Animal Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of semen preservation methods and in vitro fertilisation embryo quality in Simmental cattle.","authors":"Kai Hu, Fei Huang, Hong Chen, Hui-Min Qu, Xiao-Peng Li, Xue-Yan Wang, Jie-Ru Wang, Peng Niu, Di Fang, Qing-Hua Gao","doi":"10.5713/ab.250410","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Semen quality plays a crucial role in embryo formation in cattle. This study aims to compare the effects of 0°C refrigerated semen and liquid nitrogen-frozen semen on the quality of in vitro fertilized embryos in Simmental cattle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semen from six bulls was devidedt equally into two groups. One was diluted with cold storage solution and stored at 0°C for 72 h; the other with cryopreservation solution and preserved in liquid nitrogen for 72 h. Post-storage, sperm quality (motility, progressive motility via computer-assisted sperm analysis, and acrosome/plasma membrane integrity) was assessed, along with malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, adenosine triphosphate, and mitochondrial membrane potential levels. For in vitro fertilisation (IVF), oocytes from Simmental cows (>50 per group) were inseminated with the two semen groups. At 45 h post-IVF, embryo cleavage rate was recorded; on day 8, blastocyst rate was determined. Embryos then underwent BrdU staining (proliferation) and TUNEL staining (apoptosis), with proliferation and apoptosis levels quantified via marker genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that compared with liquid nitrogen-frozen semen, 0°C refrigerated semen exhibited significantly higher sperm motility, forward motility rate, acrosome integrity, and plasma membrane integrity (p<0.05). in vitro fertilized embryos also exhibited significant increases in quality and quantity (cleavage rate and blastocyst rate) (p<0.05), and embryos derived from 0°C refrigerated semen contained significantly more proliferating cells (p<0.05) and fewer apoptotic cells (p<0.05) than those from frozen semen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that 0°C refrigerated semen is superior to liquid nitrogen frozen semen in terms of sperm quality parameters and in vitro embryo development.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145601788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-cohort transcriptomic meta-analysis identifies conserved melanogenesis signatures and developmental background in black-boned chicken breast muscle.","authors":"Ming Qu, Yiming Diao, Linglu Ou, Ji Cao, Haiping Liang, Qing Wei, Jianzhen Huang, Yong Cui","doi":"10.5713/ab.260430","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.260430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to identify conserved transcriptomic signatures associated with melanin deposition in black-boned chicken breast muscle and to distinguish robust pigmentation signals from normal breast muscle developmental and breedbackground effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RNA-seq datasets of public breast muscle were integrated from three pigmentation-related cohorts, comprising 53 samples alongside one ordinary breast muscle background cohort, which included 42 samples. Gene-level effects were estimated using Salmon, tximport, and DESeq2, followed by random-effects meta-analysis, leave-one-cohortout analysis, background filtering, candidate layering, and exploratory signature score analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the pigmentation-related cohorts, 14,139 genes were eligible for meta-analysis, with 257 genes reached meta false discovery rate <0.05. Notably, PMEL, TYRP1, DCT, and TYR showed significant and directionally consistent upregulation in the breast muscle of black-boned chicken. Among the 227 significant and direction-consistent meta-analysis genes, 156 were identified by the background cohort at the prespecified threshold, including 145 background-development genes and 11 pigmentation-development backgroundoverlap genes. KIT was the only melanogenesis-enriched gene not identified by the background filter. The 11 candidates related to muscle phenotype showed consistent association with pigmentation comparisons, whereas canonical myogenic regulators did not achieve meta-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study confirmed conserved melanogenesis anchors and identified 11 muscle-phenotype-related genes, rather than canonical myogenic regulators, as the primary reproducible muscle-context signals associated with melanin deposition in blackboned chicken breast muscle.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"260430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148315360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary supplementation of cysteamine promotes Hu lamb growth performance via somatotropic axis potentiation.","authors":"Qinwu Li, Tongtong Xie, Xuan Wang, Fadi Li, Fei Li, Tao Guo, Long Guo","doi":"10.5713/ab.250803","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cysteamine (CS) is known for its ability to regulate hormone secretion. Although widely used as a growth promoter for ruminants, long-term administration at high doses results in intestinal ulceration and growth retardation. We have previously demonstrated that long-term supplementing 20 mg CS/kg body weight (BW) does not affect growth performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the impacts of 30 mg CS kg-1 BW administered for 30 days on growth performance, hormonal profiles, rumen fermentation parameters, rumen bacterial communities, and muscle characteristics in Hu lambs. This dosage and duration regimen was effective in promoting growth performance while avoiding the ruminal negative effects observed at higher doses. Thirty-six male Hu lambs were randomly assigned to two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CS supplementation exhibited increased final BW, average daily gain, and dry matter intake during the first 21 days of the experimental period (p<0.05). Hormonal analysis revealed that CS supplementation increased the levels of growth hormone, luteinizing hormone in the pituitary, testosterone (T) in the testis, and insulin-like growth factor I in the serumwhile decreasing the levels of somatostatin in the hypothalamus and serum (p<0.05). Rumen fermentation analysis indicated an increase in total volatile fatty acids and the proportion of valerate (p<0.05), while the proportion of acetate and the acetate/propionate ratio decreased (p<0.05). Muscle analysis revealed decreased mRNA expression levels of MyHCIIb (p<0.05) in the longissimus dorsi muscle. Western blot analysis showed increased expression of mTOR proteins, along with an elevated phosphorylation level of mTOR (p<0.05) in the longissimus dorsi muscle.