Animal Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Whole steamed corn enhances growth performance and alters rumen microbiota in fattening lambs.","authors":"Yuhua He, Xuezhao Sun","doi":"10.5713/ab.250524","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of four processing methods: intact corn (IT), ground corn (GD; ground to 2 mm), steam-flaked corn (SF; steamed at 85°C-100°C for 90 min and flaked to 2.5 mm thickness), and whole steamed corn (WS; steamed at 85°C-100°C for 90 min without flaking), on growth performance, digestibility, blood biochemistry, rumen microbiota, carcass traits, and meat quality in fattening lambs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-four male crossbred lambs (Small tailed Han×Northeastern Fine wool; 4.5 months; 34.2±3.5 kg) were blocked by stratifying body weight and then randomly assigned to four treatments (n = 21), each with 50% (as-fed) corn in the diet. In GD and WS treatments, corn was pelleted with other ingredients; in IT and SF treatments, corn was fed separately alongside non-corn pellets at a 1:1 (as-fed) ratio. After a 14 d adaptation period, lambs were fed for 60 d. Body weights were recorded on d 0, 30, and 60; blood samples were collected on d 31 and 60; and rumen fluid was sampled on d 35. Apparent total tract digestibility was determined by total fecal collection in a subset of lambs, and six lambs per treatment were slaughtered for carcass evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lambs fed the WS diet showed the greatest average daily gain (ADG) at 319 g/d, improving 22%, 24%, and 7% over GD (261 g/d), SF (257 g/d), and IT (298 g/d) diets, respectively (p = 0.013). Dry matter intake did not differ significantly among treatments (p = 0.307), though WS, GD, and IT numerically exceeded SF by 6.7%-10.8%. Apparent total tract dry matter digestibility was greatest in SF (74.1%) and WS (72.1%), exceeding GD (69.3%) and IT (66.3%; p = 0.001) for the overall diet. Corn processing also altered rumen microbiota: WS tended to increase Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG 002 abundance sixfold over IT, SF enriched Actinobacteria, and IT uniquely harbored minor phyla such as Acidobacteriota. Hot carcass weight tended to be higher in WS (18.4% over GD; p = 0.078), while heart and kidney indices were greater in IT and SF (p<0.05). Meat quality parameters were not significantly affected by corn processing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Whole steamed corn enhanced growth performance, likely associated with improved starch utilization and modulation of the rumen microbiota, without compromising meat quality. Compared with grinding or flaking, steaming corn kernels provided a practical and energy-efficient approach, yielding 22%-24% higher ADG. Further research should refine steaming conditions and evaluate the economic viability of this method.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145501677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual trends in heterozygosity of Korea native cattle (Hanwoo) based on microsatellite markers.","authors":"Eunho Kim, Changgwon Dang, Jaebeom Cha, Hyukkee Chang, Haseung Seong, Sangmin Lee, Woncheoul Park, Jongan Lee, Haesu Ko, Mahboob Alam, Dongkyu Lee, Eunah Ryu, Chaeyoung Lee, Ryunha Kim, Wooyoung Jung, Mina Park","doi":"10.5713/ab.250594","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>High-qulity Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) semen yields calves with better genetics, significantly enhancing farm profits. However, the repeated use of this semen can reduce heterozygosity and genetic diversity in the Hanwoo population, potentially compromising parentage verification accuracy. This study was conducted to analyze large-scale microsatellite (MS) marker data to evaluate the heterozygosity of Hanwoo cows and the discriminatory power of the MS marker set currently used for parentage verification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved Hanwoo cows from farms participating in the Hanwoo cow improvement project, utilizing MS marker data from 778,544 heads collected for parentage verification since 2012. Heterozygosity (HObs), expected heterozygosity (HExp), polymorphism information content (PIC), and the inbreeding coefficient within populations (FIS) were estimated using R version 4.3.3 and Cervus version 3.0.7.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed average values of HObs, HExp, and PIC were 0.771, 0.768, and 0.736, respectively. Heterozygosity by marker suggested a gradual decrease in variability for most markers post-2010. After 2010, the analysis of over 10,000 animals led to a decrease in variance of sample statistics, improving the accuracy of estimates. The FIS values suggest that the population is approaching Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and that inbreeding risk is being effectively managed through planned breeding programs. To assess trends in genetic differentiation over time, we grouped individuals by birth year (2001-23) and calculated pairwise genetic differentiation values. The values ranged from 0.0003 to 0.0081, indicating low genetic differentiation and suggesting temporal genetic stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that the Hanwoo population has high genetic diversity and low fixation, and that the current MS marker set remains reliable for future parentage verification.