Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Red meat, poultry, and fish consumption and the risk of liver cancer: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults.","authors":"Chun-Rui Wang, Dong Cai, Kun He, Jie-Jun Hu, Xin Dai, Qian Zhu, Guo-Chao Zhong","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epidemiological evidence on meat consumption and liver cancer risk is limited and inconclusive; moreover, no prospective study has been conducted to investigate this association in China. Hence, we performed this study to examine the associations of red meat, poultry, and fish consumption with the risk of liver cancer in a Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 510,048 Chinese adults aged 30-79 years were included, and were followed up through December 31, 2016. Red meat, poultry, and fish consumption were evaluated using an interviewer-administered laptop-based questionnaire. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for liver cancer incidence were calculated using Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a mean follow-up of 9.94 years, 1906 liver cancer cases were observed. Each 50 g/day increase in red meat (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.49-1.05), poultry (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.83-1.03), and fish (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.85-1.05) consumption was not associated with the risk of liver cancer in the whole study population; however, subgroup analysis revealed an inverse association with poultry consumption in rural residents but not in urban residents (Pinteraction=0.046). The initial associations did not change materially in a series of sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Red meat and fish consumption are not associated with the risk of liver cancer in this Chinese population. The inverse association with poultry consumption in Chinese rural residents should be interpreted with caution.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This is the first prospective study examining the association between meat consumption and the risk of liver cancer in the Chinese population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and colorectal cancer risk in the UK Biobank: Evidence of non-linearity, as well as tumour site- and sex-specificity.","authors":"Joanna Aldoori, Michael A Zulyniak, Giles J Toogood, Mark A Hull","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is unclear. Blood n-3 PUFA concentration is a biomarker of dietary n-3 PUFA intake. We examined the relationship between plasma n-3 PUFA concentrations and CRC risk in UK Biobank (UKBB) participants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed the relationship between tertiles (T) of plasma total n-3 PUFAs and n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels, and overall CRC (also stratified by tumour location and sex) risk. Cox proportional hazards regression models were adjusted for clinical co-variates. Non-linearity was tested by restricted cubic splines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 2,602 incident CRC cases in 234,598 UKBB participants with baseline plasma fatty acid data (mean follow-up 13.4 years). There was an inverse association between the plasma total n-3 PUFA level (T2 hazard ratio [HR] 0.88[95% confidence interval 0.80-0.97] compared with the T1 reference; T3 0.91[0.83-1.00]), as well as the plasma DHA concentration (T2 0.89[0.80-0.98]; T3 0.91[0.82-1.00]), and CRC risk. The relationship was non-linear (P for non-linearity=0.14 [total n-3 PUFAs] and 0.008 [DHA]), with a plateau at the highest n-3 PUFA concentrations. The relationship was more pronounced for proximal colon cancer (T2 0.82[0.69-0.97], T3 0.76[0.64-0.90] for DHA) and was evident for males (T2 0.84[0.74-0.95], T3 0.89[0.78-1.00]), but not females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher plasma n-3 PUFAs are associated with reduced CRC risk in the UKBB.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Non-linearity, tumour site- and sex-specificity of the inverse relationship between plasma n-3 PUFA levels and CRC risk, if confirmed in other diverse populations, have significant implications for nutritional prevention guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-FDX1 Autoantibody as a Potential Biomarker for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Detection.","authors":"Jing Li, Xiaobin Cao, Lulu Zhang, Aichen Liu, Siyu Liu, Fengqi Chen, Yutong Li, Hanke Ma, Wenke Sun, Songyun Ouyang, Liping Dai, Jingjing Liu","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autoantibodies can be readily identified prior to biopsy and may serve as valuable biomarkers for cancer detection. Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) is a key regulator in the process of cuproptosis and affects the prognosis of lung cancer. In this study, we investigated whether the anti-FDX1 autoantibody could serve as a novel biomarker for the detection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1,155 plasma samples were divided into the verification and validation group. The expression levels of the anti-FDX1 autoantibody in 414 patients with NSCLC, 327 patients with benign pulmonary nodules (BPN), and 414 normal controls (NC) were detected using enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to confirm the ELISA results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma anti-FDX1 autoantibody levels were significantly higher in patients with NSCLC than in patients with BPN and NCs in the verification and validation group. The ELISA results were confirmed by western blotting and immunofluorescence. The anti-FDX1 autoantibody distinguished NSCLC from NC and BPN with an area under the curve (95% confidence interval, CI) of 0.806 (0.772-0.839) and 0.627 (0.584-0.670), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated the potential benefits of the anti-FDX1 autoantibody as a novel biomarker for NSCLC detection.