equina syndrome.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe a rare presentation of a lumbar epidural cystic lesion associated with <i>Finegoldia magna</i> discitis presenting with cauda equina syndrome, discuss diagnostic considerations, and highlight the overlap between cystic lesions and infectious epidural pathology.</p><p><strong>Summary of background data: </strong>Discal cysts are uncommon epidural lesions that typically communicate with the intervertebral disc and present with radiculopathy. Severe neurological deficits are unusual, but infectious causes should remain in the differential when findings are atypical. When cauda equina syndrome is suspected, emergent diagnosis and treatment are imperative.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 41-year-old male presented with persistent low back pain, bilateral lower extremity radiculopathy, saddle anesthesia, and bowel and bladder changes consistent with cauda equina syndrome. He reported no history of trauma or infectious symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 1.6 × 1.1 cm cystic mass at the L4-L5 disc level that extended into the spinal canal, along with an L5-S1 central disc herniation. He underwent emergent decompression and debridement of the L4-L5 disc space.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histologic examination showed benign fibrocartilaginous tissue compatible with intervertebral disc material, and cultures grew <i>Finegoldia magna</i> (formerly known as <i>Peptostreptococcus magnus</i>). His neurologic symptoms and pain improved immediately after surgery, and he was discharged home on postoperative day four. He was followed clinically and with repeat magnetic resonance imaging, which demonstrated resolution of the cyst and discitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lumbar disc-associated epidural cystic lesions are rare but should be considered in the differential diagnoses in patients with lumbar radiculopathy and/or cauda equina syndrome, and urgent decompression should be performed. This case highlights diagnostic overlap between discal cyst and infectious epidural pathology.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9659608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13527632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</i> as a Causative Organism in Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Case Report.","authors":"Vincent K Melemai, Ryan J Blake, Adam E Klein, Allison M Lastinger","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6158663","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/6158663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Haemophilus parainfluenzae</i> (<i>H. parainfluenzae</i>) is rare in periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). While many cases are associated with a prior history suggestive of an oral source, many occur without an identifiable source or exposure. We review two patients who had concerns for PJI, later identified as <i>H. parainfluenzae</i> through intraoperative cultures.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>Two patients presented with complaints of knee pain. The first, a 54-year-old male, was found on admission to have a knee PJI. The patient underwent debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) and was discharged on intravenous (IV) ceftriaxone after <i>H. parainfluenzae</i> was isolated on culture, with no resistance reported on susceptibilities. However, approximately 4 weeks later, the patient underwent a second DAIR due to persistent swelling and redness; cultures were negative at the time of the second surgery. He was treated with IV vancomycin and cefepime and placed on cefadroxil suppression therapy without additional surgery. The second patient, an 80-year-old male, had a history of prior knee PJI, methicillin-resistant <i>staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) in 2009 and <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> in 2015. He presented with a draining sinus and pain over his knee. Resection arthroplasty and above knee amputation were offered, but he would only consent to DAIR; intraoperative cultures showed <i>H. parainfluenzae</i>. He was treated with IV ceftriaxone postoperatively and then oral suppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Due to increasing resistance in this species worldwide, consideration should be taken when choosing antimicrobial therapy for <i>H. parainfluenzae</i>. From the limited data available, patients with PJI secondary to <i>H. parainfluenzae</i> have a better prognosis compared to PJI with other Gram-negative organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6158663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13522984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Concurrent With Mpox Presenting With Proctitis and Disseminated Skin Lesions: A Case Report.","authors":"Kosuke Sato, Yukihiro Yoshimura, Yuna So, Nobuyuki Miyata, Yuichiro Hirata, Tadaki Suzuki, Harutaka Katano, Naomi Matsumura","doi":"10.1155/crdi/6286604","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/6286604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The concurrent presentation of mpox and acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is uncommon and may be difficult to recognize because the two conditions share nonspecific early manifestations, including fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and pharyngeal symptoms. Mpox-associated anorectal disease may further complicate diagnosis when patients initially present with severe anal pain or proctitis-like findings.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A previously healthy 29-year-old Japanese man presented with fever, malaise, severe anal pain, and disseminated pustular skin lesions. He initially visited a specialized proctology hospital, where lower endoscopic examination demonstrated circumferential ulceration extending from the dentate line into the anal canal, erythematous and edematous rectal mucosa, and firm circumferential submucosal induration. The anorectal lesion was initially considered to represent a hemorrhoidal fistula. He subsequently visited the emergency department and received valacyclovir for suspected herpes simplex virus infection before referral to the infectious diseases department. Mpox was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction testing of skin lesions. In addition, monkeypox virus DNA was detected in the anorectal biopsy specimen, and immunohistochemical staining demonstrated viral antigen in the tissue. HIV testing showed a reactive fourth-generation antigen/antibody screening assay, a negative HIV-1/2 antibody differentiation assay, and a plasma HIV RNA level of 7.9 × 10⁶ copies/mL. Follow-up testing demonstrated HIV seroconversion, confirming acute HIV infection. He was managed as an outpatient, and his mpox symptoms resolved with supportive care. Antiretroviral therapy was subsequently initiated, with no worsening of mpox or evidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Concurrent acute HIV infection and mpox can present with overlapping systemic, cutaneous, and anorectal manifestations. This case highlights