Differential analysis of milk fatty acids in human, Saanen goat, Holstein cow, and Jersey cow milk at different stages of lactation.

IF 2.5 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Animal Bioscience Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-31 DOI:10.5713/ab.24.0528
Yanni Wu, Xiang Cao, YuHao Wang, Rui Gao, Kun Wang, Yuan Yuan, YongJiang Mao, Xiang Chen, ZhangPing Yang, Zhi Chen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in fatty acid composition of milk from Holstein cows, Jersey cows, Saanen goats, and humans at different lactation period and to find possible milk that is more suitable as a base for infant milk powder.

Methods: Human breast milk, Saanen milk, Holstein milk, and Jersey milk were collected at different lactation stages. Gas chromatography was used to determine the fatty acid composition of breast milk, Saanen goat's milk, Holstein cow's milk and Jersey cows at different stages of lactation. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between different fatty acids.

Results: The results show that the types and relative contents of fatty acids varied among the different varieties of milk. The main fatty acids in breast milk are palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, which oleic acid is the most abundant. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) differed between lactation stages, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) did not differ significantly. Cow's milk and goat's milk were mainly dominated by SFAs, and Chinese Holstein cow's milk had the highest SFA content (72.54%). Caprylic and capric acids in SFAs were the characteristic fatty acids of goat's milk, and their contents were significantly higher than those of breast milk and cow's milk (p<0.05). The ratio of SFA:MUFA:PUFA breast milk was 1.72:1.45:1, Saanen goat's milk was 14.47:6:1, Chinese Holstein cow's milk was 14.98:4.84:1, and Jersey cow's milk was 13.32:4.47:1.

Conclusion: None of the ruminant milk has the same proportion of fatty acids as breast milk, so none of them can completely replace breast milk. From the perspective of fatty acids, it is a better choice to choose Saanen goat milk or Jersey milk as a base and then add other ingredients to form infant milk powder.

人、萨宁奶山羊、中国荷斯坦奶牛和泽西奶牛不同泌乳期牛奶脂肪酸的差异分析。
目的:研究不同哺乳期荷斯坦奶牛、泽西奶牛、萨南山羊和人类母乳中脂肪酸组成的差异,寻找母乳的可能替代品。方法:采集不同哺乳期的人乳、萨宁乳、荷斯坦乳和泽西乳。采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)测定母乳、萨宁乳、羊奶、荷斯坦乳和泽西奶牛不同泌乳期的脂肪酸组成。采用Pearson相关分析分析不同脂肪酸之间的相关性。结果:不同品种牛奶中脂肪酸的种类和相对含量存在差异。同一动物在不同的哺乳期具有不同数量的相同种类的乳脂肪酸。这可能是由不同哺乳期的饮食和体内激素的产生引起的。母乳中的脂肪酸主要有棕榈酸、油酸和亚油酸,其中油酸含量最多。不同哺乳期的饱和脂肪酸(sfa)和单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFAs)含量不同,而多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)含量差异不显著。结论:泽西奶牛的脂肪酸组成与母乳的比例更接近,而羊奶的mufa相对含量更高。一般来说,这些反刍动物的奶都不能直接替代母乳。选择其中一种作为基础,再添加不同量的脂肪酸和其他营养物质,以达到婴儿配方奶粉的标准。萨宁羊奶和泽西牛奶是比荷斯坦牛奶更好的选择。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Animal Bioscience
Animal Bioscience AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
223
审稿时长
3 months
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