Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Contribution of Prediagnostic Host Factors to Shaping the Stromal Microenvironment of Breast Cancer among Sub-Saharan African Women.","authors":"Mustapha Abubakar, Thomas U Ahearn, Maire A Duggan, Scott Lawrence, Ernest K Adjei, Joe-Nat Clegg-Lamptey, Joel Yarney, Beatrice Wiafe-Addai, Baffour Awuah, Seth Wiafe, Kofi Nyarko, Francis S Aitpillah, Daniel Ansong, Stephen M Hewitt, Louise A Brinton, Jonine D Figueroa, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Lawrence Edusei, Nicolas Titiloye","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0390","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The stromal microenvironment (SME) is integral to breast cancer biology, impacting metastatic proclivity and treatment response. Emerging data indicate that host factors may impact the SME, but the relationship between prediagnostic host factors and SME phenotype remains poorly characterized, particularly among women of African ancestry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a case-only analysis involving 792 patients with breast cancer (17-84 years) from the Ghana Breast Health Study. High-accuracy machine-learning algorithms were applied to standard H&E-stained images to characterize SME phenotypes [including percent tumor-associated connective tissue stroma, Ta-CTS (%); tumor-associated stromal cellular density, Ta-SCD (%)]. Associations between prediagnostic host factors and SME phenotypes were assessed in multivariable linear regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Decreasing Ta-CTS and increasing Ta-SCD were associated with aggressive, mostly high-grade tumors (P-value < 0.001). Several prediagnostic host factors were associated with Ta-SCD independently of tumor characteristics. Compared with nulliparous women, parous women had higher levels of Ta-SCD [mean (standard deviation, SD) = 31.3% (7.6%) vs. 28.9% (7.1%); P-value = 0.01]. Similarly, women with a positive family history of breast cancer had higher levels of Ta-SCD than those without family history [mean (SD) = 33.0% (7.5%)] vs. 30.9% (7.6%); P-value = 0.03]. Conversely, increasing body size was associated with decreasing Ta-SCD [mean (SD) = 31.6% (7.4%), 31.4% (7.3%), and 30.1% (8.0%) for slight, average, and large body sizes, respectively; P-value = 0.005].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Epidemiological risk factors were associated with varying degrees of stromal cellularity in tumors, independently of clinicopathological characteristics.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>The findings raise the possibility that epidemiological risk factors may partly influence tumor biology via the stromal microenvironment. See related In the Spotlight, p. 459.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"462-473"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical redlining and all-cause survival after breast cancer diagnosis.","authors":"Sarah M Lima, Tia M Palermo, Furrina F Lee, Tabassum Z Insaf, Helen C S Meier, Lili Tian, Henry Louis Taylor, Deborah O Erwin, Heather M Ochs-Balcom","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Historical redlining was a 1930s residential segregation policy, where neighborhoods were graded according to race, class, and land-use. As contemporary neighborhood profiles differ according to historical redlining grade, historical redlining may contribute to current breast cancer disparities. We evaluated whether historical redlining grade is associated with overall 5-year survival in a cohort of breast cancer cases in New York State (NYS). We hypothesize worse redlining grade is associated with lower survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This NYS Cancer Registry-based cohort included 60,773 breast cancer cases diagnosed 2008-2018 and in a census tract at diagnosis with a historical redlining grade. Cases were assigned a grade: A (\"best\") to D (\"hazardous\"). Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HR) for 5-year mortality associated with historical redlining grade. We stratified models by case factors and neighborhood characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five-year survival displayed a significant gradient with historical redlining (P<0.001). Compared to A-grade, residence in B-grade, C-grade, and D-grade neighborhood was associated with a 29%, 37%, and 64% increase in mortality, respectively (P<0.001). Associations persisted after adjustment for health insurance and treatments. Elevated risk associated with D-grade was specifically observed among non-Hispanic White cases, local and regional stage, hormone receptor-positive tumors, non-triple negative cases, and across neighborhood characteristics. We found significant interaction with redlining grade for race/ethnicity and neighborhood characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Historical redlining was associated with progressively lower survival for each grade among breast cancer cases. Associations are not fully explained by healthcare factors or contemporary neighborhood characteristics.