Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Plasma Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-7 Is Positively Associated with Age, Obesity, Mortality, and Cancer in Postmenopausal Women.","authors":"Melissa C Orenduff, Carl F Pieper, Emma H Allott, Michael F Coleman, Su Yon Jung, Mara Z Vitolins, Jenifer I Fenton, Chu Chen, Candyce H Kroenke, Fred K Tabung, Ana Barac, Electra D Paskett, Michael N Pollak, Jennifer Hays-Grudo, Shine Chang, Stephen D Hursting","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1644","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Predictors of premature death and cancer development are needed to more precisely identify individuals who may warrant preventive intervention. Circulating insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-7 (IGFBP7) and, to a lesser extent, the IGFBP7/IGF-1 ratio are emerging biomarkers of renal and cardiovascular morbidity. However, their relationships with aging, obesity, mortality, and cancer risk remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This hypothesis-generating study investigated plasma IGFBP7, IGF-1, and their ratio as predictors of all-cause mortality and the incidence of any cancer (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer), obesity-related cancer (composite of 13 cancer types), and breast cancer in a large longitudinal cohort of postmenopausal women. We assessed the relationships of each biomarker with age, body mass index, and each outcome (bivariately and controlling for age, body mass index, race, physical activity, education, income, marital status, alcohol intake, smoking, diabetes, and hormone therapy) in 793 Women's Health Initiative Observational Study participants (mean, 19.4-year follow-up).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In adjusted analyses, IGFBP7 increased with age and obesity and was positively associated with risks of all-cause mortality [HR = 2.42 (95% confidence interval, 1.37-4.26); P = 0.002], any cancer [HR = 2.04 (1.05-3.94); P = 0.035], and obesity-related cancer [HR = 1.58 (0.99-2.51); P = 0.053]. Also in adjusted analyses, the IGFBP7/IGF-1 ratio increased with age and was positively associated with all-cause mortality [HR = 1.51 (1.14-1.99); P = 0.004] and any cancer incidence [HR = 5.44 (1.13-26.1); P = 0.034].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Plasma IGFBP7 and the IGFBP7/IGF-1 ratio are positively associated with age, obesity (IGFBP7 only), mortality, and cancer in postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Plasma IGFBP7 may represent an age- and obesity-sensitive biomarker of increased risk of developing cancer and/or dying prematurely.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"922-932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12724625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Effects of Breast Cancer Risk Factors across Hormone Receptor Breast Cancer Subtypes: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Renée M G Verdiesen, Mehrnoosh Shokouhi, Stephen Burgess, Sander Canisius, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stig E Bojesen, Marjanka K Schmidt","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1440","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is unclear if established breast cancer risk factors exert similar causal effects across hormone receptor breast cancer subtypes. We estimated and compared causal estimates of height, body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes, age at menarche, age at menopause, breast density, alcohol consumption, regular smoking, and physical activity across these subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach and selected genetic instrumental variables from large-scale genome-wide association studies. Publicly available summary-level Breast Cancer Association Consortium data (n = 247,173; 133,384 cases, 113,789 controls) for the following subtypes were included: luminal A-like (45,253 cases), luminal B-/HER2-negative-like (6,350 cases), luminal B-like (6,427 cases), HER2-enriched (2,884 cases), and triple-negative (8,602 cases). We employed multiple Mendelian randomization methods to evaluate the strength of causal evidence for each risk factor-subtype association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Collectively, our analyses indicated that increased height and decreased BMI are probable causal risk factors for all five subtypes. For the other risk factors, the strength of evidence for causal effects differed across subtypes. Heterogeneity in the magnitude of causal effect estimates for age at menopause and breast density was explained by null findings for triple-negative tumors. Regular smoking was the sole risk factor for which there was no evidence of a causal effect on any subtype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that established breast cancer risk factors differ across hormone receptor subtypes.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our results are valuable for the development of primary prevention strategies, improvement of breast cancer risk stratification in the general population, and identification of novel breast cancer risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"933-943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12130805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"p16, COX-2, and Ki67 Protein Expression in DCIS and Risk of Ipsilateral Invasive Breast Cancer.","authors":"Thomas E Rohan, Chenxin Zhang, Yihong Wang, Fergus J Couch, Robert T Greenlee, Stacey Honda, Azadeh Stark, Larissa L White, Dhananjay A Chitale, Xiaonan Xue, Mindy Ginsberg, Olivier Loudig","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0143","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prior research on the associations of p16, COX-2, and Ki67 immunopositivity in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) tissue with the risk of subsequent ipsilateral invasive breast cancer (IBC) is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a case-control study nested in a cohort of women diagnosed with DCIS, immunostaining for p16, COX-2, and Ki67 was performed on DCIS tissue from those who developed subsequent ipsilateral IBC (cases; n = 146) and on matched subjects who did not develop IBC (controls; n = 273). Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals for the associations between immunopositivity for p16, COX-2, and Ki67 and the risk of subsequent ipsilateral IBC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no association between p16, COX-2, and Ki67 immunopositivity, examined either individually or in combination, and a risk of ipsilateral IBC. Compared with all other groups, the multivariable OR (95% confidence interval) for women who were triple positive for the three markers was 1.16 (0.38-3.54).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>p16, COX-2, and Ki67 immunopositivity was not associated with altered risk of ipsilateral IBC in women with DCIS.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>p16, COX-2, and Ki67 may not be prognostic for ipsilateral IBC in women with DCIS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1036-1039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomized Control Trial of Two Interventions Compared with Usual Care for Increasing Cervical Cancer Screening among Women Living in the Rural Midwest.","authors":"Erika B Biederman, Timothy E Stump, Patrick O Monahan, Mira L Katz, Ryan D Baltic, Eric A Vachon, Victoria L Champion, Electra D Paskett","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0971","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lower cervical cancer screening rates are associated with higher cervical cancer mortality among women living in rural compared with urban areas (defined by rural-urban community codes). The study purpose was to examine the effectiveness of a mailed digital video disc (DVD) versus DVD plus patient navigation (PN) versus usual care (UC) on increasing the percentage of rural women up to date (UTD) with cervical cancer screening guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rural women (ages 50-74 years) who were not UTD for cervical cancer screening (n = 553) were consented and randomized 2:2:1 (DVD, DVD + PN, and UC, respectively). Baseline and 12-month surveys included sociodemographic characteristics, history of previous cervical cancer screening, and cervical cancer screening knowledge and beliefs. Screening status was assessed by medical record review at baseline and 12 months after randomization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 59.8 years. After controlling for covariates, women randomized to the DVD + PN group had greater odds [OR = 5.01; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.38-11.50] of being UTD with cervical cancer screening compared with UC at 12 months after randomization. Other significant covariates in the model included having a college versus high school or lower education (OR = 2.36; 95% CI, 1.08-5.63), private (OR = 4.16; 95% CI, 1.28-19.1) or no insurance (OR = 8.74; 95% CI, 1.77-51.9) versus public insurance, normal (OR = 3.25; 95% CI, 1.46-7.24) or overweight (OR = 2.15; 95% CI, 1.05-4.42) versus obese body mass index, and positive screening intention in the next six months (OR = 2.59; 95% CI, 1.48-4.52).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A DVD + PN intervention increased the percentage of rural women UTD with cervical cancer screening compared with UC or DVD only.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Women who have a high school or lower education, were on public insurance, obese, and not planning to be screened need increased attention to become UTD with cervical cancer screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"952-961"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproducibility of Plasma Metabolome over 1 Year in a Population-Based Cohort of Black Breast Cancer Survivors.","authors":"Bo Qin, Madhir Vyas, Steven C Moore, Xiaoyang Su, Eileen P White, Coral Omene, Tengteng Wang, Mi-Hyeon Jang, Kitaw Demissie, Chi-Chen Hong, Elisa V Bandera","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1646","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The metabolomics approach using blood samples from epidemiologic studies has the potential to elucidate pathways or uncover biomarkers for breast cancer outcomes. Therefore, understanding the within-person reproducibility of the blood metabolome and the factors that influence metabolite levels over time in breast cancer survivors are crucial, but these remain largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We estimated the within-person reproducibility of plasma metabolites in 61 Black breast cancer survivors from the Women's Circle of Health Follow-Up Study. Samples were collected from each participant at two time points, approximately 2 and 3 years after diagnosis. Untargeted metabolomic profiles were analyzed by Metabolon using ultrahigh-performance LC/MS-MS. We calculated the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for each metabolite by dividing the between-person variance by the total variance. ICCs were compared across preanalytic factors (e.g., fasting) and participant characteristics using the Wilcoxon test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 857 named metabolites, the median ICC was 0.58 (IQR: 0.44-0.70). Of the metabolites, 16.6% showed high within-person reproducibility (ICC ≥ 0.75), spanning all metabolite classes, whereas 65.6% had an ICC within 0.4 to 0.75, and 17.9% had an ICC < 0.4. Reasonable ICCs were also observed for nonfasting samples (median 0.53, IQR: 0.39-0.67), although lower than those for fasting samples (median 0.63, IQR: 0.45-0.77). ICCs were slightly lower in younger, nonobese participants and in women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The within-person reproducibility of plasma metabolites over 1 year among breast cancer survivors was generally acceptable.