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>These findings suggested that the anti-FDX1 autoantibody may facilitate the detection of NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential DNA methylation in the benign and cancerous prostate tissue of African American and European American men.","authors":"Meytal Chernoff, Kathryn Demanelis, Marc Gillard, Dayana Delgado, Kevin J Gleason, Meritxell Oliva, Lin Chen, Anthony Williams, Russell Z Szmulewitz, Donald J Vander Griend, Brandon L Pierce","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>African American (AA) men are at increased risk of prostate cancer (PCa) compared to men of European ancestry (EA). Biological mechanisms, including epigenetics, likely contribute to this disparity, but prior studies have been limited by sample size, candidate gene approaches, or lack of epigenome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To improve our understanding of these mechanisms, we compared DNAm features distinguishing tumor and paired histologically benign tissue from 76 AA and 75 EA PCa patients. We measured genome-wide array-based DNAm data and conducted differential methylation analyses comparing tumor and benign tissue in each ancestry group. We then examined the predictive ability of our identified sites and differential methylation by ancestry group in each tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 90,747 and 98,929 differentially methylated CpGs (dmCpGs) in AA and EA respectively with 76,400 common to both groups. We identified 6,267 genes with differentially methylated promoters common to both ancestries and 639 and 1,301 genes unique to AA and EA respectively as well as differentially methylated pathways. Only 10 CpGs were needed to distinguish tumor from benign based on a receiver operating characteristic curve (area under the curve, AUC>0.9), with dmCpGs in one ancestry predicting tumor vs benign in the other group. We also identified ancestry-associated CpGs (89 in tumor, 423 in benign).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Methylation features distinguishing tumor and benign were similar for EA and AA men; however, subtle differences were identified.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Differences in tumor and ancestry-associated CpGs may reveal differential tumor growth strategies, an important area for future disparities research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and clinical outcomes of childhood central nervous system cancers in a large low-middle income country pediatric oncology center: a report on 5051 kids.","authors":"Eslam Maher, Mohamed Kamal, Moatasem El-Ayadi, Amal Refaat, Abdelrahman Enayet, Mohamed El-Beltagy, Eman Eldebawy, Hala Taha, Madiha Awad, Mohamed S Zaghloul","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. While most cases come from low-middle income countries (LMIC) where their prognosis is worse, few epidemiological studies are conducted in these regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a registry-based cohort study for childhood CNS tumors at Children's Cancer Hospital, Egypt (CCHE) over 15 years. Unified treatment protocols are implemented. Survival analyses were conducted using the Kaplan-Meier function. Cases were additionally annotated using the ICCC-3 classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 5051 children ≤ 18 years old were identified, accounting for 20% of all childhood cancers treated at CCHE. The most common tumor sites were the posterior fossa (36.8%) and the brainstem (17.7%). Pathologies were predominantly astrocytic (n=1360; 26.9%) and embryonal (n=1003; 19.9%) in origin. The 5yr OS and EFS for all cases were 64.6% and 51.8%, respectively. More specifically, 1421 low-grade gliomas were identified, with 5yr OS = 91.1%. Medulloblastoma (n=801) recorded a 5yr OS of 66%. The entity with the worst prognosis was DIPG (n=633) with 5yr OS = 3.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We report on a large number of childhood CNS tumors from a LMIC. This study underscores the need to understand the burden of childhood brain tumors and its outcomes in resource-constrained settings.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study reports on the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of 5000+ children with CNS tumors from a specialized LMIC center. Despite the lack of many sophisticated and advanced facilities, LMIC can improve the clinical end results with experience and augmented efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and the risk of thyroid cancer in Japan: The JPHC Study.","authors":"Marina Tanitame, Manami Inoue, Taiki Yamaji, Motoki Iwasaki, Shoichiro Tsugane, Norie Sawada","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are established causes of cancer, most cohort studies and meta-analyses have reported inverse associations with thyroid cancer (TC) risk. However, epidemiological evidence for this possibility is limited in Asia, where TC histologic type differs from the West. Here, we examined the association between cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption and risk of TC in Japanese.