the importance of integrating lesion morphology, anorectal findings, epidemiological history, and virological testing when evaluating patients with suspected sexually transmitted viral infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6286604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late-Onset <i>Salmonella</i> Abscess of a Silicone Breast Implant Presenting 40 Years After Augmentation.","authors":"Bennett Schackmuth, Paula Santo, Jonathan Livingston, Jacob Nichols","doi":"10.1155/crdi/7398033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crdi/7398033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a rare case of breast implant infection due to <i>Salmonella</i> species in a 74-year-old woman who underwent breast augmentation in 1985. Forty years later, in 2025, she developed sudden left breast edema, pain, and fever. She denies any previous gastrointestinal symptoms. She was prescribed oral antibiotics without any improvement, and she was subsequently admitted to the hospital and was started on broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. CT scan of the chest revealed dermal thickening of the left breast consistent with cellulitis, a fluid collection concerning for a developing abscess, and a possible implant rupture. She then underwent incision and drainage of the left breast with implant removal. Intraoperative cultures grew 4+ <i>Salmonella</i> species<i>.</i> She was switched to oral levofloxacin for a total of 2 weeks and discharged home with wound care, with subsequent clinical improvement. In our patient, the source of the <i>Salmonella</i> infection is not clear, and it was an unexpected finding. This underscores the important role of obtaining intraoperative cultures in all cases of breast implant infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7398033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13482031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Case of Candidemia With Fluconazole-Resistant <i>Candida albicans</i> and Y132H Mutations in <i>ERG11</i> Gene From Pakistan.","authors":"Nosheen Nasir, Joveria Farooqi, Iffat Khanum, Sadaf Zaka, Shariqa Batool, Najia Ghanchi, Kauser Jabeen","doi":"10.1155/crdi/2911301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crdi/2911301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida albicans</i> is one of the critical priority fungal pathogens as classified by the World Health Organization. Fluconazole resistance in <i>C. albicans</i> is increasingly being reported from different parts of the world. The epidemiology of antifungal resistance in Pakistan is evolving. While fluconazole resistance is rarely reported in invasive candidemia, it has been identified in noninvasive <i>Candida</i> isolates. Here, we describe the first case of candidemia with fluconazole-resistant <i>C</i>. <i>albicans</i> with Y132H mutations in the <i>ERG11</i> gene from Pakistan. A 36-year-old male patient with comorbid conditions, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and a recent history of critical COVID-19 pneumonia, presented to the hospital emergency department with septic shock secondary to Fournier's gangrene. Blood culture confirmed fluconazole-resistant <i>C. albicans</i>. Our case report underscores the urgent need for antifungal stewardship to prevent the escalating issue of antifungal resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2911301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13470679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Vein Thrombosis Secondary to Brucellosis: An Uncommon Infectious Cause of Venous Thrombosis.","authors":"Ghenwa El Dakdouki, Doha Daoud, Roa Osman, Walid Moety, Rim Youssef, Sara Farhat","doi":"10.1155/crdi/5004349","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/5004349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Brucella is a Gram-negative coccobacillus responsible for a zoonotic infection that is endemic in the Mediterranean region, including Lebanon. Although it commonly presents with systemic and musculoskeletal manifestations, vascular complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are rarely reported. This case highlights an uncommon thrombotic complication of brucellosis and contributes to the limited literature on brucellosis-associated DVT, particularly in endemic regions.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a previously healthy 33-year-old male from Bekaa, Lebanon, who presented with prolonged fever and bilateral lower limb pain and swelling. Doppler ultrasound confirmed bilateral DVT. Extensive investigations for thrombophilia, malignancy, and autoimmune diseases were unremarkable. Brucella indirect serology was strongly positive with a titer of 1:1280, confirming active infection. The patient was treated with streptomycin, rifampicin, doxycycline, and anticoagulation therapy, resulting in marked clinical improvement and sustained recovery during a 3-year follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report highlights the importance of considering brucellosis as a cause of unexplained DVT, mainly in endemic regions, especially in the absence of a family history of hypercoagulable disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5004349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13462663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Human <i>Streptococcus canis</i> Bloodstream Infection Linked to Cat Contact: A Case Report and Review of Literature.","authors":"Abdulaziz M Alshalan, Abdullah F Alotaibi, Monirah A Alamash, Sarah S Alangari, Maha M Almohizea, Mazin Barry","doi":"10.1155/crdi/3375049","DOIUrl":"10.1155/crdi/3375049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Streptococcus canis</i> is a rare zoonotic pathogen reported to cause human disease, including skin and soft tissue infections, bloodstream infections, and infective endocarditis. The majority of cases have been linked to contact with dogs, with a paucity of cases related to cats. It is generally susceptible to penicillin and vancomycin but exhibits a high rate of resistance to erythromycin and an inducible resistance to clindamycin.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A man in his sixties presented with fever, chills, and a diabetic foot ulcer that had been exposed to a cat. He was found to have <i>S. canis</i> primary bloodstream infection, which showed a typical susceptibility to beta-lactams and vancomycin, and resistance to clindamycin and macrolides. He was treated with ceftriaxone and had no recurrence at the 3-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>S. canis</i> related to cat exposure is an extremely rare cause of human infection, in such cases, a beta-lactam antimicrobial should be initiated. In individuals with an allergy to beta-lactams, vancomycin should be used with avoidance of macrolides and clindamycin as empirical therapy due to the high resistance rate to these antimicrobials among <i>S. canis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":9608,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Infectious Diseases","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3375049"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}