Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Urinary Levels of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Breast Density in Young Women.","authors":"Jennifer E Carroll, Hannah E Guard, David March, Kathleen F Arcaro, Carin Huset, Raji Balasubramanian, Despina Kontos, Susan R Sturgeon","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) found in many household and personal care products have hormonal properties and effects on the mammary gland. It is unclear whether urinary concentrations of EDCs are associated with higher percent breast density, a major risk factor of breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study of 97 college-aged women. We quantified individual levels of bisphenol A, bisphenol S, bisphenol F, triclosan, triclocarban, 3-benzophenone, seven phthalate metabolites, four parabens, and two other phenols in three 24-hour urine samples combined into a single pooled sample. Each woman had non-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess percent breast density. Associations between estimated concentrations of individual EDCs and percent breast density were analyzed using adjusted linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no evidence of statistically significant increases in mean percent breast density in the middle or highest tertile for any EDC measured. There was a suggestion that the mean percent breast density was elevated in individuals in the middle and highest tertile level of ethyl-paraben compared to those in the lowest tertile, with a relative increase in mean percent breast density of 16% (β ̂=1.16, 95%CI: 0.92-1.46) in tertile 2 and 24% (β ̂=1.24, 95%CI: 0.99-1.57) in tertile 3, relative to tertile 1 (ptrend=0.07). Similar trends in percent breast density were observed for methyl-, propyl-, and butyl-paraben.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Urinary levels of EDCs were not associated with percent breast density in college-aged women.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>The estimated effect of EDCs on the breast tissue of young women is unclear and warrants larger studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly sensitive DNA testing of Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) in colorectal tumors.","authors":"Meredith Aj Hullar, Orsalem J Kahsai, Courtney Hill, Lisa Levy, Rachel C Malen, Keith R Curtis, Hamza Ammar, Arthur Sillah, Adriana M Reedy, Johanna W Lampe, Shuji Ogino, John D Potter, Polly A Newcomb, Amanda I Phipps","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) has been associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), poorer CRC survival, and tumor attributes. Accurate and sensitive detection of Fn in tumor tissue is critical to evaluating their role in CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay for detecting Fn, using the transcription termination/anti-termination gene (nusG) normalized for host tissue (solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1, SLCO2A1). We assayed Fn(nusG), in matched tumor and normal tissue, for 613 participants in the Seattle site of the Colon Cancer Family Registry (SCCFR). We used logistic regression to determine the odds of Fn enrichment in tumor tissue according to tumor site and stage, adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The limit of quantitation for Fn(nusG) was 4.1 copies/10 ng host tissue. Detection of Fn was quenched and more poorly detected at low levels in FFPE tissues using qPCR. There was low agreement between qPCR and ddPCR (Cohen's kappa = 0.46). Fn(nusG) was detected in tumor (21%) and normal (10%) tissue and enriched in 19% of tumors. Individuals with tumors enriched in Fn were more likely to be female (59% vs. 48%, respectively, p=0.04) with proximal colon tumors (57% vs 43%, p=0.026). In multivariable-adjusted analyses, proximal colon tumors were significantly associated with Fn enrichment (odds ratio vs. rectal tumors: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.11 to 3.24).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We established a sensitive and specific method to detect Fn enrichment in human tissues.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>ddPCR enhanced detection of Fn(nusG) for studies targeting tumor-associated bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Insecurity and Clinical Biomarkers of Inflammation among Cancer Survivors in the All of Us Research Program.","authors":"Cecily A Byrne, Sage J Kim, Greg Kopetsky, Evgenia Karayeva, Vanessa M Oddo","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Food insecurity is associated with a 40% increase in the prevalence of chronic conditions, including cancer. Stress-evoked inflammation is a hypothesized mechanism driving these associations. This study tested the association between food insecurity and inflammation in cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our sample included individuals with a history of lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer from the All of Us Research Program. Food insecurity was measured using validated questions, and inflammatory biomarkers were obtained from electronic health records (EHR). Our primary analysis tested the association between food insecurity and c-reactive protein (CRP; n=413) using multivariable regression models, controlling for sociodemographics and current cancer treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The primary cohort was 69.8 ± 9.5 years in age, 61.0% female, 89.3% non-Hispanic White, and 9.9% had food insecurity. A higher proportion of racial/ethnic minorities (40.8%) and individuals with lower annual household income (33.3%) and education (29.4%) had food insecurity. Mean CRP was higher among those with food insecurity (14.5 ± 18.5) than food secure individuals (10.4 ± 17.8), but it was not significantly associated with CRP in our fully adjusted models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer survivors had moderate levels of inflammation measured by CRP; however, food insecurity was not associated with CRP in fully adjusted models.