Animal Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"A comprehensive meta-analysis on the efficacy of growth factor enriched cryo-agents in enhancing post-thaw quality of mammalian semen.","authors":"Suyatno Suyatno, Herdis Herdis, Tri Puji Priyatno, Mulyoto Pangestu, Santoso Santoso, Tatan Kostaman, Mohammad Firdaus Hudaya, Pangda Sopha Sushadi, Florentina Bety Indah Lupitasari, Anita Hafid, Zultinur Muttaqin, Ita Margaretha Nainggolan, Mohammad Miftakhus Sholikin, Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0898","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to evaluate the effect of growth factors (GFs) in semen extenders on the quality of post-thaw mammalian sperm using a meta-analysis approach. The main objective was to determine whether the addition of GFs could improve semen quality after cryopreservation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A meta-analysis of various in vitro experiments using mammalian semen was conducted. Data were collected from multiple studies assessing the effects of GFs on sperm motility, viability, acrosome integrity, DNA integrity, and other key semen quality metrics. The analysis included a range of mammalian species, incorporating specific GFs into semen extenders during cryopreservation. The evaluation of sperm quality was conducted using parameters including motility, viability, acrosome integrity, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), DNA integrity, hyper-osmotic swelling test (HOST), malondialdehid (MDA), and computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA). Statistical analyses, including standardized mean differences (SMD), were performed to compare the effects of GF additives with control treatments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The addition of GFs into semen extenders significantly improved semen quality across various parameters, including motility, viability, acrosome integrity, and DNA integrity. The SMDs for motility, viability, acrosome integrity, PMI, DNA integrity, HOST, MDA, and CASA parameters were significantly higher in the GF-treated groups than those of the controls, with observed values of 2.56±0.303, 3.53±0.423, 1.22±0.351, 1.82±0.362, 8.73±2.514, 2.02±0.426, and 6.30±2.87, respectively. Notably, the addition of GFs maintained semen quality in most mammalian species (p<0.05, SMD>0.5), with the exception of boar semen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study demonstrated that the addition of GFs into semen extenders significantly enhances semen quality during cryopreservation across various mammalian species. This improvement is likely due to the antioxidants and repair factors found in the GFs. Each GF appeared to exert a distinct effect on sperm, subsequently enhancing sperm viability after thawing. The findings have important implications for improving reproductive technologies in mammalian species, particularly regarding cryopreservation and artificial insemination procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2094-2110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of endogenous calcium loss from different sources in 45-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens.","authors":"Nuwan Chamara Chathuranga, Shan Randima Nawarathne, Elijah Ogola Oketch, Venuste Maniraguha, Bernadette Gerpacio Sta Cruz, Jeseok Lee, Haeeun Park, Hyunji Choi, Myunghwan Yu, Jung Min Heo","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0008","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study assessed the calcium (Ca) endogenous losses and digestibility in 45-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens fed diets incorporating different Ca-sourcing ingredients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 168 hens were randomly assigned to dietary treatments, with six replicates, and four hens were housed per cage. The seven diets included different Ca sources of monocalcium phosphate (MCP), dicalcium phosphate (DCP), limestone, corn, soybean, wheat bran, and a Ca-free diet. All diets included 0.3% Cr2O3 as a digestible marker as well. Hens were given ad-libitum access to feed and water. On day 3, fresh excreta and the ileal digesta were collected to analyze dry matter, Ca, and Cr2O3 for digestibility analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Ca-free diets led to lower endogenous Ca losses at the ileum (p<0.05) compared to the Ca-supplemented groups. Among the Ca-sourcing diets, MCP resulted in higher Ca losses, whereas corn-based diets showed relatively lower losses at the ileum. Calcium losses at the excretory site were not significant, although the ileal losses were markedly higher (p<0.001), with diet-by-site interaction (p<0.05). Apparent and standardized ileal Ca digestibility were higher for inorganic sources (MCP, DCP, limestone) than for plant-based sources, with DCP showing greater digestibility (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inorganic Ca sources resulted in increased endogenous Ca loss and digestibility compared to plant seed-based layer diets, with these losses varying depending on the specific measurement sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2196-2202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of varying levels of coated cysteamine hydrochloride in diet on growth performance and carcass quality of steers.","authors":"Watcharawit Meenongyai, Kannika Wongpanit, Pichad Khejornsart, Piyamas Phongkaew, Unchan Traithilen, Naroon Waramit, Md Maksudul Haque Helali, Alimul Islam Shimul, Abdullah Al Mamun","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0863","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of coated cysteamine HCl (CSH) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in Charolais crossbred cattle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four Charolais crossbred steers, aged 24-30 months with an initial body weight of 418±31 kg, were assigned to three dietary treatments: 0% (control), 0.5%, or 1.0% CSH in concentrate. The steers were fed the experimental