Animal Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Whole-genome selection signatures identified candidate genes associated with cashmere traits in Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goats.","authors":"Youjun Rong, Xiaofang Ao, Mingxuan Han, Qincheng Xia, Fangzheng Shang, Qi Lv, Zhiying Wang, Rui Su, Yanhong Zhao, Yanjun Zhang, Ruijun Wang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Inner Mongolia cashmere goats are superior indigenous breeds developed through long-term natural selection and systematic artificial selection, which have experienced a certain intensity of selection pressure during the breeding process, leading to bipolar differentiation trends in cashmere traits. Therefore, identifying genomic selection signatures associated with cashmere traits in Inner Mongolia cashmere goats is crucial for breeding high-quality cashmere-producing goats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To unravel the genetic basis of cashmere traits, this study stratified 375 Inner Mongolia cashmere goats into eight subgroups based on breeding values for cashmere traits: high-yield vs low-yield cashmere types (HYCG vs LYCG), fine vs coarse cashmere types (FCG vs CCG), long vs short cashmere types (LCG vs SCG), and long vs short fleece types (LFCG vs SFCG). Whole-genome resequencing was performed for genotyping, followed by detection of selection signatures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results revealed 144, 158, 147, and 147 high-frequency ROH regions in HYCG, FCG, LCG, and LFCG subgroups, respectively, annotating to 515, 565, 510, and 521 genes. Additionally, genomic regions under positive selection were identified using FST, θπ ratios, and XP-EHH methods, with overlapping regions detected by ≥2 methods defined as candidate regions. Gene annotation identified 777, 660, 712, and 726 candidate genes in HYCG vs LYCG, FCG vs CCG, LCG vs SCG, and LFCG vs SFCG comparisons, respectively. These genes were enriched in 3,051 GO terms and 318 KEGG pathways, including Hippo, MAPK, Wnt, PI3K-Akt, and mTOR signaling pathways associated with cashmere growth and development, involving genes such as LGR6, RUNX2,IGF1R, CCNE2, and SEH1L.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we employed four complementary approaches, including ROHs, FST, θπ ratios, and XP-EHH, to identify genomic signatures of selection for cashmere traits in Inner Mongolia cashmere goats. These findings provide valuable insights for improving cashmere production performance and developing novel strains with high-quality cashmere in Inner Mongolia cashmere goats.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein levels alter yak rumen microbiota profiles, meat properties, and longissimus dorsi metabolites.","authors":"Jiyuan Zhang, Shuxiang Wang, Shatuo Chai, Shengchun Xu, Ziming Zeng, Zhilong Wang, Xun Wang, Yingkui Yang, Shujie Liu, Jiaying Lv, Mingliang Wang, Xinjun Zhang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study investigated how varying protein levels in low-energy diets affected the microbiota, meat quality, and metabolomics of the imus dorsi muscle in yaks. The aim was to determine the optimal yak diet for growth and meat quality under low-energy conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four adult male yaks were divided into two groups of 12: the Low-energy, Medium-protein (LM) group and the Low-energy, High-protein (LH) group.The study analysed rumen microbiota and longissimus dorsi muscle metabolites using 16S rDNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomic analysis. The effects of the diets on growth performance, meat quality and microbial community composition were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in growth performance between the LH and LM groups. However, the LH group had a lower pH value at 45 minutes after death and was better for meat colour and tenderness.There were no significant differences in average daily gain, cooking loss, hardness, elasticity, adhesiveness, chewiness, or the pH at 24 hours after death in the longissimus dorsi muscle between the groups. Microbial community analysis revealed no significant differences in diversity indices; however, it did indicate distinct bacterial composition between the groups. Predictions of function suggested the LM group had a higher level of enrichment and a greater number of unique OTUs compared to the LH group.Metabolomic analysis revealed differences in muscle metabolites and metabolic pathways, with the LM group having a higher capacity for fatty acid and selenocompound metabolism, implying greater energy utilisation efficiency and antioxidant function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that a diet with 14% protein, as part of low-energy diets, is best for increasing yak fattening. This is because it improves energy use and antioxidant function, without affecting growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of music on the spatial cognitive performance, growth performance and stress response of sheep.","authors":"Jingyi Tu, Changqing Shen, Ruiling Lei, Lang Li, Shicheng Wang, Siqi Peng, Xiong Xiao, Yongju Zhao, Xiaoyan Qiu","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0416","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of two music types on spatial cognitive ability, growth performance, and psychological cortisol response of sheep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The \"Y-spatial and Reversal Test\", as the internationally recognized behavioral test for spatial cognitive function of large animals, was applied in this study to evaluate the effects of music on spatial cognitive performance of sheep. The average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake, ratio of feed to gain (F/G), and the cortisol release in saliva and plasma were analyzed to evaluate the effect of music on growth performance and stress response of sheep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The music of \"Annie's Wonderland\" (55 dB) could make sheep