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>A single-timepoint measurement could be useful in evaluating associations between metabolites and breast cancer outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"914-921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12130800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Redlining and All-Cause Survival after Breast Cancer Diagnosis.","authors":"Sarah M Lima, Tia M Palermo, Furrina F Lee, Tabassum Z Insaf, Helen C S Meier, Lili Tian, Henry Louis Taylor, Deborah O Erwin, Heather M Ochs-Balcom","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1862","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Historical redlining was a 1930s residential segregation policy, in which neighborhoods were graded according to race, class, and land use. As contemporary neighborhood profiles differ according to historical redlining grade, historical redlining may contribute to current breast cancer disparities. We evaluated whether historical redlining grade is associated with overall 5-year survival in a cohort of breast cancer cases in New York State. We hypothesize that worse redlining grade is associated with lower survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This New York State Cancer Registry-based cohort included 60,773 breast cancer cases diagnosed between 2008 and 2018 and in a census tract at diagnosis with a historical redlining grade. Cases were assigned a grade: A (best) to D (hazardous). Cox models estimated HRs for 5-year mortality associated with historical redlining grade. We stratified models by case factors and neighborhood characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five-year survival displayed a significant gradient with historical redlining (P < 0.001). Compared with A-grade, residence in B-grade, C-grade, and D-grade neighborhoods was associated with a 29%, 37%, and 64% increase in mortality, respectively (P < 0.001). Associations persisted after adjustment for health insurance and treatments. Elevated risk associated with D-grade was specifically observed among non-Hispanic White cases, local and regional stages, hormone receptor-positive tumors, non-triple-negative cases, and across neighborhood characteristics. We found significant interaction with redlining grade for race/ethnicity and neighborhood characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Historical redlining was associated with progressively lower survival for each grade among breast cancer cases. Associations are not fully explained by healthcare factors or contemporary neighborhood characteristics.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Historical redlining has lasting effects on contemporary breast cancer survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"904-913"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Physical Activity and Mortality Risk among Korean Cancer Survivors: A Population-Based Cohort Study.","authors":"Thi Tra Bui, Eunjung Park, Hee-Yeon Kang, Byungmi Kim, Jin-Kyoung Oh","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1908","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of changes in physical activity (PA) after cancer diagnosis on prognosis remains unclear. This study evaluated mortality risks according to changes in PA from prior to diagnosis to after diagnosis among cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based retrospective cohort study used the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. The study included 215,191 participants (125,756 men and 89,435 women) diagnosed with cancer between 2009 and 2017. PA, measured as the total of various light-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity activities, was assessed prior to and after diagnosis. Deaths were ascertained between 2009 and 2019. All-cause and cancer-specific mortality risks were assessed according to PA changes using Cox proportional hazards regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following cancer diagnosis, active patients accounted for 63.30% of men and 55.29% of women, increasing from 54.04% and 43.35% prior to diagnosis. Compared with the consistently inactive group, all-cause mortality risks were significantly lower in patients who became active after diagnosis [adjusted HR (95% confidence intervals): men, 0.82 (0.79, 0.85); women, 0.87 (0.82, 0.93)] and in the consistently active group [men, 0.77 (0.74, 0.80); women, 0.81 (0.76, 0.86)]. Lower mortality risks were observed across cancer stages in men and localized/regional stages in women. PA and all-cause mortality had a dose-response association. PA was inversely associated with all-cause or cancer-specific mortality in men with gastric, colorectal, liver, and lung cancers and women with colorectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Being physically active after diagnosis is associated with reduced all-cause mortality among cancer survivors in a dose-response manner, regardless of PA levels prior to diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>PA should be promoted as a standard component of cancer care to improve prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1016-1026"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional Associations of Neighborhood Social and Environmental Contextual Factors with Telomere Length in Male and Female Health Professionals.","authors":"Hari S Iyer, Timothy R Rebbeck, Elise G Elliott, Michelle D Holmes, Immaculata De Vivo, Francine Laden, Jaime E Hart","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0061","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-25-0061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Telomere length attrition has been proposed as a mediator through which the adverse neighborhood social and environmental context affects cancer risk through stress-related pathways, but associations have been inconsistent. We examined associations between neighborhood social and environmental factors in a population with extensive capture of behavioral factors and comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were pooled from nested case-control studies using blood samples collected in two large prospective US-based cohorts of male (n = 3,065) and female (n = 9,993) health professionals. Relative leukocyte telomere length was assayed using qPCR and geospatial measures of socioeconomic status, air pollution, green space, and temperature were linked to participants' address at blood draw.