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250594"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147484210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary glycine and betaine on productive performance, liver health, intestinal characteristics, and stress response in aged laying hens under heat stress conditions.","authors":"Deok Yun Kim, Ryun Ha Kim, Hyun Woo Kim, Ji Hye Lee, Dong Yong Kil","doi":"10.5713/ab.250618","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary glycine (Gly) and betaine (Bet) on productive performance, egg quality, liver health, intestinal characteristics, and stress response in aged laying hens under heat stress (HS) conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 384 aged laying hens were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement, including 2 supplemental levels of Gly (0% and 0.65%) and Bet (0% and 0.20%) in diets. Each treatment had 8 replicates. All hens were exposed to a cyclic HS condition at 31.7±1.7°C for 8 hour/day and 27.2±1.3°C for the remaining time during a 12-week feeding trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No main and interactive effects of dietary Gly and Bet supplementation were identified for productive performance and egg quality in aged laying hens under HS conditions. However, for the main effects, Gly supplementation decreased liver color score (p<0.01) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (p<0.05), while Bet supplementation also decreased liver MDA levels (p<0.05). An improvement in intestinal barrier function (p<0.01) and a decrease in feather corticosterone concentrations (p<0.01) were observed by individual and combined supplementation of Gly and Bet. However, combined supplementation of Gly and Bet showed no synergistic benefits over individual supplementation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary supplementation of 0.65% Gly and 0.20% Bet improved liver health, intestinal barrier function, and reduced stress responses in aged laying hens under HS conditions with little interactive effects of their combined supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145501638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of simultaneous supplementation of 3-phytase and 6-phytase on phosphorus and calcium digestibility in growing pigs.","authors":"Hyunseok Do, Beob Gyun Kim","doi":"10.5713/ab.250775","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to determine the effects of supplemental 3-phytase, 6-phytase, or both on total tract digestibility of phosphorus (P) and calcium in cornsoybean meal-based diets fed to growing pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve barrows with an initial body weight of 63.1±3.0 kg were allotted to a triplicated 4×3 incomplete Latin square design with 4 diets and 3 periods to obtain 9 observations per diet. The experimental diets comprised 1) a control diet based on 73.3% corn and 23.0% soybean meal without inorganic P source or supplemental phytase, 2) the control diet supplemented with 1,000 phytase unit (FTU)/kg of 3-phytase, 3) the control diet supplemented with 1,000 FTU/kg of 6-phytase, and 4) the control diet supplemented with both 3-phytase at 500 FTU/kg and 6-phytase at 500 FTU/kg.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supplemental phytase reduced (p<0.05) the daily P output from pigs regardless of the phytase source or the combination of the 2 phytase sources. The pigs fed the diet supplemented with 6-phytase or both 3-phytase and 6-phytase had less daily P output compared with those fed the diet supplemented with only 3-phytase (p<0.05). The total tract digestibility of P in pigs fed the diet supplemented with both 3-phytase and 6-phytase was greater (p<0.05) than those fed the control diet or the diet supplemented with only 3-phytase. The apparent total tract digestibility of calcium in pigs fed the diet supplemented with 6-phytase or both 3-phytase and 6-phytase was greater compared with the control group (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taken together, supplemental phytase increased P digestibility in cornsoybean meal-based diets fed to growing pigs regardless of the phytase sources and the effects of supplemental phytase on the P and calcium digestibility were most pronounced in the mixture of 3-phytase and 6-phytase.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250775"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic signatures of selection reveal genetic mechanisms underlying economic traits in Licha black pigs.","authors":"Jiajia Liu, Zhe Tian, Mubin Yu, Wenwen Li, Pengcheng Lv, Tao Wang, Yu Tian, Shuer Zhang, Junjie Wang, Wei Shen","doi":"10.5713/ab.250712","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Licha black pig (LC) is a Chinese indigenous breed that is nationally protected, recognized for its superior meat quality and strong environmental adaptability. However, the population has experienced a rapid decline due to extensive crossbreeding with commercial lines. Understanding the genetic basis of economically important traits is crucial for conservation and genomic improvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Whole-genome resequencing was performed on 120 LC pigs and combined with genomic data from 285 pigs representing 32 global populations, including wild boars, commercial breeds, and other Chinese indigenous pigs. Population structure was investigated using phylogenetic trees, principal component analysis, ADMIXTURE and TreeMix analysis. Selection signatures were identified through four complementary approaches (FST, θπ ratio, XP-CLR, and Tajima's D). Candidate genes were examined through functional enrichment analysis, protein structure prediction, and cross-referencing with trait association and tissue-specific expression databases. Phenotypic data on body size and teat number were also collected in LC pigs for targeted genotype-phenotype analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phylogenetic analyses showed clear stratification among global pig populations, with Chinese indigenous breeds significantly separated by the Qinling-Huaihe Line. LC pigs formed a distinct genetic cluster between northern Chinese and European breeds. Selective sweep analyses identified several candidate genes under positive selection, including SOCS6 and ATP2B4 (skeletal muscle development), RASAL2 (adipogenesis), and DOCK2 (male fertility). Trait-focused analyses identified ZNRF3 as a major locus for body size, with a missense mutation (g.46228935G>A; Gln→Arg) predicted to influence Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Signals of selection in ADGRB3, a gene potentially involved in teat patterning and mammary gland vascularization, were associated with variation in teat number.