establish the correct spatial reversal recognition more quickly, while the music of \"Days of Youth Waltz\" (55 dB) made sheep more restless and affected their performance in left-right spatial reversal recognition. The ADG of sheep in the \"Annie's Wonderland\" (55 dB) group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the F/G of the \"Annie's Wonderland\" group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.05). While the ADG in the \"Days of Youth Waltz\" (55 dB) group were significantly lower and the F/G was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). The salivary cortisol secretions of sheep in the \"Annie's Wonderland\" (55 dB) group were significantly lower on Day 7, Day 14 and Day 21 than that of the control group (p<0.05) and the plasma cortisol concentration at the peak (20 min after adrenocorticotropic hormone injection) was also significantly lower than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The music of \"Annie's Wonderland\" (55 dB) could improve the spatial cognitive fuction, increase the ADG and lower the cortisol secretion in sheep, while the music of \"Youth Waltz\" (55 dB) is not recommended since it may negatively impact animal welfare.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1543-1556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of black soldier fly larvae oil (Hermetia illucens L.) calcium salt as an alternative fat source for laying quail diets.","authors":"Hafidz Hukma Shabiyya Armaghoza, Setyo Nugroho, Sungkono Sungkono, Septiyanto Lukman Widodo, Bramasta Cahyo Saputra, Muhammad Anang Aprianto, Muhsin Al Anas","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0289","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to determine the effect of adding saponified black soldier fly larvae oil calcium salt (BSFLO-SCa) to quail feed as an alternative source of fat on laying performance, blood lipid profile, egg quality, and gene expression in lipid metabolism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 120 female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) aged 24 weeks were divided into 3 treatments, each with 8 replications, and each replication consisted of 5 quails in a completely randomized design. The applied treatments were the inclusion of basal feed as a control (T0) and basal feed supplemented with 1% BSFLO-SCa (T1) and 2% BSFLO-SCa (T2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study indicated that the supplementation starting from 1% of BSFLO-SCa significantly decrease (p<0.05) in feed conversion ratio, blood lipid profile (total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol). Gene expression on fat synthesis of fatty acid synthase and cholesterol synthesis of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase downregulated (p<0.05). In addition, the other parameters did not affect by supplementation of 1% BSFLO-SCa. The inclusion at 2% of BSFLO-SCa significantly increased (p<0.05) protein content of yolk and albumen, egg weight, egg shape index, and gene expression on fat oxidation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1. Egg yolk cholesterol, egg albumen ash, haugh unit, and gene expression on fat synthesis of acetyl-CoA carboxylase were significantly reduced (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Addition of 2% BSFLO-SCa in the feed improves performance, egg quality, and reduces cholesterol in the blood and eggs of quail. This improvement is accompanied by a reduction in the expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism. BSFLO-SCa oil has the potential to be an alternative oil source in quail feed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1497-1507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of whole-plant mulberry supplementation on testis development and antioxidant capacity in Hu rams.","authors":"Jiamei Liu, Ziwei Liang, Wanhong Li, Xiuxiu Weng, Xiangpeng Yue, Fadi Li","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0627","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effects of dietary whole-plant mulberry (WM) on testicular development and antioxidant performance in sheep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-four three-month-old Hu sheep were divided into three groups and fed diets containing different proportions of WM (WM0, without WM; WM4, 4% WM; WM8, 8% WM). Following a 70-day feeding trial, 15 individuals from each group were humanely slaughtered. The total cholesterol (T-CHO) levels and antioxidant capacity of the testes were measured. The expression of functional genes was assessed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Leydig cells treated with proanthocyanidins (PCs) at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 20 μM. The total antioxidant capacity level (T-AOC), testosterone (T) level, cell viability, apoptosis and necrosis ratio were assessed. RNA sequencing analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the control (CK) and 10 μM PC groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PCs content in the WM was measured at 56.93±2.146 mg/g. The total (p = 0.06), the left (p = 0.07). and the right (p<0.05) testicular weights were increased in the WM8 group compared to the WM0 group. Compared to the WM0 group, the WM8 group showed decreased T-CHO (p<0.05) and increased T-AOC (p<0.05) in the testis, and the expression of StAR, PPARγ and Bcl2 was significantly increased (p<0.05), while Caspase9 and Caspase3 were significantly decreased (p<0.05). In vitro, supplementation of 10 μM PCs in Leydig cells significantly increased cell viability, T-AOC and T levels, and reduced the necrosis ratio (p<0.05) compared to the CK group. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were significantly enriched in the steroid biosynthesis pathway, p53 signaling pathway, cholesterol metabolism, PPAR signaling pathway, and Hippo signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Supplementation with 8% WM improved antioxidant capacity and stimulated testis development through the promotion of cell proliferation, T synthesis, and antioxidant capacity of Leydig cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1398-1410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary star anise (Illicium verum) supplementation during late gestation and lactation on the performance of multiparous sows and their progeny until 21 days post-weaning.","authors":"Jeong Hyun Moon, Jae Cheol Jang, Minsoo Park, Yoo Yong Kim","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0766","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of star anise (SA) supplementation during late gestation and lactation on the performance of multiparous sows and their progeny until 21 days post-weaning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of forty pregnant sows were individually kept in stalls and allocated into two treatment groups using a completely randomized design based on body weight, backfat thickness, and parity. The treatments consisted of either 0% or 0.1% SA supplementation during late gestation and lactation. Following the lactation period, 160 weaned piglets were used to investigate the imprinting effects of SA. The dietary treatment was continued in a manner that the piglets received the same diet as their littermates. Data collected included serum antioxidant status in sows, milk composition, and stress indicators in piglets, measured at various stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sows fed with SA during late gestation exhibited significantly higher serum total antioxidant status (p<0.03). Additionally, SA supplementation increased lactose content in the milk (p<0.01). Piglets from sows fed the SA diet during late gestation showed lower serum cortisol and epinephrine concentrations at weaning (p<0.01, p<0.04, respectively). SA supplementation during lactation further reduced serum cortisol levels in weaning piglets at one day after weaning (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current experiment indicated that supplementing dietary SA in gestation and lactation diet showed higher serum antioxidant properties in sows and improved the quality of sow milk, consequently enhancing litter performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1484-1496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beta-glucans supplementation for sows during gestation and lactation.","authors":"Julia Delpupo Coelho, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Tiago Silva Andrade, Rayssa Aline Rocha Teixeira, Marcelo Emersom Costa Santos, Ingrid Barbosa de Mendonça, Deborah Marrocos Sampaio Vasconcelos, Isaac Neto Goes da Silva, Manoel Wanamark David Ferreira Filho, Leonardo Augusto Fonseca Pascoal, Ednardo Rodrigues Freitas","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0516","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary beta-glucan supplementation for gestation and lactation sows of 1st, 2nd or 3rd parity on reproductive parameters, litter performance, milk composition and Brix value of colostrum, hemogram and serum immunoglobulin G concentration of sows and piglets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 78 sows were distributed in a completely randomized design, using a 2×3 factorial scheme. This design included two supplementation levels of beta-glucans (0 and 450 mg/kg) and three parities (1st, 2nd, and 3rd), resulting in six treatments with 13 replicates each. Supplementation was administered from the beginning of gestation until the end of lactation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No interaction was observed between supplementation and parity for the analyzed variables. The dietary supplementation of purified beta-glucans did not influence the reproductive performance of sows, litter performance, and the immune response of sows during gestation and lactation. The weight gain and colostrum Brix value were higher (p<0.05) in 2nd and 3rd compared with 1st parity sows.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary supplementation of beta-glucans for gestation and lactation sows of 1st, 2nd, or 3rd parity did not affect the performance of sows and litters; however, 2nd and 3rd parity sows had heavier litters, greater weight gain in the suckling period, and higher values of colostrum Brix than 1st parity sows.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1475-1483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporation of unfermented or fermented de-oiled rice bran meal into a rabbit's diet impacts growth performance, nutrient digestibility, cecal microbiota composition, and intestinal barrier function.","authors":"Shehata Zeid, Sindaye Daniel, Liao Jinghong, Suqin Hang","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0890","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the effects of incorporating unfermented or fermented rice bran meal (RBM) into a rabbit's diet on their growth performance, cecal microbiota, and intestinal health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one male weaned New Zealand White rabbits aged 6 weeks were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n = 7). Rabbits consumed the basal diet in the control (CON) group and the basal diet with a 20% substitution of either unfermented RBM (UFRBM) or fermented RBM (FRBM) for 8 weeks. A combination of Lactobacillus johnsonii L63 with hydrolytic enzymes ([cellulase (100 U/g], phytase [1.25 U/g], and papain [300 U/g]) was used to FRBM for 60 h at 37°C and a pH value of 4.8.