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Historical redlining has lasting effects on contemporary breast cancer survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducibility of Plasma Metabolome Over 1 Year in a Population-based Cohort of Black Breast Cancer Survivors.","authors":"Bo Qin, Madhir Vyas, Steven C Moore, Xiaoyang Su, Eileen P White, Coral Omene, Tengteng Wang, Mi-Hyeon Jang, Kitaw Demissie, Chi-Chen Hong, Elisa V Bandera","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The metabolomics approach using blood samples from epidemiological studies has the potential to elucidate pathways or uncover biomarkers for breast cancer (BC) outcomes. Therefore, understanding the within-person reproducibility of the blood metabolome and the factors that influence metabolite levels over time in BC survivors are crucial, but these remain largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We estimated the within-person reproducibility of plasma metabolites in 61 Black BC survivors from the Women's Circle of Health Follow-Up Study. Samples were collected from each participant at two time points, approximately two and three years post-diagnosis. Untargeted metabolomic profiles were analyzed by Metabolon using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We calculated the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for each metabolite by dividing the between-person variance by the total variance. ICCs were compared across preanalytical factors (e.g., fasting) and participant characteristics using the Wilcoxon test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 857 named metabolites, the median ICC was 0.58 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.44-0.70). 16.6% of the metabolites showed high within-person reproducibility (ICC≥0.75), spanning all metabolite classes, while 65.6% had an ICC within 0.4-0.75, and 17.9% had an ICC<0.4. Reasonable ICCs were also observed for non-fasting samples (median 0.53, IQR: 0.39-0.67), although lower than those for fasting samples (median 0.63, IQR: 0.45-0.77). ICCs were slightly lower in younger, non-obese participants and in women with estrogen receptor-positive BC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The within-person reproducibility of plasma metabolites over 1 year among BC survivors was generally acceptable.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>A single-time-point measurement could be useful in evaluating associations between metabolites and breast cancer outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absolute Risk Prediction for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Adaptable to Regional Disease Burden across Diverse Regions.","authors":"Mengfei Liu, Yi Huang, Hongrui Tian, Chuanhai Guo, Zhen Liu, Anxiang Liu, Haijun Yang, Fenglei Li, Liping Duan, Lin Shen, Qi Wu, Chao Shi, Yaqi Pan, Fangfang Liu, Ying Liu, Huanyu Chen, Zhe Hu, Hong Cai, Zhonghu He, Yang Ke","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1465","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) exhibits a long latency period and has a significant geographic disparity in incidence, which underscores the need for models predicting the long-term absolute risk adaptable to the regional disease burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 31,883 participants in a large-scale population-based screening trial (Hua County, China) were enrolled to develop the model. Severe dysplasia and above cases identified at screening or follow-up were defined as the outcome. We calculated the absolute risk in three steps: (i) constructing a relative risk model using logistic regression, (ii) calculating the age-specific baseline hazard, and (iii) adjusting for the competing risk of all-cause death excluding ESCC. Flexible incidence rate parameters were integrated into the model to ensure its relevance across diverse regions worldwide.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 295 severe dysplasia and above cases were detected. The relative risk model consisted of old age, male gender, an irregular meal pattern, a preference for hot or hard food, a BMI of less than 22 kg/m2, and ESCC family history. The AUC was 0.753 (95% confidence interval, 0.749-0.757). The averaged 5-and 10-year absolute risk were 0.53% and 1.30% among participants. Based on our model, we developed an online calculator and incorporated flexible incidence rate parameters, demonstrating ideal risk stratification tailored to regions with varying disease burdens (https://pkugenetics.shinyapps.io/escc_risk_prediction/).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We developed an absolute risk model to predict individualized long-term risk of ESCC, accounting for the local disease burden.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This model has the potential to mitigate the global burden of ESCC by enabling targeted screening and personalized prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"510-517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulin and Insulin-like Growth Factor and Risk of Postmenopausal Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer: A Case-Cohort Analysis.","authors":"Frances E M Albers, Christopher T V Swain, Makayla W C Lou, S Ghazaleh Dashti, Sabina Rinaldi, Vivian Viallon, Amalia Karahalios, Kristy A Brown, Marc J Gunter, Roger L Milne, Dallas R English, Brigid M Lynch","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1304","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) increases postmenopausal breast cancer risk, but evidence for insulin and c-peptide is limited. Furthermore, not all studies have accounted for potential confounding by biomarkers from other biological pathways, and not all were restricted to estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a case-cohort study of 1,223 postmenopausal women (347 with ER-positive breast cancer) from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. We measured insulin, c-peptide, IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, and biomarkers of inflammatory and sex-steroid hormone pathways. Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator was used to estimate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for ER-positive breast cancer per doubling plasma concentration and for quartiles, without and with adjustment for other, potentially confounding biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ER-positive breast cancer risk was not associated with doubling of insulin (RR = 0.97, 95% CI, 0.82-1.14) or c-peptide (RR = 1.01, 95% CI, 0.80-1.26). Risk seemed to decrease with doubling IGF-1 (RR = 0.80, 95% CI, 0.62-1.03) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (RR = 0.62, 95% CI, 0.41-0.90). RRs were not meaningfully different when exposures were modeled as quartiles. RRs were less than unity but imprecise after adjustment for inflammatory and sex-steroid hormone biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Circulating insulin, c-peptide, and IGF-1 were not positively associated with risk of ER-positive breast cancer in this case-cohort analysis of postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Associations between insulin and c-peptide and risk of ER-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women are likely to be weak.