diets for 200 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased CSH levels in concentrate diets led to significant increases (p<0.05) in body weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, and dressing percentage. CSH supplementation decreased shear force values and cooking loss (p<0.05). Meat lightness was significantly greater in the 1.0% CSH-supplemented group (p<0.05). With increasing CSH levels, the proportion of high-value cuts, such as rib set and T-bone, increased (p<0.05), while the proportion of lower-value cuts, including macreuse, shank, and tendons, decreased (p<0.05). Non-carcass weights, including the feet, head, digestive tract, and scraps, were significantly higher in the 1.0% CSH-supplemented diet (p<0.05). The meat's chemical composition did not differ significantly among the treatment groups (p>0.05). Muscle fiber diameter was significantly larger in the 1.0% CSH-supplemented group (p<0.05). Monounsaturated fatty acids increased (p<0.05) with higher CSH levels, whereas polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids exhibited a significant decrease (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary supplementation with CSH enhances growth rate, carcass traits, and meat quality in steers. An inclusion level of 1.0% CSH in concentrate is the optimum feeding dosage, demonstrating its potential as an effective feed additive for enhancing beef production efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2136-2148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phuphan chicken breeds: classification as varieties or distinct breeds with three derivative groups using microsatellite genotyping.","authors":"Ekerette Ekerette, Nivit Tanglertpaibul, Trifan Budi, Wisut Auekingpetch, Chien Phuoc Tran Nguyen, Worapong Singchat, Wongsathit Wongloet, Nichakorn Kumnan, Piangjai Chalermwong, Anh Huynh Luu, Thitipong Panthum, Aingorn Chaiyes, Kanithaporn Vangnai, Chotika Yokthongwattana, Chomdao Sinthuvanich, Narongrit Muangmai, Prateep Duengkae, Kornsorn Srikulnath","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0579","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Indigenous and local breeds, such as Phuphan chickens, are vital due to their adaptability and nutritional value. However, the precise origin, historical records, and genetic diversity of Phuphan chickens remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate origin and genetic diversity of four Phuphan chicken groups from the Phuphan Royal Development Study Centre.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study assesses four groups of Phuphan chicken: Phuphan black 1 (SK-B1), Phuphan black 2 (KU-BM/F), Phuphan white (KU-WM/F), and Phuphan color (KU-VM/F) using 28 microsatellite markers and comparing them with those of other Thai chicken breeds within \"The Siam Chicken Bioresource Project\" database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results highlighted significant genetic diversity among these groups (mean expected heterozygosity [He] = 0.623±0.014; Allelic richness [AR] = 4.594±0.124), indicating effective management through the breeding program of the Phuphan Royal Development Study Centre. Population structure analyses revealed distinct gene pools, emphasizing the genetic uniqueness of SK-B1 relative to the other three groups. Bayesian inference validated historical genetic exchanges, primarily among KU-BM/F, KU-WM/F, and KU-VM/F, with limited exchanges involving SK-B1. This suggests that the Phuphan chicken groups share a common lineage, primarily distinguished by variations in plumage color, resulting from residual selection processes. Microsatellite markers pinpointed the loci LEI0234, MCW206, MCW0016, MCW0222, MCW0098, MCW0165, and ADL0278 as potentially subject to directional selection and associated with plumage color variation among the Phuphan chicken groups. Comparative evaluations with other Thai indigenous local chickens and red junglefowl revealed a closer affinity of SK-B1 to existing Thai chicken breeds, suggesting it may represent a variant of these breeds. Alternatively, KU-BM/F, KU-WM/F, and KU-VM/F, which exhibited comparable external characteristics, may constitute a novel breed of Phuphan chicken.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings may enhance understanding on genetic architecture of Phuphan chicken groups and contribute to Thailand's economic growth while preserving the genetic diversity of the indigenous chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2055-2066"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415380/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of feeding effects of pelletized total mixed ration in Hu sheep: growth performance, bacterial community and rumen fermentation.","authors":"Chuankai Zhang, Xiaohui Kong, Peijun Hou, Tengyun Gao, Huaijun Zheng, Wenqing Li, Tong Fu, Liyang Zhang","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0852","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to compare the growth performance, rumen fermentation, and rumen bacterial community of fattening Hu sheep fed either total mixed ration (TMR) or pelleted total mixed ration (PTMR) and to assess the feeding efficiency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a 58-day feeding experiment, forty-eight Hu sheep were randomly assigned to two groups (TMR and PTMR), with six pens per group and four sheep per pen. Body weight and feed intake were measured throughout the experiment to assess growth performance. On the final day of the experiment, rumen fluid was collected from sheep using a rumen fluid collector two hours post-feeding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sheep in the PTMR group exhibited significantly higher body weight (p<0.05) and average daily gain (p<0.01) compared to those in the TMR group, although the effect of PTMR on dry matter intake was not statistically significant (p>0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in rumen fermentation parameters between the TMR and PTMR groups. However, analysis of rumen bacteria revealed that the Sob, Ace, Bootstrap, Shannon, and Chao indices were significantly lower in the PTMR group compared to the TMR group (p<0.05). Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the predominant bacteria in all groups, with the abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001 significantly lower in the PTMR group. The relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, NK4A214_group, and Streptococcus was significantly higher in the TMR group than in the PTMR group (p<0.05). Bacterial function prediction showed downregulation of the energy production and conversion pathway in the PTMR group (p<0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that norank_f_Bacteroidales_RF16 positively correlated with butyric acid (p<0.05), while Anaerovibrio negatively correlated with acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and total volatile fatty acids (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, the results demonstrate that PTMR significantly enhances average daily gain in Hu sheep while maintaining rumen fermentation parameters, although accompanied by modifications in rumen bacterial community structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2125-2135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus subtilis: applications in the livestock and poultry industry in recent years: review.","authors":"Xin Zhang, Ji Cao, Shi Zhe Han, Zhi Lin Liu, Ze Lin Jia, Jia Yu Cui, Yu Hang Zhang, Hui Sheng Xiong, Xue Li Wang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0084","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Probiotics, as an alternative to antibiotics, are one of the better choices for ensuring product quality and food safety. Bacillus subtilis is often used in different forms, such as powder, granule, and liquid, in the livestock and poultry industry to produce feed and food additives and other products due to its advantages of high stability, low pathogenicity, high protein secretion capacity, and developed fermentation technology. This article reviews the biological characteristics, physiological functions, and effects on livestock and poultry production, as well as their mechanisms of action, to enhance the positive impact of the rational use of Bacillus subtilis as an additive in animal husbandry, such as feed and livestock food. In addition, this article also evaluates the potential of Bacillus subtilis to mitigate the negative effects of livestock and agricultural cultivation on the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2043-2054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery and functional study of lncRNAs associated with fat deposition in Kele pigs based on whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing.","authors":"Xiong Zhang, Yong Guo, Zhonglong Zhao, Tiansong Wang, Qingshi Wang, Runqian Yang, Zhaobi Ai, Yong Zhang","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0900","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to identify lncRNAs associated with fat deposition in Kele pigs and investigate their molecular regulatory mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six healthy 10-month-old male Kele pigs were selected as the experimental subjects and divided into high backfat thickness (>5%, H) and low backfat thickness group (<5%, L). Subcutaneous adipose tissue of each group was collected for whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Subsequently, the biological functions of identified lncRNAs were investigated to explore their regulatory mechanisms on fat deposition in Kele pigs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RNA-seq revealed 493 differentially expressed lncRNAs (p<0.05), with TCONS_00185937 and TCONS_00161198 implicated in fat deposition. Correlation analysis showed that the expression of TCONS_00185937 was significantly negatively correlated with backfat thickness, and the expression of TCONS_00161198 was significantly positively correlated with backfat thickness, and negatively correlated with eye muscle area. The pEGFP-TCONS_00185937 was transfected into subcutaneous fat precursor cells, it was found that the expression levels of TCONS_00185937 and its target genes MOGAT2 and ATGL were significantly higher than control group (p<0.05). Similarly, pEGFP-TCONS_00161198 transfected cells found that the expression levels of TCONS_00161198 and its target genes CSF3R and ACC were significantly higher than control group (p<0.05). The induced differentiation of transfected cells found that the OD510 absorption value of pEGFP-TCONS_00161198 group was higher than that of the control group. Triglyceride content was significantly higher than that of control group (p<0.01), while OD510 absorption value and triglyceride content of pEGFP-TCONS_00185937 group were lower than that of control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The above results indicate that TCONS_00161198 and TCONS_00185937 may have regulatory effects on their target genes, thereby affecting fat deposition in pig subcutaneous fat precursor cells. This work provides a theoretical basis for the regulation of fat deposition in Kele pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2079-2093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential analysis of milk fatty acids in human, Saanen goat, Holstein cow, and Jersey cow milk at different stages of lactation.","authors":"Yanni Wu, Xiang Cao, YuHao Wang, Rui Gao, Kun Wang, Yuan Yuan, YongJiang Mao, Xiang Chen, ZhangPing Yang, Zhi Chen","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0528","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in fatty acid composition of milk from Holstein cows, Jersey cows, Saanen goats, and humans at different lactation period and to find possible milk that is more suitable as a base for infant milk powder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human breast milk, Saanen milk, Holstein milk, and Jersey milk were collected at different lactation stages. Gas chromatography was used to determine the fatty acid composition of breast milk, Saanen goat's milk, Holstein cow's milk and Jersey cows at different stages of lactation. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between different fatty acids.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that the types and relative contents of fatty acids varied among the different varieties of milk. The main fatty acids in breast milk are palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, which oleic acid is the most abundant. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) differed between lactation stages, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) did not differ significantly. Cow's milk and goat's milk were mainly dominated by SFAs, and Chinese Holstein cow's milk had the highest SFA content (72.54%). Caprylic and capric acids in SFAs were the characteristic fatty acids of goat's milk, and their contents were significantly higher than those of breast milk and cow's milk (p<0.05). The ratio of SFA:MUFA:PUFA breast milk was 1.72:1.45:1, Saanen goat's milk was 14.47:6:1, Chinese Holstein cow's milk was 14.98:4.84:1, and Jersey cow's milk was 13.32:4.47:1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>None of the ruminant milk has the same proportion of fatty acids as breast milk, so none of them can completely replace breast milk. From the perspective of fatty acids, it is a better choice to choose Saanen goat milk or Jersey milk as a base and then add other ingredients to form infant milk powder.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2233-2249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of cornstarch or fermented soybean meal in lactation diet improved sows' nutrient utilization and litter performance during lactation.","authors":"Li Zhe, Hongmei Wen, Fangyuan Chen, Yong Zhuo, Yan Lin, Shengyu Xu, Xuemei Jiang, Lingjie Huang, Lianqiang Che, Bin Feng, De Wu, Takele Feyera, Zhengfeng Fang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0106","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effects of cornstarch (CS) and fermented soybean meal (FSM) substitutions for conventional corn and soybean meal, respectively, on sow's performance, nutrient digestibility, milk composition, and oxidative status during lactation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four lactating sows (8 sows/treatment) were assigned to either a standard lactation diet (CON), a CS diet in which pure CS substituted 60% of starch provided by conventional corn, or FSM diet in which FSM substituted 60% of crude protein provided by soybean meal. The experiment lasted from day 2 to 28 of lactation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with CON, the CS and FSM groups increased piglet live weight (p<0.05) and average daily gain (p<0.10), elevated milk superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (p<0.05), respectively, on day 28, and reduced (p<0.05) milk somatic cell counts on day 28; the CS group had higher (p<0.05) coefficient of apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, and ash but lower (p<0.05) serum β-hydroxybutyric acid and non-esterified fatty acids on day 28.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the use of CS is much more robust in relieving body mobilization although both CS and FSM diets had beneficial effects on piglet performance by improving nutrient digestibility and milk quality of lactating sows.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2185-2195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary medium-chain fatty acid supplementation levels on growth performance, blood parameters, fecal score and metabolites in nursery pigs.","authors":"Chan Ho Kwon, Jannell A Torres, Madison J Mejia, Eva S Safaie, Joseph G Usack, Young Dal Jang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0099","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of increasing medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) supplementation levels on growth performance, blood parameters, fecal score, and metabolites in nursery pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 100 newly weaned pigs (initial body weight: 6.68±0.97 kg) were allotted to 5 treatments in 5 replicates, with 4 pigs per pen for a 28-d feeding trial. Treatments were MCFA supplementation levels at 0.0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, and 1.6%. The 2% soybean oil in the basal diet was replaced with MCFA (a 50:50 blend of free caproic and caprylic acids) on a weight-to-weight basis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing MCFA levels tended to linearly increase the final body weight (p = 0.06) and average daily gain in the overall period (p = 0.06), with no difference in overall average daily feed intake. The gain-to-feed ratio increased linearly in d 7-14 (p = 0.06, tendency) and 14-21 postweaning (p<0.05). Fecal score linearly decreased in d 0-7, 7-14, and 14-21 (p<0.05) postweaning, resulting in a linear reduction in the overall period (p<0.05). Plasma malondialdehyde levels at d 28 postweaning showed a quadratic decrease with increasing MCFA levels with the lowest value at 0.8% (p<0.05). Plasma free fatty acid levels at d 14 postweaning linearly decreased with increasing MCFA levels (p<0.05). Fecal total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations tended to be lower (p = 0.09, tendency) in the MCFA treatments (0.4%-1.6%) than the control treatment (0.0%). There were no differences in plasma superoxide dismutase activity and fecal ammonia concentrations among dietary treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing MCFA supplementation levels up to 1.6% could improve growth rate, feed efficiency, and fecal consistency without affecting feed intake and have the potential to reduce oxidative stress and free fatty acid levels in weaning pigs, while fecal SCFA concentrations could be slightly reduced by MCFA supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2173-2184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}