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>In this cohort, there was no association between food insecurity and CRP; however, given that food insecurity and inflammation are plausible contributors to chronic disease, future studies should include underrepresented survivors with EHR data and a broader range of cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Efficacy of Cervical HPV-HR DNA Testing as Alternative to PET/CT Imaging for Post-Treatment Cancer Surveillance: Retrospective Proof of Concept Study.","authors":"Cameron Huddleston, Chinnadurai Mani, Naresh Sah, Emerald Courtney, Kimberly Reese, Stephanie Stroever, Komaraiah Palle, Mark B Reedy","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-risk-human papillomaviruses (HPV-HR) are implicated in over 99% of cervical/vaginal malignancies. Despite this strong association, current guidelines recommend Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) imaging over HPV-HR DNA testing as the standard prognostic tool following definitive therapy. This retrospective, single-institution, proof-of-concept study evaluated HPV-HR DNA testing as a potential alternative to PET/CT imaging for post-treatment surveillance in cervical and vaginal cancers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female patients with cervical or vaginal cancer treated between 2010 and 2023 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Eligible patients had complete documentation of pre- and post-treatment PET/CT imaging and HPV-HR DNA testing. Of over 100 patients identified, only 53 met the inclusion criteria and both radical hysterectomy and chemoradiation patients were included. Statistical analyses, including sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, were conducted using STATA, with significance set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-treatment HPV-HR DNA testing demonstrated a superior sensitivity (92.31%) and negative predictive value (97.44% NPV) compared to PET/CT imaging (76.92% sensitivity, 92.31% NPV). While PET/CT imaging maintained higher specificity over HPV-HR DNA testing (100% vs. 95%) and positive predictive value (100% vs. 85.71%), HPV-HR DNA testing offers a more sensitive and cost-effective method for identifying patients requiring further evaluation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HPV-HR DNA testing is a promising, cost-effective surveillance tool with higher sensitivity and NPV than PET/CT. Its clinical use may reduce PET/CT need, improve safety, and lower costs, requiring further validation.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>HPV-HR DNA testing offers a cost-effective alternative to PET/CT, reducing costs, unnecessary imaging, and improving accessibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rurality of Residence and Distance to Clinic is a Risk Factor for Non-Engagement in Childhood Cancer Survivor Care.","authors":"Liberty F Strange, Rebecca S Williamson Lewis, Xu Ji, Karen E Effinger","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at risk of chronic health conditions due to cancer and its treatment. Cancer survivor programs offer screening; however, there are disparities in care. Rurality has been understudied; thus we examined whether rural CCS are at increased risk for non-engagement in survivor care compared to urban counterparts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis of an institutional CCS cohort evaluated non-initiation of survivor care within 3 years of eligibility and non-continuation (i.e., no subsequent visit within 18 months of an initial visit). Rurality was defined using Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes. Distance from clinic was defined as near (<25 miles) or far (≥25 miles). Outcomes were compared among rural versus urban and urban-near, urban-far, and rural-far CCS using multivariable logistic regressions and cumulative event analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,515 CCS, 10.7% were rural. Compared with urban CCS, rural CCS had higher odds of survivor care non-initiation (27% vs. 35%, aOR 1.55 [1.06-2.23]) and non-continuation (23% vs. 32%, aOR 1.87 [1.17-2.93]). When including distance, rural-far and urban-far survivors were more likely to not initiate care compared with urban-near survivors (rural-far aOR 1.95 [1.30-2.90], urban-far 1.66 [1.28-2.15]), while only rural-far CCS were more likely to not continue care (aOR 2.14 [1.26-3.56]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A higher proportion of rural CCS did not initiate or continue survivor care compared to urban-near CCS. Rurality and distance to clinic is important in survivor care.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This analysis reveals that rural CCS are at risk for disparate care. Further studies are needed to determine barriers to care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between waist circumference, body mass index, HDL cholesterol level, and risk of chronic myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Ka Young Kim, Kyungdo Han, Sung-Eun Lee","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Emerging evidence suggests that obesity and lipid profiles may be associated with the development of hematologic malignancies. However, their specific roles in the risk of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) remain unclear. This study investigated the associations of waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels with the risk of CML in a large population-based cohort. Methods A total of 3,879,560 adults from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database were followed from 2009 to 2020. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident CML, adjusting for potential confounders. Results During a mean follow-up of 10.13 ± 1.24 years, 848 incident CML cases were identified. In women, WC ≥ 95 cm was associated with increased CML risk (aHR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.19-3.20), as was BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² (aHR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.23-3.16), compared with reference categories. Higher HDL-C levels were inversely associated with CML risk: Quartile 3 (aHR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.62-0.92) and Quartile 4 (aHR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67-0.99) relative to Quartile 1. Conclusions Larger WC and higher BMI were associated with increased CML risk, particularly in women, whereas higher HDL-C levels were associated with reduced risk, especially in men. Impact These findings indicate that central and general obesity, along with lipid profiles, may be associated with CML risk. Further research is warranted to investigate the potential impact of modifying these factors on CML risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nativity and Healthy Lifestyle Index in a Pooled Cohort of Female Breast Cancer Survivors from Northern California.","authors":"Rhonda-Lee Aoki, Stacey E Alexeeff, Bette J Caan, Lawrence H Kushi, Scarlett Lin Gomez, Jacqueline M Torres, Alison J Canchola, Brittany N Morey, Candyce H Kroenke","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the US, breast cancer (BC) is common in Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic White (NHW) women, many of whom are immigrants. A healthy lifestyle is vital to survival, but it is unknown how lifestyle varies by nativity among survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 4,754 racially diverse, female BC survivors from the Northern California, Exploring Networks in a Cohort of Latina and Asian Emigrants, lifestyle, and Vital status (ENCLAVE) Study. We generated a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) based on World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention recommendations. Log-binomial regression models, controlling for socio-demographics, were used to evaluate associations between nativity and the highest tertile of HLI, as well as the optimal category of each HLI component.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Foreign-born (vs. US-born) women were more likely to have a high HLI (prevalence ratio (PR)=1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31-1.59). In stratified models, we observed stronger associations among Hispanic (PR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.39-2.24) and Asian (PR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.32-1.94) vs. NHW (PR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.08-1.47) women (p-interaction=0.02). Foreign-born (vs. US-born) women were more likely to have a waist circumference<31.5 inches (PR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.03-1.37); be normal-weight (PR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.11-1.37); never smoke (PR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.06-1.17); and consume no sweets (PR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.21-1.70), low red meat (PR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.33-1.60), and high fruits and vegetables (PR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.32-1.62).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among women diagnosed with BC, foreign-born women had a healthier lifestyle than US-born women.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Lifestyle differences by nativity in BC survivors may help clarify prognostic differences by nativity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Associations with Epidemiologic Factors by High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Gene Expression Subtypes.","authors":"Lindsay J Collin, Kara L Cushing-Haugen, Kathryn L Terry, Ellen L Goode, Anna H Wu, Holly R Harris, Naoko Sasamoto, Daniel W Cramer, Francesmary Modugno, Esther Elishaev, Zhuxuan Fu, Kirsten B Moysich, Peter A Fasching, Celeste Leigh Pearce, Usha Menon, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Simon A Gayther, Nicolas Wentzensen, Marc T Goodman, Joshy George, Aline Talhouk, Michael S Anglesio, Susan J Ramus, David D L Bowtell, Shelley S Tworoger, Joellen M Schildkraut, Penelope M Webb, Jennifer A Doherty","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1143","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) comprise four distinct molecular subtypes based on mRNA expression patterns, with differential survival. Understanding risk factor associations is important to elucidate the etiology of HGSC. We investigated associations between different epidemiologic risk factors and HGSC molecular subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We pooled data from 11 case-control studies with epidemiologic and tumor gene expression data from custom NanoString CodeSets developed through a collaboration within the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis consortium. The PrOTYPE-validated NanoString-based 55-gene classifier was used to assign HGSC gene expression subtypes. We examined associations between epidemiologic factors and HGSC subtypes in 2,070 cases and 16,633 controls using multivariable-adjusted polytomous regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2,070 HGSC cases, 556 (27%) were classified as C1.MES, 340 (16%) as C5.PRO, 538 (26%) as C2.IMM, and 636 (31%) as C4.DIF. The key factors, including oral contraceptive use, parity, breastfeeding, and family history of ovarian cancer, were similarly associated with all subtypes. Heterogeneity was observed for several factors. Former smoking [OR = 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03, 1.51] and genital powder use (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.08, 1.86) were uniquely associated with C2.IMM. History of endometriosis was associated with C5.PRO (OR = 1.46; 95% CI = 0.98, 2.16) and C4.DIF (OR = 1.27; 95% CI = 0.94, 1.71) only. Family history of breast cancer (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.16, 1.78) and current smoking (OR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.11, 1.76) were associated with C4.DIF only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study observed heterogeneous associations of epidemiologic and modifiable factors with HGSC molecular subtypes.