Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Biomarkers of Nicotine and Tobacco Carcinogen Exposure in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Black Adults Receiving a Brief Smoking Reduction Intervention.","authors":"Emma Brett, Jessica Slear, Maciej L Goniewicz, Andrea King","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retrospective reporting of cigarette use can impact the accuracy of outcomes in tobacco treatment trials. The inclusion of objective measures of smoking, like biomarkers of nicotine and tobacco exposure, is recommended. Most trials examining biomarkers after a behavioral intervention have included predominantly White adults enrolled in cessation, versus reduction, trials. The current study examined biomarkers of nicotine and tobacco exposure within a harm reduction trial in Black adults who smoke (AWS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Non-treatment-seeking socioeconomically disadvantaged Black AWS (N=65) were randomized to a treatment-as-usual control or enhanced care (EC) single-session intervention aimed to reduce their smoking. Biospecimens were collected at baseline and 1-month post-treatment to measure objective markers of nicotine and smoke exposure, including expired carbon monoxide, urinary metabolites of nicotine (cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine), and urinary tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Those in the EC condition self-reported a significant reduction in smoking at follow-up (p <.01), but there were no concomitant decreases across biomarkers (all ps >.05). Exploratory analyses in participants who reported at least 50% smoking reductions or reduced daily cigarette intake by at least three cigarettes at follow-up compared to baseline revealed nonsignificant changes across all biomarkers (all ps >.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-reported smoking reductions were not biochemically verified across measures. It is possible that compensatory behaviors when reducing smoking (e.g., deeper inhalations) or underreporting of smoking contributed to this discrepancy.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Partial smoking reduction does not appear to reduce biomarkers of carcinogen exposure and may not be an effective strategy to narrow tobacco-related health disparities in Black AWS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation measures and the association with survival among Black and White women with endometrial cancer.","authors":"Anna Gottschlich, Jamaica R M Robinson, Julie J Ruterbusch, Kaitlin Burchett, Rebecca M Adams, Ariel Washington, Michele L Cote, Ann G Schwartz, Kristen S Purrington, Mike R Wilson","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1833","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Black women with endometrial cancer (EC) have twice the mortality compared to White. Survival disparities remain after accounting for individual-level socioeconomic and cancer-related factors. We investigated associations between area-based deprivation and survival and explored whether area-based deprivation attenuates the association between race and survival, among a cohort of Black and White women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from ECs diagnosed between 2013-2022 were collected from a comprehensive cancer registry covering Metropolitan Detroit. Addresses at diagnosis were linked to Area Deprivation (ADI) and Social Vulnerability (SVI) indices. Adjusted Fine & Gray and Cox proportional hazard models were run investigating associations between area-based deprivation measures and survival; analyses were conducted estimating the proportion of the association between race and survival that was attenuated by area-based measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher deprivation was associated with poorer survival, adjusted for race, insurance status, and tumor characteristics. Compared to the least disadvantaged quartile, the quartile with the highest disadvantage using ADI and SVI had 1.18 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.43) and 1.40 (1.14, 1.71) times the hazard of EC-specific mortality, respectively. ADI and SVI attenuated 18% (3-38%) and 27% (10-48%) of associations between race and mortality overall, and 24% (95% CI: 3-61%) and 40% (95% CI: 16-78%) among those with high-grade histology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates a clear association between neighborhood-level disadvantage and survival among women with EC living in Metropolitan Detroit. Neighborhood disadvantage attenuates the relationship between race and survival, particularly among those with high-grade histology.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>These findings serve as motivation to understand how neighborhood impacts cancer outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthy Lifestyle Index and Breast Cancer Risk among Postmenopausal Women: The Multiethnic Cohort Study.","authors":"Bethany T Ogbenna, Xin He, Anna H Wu, Loïc Le Marchand, Lynne R Wilkens, James Butler, Typhanye Dyer, Iona Cheng, Cher M Dallal","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Consistent evidence supports a reduction in breast cancer risk with a high healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score; however, this relationship has not been well studied in multiethnic populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within the Multiethnic Cohort study, we followed 65,561 African American, Japanese American, Latina, Native Hawaiian, and White postmenopausal women for incident invasive breast cancer (n=4,555, mean 19.2 years). The HLI summed seven components with higher scores assigned to healthier behaviors: diet quality, physical activity, sedentary behavior, smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index and sleep duration. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between the HLI score (continuous, tertiles (T)) and breast cancer risk overall and stratified by race and ethnicity and hormone receptor status. Multiplicative interaction by race and ethnicity (P-int) and heterogeneity of effect by hormone receptor status (P-het) assessed by the Wald test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher HLI scores were associated with reduced postmenopausal breast cancer risk (aHRcont:0.95 [95% CI:0.94-0.97], P<0.0001; aHRT2vsT1:0.92 [95% CI:0.85-0.99], aHRT3vsT1: 0.81 [95% CI:0.75-0.87], P-trend<0.01) with similar risk reductions observed across racial and ethnic groups (P-trend≤0.05; P-int=0.96). Similar findings were observed with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (overall: P-trend<0.01; P-int=0.90); no significant associations were observed with hormone receptor-negative breast cancer (P-trend >0.05; P-int=0.64; P-het=0.79).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher HLI scores are associated with breast cancer risk reductions overall, by race and ethnicity and hormone receptor status.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Engaging in healthy lifestyle behaviors may reduce breast cancer risk among a multiethnic population of postmenopausal women.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racialized Economic Segregation, Treatment and Outcomes in Women with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Stanton Davis, Min Lian, Graham A Colditz, Kia L Davis, James Struthers, Ying Liu","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1398","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We previously demonstrated differences in treatment and mortality between non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and non-Hispanic White (NHW) women with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The impact of residential segregation on TNBC treatment and outcomes remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified NHB and NHW women with TNBC diagnosed from 2010-2015 and followed through 2016, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset. County-level racialized economic segregation was measured using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes. Multilevel Cox regression and multilevel logistic regression accounting for county-level clustering were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 25217 patients, 25.6% were NHB. Compared with patients in counties with the highest concentration of high-income NHW residents (most privileged), patients in counties with the highest concentration of low-income NHB residents (most deprived) had significantly higher risks of breast cancer-specific mortality (HR=1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.30; Ptrend=0.12), overall mortality (HR=1.15, 95% CI 1.02-1.29; Ptrend=0.06), and late-stage diagnosis (OR=1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.32; Ptrend=0.03). Overall, 28.2%, 24.5%, and 18.3% of excess risks of breast cancer mortality, overall mortality, and late-stage diagnosis in NHB (vs NHW) patients were explained by residential segregation. There was no significant association between residential segregation and treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Living in the most deprived vs privileged neighborhoods was associated with lower likelihoods of early detection and survival of TNBC, contributing to TNBC outcome disparities between NHBs and NHWs.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This highlights the importance of breast cancer screening for neighborhoods with predominantly low-income NHB residents and elucidating the pathways linking segregation to TNBC prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is metabolic syndrome a risk factor for skin cancer? A UKBiobank Observational and two Sample Mendelian randomization Study.","authors":"Emily A M Black, Claudia Allemani, Tom Dudding","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skin cancers (SCs) are the third most common cancer worldwide, with incidence increasing. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. More than 1 in 5 individuals have MetS and it is linked with at least 14 different cancers. This study aimed to investigate whether MetS is a risk factor for SC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study was conducted in UK Biobank. The association between MetS and SC was investigated using multivariable Poisson regression. To investigate causality, a two sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted using summary level Genome-wide association study data from UK Biobank (MetS) and FinnGen (SC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>467,919 participants were included, 26.7% had MetS. Follow-up was for up to 10.8 years. MetS showed a moderately sized protective effect on BCC while the effect for SCC and MM crossed the null. Overall, MR found there was some weak evidence for increase odds of SC in those with MetS (1.07 (OR = 1.07 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.14)). Conclusions= The observational study identifies a moderately sized protective effect of MetS on BCC with MR evidence suggesting a weak causal effect is in the opposite direction.