Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Sample Size Estimations Based on Human Microbiome Temporal Stability Over 6 Months: A Shallow Shotgun Metagenome Sequencing Analysis.","authors":"Semi Zouiouich, Yunhu Wan, Emily Vogtmann, Carolina Porras, Christian C Abnet, Jianxin Shi, Rashmi Sinha","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0839","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biological factors affect the human microbiome, highlighting the need for reasonably estimating sample sizes in future population studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed the temporal stability of fecal microbiome diversity, species composition, and genes and functional pathways through shallow shotgun metagenome sequencing. Using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), we measured biological variability over 6 months. We estimated case numbers for 1:1 or 1:3 matched case-control studies, considering significance levels of 0.05 and 0.001 with 80% power, based on the collected fecal specimens per participant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fecal microbiome's temporal stability over 6 months varied (ICC < 0.6) for most alpha and beta diversity metrics. Heterogeneity was seen in species, genes, and pathways stability (ICC, 0.0-0.9). Detecting an OR of 1.5 per SD required 1,000 to 5,000 cases (0.05 significance for alpha and beta; 0.001 for species, genes, and pathways) with equal cases and controls. Low-prevalence species needed 15,102 cases, and high-prevalence species required 3,527. Similar needs applied to genes and pathways. In a 1:3 matched case-control study with one fecal specimen, 10,068 cases were needed for low-prevalence species and 2,351 for high-prevalence species. For ORs of 1.5 with multiple specimens, cases needed for low-prevalence species were 15,102 (one specimen), 8,267 (two specimens), and 5,989 (three specimens).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Detecting disease associations requires a large number of cases. Repeating prediagnostic samples and matching cases to more controls could decrease the needed number of cases for such detections.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our results will help future epidemiologic study designs and implement well-powered microbiome studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"588-597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change in Metabolic Markers and the Risk of Skin Cancer: Results from the Lifelines Cohort Study in the Netherlands.","authors":"Michael Shimelash, Grigory Sidorenkov, Bert van der Vegt, Mathilde Jalving, Emöke Rácz, Geertruida H de Bock","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1235","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skin cancers are the most common cancers in Caucasians, and their incidence is rising. Although metabolic and anthropometric markers play a role in cancer development, the relationship between metabolic and anthropometric changes in skin cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to examine possible associations between these changes and the risk of skin cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants without prior skin cancer history from the Northern Netherlands representative of the general population were included. Histopathology data were obtained from the Dutch Nationwide Pathology Database. Adjusted Cox regression analyzed associations between metabolic changes and time to pathology-confirmed skin cancer incidence over a 7-year follow-up, assessing overall skin cancer risk and subtypes, including melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 97,106 participants, 4,195 (4.3%) developed skin cancer. Decrease and increase in body mass index (BMI) were both associated with lower skin cancer risk: adjusted HRs (aHR) of 0.88 (0.80-0.98) and 0.78 (0.72-0.86), respectively. Triglyceride and waist-to-hip ratio decreases were also associated with lower risk: aHR: 0.89 (0.80-0.98) and 0.89 (0.83-0.98), respectively. Increase in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was associated with a higher risk in individuals below the age of 45 years at baseline: aHR: 1.21 (1.01-1.45). Subtype analysis showed an increase in BMI was associated with lower melanoma risk: aHR: 0.72 (0.58-0.91).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Changes in BMI and decrease in triglycerides and waist-to-hip ratio are related to lower skin cancer risk, whereas an increase in HbA1c may elevate risk in individuals younger than 45 at baseline. These findings highlight the importance of non-sunlight-related risk factors for skin cancer prevention and the need for further research into underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study contributes to the broader understanding of how metabolic health impacts skin cancer development, offering potential avenues for targeted prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"598-609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Race/Ethnicity on the Association between Neighborhood Deprivation and Breast Cancer Outcomes among Kentucky Patients with Breast Cancer (2010-2022).","authors":"Breyanna Walker, Elinita Pollard, Sydney P Howard, V Morgan Jones, Kathleen L O'Connor, Eric B Durbin, Pamela C Hull, Samantha R Jones, Adebola Adegboyega, Xiaoqin Wang, Wendi A B Owen, Margaret M Szabunio, Lovoria B Williams, Justin X Moore","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1139","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kentucky is within the top five leading states for breast cancer mortality nationwide. This study investigates the association between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and breast cancer outcomes, including surgical treatment, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and survival, and how associations vary by race and ethnicity in Kentucky.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using data from the Kentucky Cancer Registry for patients with breast cancer diagnosed between 2010 and 2017, with follow-up through December 31, 2022. We linked Kentucky Cancer Registry data with census tract data to examine the relationship between area deprivation index (ADI) and breast cancer outcomes. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models analyzed binary outcomes and time-to-event data, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women in the most disadvantaged (ADI fourth quartile) neighborhoods were more likely to be diagnosed at later stages (OR, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.41) and 34% more likely to die from breast cancer (HR, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-1.57) after adjusting for age, race, tobacco use, tobacco pack-years, marital status, insurance status, family history, stage at diagnosis, breast cancer subtype, and residence in Appalachia when compared with women living in the least disadvantaged neighborhoods (ADI first quartile).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women in disadvantaged neighborhoods had significantly higher odds of late-stage diagnosis and breast cancer death, regardless of race, indicating that neighborhood factors contribute to breast cancer disparities.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Socioeconomic and neighborhood factors may contribute to breast cancer outcomes, suggesting the necessity for targeted interventions. Future research should explore the effectiveness of such interventions and investigate additional social determinants contributing to disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"474-482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waist Circumference, a Body Shape Index, and Molecular Subtypes of Colorectal Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Four Cohort Studies.","authors":"Christos V Chalitsios, Georgios Markozannes, Christos Papagiannopoulos, Elom K Aglago, Sonja I Berndt, Daniel D Buchanan, Peter T Campbell, Yin Cao, Andrew T Chan, Niki Dimou, David A Drew, Amy J French, Peter Georgeson, Marios Giannakis, Stephen B Gruber, Marc J Gunter, Tabitha A Harrison, Michael Hoffmeister, Li Hsu, Wen-Yi Huang, Meredith A J Hullar, Jeroen R Huyghe, Brigid M Lynch, Victor Moreno, Christina C Newton, Jonathan A Nowak, Mireia Obón-Santacana, Shuji Ogino, Conghui Qu, Stephanie L Schmit, Robert S Steinfelder, Wei Sun, Claire E Thomas, Amanda E Toland, Quang M Trinh, Tomotaka Ugai, Caroline Y Um, Bethany Van Guelpen, Syed H Zaidi, Neil Murphy, Ulrike Peters, Amanda I Phipps, Konstantinos K Tsilidis","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1534","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Waist circumference (WC) and its allometric counterpart, \"a body shape index\" (ABSI), are risk factors for colorectal cancer; however, it is uncertain whether associations with these body measurements are limited to specific molecular subtypes of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 2,772 colorectal cancer cases and 3,521 controls were pooled from four cohort studies within the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium. Four molecular markers (BRAF mutation, KRAS mutation, CpG island methylator phenotype, and microsatellite instability) were analyzed individually and in combination (Jass types). Multivariable logistic and multinomial logistic models were used to assess the associations of WC and ABSI with overall colorectal cancer risk and, in case-only analyses, to evaluate heterogeneity by molecular subtype, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher WC (ORper 5 cm = 1.06, 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.09) and ABSI (ORper 1-SD = 1.07, 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.14) were associated with elevated colorectal cancer risk. There was no evidence of heterogeneity between the molecular subtypes. No difference was observed regarding the influence of WC and ABSI on the four major molecular markers in proximal colon, distal colon, and rectal cancers, as well as in early- and late-onset colorectal cancers. Associations did not differ in the Jass-type analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher WC and ABSI were associated with elevated colorectal cancer risk; however, they do not differentially influence all four major molecular mutations involved in colorectal carcinogenesis but underscore the importance of maintaining a healthy body weight in colorectal cancer prevention.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>The proposed results have potential utility in colorectal cancer prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"568-577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional associations of neighborhood social and environmental contextual factors with telomere length in male and female health professionals.","authors":"Hari S Iyer, Timothy R Rebbeck, Elise G Elliott, Michelle D Holmes, Immaculata De Vivo, Francine Laden, Jaime E Hart","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Telomere length attrition has been proposed as a mediator through which adverse neighborhood social and environmental context affects cancer risk through stress-related pathways, but associations have been inconsistent. We examined associations between neighborhood social and environmental factors in a population with extensive capture of behavioral factors and comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were pooled from nested case-control studies using blood samples collected in two large prospective US-based cohorts of male (n=3065) and female (n=9993) health professionals. Relative leukocyte telomere length (rLTL) was assayed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and geospatial measures of socioeconomic status, air pollution, green space, and temperature were linked to participants' address at blood draw.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle covariates, no statistically significant associations of rLTL with any of the address-level neighborhood socioeconomic or environmental factors were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large nation-wide cross-sectional study of male and female health professionals in the US, neighborhood social and environmental contextual factors were not associated with telomere length.