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>The different patterns of associations may provide key information about the etiology of the four subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"762-773"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12046315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Genetic Liability to Allergic Diseases with Overall and Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Saleh Alduhayh, Ruhina Shirin Laskar, Xia Jiang, Zhaozhong Zhu, Emma E Vincent, Andrei-Emil Constantinescu, Daniel D Buchanan, Robert C Grant, Amanda I Phipps, Hermann Brenner, Wen-Yi Huang, Sun-Seog Kweon, Li Li, Rachel Pearlman, Sergi Castellví-Bel, Stephen B Gruber, Christopher I Li, Andrew Pellatt, Elizabeth A Platz, Bethany Van Guelpen, Wei Zheng, Andrew T Chan, Jane C Figueiredo, Shuji Ogino, Cornelia M Ulrich, Marc J Gunter, Philip Haycock, Gianluca Severi, Neil Murphy, Niki Dimou","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0970","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The tumor immunosurveillance theory supports that allergic conditions could decrease cancer risk. However, observational evidence yielded inconsistent results for the association between allergic diseases and colorectal cancer risk. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine potential causal associations of allergies with the risk of overall and early-onset colorectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome-wide association study summary statistical data were used to identify genetic variants associated with allergic diseases (Nvariants = 65) and individual allergic conditions (asthma, hay fever/allergic rhinitis, and eczema). Using two-sample MR, we examined these variants in relation to incident overall (Ncases = 52,775 cases) and early-onset colorectal cancer (Ncases = 6,176). The mediating role of white blood cells was examined using multivariable MR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In inverse-variance-weighted models, genetic liability to allergic diseases was inversely associated with overall {OR per log (odds) = 0.90 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.85-0.96]; P < 0.01} and early-onset colorectal cancer [OR = 0.83 (95% CI, 0.73-0.95); P = 0.01]. Similar inverse associations were found for hay fever/allergic rhinitis or eczema, whereas no evidence of association was found between liability to asthma-related phenotypes and colorectal cancer risk. Multivariable MR adjustment for eosinophils weakened the inverse associations for liability to allergic diseases for overall [OR = 0.96 (95% CI, 0.89-1.03); P = 0.26] and early-onset colorectal cancer [OR = 0.86 (95% CI, 0.73-1.01); P = 0.06].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study supports a potential causal association between liability to allergic diseases, specifically hay fever/allergic rhinitis or eczema, and colorectal cancer, possibly at least in part mediated via eosinophil counts.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our results provide evidence that allergic responses may also have a role in immunosurveillance against colorectal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"722-736"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12046324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Metabolic Syndrome a Risk Factor for Skin Cancer? A UK Biobank Observational and Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Emily A M Black, Claudia Allemani, Tom Dudding","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1388","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skin cancers are the third most common cancer worldwide, with incidence increasing. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. More than one in five individuals have MetS, and it is linked with at least 14 different cancers. This study aimed to investigate whether MetS is a risk factor for skin cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted in the UK Biobank. The association between MetS and skin cancer was investigated using multivariable Poisson regression. To investigate causality, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted using summary-level genome-wide association study data from the UK Biobank (MetS) and FinnGen (skin cancer).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 467,919 participants were included; 26.7% had MetS. Follow-up was for up to 10.8 years. MetS showed a moderately sized protective effect on basal-cell carcinoma, whereas the effect for squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma crossed the null. Overall, MR found there was some weak evidence for increased odds of skin cancer in those with MetS [OR = 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.14)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The observational study identifies a moderately sized protective effect of MetS on basal-cell carcinoma with MR evidence suggesting a weak causal effect in the opposite direction.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study has found little-to-no effect of MetS on skin cancer despite links between MetS and at least 14 other cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"641-648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}