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our genomic analyses provide new insights into the genetic architecture of economically important traits and environmental adaptation in the LC. These findings provide a foundation for genomic-informed selective breeding and present valuable molecular tools for the genetic improvement and sustainable utilization of this indigenous genetic resource.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145659822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into nanostructured lipid carriers for the effective delivery of bioactives in swine and poultry health: review.","authors":"Noor Saba, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Do Thi Cat Toung, Sungyeon Chin, Lin Lat La Min, Adhimoolam Karthikeyan, Dong I Lee, Ji-Yeon Chun, Taesun Min","doi":"10.5713/ab.250901","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are promising in target and efficient delivery of bioactive compounds with high loading capacity of bioactives, better physical stability, better encapsulation efficiency, solubility and bioavailability in comparison to the traditional delivery systems for lipophilic and hydrophobic bioactives such as essential oils and phytochemicals as well as functional feed ingredients. There are different types of NLCs combining solid lipid and liquid lipid in a single nanoparticulate matrix that have advantages over other drug delivery systems. The NLCs can be synthesized in form of imperfect, amorphous, oil-enriched, surface modified or functionalized, hybrid or composite and multiple-compartment or double-shell NLCs. Moreover, the synthesized NLCs safety, efficacy, toxicity, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading and releasing capacity, reproducibility in large scale were evaluated. The application of NLCs for the effective and target delivery of bioactive compounds are widely reported in biomedical and therapeutic studies. However, utilization of NLCs for the effective delivery of bioactive compounds is very limited in swine and poultry health. There are some recent studies reported that NLCs with can enhance growth, antioxidant capacity, immunity, gut health and microbiome as well as disease resistance in swine and poultry. This review focuses on recent developments and future prospects of utilizing NLCs in swine and poultry health management. Regardless of the potential beneficial effects of NLCs in nanodelivery of bioactive compounds, further research on long-term field oriented studies in livestock and poultry farms and economic analysis of manufactured NLCs should be conducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250901"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146177262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The additive from co-fermented edible plants and probiotics improved calves' growth performance and health by regulating antioxidant and gastrointestinal-microbiota.","authors":"Yi-Ou Xu, Qing-Hua Wu, Xiang-Long Zhang, Xiu-Jie Yin, Yong-Gen Zhang, Yang Li, Xiu-Jing Dou","doi":"10.5713/ab.250112","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to assess effects of supplemented co-fermented edible plants and probiotics (AEPP) on growth performance, disease resistance, plasma and rumen metabolites, and bacterial communities in the rumen and feces of pre-weaned calves.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty female Holstein calves (7±0.50 d, 41.65±6.20 kg) were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: the control group or the treatment group (30 g/head/day AEPP supplementation). Growth performance, blood, and fecal samples were measured on regular basis. On day 30 of the trial, rumen fluid and fecal samples were collected for multi-omics analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dietary supplementation with AEPP enhanced calf growth and improved disease resistance, as evidenced by a reduced incidence of respiratory disease and diarrhea and a decreased frequency of antibiotic therapy (p<0.05). The treatment group exhibited enrichment of rumen microorganisms Prevotella, Ruminococcus, and Xylanibacter (linear discriminant analysis>2, p<0.05), along with increased activity in beneficial metabolites such as indoleacetic acid, which activated starch and sucrose metabolism and tryptophan metabolism pathway. This intervetion significantly improved average daily gain, feed efficiency, immunoglobulin G, total superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, as well as significantly reduced levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 (p<0.05), promoting calf growth and health. The elevated abundance of fecal microorganisms, Subdoligranulum and Bifidobacterium, in the treatment group altered fecal pH, short-chain fatty acids, and butyrate proportions (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Feeding AEPP improved growth performance, disease resistance, and antioxidant function. It altered the bacterial communities and metabolic profiles in the rumen and feces of preweaning dairy calves, providing a data reference for the use of AEPP in young ruminant production.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated peptidogenomics decoding yak non-conventional peptides: functional mapping and biopotential mining of genetic resources.","authors":"Jingyun Chen, Lu Yang, Weilu Zhang, Yili Liu, Yong Wei, Li Wang, Mingfeng Jiang, Biao Li","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0408","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Non-conventional peptides play a key role fundamental biological processes in basic plants and animals. This study investigates adaptive molecular genetic mechanisms of yaks from the perspective of non-coding peptides (NCPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established an integrated peptidogenomic pipeline, featuring a customized six-frame translation database using high-throughput mass spectrometry, which was utilized for the large-scale identification of NCPs in several vital organs/tissues of yaks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In contrast to conventional peptides, these NCPs