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 101,849 Japanese of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study). Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were assessed at baseline using a self-administered questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean 18.7 years of follow-up, we identified 232 incident cases of TC. The multivariable adjusted HRs (95% CIs) in current cigarette smoking with ≥20 pack-years compared with never smoking were 0.65 (0.39-1.06) and 0.45 (0.23-0.88) combined for both sexes. After detailed adjustment for cigarette smoking, compared with no current alcohol consumption, HRs (95% CIs) were 0.90 (0.61-1.33) for any current consumption and 0.81 (0.33-1.97) for ≥300 g ethanol/week consumption combined for both sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed an inverse association between cigarette smoking and TC in Japan. While an inverse association between alcohol consumption and TC is suggested, the CI was wide and included 1.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Cigarette smoking was shown to be potentially inversely associated with TC in Japanese, providing insight into risk factors in Asians. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant Disparities in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Outcomes by Race/Ethnicity and Sociodemographic Factors.","authors":"Shyam Patel, Mandana Khalili, Amit G Singal, Paulo S Pinheiro, Patricia D Jones, Rebecca G Kim, Vishwajit Kode, Anna Thiemann, Wei Zhang, Ramsey Cheung, Robert J Wong","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1094","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) disproportionately affects racial/ethnic minorities. We evaluated the impact of income and geography on racial/ethnic disparities across the HCC care cascade in the U.S.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using National Cancer Institute registry data spanning 2000-2020, adults with HCC were evaluated to determine race/ethnicity-specific differences in tumor stage at diagnosis, delays and gaps in treatment, and survival. Adjusted regression models evaluated predictors of HCC outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 112,389 adults with HCC, cohort characteristics were as follows: 49.8% non-Hispanic White [NHW], 12.0% African American, 20.5% Hispanic, 16.5% Asian/Pacific Islander, 1.1% American Indian/Alaska Native. Compared to NHW patients, AA patients had lower odds of localized-stage HCC at diagnosis (aOR, 0.84), lower odds of HCC treatment receipt (aOR, 0.77), greater odds of treatment delays (aOR, 1.12), and significantly greater risk of death (aHR, 1.10). Compared to NHW from large-metro areas, AA from large metro areas had 8% higher mortality risk (aHR, 1.08) whereas AA from small-medium metro areas had 17% higher mortality risk (aHR, 1.17) (all P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among a population-based cohort of U.S. adults with HCC, significant race/ethnicity-specific disparities across the HCC care continuum were observed. Lower household income and more rural geography among racial/ethnic minorities are also associated with disparities in HCC outcomes, particularly among AA patients.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our study shows that lower income and less urban/more rural geography among racial/ethnic minorities is also associated with disparities in HCC outcomes, particularly among AA patients with HCC. This contextualizes the complex relationship between sociodemographic factors and HCC outcomes through an intersectional lens.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers of exposure to nicotine and selected toxicants in individuals who use alternative tobacco products sold in Japan and Canada in 2018-2019.","authors":"Connor R Miller, Liane M Schneller-Najm, Noel J Leigh, Thomas Agar, Anne Ck Quah, K Michael Cummings, Geoffrey T Fong, Richard J O'Connor, Maciej L Goniewicz","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Comparisons of nicotine and toxicant exposure between people who use different alternative tobacco products remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, multi-country study analyzed urinary metabolites of nicotine, NNK, and volatile organic compounds (acrolein, acrylamide, acrylonitrile) among established users (n=550) in Japan and Canada. Participants exclusively or concurrently used nicotine vaping products (NVPs; Canada only), heated tobacco products (HTPs; Japan only), and combustible cigarettes (CCs; Japan and Canada), or abstained (Japan and Canada).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All product groups showed substantial nicotine exposure. Both HTPs and NVPs exposed exclusive users to lower toxicant levels than exclusive CC use. Canadian participants who exclusively used NVPs exhibited lower NNK and acrolein exposure but higher acrylamide exposure than Japanese participants who exclusively used HTPs. Concurrent use of CCs alongside alternative products exposed users to higher toxicant levels compared to exclusive use of either alternative product.