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Further cross-sectional studies of associations between neighborhood social and environmental factors and telomere length are unlikely to improve understanding of this potential mediating mechanism. Studies with repeated measures may be required.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The breast tumor immune microenvironment of DNA double-strand break repair pathogenic variant carriers is enriched with tumor-associated macrophages.","authors":"Rebecca L Kelly, Yuxi Liu, Alexandra R Harris, Cheng Peng, Yujing J Heng, Gabrielle M Baker, Daniel G Stover, Rulla M Tamimi, Peter Kraft","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately 5% of breast cancer patients have a rare pathogenic germline genetic variant that is associated with increased breast cancer risk. Mutations in more than 12 genes have been associated with hereditary breast cancer risk, many of which are involved in genome stability pathways, including DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. We hypothesized that carriers of DSB repair-related pathogenic variants may have a distinct tumor immune environment that differs from that of non-carriers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized tumor transcriptome data from 559 participants with invasive breast cancer from the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS) and NHSII to infer immune-related gene expression signatures and immune cell abundance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three of the individuals (5.9%) had germline DSB repair-related pathogenic variants in one or more of the following genes: ATM, BARD1, BLM, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CHEK2, FANCC, FANCM, NBN, PALB2, RAD50, RAD51C, and/or RECQL. In covariate-adjusted analyses, DSB repair-related pathogenic variant carrier status was positively associated with both a STAT1 signature (standardized 𝛽 = 0.59, p = 3.5 × 10-3) and inferred M1 macrophage infiltration (standardized 𝛽 = 0.56, p = 1.4 ×10-3). Further, these immune features correlated with other features related to tumor interferon response signaling suggesting this enrichment is occurring in an inflammatory context.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that breast tumors of DSB repair-related pathogenic variant carriers have distinct immune features, which may have therapeutic implications in this high-risk population.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>These results support further characterization of macrophage characteristics and abundance in the breast tumor microenvironment of DSB repair-related pathogenic variant carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in physical activity and mortality risk among Korean cancer survivors: a population-based cohort study.","authors":"Thi Tra Bui, Eunjung Park, Hee-Yeon Kang, Byungmi Kim, Jin-Kyoung Oh","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background The impact of changes in physical activity (PA) post-cancer diagnosis on prognosis remains unclear. This study evaluated mortality risks according to changes in PA from pre-diagnosis to post-diagnosis among cancer survivors. Methods This population-based retrospective cohort study used the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The study included 215,191 participants (125,756 men and 89,435 women) diagnosed with cancer between 2009-2017. PA, measured as the total of various light-, moderate-, and vigorous- intensity activities, was assessed pre- and post-diagnosis. Deaths were ascertained between 2009-2019. All-cause and cancer-specific mortality risks were assessed according to PA changes using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results Post-cancer diagnosis, active patients accounted for 63.30% of men and 55.29% of women, increasing from 54.04% and 43.35% pre-diagnosis. Compared with the consistently inactive group, all-cause mortality risks were significantly lower in patients who became active post-diagnosis (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence intervals]: men, 0.82 [0.79, 0.85]; women, 0.87 [0.82, 0.93]) and in the consistently active group (men, 0.77 [0.74, 0.80]; women, 0.81 [0.76, 0.86]). Lower mortality risks were observed across cancer stages in men and localized/regional stages in women. PA and all-cause mortality had a dose-response association. PA was inversely associated with all-cause or cancer-specific mortality in men with gastric, colorectal, liver, and lung cancers and women with colorectal cancer. Conclusions Being physically active post-diagnosis is associated with reduced all-cause mortality among cancer survivors in a dose-response manner, regardless of pre-diagnosis PA levels. Impact: PA should be promoted as a standard component of cancer care to improve prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-7 is Positively Associated with Age, Obesity, Mortality, and Cancer in Postmenopausal Women.","authors":"Melissa C Orenduff, Carl F Pieper, Emma H Allott, Michael F Coleman, Su Yon Jung, Mara Z Vitolins, Jenifer I Fenton, Chu Chen, Candyce H Kroenke, Fred K Tabung, Ana Barac, Electra D Paskett, Michael N Pollak, Jennifer Hays-Grudo, Shine Chang, Stephen D Hursting","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Predictors of premature death and cancer development are needed to more precisely identify individuals who may warrant preventive intervention. Circulating IGF binding protein-7 (IGFBP7) and, to lesser extent, the IGFBP7/IGF-1 ratio are emerging biomarkers of renal and cardiovascular morbidity. However, their relationships with aging, obesity, mortality and cancer risk remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This hypothesis-generating study investigated plasma IGFBP7, IGF-1, and their ratio as predictors of all-cause mortality, any cancer (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer), obesity-related cancer (composite of 13 cancer types), and breast cancer incidence in a large longitudinal cohort of postmenopausal women. We assessed relationships of each biomarker with age, body mass index (BMI), and each outcome (bivariately and controlling for age, BMI, race, physical activity, education, income, marital status, alcohol intake, smoking, diabetes, and hormone therapy) in 793 Women's Health Initiative-Observational Study participants (mean 19.4 year follow-up).