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This study has found little to no effect of MetS on SC, despite links between MetS and at least 14 other cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating Inflammation Biomarkers and the Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Nested Case-control Study in the Department of Defense Serum Repository.","authors":"Omonefe O Omofuma, Jennifer A Rusiecki, Jessica L Petrick, Roni T Falk, William Wheeler, Ruth M Pfeiffer, M Constanza Camargo, Michael B Cook","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We previously identified associations of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) risk with four inflammation-related candidate biomarkers: TNFR2, IL17A, VEGFR3 and resistin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We aimed to replicate these candidates and discover novel associations with additional proteins. We conducted a nested case-control study of men with prediagnostic biospecimens stored at the US Department of Defense Serum Repository, including 203 incident EA cases. Controls were matched to cases in an ~2:1 ratio by date of birth, race, service branch, and blood draw date. Multiplex immunoassays (Olink/Proseek panels) measured 254 proteins detected in ≥10% of all samples. Multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression models calculated associations between biomarker quantiles and EA. P-values (<0.05) were used to indicate the statistical significance of candidates, and false discovery rate (FDR) was applied to the additional proteins. Odds ratios (ORs) from the current analysis and from previous studies were combined for the candidate markers using fixed effects meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the four candidates, the highest category of TNFR2 was associated with significantly increased EA risk (ORQ4vsQ1=1.87, 95% confidence interval: 1.02-3.42). In the meta-analysis, associations with EA were positive for TNFR2 (meta-analyzed ORhighest-vs-lowest=2.04, 1.12-2.95) and inverse for IL17A (meta-analyzed ORhighest-vs-lowest=0.53, 0.26-0.80). Of the additional 250 proteins, 45 were associated with EA risk and 6 (MCP3, IL6, TNFR1, HGF, TFF3 and FURIN) remained significant after FDR correction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We confirmed associations of TNFR2 and IL17A with EA risk. Additionally, our study expands the range of proteins associated with EA development.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This is the largest assessment of inflammation-related proteins with EA to date.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The causal relationship between telomere length and cancer risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomization.","authors":"Su Hyun Lee, Dae Sub Song, Un Chong Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Kyoungho Lee","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Telomere length shortens with age and is associated with an increased risk of numerous chronic diseases. However, the causal direction between telomere length and cancer risk remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the causal impact of telomere length on cancer risk using Mendelian randomization(MR) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) from Singapore and China data, the Korean Cancer Prevention Study(KCPS)-II, the Korean Genome Epidemiologic Study(KoGES), and the Biobank of Japan(BBJ) were utilized. A two-sample MR study was performed using summary-level GWAS data from individuals of East Asian ancestry. Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNPs) associated with telomere length were used as instrumental variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Longer telomere length per 1SD increase due to germline genetic variants was associated with a higher risk of site-specific cancer. In the KCPS-II and KOGES, the strongest association was observed with thyroid cancer[OR 2.49(95%CI, 1.79-3.47), 2.27(1.49-3.46)], followed by lung cancer [OR 2.19(95%CI, 1.60-3.08) and 1.45(1.12-1.87)]. Similar results were observed in BBJ, with OR 2.92(95%CI, 1.75-4.88) for thyroid cancer and 2.04(1.41-2.94) for lung cancer. In histological subgroup analysis of KCPS-II, a significant relationship was found with lung adenocarcinoma [(OR 2.26(95%CI, 1.55-3.31)] but not with lung squamous cell carcinoma(1.21, 0.47-3.06). After removing outlier SNPs in the radial MR analysis, significant associations were identified for both lung adenocarcinoma [(OR 1.88(95%CI, 1.25-2.82)] and lung squamous cell carcinoma (2.29,1.05-4.98).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that longer telomere length increases the risk of various cancers in East Asian populations.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Genetically determined longer telomere length may contribute to a risk of certain cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Biomarker Models for Biologically Heterogeneous Cancers: A Nested Model Approach for Lung Cancer.","authors":"Palina Woodhouse, Laurel Jackson, Michael N Kammer, Caroline M Godfrey, Sanja Antic, Yong Zou, Patrick Meyers, Susan H Gawel, Fabien Maldonado, Eric L Grogan, Gerard J Davis, Stephen A Deppen","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-0523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The heterogeneous biology of cancer subtypes, especially in lung cancer, poses significant challenges for biomarker development. Standard model building techniques often fall short in accurately incorporating various histologic subtypes because of their diverse biological characteristics. This study explores a nested biomarker model to address this issue, aiming to improve lung cancer early detection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 337 patients from two clinical sites. Blood biomarkers were analyzed and various statistical methods employed to develop a nested