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exclusive use of alternative tobacco products results in significant nicotine exposure but substantially lower toxicant exposure compared to exclusive CC use. People who use HTPs in Japan may experience higher exposure to nicotine and certain toxicants (NNK, acrolein) than people who use NVPs in Canada. Concurrent use results suggest that partially substituting CCs with alternative products may reduce toxicant exposure, but to a lesser extent than completely transitioning to alternative products.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Exposure patterns between two popular alternative tobacco products differ. The overall toxicant exposure from these products is lower than CCs, providing critical data for regulatory decisions and public health considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where should the cancer control interventions target: A geospatial hotspot analysis for major cancer mortality 2018-2022 in the U.S.","authors":"Chongliang Luo, Saira Khan, Liyan Jin, Aimee S James, Graham A Colditz, Bettina F Drake","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identifying changes in geographical disparities of cancer mortality reveals locations where cancer prevention and control efforts should be focused/targeted. We use recent cancer surveillance data to demonstrate the geographical disparity of major cancer mortality rates in the US and its shift compared to previous data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used the 2018-2022 county-level mortality rates of colorectal, lung, breast and prostate cancer from the CDC mortality data. Counties with suppressed death counts were imputed by spatial regression models. Getis-Ord Gi* statistics were used to evaluate spatial clustering of county mortality. Identified hotspot counties were visualized and compared with literature for hotspot pattern change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3108 US mainland counties were included. Cancer mortality rates were significantly higher in 244 counties for colorectal, 456 for lung, 147 for breast and 180 for prostate. Hotspot areas were central Appalachia (for colorectal and lung), Lower Mississippi Delta (colorectal, breast and prostate), Midwest (colorectal and lung), north Michigan/Wisconsin (lung and prostate), north Florida (lung), and the West (prostate).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>West central Appalachia and Lower Mississippi Delta continue to be hotspots for major cancer types, while previously identified eastern North Carolina/Virginia hotspots shrunk, east Oklahoma and north Florida emerged as the new hotspot for lung cancer, and several hotspots emerged in the West for prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study updated the analyses for geospatial disparity in major cancers' mortality since 2018-illustrating recent changes in the disparity pattern and pinpointing areas that cancer prevention and control efforts should target.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Residential Segregation, Urbanicity, and Population Density on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence among a Low Socioeconomic Population.","authors":"Corianne R Johnson, Sylvie Muhimpundu, Xijing Han, Michael T Mumma, Martha J Shrubsole, Wei Zheng, Lucy B Spalluto, Loren Lipworth, Staci L Sudenga","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is becoming a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States, with notable disparities observed among racial and ethnic minorities. The objective of this study is to examine the association between social determinants of health (SDoH) and HCC incidence by race (White and Black individuals) using data from the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SCCS is a prospective cohort study with participants recruited from 2002 to 2009. Incident HCC cases were identified during follow-up. Exposure measures, including residential segregation, social vulnerability, population density, rurality, and poverty, were assessed at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios associated with SDoH by race with the adjustment of known HCC risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 79,367 eligible participants, there were 491 incident HCC diagnosed, 378 of which were in Black individuals. In Black individuals, increased population density and urban residency were associated with an increased risk of HCC, even after adjusting for potential confounders (HR=1.49, 95%CI 1.04-2.13, HR= 1.70, 95%CI 1.20-2.41, respectively). In White individuals living in the least segregated areas (HR=2.83, 95%CI 1.39-5.78) and in urban settings (HR=2.34, 95%CI 1.17-4.65) had an increased HCC risk, while population density was not associated with risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found that individuals residing in urban populations had an increased risk of HCC. These findings underscore the complex interplay of SDoH factors and geographic influences on HCC disparities.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and further research to address HCC health inequities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}