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"541-549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142977621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in prostate-specific antigen levels by age, adiposity, race and ethnicity, and genetic risk: Implications for prostate cancer screening.","authors":"Kevin H Kensler, Shakuntala Baichoo, Mathias Nuris-Souquet, Faith Morley, Michelle Lee-Bravatti, Pranoti Pradhan, Charlotte Roscoe, Barbra A Dickerman, Hari S Iyer, Timothy R Rebbeck","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The benefits:harms ratio of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based prostate cancer screening may be improved through implementation of PSA reference ranges that consider innate individual characteristics. We evaluated variation in PSA levels by factors that may influence PSA levels among men eligible to undergo prostate cancer screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified men aged 40-79 years in the All of Us Research Program who had no history of prostate cancer or elevated PSA at cohort enrollment. PSA distributions were compared across age groups, self-identified race or ethnicity (SIRE), body mass index (BMI), polygenic risk score (PRS) for prostate cancer risk (PRSPC), and PRS for PSA level (PRSPSA). Multivariable associations between these factors and PSA percentiles were evaluated using quantile regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 13,749 eligible men, 95th percentiles (p95) of PSA values increased with age (40-49: 1.81 ng/mL, 50-59: 3.23 ng/mL, 60-69: 4.15 ng/mL, 70-79: 5.53 ng/mL). p95 of PSA was 0.83 ng/mL lower (95% CI 0.44-0.1.22) among participants with BMI 35-39 kg/m2 vs. <25 kg/m2. p95 of PSA was 2.32 ng/mL higher (95% CI 1.20-3.44) among those with PRSPC >90th percentile vs. ≤50th percentile and 1.21 ng/mL higher (95% CI 0.50-1.92) among males with PRSPSA >90th percentile vs. ≤50th percentile. SIRE was not consistently associated with PSA levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PSA levels vary by age, BMI, and PRS but not SIRE. Further work is needed to understand how tailoring PSA reference ranges based on these characteristics would affect screening outcomes.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Consideration of factors that endogenously influence PSA levels may lead to improved benefits:harms of prostate cancer screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body Composition at Diagnosis and Early Response in Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma.","authors":"Aman Wadhwa, Chen Dai, Sandra Kessel, Joshua S Richman, Wei Shen, Justine M Kahn, Sharon M Castellino, Kara M Kelly, Debra L Friedman, Smita Bhatia","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1231","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between skeletal, muscle, and adipose tissue (body composition) and early response using PET in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma remains unstudied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients enrolled on Children's Oncology Group studies AHOD0031 (intermediate-risk Hodgkin lymphoma) and AHOD0831 (high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma) with digital abdominal CT scans at diagnosis and PET scans after 2 cycles (PET2) were included. Two consecutive slices at the third lumbar vertebra were identified, and skeletal muscle index (SMI; in cm2/m2) and total adipose tissue index (TATI; in cm2/m2) were calculated using sliceOmatic and height at diagnosis. SMI and TATI were divided into quintiles [Q1 (lowest) to Q5 (highest)]. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using height and weight at diagnosis. The association between baseline body composition (SMI, TATI, and BMI) and positive PET2 was examined using logistic regression, adjusting for age at diagnosis, sex, race/ethnicity, stage, histology, bulk disease, and \"B\" symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,033 included patients, PET2 was positive in 314 (30.4%) patients. SMI was not associated with positive PET2. Extremes of TATI were associated with positive PET2, when compared with the middle TATI quintile [reference: Q3; ORQ1 = 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-2.60; P = 0.04; ORQ2 = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.17-2.82; P = 0.008; ORQ5 = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.23-3.05; P = 0.005]. The association between BMI in obesity range and positive PET2 trended toward significance (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 0.98-2.04; P = 0.06; ref = normal weight).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Extremes of adipose tissue at diagnosis influence early response among pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Validation of results from this study could inform studies investigating body composition-based chemotherapy dosing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"560-567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Parity, History of Breastfeeding, and T-cell Profile of Ovarian Tumors.","authors":"Jennifer M Mongiovi, Mary K Townsend, Allison F Vitonis, Holly R Harris, Jennifer A Doherty, Ana Babic, Jonathan L Hecht, T Rinda Soong, Linda Titus, Jose R Conejo-Garcia, Brooke L Fridley, Shelley S Tworoger, Kathryn L Terry, Naoko Sasamoto","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1414","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parity and breastfeeding are associated with systemic changes in maternal inflammation and reduced risk of ovarian cancer, but little is known about their impact on the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated the associations of self-reported parity and history of breastfeeding with tumor-infiltrating T cells among 1,706 ovarian carcinoma cases with tumor tissue collected across four studies. The abundance of tumor-infiltrating T cells was measured by multiplex immunofluorescence in tumor tissue microarrays. ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the positivity of tumor immune cells were calculated using beta-binomial models and stratified by histotype.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with ovarian tumors in nulliparous women, there was no association between parity and ovarian tumor T-cell abundance among all histotypes combined but suggestion of increased cytotoxic T cells and T-cell exhaustion among parous women with clear-cell tumors. When restricted to parous women, history of breastfeeding was associated with increased odds for all T-cell types [i.e., total T, cytotoxic T, helper T (Th), regulatory T, and exhausted T cells], with ORs ranging from 1.11 to 1.42. For every 6 months of breastfeeding, we observed increased odds of activated Th-cell infiltration (CD3+CD4+CD69+; OR, 1.13, 95% CI, 0.99-1.29), with a similar association for high-grade serous tumors, but lower odds in clear-cell tumors (OR, 0.43, 95% CI, 0.21-0.87).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>History of breastfeeding may alter the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment by modulating the abundance of tumor-infiltrating T cells.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Although replication is required, history of breastfeeding may play a role in the activation of the ovarian tumor immune response.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"550-559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Stroma: Reproductive Factors and the Tumor Microenvironment in African Breast Cancer.","authors":"Jasmine A McDonald","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1377","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer incidence rates for Black and White women in the United States have recently converged, with mortality rates remaining disproportionately higher for Black women. This disparity is more pronounced given the higher prevalence of hormone receptor-negative tumors in women of African ancestry, tumors which are more aggressive and harder to treat. Abubakar and colleagues' analysis of 792 breast cancer cases from the Ghana Breast Health Study offers new insights into the stromal tumoral microenvironment in sub-Saharan African women. Using machine learning techniques, tumor-associated stromal cellular density was associated with more aggressive tumors, higher tumor grade, and parity versus nulliparity, whereas breastfeeding did not significantly affect stromal characteristics. This commentary spotlights the innovative combination of traditional diagnostic methods, such as hematoxylin and eosin staining, with machine learning techniques within the Ghana Breast Health Study as a promising approach for improving breast cancer prognostication in low-resource settings. Moreover, this commentary underscores the need for inclusive, equity-driven research approaches that consider biological factors, host factors, and social and structural drivers of health when examining breast cancer disparities. See related article by Abubakar et al., p. 462.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":"34 4","pages":"459-461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI Measures of Fat Distribution and Risk of Cancer.","authors":"Rita Peila, Thomas E Rohan","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1267","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Excess adiposity has been associated with an increased risk of several types of cancer. The relationship between fat tissue distribution in the body and these outcomes is less well known. Using data from the UK Biobank imaging substudy, we evaluated the prospective relationship between MRI-derived measurements of adipose tissue distribution and the risk of the major site-specific cancers associated with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2014 and 2023, MRI measurements on adipose tissue distribution and volume were obtained from 49,044 (52.2% women) cancer-free UK Biobank participants. Quantitative MRI data included volumes of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ASAT), total abdominal fat/height squared (TAT/h2), and muscle fat infiltration (MFI). Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for cancer-specific risk factors were used to generate HRs and 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Incident cancer cases of the breast (N = 179), endometrium (n = 30), colorectum (n = 145), and kidney (n = 50) were ascertained over a median follow-up of 4.5 years. In women, VAT, TAT/h2, and MFI were positively associated with a risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, and ASAT was associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer. In men, VAT and TAT/h2 were positively associated with a risk of colorectal cancer, whereas ASAT was associated with an increased risk of kidney cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study showed that increasing volumes of VAT, ASAT, and MFI were associated with cancers at specific organ sites, indicating a potential role for adipose tissue distribution in influencing cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Both visceral and subcutaneous fat may have an impact on the risk of certain cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"534-540"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}