exhibit unique properties derived from introns, untranslated regions (UTRs), out-of-frame exons, and intergenic regions. Additionally, our findings indicate that translation events are more prevalent in unannotated transcripts than previously understood. Through transcriptome analysis and ribosome mapping analysis, 727 NCPs were identified as derived from long non-coding RNA and 944 NCPs were from circular RNA. Interestingly, the number of hydrophobic amino acids in NCPs was found to exceed that of hydrophilic amino acids in almost all tissues; in contrast to the findings for CPs, where the reverse was observed. The findings suggest a potential role in the maintenance of protein stability and minimizing the effects of oxidative stress. Furthermore, the in vitro antioxidant activity of the 38 candidate peptides further confirmed their physiological functions; however, specific physiological mechanisms require further investigation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, this study demonstrates that a substantial portion of the yak genome can be translated into biologically functional molecules, which is crucial for functional genome research. These unique molecules will serve as basic data for future biomedical development and treatment of plateau diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a dual-purpose 60K single nucleotide polymorphism chip for simultaneous genotyping of chicken and duck.","authors":"Jinhyeong Kim, Eunjin Cho, Minjun Kim, Jaewon Kim, Dongwon Seo, Jung-Woo Choi, Won-Hyong Chung, Yeongkuk Kim, Hyojun Choo, Jun Heon Lee","doi":"10.5713/ab.250809","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chickens and ducks represent the most important poultry species within the livestock industry. However, the availability of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips for these species is limited, and development of separate chips for each species requires considerable expense. To address this limitation, we developed the first poultry SNP chip applicable to both species simultaneously. The 60K SNP chip comprises 30,816 SNPs for chickens and 35,209 SNPs for ducks. The performance of the chip was evaluated using non-pooled datasets (chicken only and duck only) and a pooled dataset combining chicken and duck DNA to verify that genotyping accuracy was maintained without crossspecies interference.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DNA was extracted from 28 Korean native chickens and 28 Korean native ducks. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina platform, employing chicken-only, duck-only, and pooled chicken-duck SNP panels. Genotype accuracy and concordance were evaluated with PLINK. Sample and SNP quality were assessed in accordance with the Illumina genotyping protocol. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to evaluate and compare the chicken-duck pooled dataset with the non-pooled datasets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean genotype concordance of non-pooled (chicken only and duck only) datasets exceeded 99%, while concordance between non-pooled and chicken-duck pooled datasets surpassed 97.8%. All datasets satisfied quality thresholds for call rate, GenCall score, 10% GenCall score, and cluster separation. PCA revealed consistent clustering patterns, with no significant differences observed between non-pooled and pooled datasets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The first, at the best of our knowledge, poultry SNP chip incorporating chicken-duck pooled samples, has been successfully developed and validated. This chip provides reliable genotyping performance for both species and presents a cost-effective option for large-scale SNP chip development in the livestock industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145780215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen balance and yolk corticosterone levels of laying hens fed low-protein diets from 33 to 64 weeks of age.","authors":"Sunhoo Moon, Yun-Ji Heo, Jina Park, Da-Hye Kim, Kyung-Woo Lee","doi":"10.5713/ab.250814","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to investigate the effects of varying dietary crude protein levels on laying performance, nitrogen balance, odor emission, and yolk corticosterone in laying hens from 33 to 64 weeks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two hundred and forty laying hens (Hy-Line Brown) were randomly assigned to one of four varying protein diets from 18.5% to 12.5% at 33-45 weeks, from 18.0% to 12.0% at 46 to 55 weeks, and from 17.0% to 11.0% at 56 to 64 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Laying performance (i.e., egg weight, egg production, and egg mass, p<0.05) was linearly declined with decreasing dietary crude protein levels. Eggshell thickness decreased (quadratic effect, p = 0.033) at 44 weeks of age, while increased (linear effect, p<0.001) at 52 weeks of age as dietary protein levels lowered. Decreasing dietary protein levels linearly increased (p<0.05) Haugh unit at 52 and 64 weeks. Apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein increased at 45 and 55 weeks of age as dietary protein levels decreased. Lowering dietary protein levels increased the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (linear effect, p = 0.012) but decreased (linear effect, p = 0.021) uric acid levels in serum samples at 64 weeks of age. Nitrogen excretion linearly declined as dietary protein levels decreased at all ages. Among the odors analyzed, fecal volatile fatty acids increased at 55 weeks of age with decreasing dietary protein levels. Finally, yolk corticosterone was not altered by dietary protein levels during the laying cycle.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is concluded that decreasing dietary protein levels fortified with limiting amino acids can be applied to mitigate nitrogen excretion without affecting nutritionmediated stress in laying hens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250814"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145780212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}