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrated that the rabbits' growth performance, serum biochemical variables, and cecal microbiota for α and β diversities at the phylum level didn't differ among the treatments. The nutrient digestibility, cecal and jejunal morphology, or α-amylase and trypsin activities increased in the FRBM group than the CON and UFRBM groups, while the catalase and malondialdehyde activities decreased in the UFRBM group (p<0.05). The solute carrier families 15 and 5 levels were higher in the FRBM group than the UFRBM and CON groups, while the UFRBM group improved the levels of the solute carrier family 1, occludin, and V9D2013 group at the genus level than the FRBM and CON groups (p<0.05). The abundance of glycolysis-to-gluconeogenesis was increased in the FRBM and UFRBM groups compared to the CON group (p<0.05). The total short-chain fatty acid, acetate, and butyrate concentrations were, respectively, improved in the FRBM group than the CON and UFRBM groups (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The two formulas incorporating 20% of UFRBM or FRBM in rabbit diet should be recommended to farmers, particularly the FRBM, to decrease the reliance on corn and soybean meal for rabbit production.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1459-1474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone supplementation on growth performance, serum antioxidant capacity, rumen fermentation characteristics, rumen bacterial quorum sensing, and microbial community in Hu sheep.","authors":"Chuanpei Fu, Jing Ge, Mingren Qu, Kehui Ouyang, Qinghua Qiu","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0683","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone (HDMF) on growth performance, serum antioxidant capacity, rumen fermentation characteristics, rumen microbial LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing, and community composition in Hu sheep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-two male Hu sheep with similar body weights (19.97±0.41 kg) and ages (66.75±2.11 days) were evenly divided into two groups: the control group, receiving a basal diet (n = 11, CON), and the treatment group, receiving the basal diet supplemented with an additional 1.0 g/d of HDMF (n = 11, HDMF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed no significant differences in average daily gain, average daily dry matter intake, and feed conversion ratio between the HDMF and CON groups (p>0.05), but numerical improvements of 11.12%, 4.55%, and 7.56% were observed, respectively. Compared to the CON group, the HDMF group exhibited elevated levels of serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, and decreased levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, as well as a reduced oxidative stress index (p<0.05). Dietary HDMF supplementation did not affect rumen fermentation characteristics, except for the proportion of valerate (p<0.05). HDMF supplementation increased the AI-2 signaling molecules concentration and biofilm formation in the rumen fluid (p<0.05). No substantial differences were seen in the richness and evenness of rumen microbes between the HDMF and CON groups. Principal coordinates analysis and nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses revealed an obvious overlap between the two groups, and analysis of similarities also indicated no significant differences (R = 0.0116, p = 0.303). Subsequent species annotation and biomarker analysis revealed that the HDMF group reduced the abundances of Shuttleworthia, Eubacterium eligens group, and Erysipelotrichaceae UCG 002, and increased the abundances of Riknellaceae RC9 gut group, Prevotellaceae UCG 003, Desulfobulbus, Methanobrevibacter, and Selenomonas ruminantium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that HDMF supplementation enhances the body's antioxidant capacity and increases the abundances of certain disease-resistant bacteria by promoting AI-2 signaling molecules and biofilm formation, thereby ultimately contributing to the enhanced growth performance of Hu sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1422-1434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of microencapsulated phytonutrients from fruit peel pellet on rumen fermentation efficiency, in vitro degradability, methane production and microbial diversity.","authors":"Sukruthai Sommai, Chanon Suntara, Maharach Matra, Srisan Phupaboon, Gamonmas Dagaew, Chaichana Suriyapha, Rittikeard Prachumchai, Metha Wanapat","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0660","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study aimed to determine the impact of supplementing fruit peel pellet microencapsulated phytonutrients (mMARABAC) on rumen fermentation efficiency, in vitro degradability, methane production, and microbial diversity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The experiment was completely random, and the dietary treatments were mMARABAC supplements at 0, 5, 10, and 15 mg/500 mg dry matter (DM) of substrate (rice straw and concentrate).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experiment's results demonstrated that mMARABAC supplementation significantly affected the gas production from the insoluble fraction (b), rate of gas production value (c), and potential extent of gas (|a|+b) value (p<0.05), while the soluble fraction of gas production (a) was not influenced by the treatments. Furthermore, mMARABAC increased the cumulative gas at 96 h after incubation (p<0.05) when mMARABAC was supplemented with 5 mg of total DM substrate. However, mMARABAC supplementation did not have an effect on in vitro degradability of dry matter (p>0.05). The supplementation of mMARABAC did not significantly affect ruminal pH and NH3-N (p>0.05). Additionally, there was linearly (p<0.05) decreased CH4 production at 24 hours of incubation. The mMARABAC supplementation to the diet did not affect the concentration of total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid (C2), propionic acid (C3), butyric acid, or the C2:C3 ratio (p>0.05). The effect of mMARABAC supplementation on Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Megasphaera elsdenii was different between treatments (p<0.05), while the mMARABAC supplement had an effect on Methanobacterial (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggested that ruminants could use agricultural by-products as a source of phytonutrients by supplementing with mMARABAC at 5 mg/500 mg DM of substrate.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1435-1445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}