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle covariates, no statistically significant associations of relative leukocyte telomere length with any of the address-level neighborhood socioeconomic or environmental factors were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large nation-wide cross-sectional study of male and female health professionals in the United States, neighborhood social and environmental contextual factors were not associated with telomere length.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Further cross-sectional studies of associations between neighborhood social and environmental factors and telomere length are unlikely to improve understanding of this potential mediating mechanism. Studies with repeated measures may be required.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"1040-1043"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers of Nicotine and Tobacco Carcinogen Exposure in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Black Adults Receiving a Brief Smoking Reduction Intervention.","authors":"Emma I Brett, Jessica H K Slear, Maciej L Goniewicz, Andrea C King","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1789","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retrospective reporting of cigarette use can affect the accuracy of outcomes in tobacco treatment trials. The inclusion of objective measures of smoking, such as biomarkers of nicotine and tobacco exposure, is recommended. Most trials examining biomarkers after a behavioral intervention have included predominantly White adults enrolled in cessation, versus reduction, trials. The current study examined biomarkers of nicotine and tobacco exposure within a harm reduction trial in Black adults who smoke (AWS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nontreatment-seeking socioeconomically disadvantaged Black AWS (N = 65) were randomized to a treatment-as-usual control or enhanced care single-session intervention aimed to reduce their smoking. Biospecimens were collected at baseline and 1 month after treatment to measure objective markers of nicotine and smoke exposure, including expired carbon monoxide, urinary metabolites of nicotine (cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine), and urinary tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Those in the enhanced care condition self-reported a significant reduction in smoking at follow-up (P < 0.01), but there were no concomitant decreases across biomarkers (all P values > 0.05). Exploratory analyses in participants who reported at least 50% smoking reductions or reduced daily cigarette intake by at least three cigarettes at follow-up compared with baseline revealed nonsignificant changes across all biomarkers (all P values > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-reported smoking reductions were not biochemically verified across measures. It is possible that compensatory behaviors when reducing smoking (e.g., deeper inhalations) or underreporting of smoking contributed to this discrepancy.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Partial smoking reduction does not seem to reduce biomarkers of carcinogen exposure and may not be an effective strategy to narrow tobacco-related health disparities in Black AWS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"982-989"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racialized Economic Segregation, Treatment, and Outcomes in Women with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Stanton Davis, Min Lian, Graham A Colditz, Kia L Davis, James Struthers, Ying Liu","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1398","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We previously demonstrated differences in treatment and mortality between non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) women with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The impact of residential segregation on TNBC treatment and outcomes remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified NHB and NHW women with TNBC diagnosed from 2010 to 2015 and followed through 2016, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset. County-level racialized economic segregation was measured using the index of concentration at the extremes. Multilevel Cox regression and multilevel logistic regression accounting for county-level clustering were used to calculate HRs and ORs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 25,217 patients, 25.6% were NHB. Compared with patients in counties with the highest concentration of high-income NHW residents (most privileged), patients in counties with the highest concentration of low-income NHB residents (most deprived) had significantly higher risks of breast cancer-specific mortality [HR = 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.30; Ptrend = 0.12], overall mortality (HR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02-1.29; Ptrend = 0.06), and late-stage diagnosis (OR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01-1.32; Ptrend = 0.03). Overall, 28.2%, 24.5%, and 18.3% of excess risks of breast cancer mortality, overall mortality, and late-stage diagnosis in NHB (vs. NHW) patients were explained by residential segregation. There was no significant association between residential segregation and treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Living in the most deprived versus privileged neighborhoods was associated with lower likelihoods of early detection and survival of patients with TNBC, contributing to TNBC outcome disparities between NHBs and NHWs.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This highlights the importance of breast cancer screening for neighborhoods with predominantly low-income NHB residents and elucidating the pathways linking segregation to TNBC prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"895-903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}