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In adjusted analyses, IGFBP7 increased with age and obesity, and was positively associated with risks of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR)=2.42 (95% CI: 1.37-4.26), p=0.002], any cancer [HR=2.04 (1.05-3.94), p=0.035], and obesity-related cancer [HR=1.58 (0.99-2.51), p=0.053]. Also in adjusted analyses, the IGFBP7/IGF-1 ratio increased with age and was positively associated with all-cause mortality [HR=1.51 (1.14-1.99), p=0.004] and any cancer incidence [HR=5.44 (1.13-26.1), p=0.034].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Plasma IGFBP7 and the IGFBP7/IGF1 ratio are positively associated with age, obesity (IGFBP7 only), mortality, and cancer in postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Plasma IGFBP7 may represent an age- and obesity-sensitive biomarker of increased risk of developing cancer and/or dying prematurely.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genital, oral, and anal type-specific human papillomavirus concordance within individuals and between partners.","authors":"Alissa Moore, Mariam El-Zein, Ann N Burchell, Pierre-Paul Tellier, François Coutlée, Eduardo L Franco","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studying human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype concordance between male and female partners and between multiple anatomical sites can help our understanding of HPV epidemiology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Heterosexual couples aged 18+ formed within the past 6 months attended visits at 0, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months. They answered questionnaires and provided genital, oral, and anal samples for HPV genotyping. We calculated observed/expected (O/E) concordance (with 95% confidence intervals [CI]) between anatomical sites of HPV genotype-specific infections, across all visits and cumulatively (i.e., ever-positivity). We used mixed-effects logistic regression with random intercepts at the person-level to estimate odds ratios (OR) for concordance and to assess predictors of genital HPV detection and partner concordance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within-individual O/E genital/anal concordance was 23.37 (CI: 15.55-38.05) for females and 14.79 (CI: 9.20-43.45) for males, whereas genital/genital O/E concordance between partners was 14.99 (CI: 12.47-18.41). Genital/genital concordance for ever-positivity within couples was substantial: O/E: 10.06 (CI: 8.55-12.12), OR: 70.75 (CI: 43.70-114.56) for females and 67.34 (CI: 41.96-108.06) for males. Significant predictors of genital ever-positivity were one's partner's ever-positivity, OR: 66.2 (CI: 40.96-107.08) in females and 61.53 (CI: 38.19-99.14) in males, and age above the median in females and males, OR: 1.66 (CI: 1.06-2.59) in females and 1.95 (CI: 1.30-2.91) in males. Concordance doubled (OR: 1.96, CI: 1.12-3.46) with occasions of intimacy above the median.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed substantial genital/anal concordance within individuals (particularly females) and genital/genital concordance between partners. Certain sociodemographic and behavioral factors influenced concordance.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Findings shed light on HPV natural history and transmissibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Skin Cancer Risk Reduction Interventions for Young Adults: Findings from a Hybrid Type-II Effectiveness-Implementation Trial.","authors":"Carolyn J Heckman, Elizabeth A Handorf, Anna Mitarotondo, Olga Khavjou, Sharon L Manne, Amy L Yaroch, Karen Glanz","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Engagement in sun protection behaviors is low among young adults (YA, ages 18-25 years). Efficacious sun safety interventions for this at-risk population and information on intervention engagement and costs are needed. The purpose was to conduct secondary analyses examining intervention implementation strategies and outcomes (e.g., engagement), intervention moderators, and costs of three digital interventions to increase sun protection behaviors previously evaluated for effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial (RCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The RCT compared three conditions: a Basic efficacious intervention, an Enhanced version of the intervention, and an educational e-Pamphlet. Sun protection measures, intervention engagement and implementation, putative moderators, and intervention costs were assessed through one year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Engagement (4.6 of 12 modules completed) was similar for Basic and Enhanced. Engagement was significantly associated with sun protection. Men and individuals with lower tanning ability completed more modules than women and those with higher tanning ability. Enhanced was more effective than Basic for men (but not women) through one year. After initial development, both active interventions were similar in cost per person at larger sample sizes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite attempts at enhancement, engagement in Basic and Enhanced was similar. Although all interventions were costly to create, they were less costly to maintain and could be scaled up for dissemination. Based on both engagement and effects on sun protection, the Enhanced intervention would be recommended for men, women, or both.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This digital intervention offers the potential to reduce skin cancer risk in a large population of US YAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}