model. This model was designed to account for the biological heterogeneity across histologic subtypes, compared against traditional logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient cohort included a range of malignant and benign nodules and included different cancer subtypes reflecting lung cancer heterogeneity. The nested model had comparable performance overall with the Mayo Clinic model and a standard logistic regression model with an AUC of 77.6 (95% confidence interval, 72.2-83.0) in training and 77.3 (95% confidence interval, 65.8-88.9) in testing. The nested subtype versus benign model had the best performance in the training set overall and had a particular advantage for small cell subtype prediction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the challenges cancer heterogeneity present for biomarker development and the potential for nested biomarker models to improve early cancer detection. Validation of this approach in larger cohorts is essential to prove its predictive benefit in biologically diverse cancers.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>This work addresses the challenge of biological heterogeneity in biomarker development. A nested modeling approach may assist in developing more effective multicancer early detection strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"OF1-OF7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposures from oil and gas development and childhood leukemia risk in Colorado: A population-based case-control study.","authors":"Lisa M McKenzie, William B Allshouse, David R Johnson, Christopher C DeVoe, Myles Cockburn, Debashis Ghosh","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children living in upstream oil and natural gas (O&G) areas may be exposed to leukemogens and at increased risk for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a case-control study of children born in Colorado between 1992 and 2019. We matched 451 children diagnosed with ALL at age 2-9 years starting in 2002 to 2706 controls on birth month/year and Hispanic ethnicity. We estimated upstream O&G activity intensities from conception through a 10-year latency with our intensity adjusted inverse distance weighted (IA-IDW) model. We applied logistic regression models adjusted for confounders to evaluate associations between ALL and IA-IDW.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For children within 5 km of an O&G well site, we observed a 62% (OR= 1.62, 95% CL:0.964, 2.62), 84% (OR = 1.84, 95% CL: 1.35 -2.48) and 100% (OR = 2.00, 95% CL: 1.14 -3.37) increase in ALL risk for low, medium, and high IA-IDW groups, compared to the referent group. Within 13 km, we observed a 59% (OR= 1.59, 95% CL:1.03, 2.37), 40% (OR = 1.40, 95% CL: 1.09 -1.80) and 164% (OR = 2.64, 95% CL: 1.80 -3.86) increase in ALL risk for low, medium, and high IA-IDW groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Colorado's children living within 13 km of O&G well sites are at increased risk for ALL, with children within 5 km bearing the greatest risk. Current setbacks between O&G well sites and residences may not be sufficient to protect the health of these children.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our results can be applied to policies to reduce childhood leukemogen exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ALDH2 deficiency and alcohol intake in the U.S.: Opportunity for precision cancer prevention.","authors":"Danielle Forman, Manxi Yang, Ryan Chien, Hester Nguyen, Caressa Wong, Jacqueline H J Kim, Argyrios Ziogas, Hannah Lui Park","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcoholic beverages and the main metabolite of alcohol, acetaldehyde, are known carcinogens. A genetic variant in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2, G>A, rs671) leads to decreased efficiency in metabolizing acetaldehyde and is associated with increased cancer risk. Since alcohol consumption is a modifiable risk factor for various cancers, the identification of ALDH2 deficiency presents an opportunity for precision cancer prevention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our primary objectives were to examine the prevalences of ALDH2 deficiency and alcohol consumption behavior among affected individuals within a large, diverse U.S. national cohort. The prevalence of ALDH2 deficiency was determined by examining rs671 genotype among 311,290 participants within the All of Us Research Program. Relationships between self-reported alcohol consumption, sociodemographic factors, and rs671 genotype were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ALDH2 deficiency was most prevalent among individuals who identified as Asian, among whom 23.5% had at least one deficient ALDH2 allele compared to <2.5% in all other racial/ethnic groups. Among those with one and two deficient ALDH2 alleles, 61.2% and 24.4% reported drinking in the past year, respectively, and of these, 30.3% and 16.0% reported binge drinking. Multivariable analysis showed that ALDH2 genotype, sex, age, race, education, income, employment, marital status, and country of birth were associated with alcohol consumption behavior.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most individuals with ALDH2 deficiency reported drinking alcohol in the past year, and consumption was associated with various sociodemographic variables, particularly sex, age, and country of birth.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Our findings suggest a significant opportunity for precision cancer prevention targeting the unique prevalence of ALDH2 deficiency among Asian Americans.</p>","PeriodicalId":9458,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}