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, this study demonstrates that dietary CS supplementation enhances growth performance in Hu lambs by improving rumen function and modulating somatotropic axis hormones.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250803"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148315318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzyme-treated soybean meal in diets for weanling pigs: review.","authors":"Leidy J Torres-Mendoza, Hans H Stein","doi":"10.5713/ab.250731","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the present contribution is to provide a summary of the nutritional value of enzyme-treated soybean meal (ESBM) and review effects of ESBM on growth performance of weanling pigs. Guidelines for inclusion rates of ESBM in diets for weanling pigs will also be provided based on the published literature. The literature review was conducted in May 2024 by searching Google Scholar and PubMed for experiments in which ESBM was included in diets for weanling pigs, using Boolean queries implemented with Biopython/Entrez. A total of 24 unique papers were identified. These papers were manually reviewed to verify their relevance to the specific topics of composition, digestibility, and health/performance outcomes. Enzyme-treated soybean meal contains 48.3% to 57.7% crude protein, is rich in amino acids, and has elevated small-peptide fractions. Antinutritional factors such as raffinose and stachyose were reduced by 50% and 90%, respectively, compared with conventional soybean meal (SBM), and trypsin inhibitors are reduced to 1.7 units per mg. Enzyme-treated SBM also contains more fiber, but less monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, than SBM. Enzyme-treated SBM was associated with fewer gastrointestinal disturbances, favorable changes in intestinal microbiota, and improved intestinal barrier indices. In most experiments, pigs fed ESBM had improved growth performance and less diarrhea compared with pigs fed diets containing conventional SBM. Most experiments that examined the nutritional value of ESBM concluded that ESBM supports improved nutrient utilization, growth performance, and health in weanling pigs and on average, inclusion rates of 4% to 10% is recommended. In conclusion, Enzyme-treated SBM has greater concentration of protein and contains fewer antinutritional factors than conventional SBM, which results in greater intestinal health and improved growth performance of weanling pigs if the inclusion rate of ESBM is 4% to 10% in diets for newly weaned pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250731"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High abdominal fat deposition was regulated by abdominal fatty acid synthesis related genes and reduced reproduction in late stage of Chinese indigenous Wannan yellow chicken.","authors":"Hailiang Yu, Lei Wu, Hao Wang, Chenxu Yuan, Jiajia Shi, Qianyun Ji, Yaru Bai, Xiaoli Zhu, Liping Guo, Cheng Zhang, Xingyong Chen","doi":"10.5713/ab.250869","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Indigenous chicken breeds have poorer reproductive performance than commercial laying hens. This study aims to elucidate the impact of abdominal fat deposition on the reproductive performance of indigenous chickens, providing a theoretical basis for the breeding of high-yielding chickens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pure-bred dam line selected from Wannan yellow chickens at 60 wk of age was used to measure abdominal fat thickness using colored ultrasound. The hens were divided into two groups: high abdominal fat thickness (HF) and low abdominal fat thickness (LF). Egg production was recorded individually and compared in two connective generations. The concentrations of blood lipid, hatchability, and the expression of lipid synthesisrelated genes in various tissue were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The abdominal fat and skin thickness were significantly greater in the HF group than that of the LF group. At 60 wk of age, the egg production of the LF group was significantly higher than that of the HF group in the two generations. Abdominal fat thickness ranging from 0.4 to 1.0 cm was associated with the highest egg production. The rate of healthy embryos was significantly reduced in the HF group. Serum VLDL was significantly higher in HF than that of the LF at all detection stages. The expression of genes related with fatty acid synthesis showed no significant differences between the liver and ovary in the two groups. However, the expression of ACACB, ITGAV and ZC3H12A was significantly lower in HF group than that of the LF group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The increased abdominal fat thickness of Wannan yellow chickens resulted in decreased egg production and hatchability during the late laying period (60 wk). Genes associated with fatty acid synthesis are expressed in abdominal fat, rather than in the liver, responsible for fat deposition in abdomen at the late 60 wk of age in chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250869"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin alleviates broiler liver damage caused by polybrominated diphenyl ether concurrent with restoring gut microbiota, reducing liver inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress.","authors":"Xiyue Zhang, Fan Zhai, Xueqin Li, Xin He, Congcong Jiang, Wanyu Shi, Shixia Zhang, Jilang Tang","doi":"10.5713/ab.250966","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.250966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of curcumin (Cur) against broiler liver damage caused by exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four groups of 96 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to the control group, the BDE-209 (0.4 g/kg) group, the BDE-209 (0.4 g/kg)+Cur (0.3 g/kg) group, or the Cur (0.3 g/kg) group. Following a 42-day treatment period, intestinal microbiota, hepatic inflammatory response, and endoplasmic reticulum stress were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BDE-209 caused severe intestinal damage, including shortened villi, increased crypt depth, disruption of tight junction structures, and ultrastructural abnormalities. Cur treatment alleviated these pathological changes, restoring tight junction protein expression and improving intestinal barrier function. Cur also cured BDE-209‑induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by increasing beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and reducing harmful bacteria including Proteobacteria. Moreover, Cur lowered intestinal levels of key pro‑inflammatory cytokines. BDE‑209 caused significant liver damage, including histological lesions, hepatocyte ultrastructural damage, elevated blood liver enzymes, and oxidative stress. Cur improved liver function, lowered NF‑κB and MAPK signaling pathways, and reduced the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress‑related proteins and genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cur alleviated BDE-209-induced liver damage in broilers while also restoring gut microbiota and reduction of inflammation, and endoplasmic reticula stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"250966"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148315340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extending the use of Centella asiatica extract in poultry applications using distinct freeze-drying wall materials.","authors":"Khalil Ahmad, Worawan Panpipat, Manat Chaijan, Umaporn Uawisetwathana, Atikorn Panya, Natthaporn Phonsatta, Mingyu Yin, Roberto Castro-Muñoz, Chantira Wongnen","doi":"10.5713/ab.260300","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.260300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Centella asiatica is a promising phytogenic feed additive for poultry because of its bioactive compounds; however, its heat instability and poor palatability limit direct feed incorporation. Although microencapsulation can enhance stability and controlled release, there have been few comparative studies of wall materials for poultry applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The leaf powder ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica was freeze-dried and microencapsulated with maltodextrin+gum arabic (MD+GA), polyethylene glycol, albumen, gelatin, and sodium alginate across four treatments (T1-T4, core-to-wall ratios 1:10 to 1:4). Encapsulation efficiency (EE %), total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH antioxidant activity, intestinal digestibility, thermal stability (Tm), water activity (aw), and morphology (scanning electron microscopy [SEM] and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) were evaluated. The data was analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's honest significant honest significant difference (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MD+GA exhibited the greatest EE % (98.67±0.47%, T1), followed by albumen (94.14±0.94%, T2) and gelatin (85.12±0.85%, T3). Gelatin and albumen showed the greastest TPC (35.81 and 36.44 mg GAE/g) and DPPH activity (27.51±0.41%, T4; 22.07±0.33%, T4), whereas MD+GA showed moderate values (32.73 mg/g; 20.50±0.31%, T4). MD+GA and gelatin had good intestinal digestibility (82.38±1.24%, T1 and 93.21±1.40%, T3, respectively). Albumen (a_w 0.34±0.01, T2) and gelatin (0.39±0.01, T3) were effective moisture controllers, whereas MD+GA was moderate (0.67±0.01, T3). SEM revealed smooth, spherical protein-based microcapsules and rougher polysaccharidebased microcapsules.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MD+GA provided optimal EE % and intestinal release compared with protein-based materials, while also maintaining good phenolic retention and antioxidant activity, indicating their suitability for antibiotic-free poultry feed formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"260300"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of myogenic differentiation and myotube formation by stanozolol in porcine muscle satellite cells for cultured meat production.","authors":"Ji Hwan Ryoo, Keun Woo Kang, Hyun Su Jung, Su Min Park, Hyuk Cheol Kwon, Byeong Jun Choi, Eun Seo Min, Jeong Tae Do, Sung Gu Han","doi":"10.5713/ab.260470","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.260470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Recent studies on cultured meat have shown that muscle satellite cells can be induced to form muscle-like tissues through proliferation and myogenic differentiation. Optimizing these processes is essential for reproducing the structure and texture of conventional meat; yet, liming myogenic differentiation remains a major technical challenge. Stanozolol (STZ), a synthetic anabolic steroid derived from testosterone, is known to enhance muscle protein synthesis and hypertrophy, but its effects on livestock-derived muscle cells for cultured meat production remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate whether STZ enhances myogenic differentiation and myotube formation in primary porcine muscle satellite cells (PMSCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PMSCs were treated with STZ at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μM. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed to determine the non-cytotoxic concentration range. Myogenic differentiation was evaluated by measuring the expression of myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD), myogenin (MyoG), myosin heavy chain (MyHC), and myostatin (MSTN). Myotube formation was analysed by immunofluorescence staining, and the underlying mechanisms were investigated by examining phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine/threonine kinase (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Smad2/3, and forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) signaling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1 μM, STZ showed neither cytotoxicity nor significant PMSC proliferation. In differentiation media, STZ significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of myogenic markers, including MyoD, MyoG, and MyHC, in a concentration-dependent manner. Notably, 1 μM STZ promoted the formation of bigger multinucleated myotubes. In addition, STZ decreased MSTN expression, activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR hypertrophic signaling, and suppressed Smad2/3 phosphorylation and FoxO3a activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>STZ promoted myogenic differentiation and myotube formation in PMSCs by enhancing myogenic marker expression and modulating hypertrophy- and atrophy-associated signaling pathways. These findings suggest that STZ may serve as an effective culture medium supplement for improving PMSC differentiation in cultured meat production.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"260470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ileal amino acid digestibility, and the endogenous enzyme activities in cannulated early growing pig fed soybean meal diets supplemented with β-mannanase.","authors":"So Dam Choi, Habeeb Tajudeen, Jun Young Mun, Abdolreza Hosseindoust, Priscilla Neves Silvestre, Sang Sik Lee, Jin-Woo Jhoo, Min Ju Kim, Young In Kim, Jin Soo Kim","doi":"10.5713/ab.260287","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.260287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of dietary β-mannanase supplementation on apparent and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility, endogenous digestive enzyme activity, and digesta viscosity in early growing pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five 49-day-old Landrace×Yorkshire×Duroc intact male pigs (20.25±0.33 kg body weight) were surgically fitted with distal ileum T-cannula. Following a 14-day recovery and 4-day adaptation, ileal digesta was collected and stored at -20°C for further analyses. One pig was assigned a nitrogen-free diet; the remaining four pigs were assigned to two dietary treatments in a Latin square design: a control diet without β-mannanase (MS-) and a diet supplemented with 0.05% β-mannanase (MS+; 400 U/kg feed).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MS+ significantly increased dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) digestibility (p<0.05), with a tendency toward higher organic matter digestibility (p = 0.063). The apparent and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of arginine, lysine, and threonine were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the MS+ group, with tendencies toward greater SID of isoleucine (p = 0.066), proline (p = 0.076), and tyrosine (p = 0.062). Activities of trypsin, protease, and amylase were greater (p<0.05) in MS+ pigs. Additionally, MS+ reduced jejunal digesta viscosity (p<0.05) and tended to reduce fecal viscosity (p = 0.074). Correlation analysis indicated that jejunal and fecal viscosities were negatively associated with DM and CP digestibility and the SID of tryptophan and valine. Conversely, trypsin and protease activities exhibited strong positive correlations with CP digestibility and the SID of valine, while amylase activity was positively tied to DM digestibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary supplementation with 0.05% β-mannanase (400 U/kg) in early growing pigs significantly improves the apparent ileal digestibility of DM and CP, as well as the SID of arginine, lysine, and threonine, by inducing a 25.0% reduction in jejunal viscosity that facilitates enzyme-substrate interactions and stimulates endogenous digestive enzyme secretion.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"260287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide association studies of body weight, body conformation traits and coat color in Gamba sheep.","authors":"Yangshen Zhang, Hongbin Zhou, Luobu Gesang, Duoji Zhaxi, Ciren Pubu, Hong Miao, Jipan Zhang, Yongju Zhao","doi":"10.5713/ab.260295","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.260295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Elucidating the genetic architecture of body weight (BW), body conformation, and coat color (CC) is vital for the precision breeding of Gamba sheep, a unique high-altitude indigenous breed. Although previous studies focused on general plateau adaptation, the specific genetic factors regulating economic traits in this extreme-altitude population remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We characterized six key phenotypic traits and conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) leveraging whole-genome resequencing data from 296 individuals. To ensure robustness, we systematically evaluated five statistical models. The SUPER model was selected for growth-related traits due to its superior power in balancing signal sensitivity and false-positive control, whereas the MLMM model was applied to the binary CC phenotype. Both models consistently yielded genomic inflation factors (λ) close to the theoretical expectation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phenotypic analysis revealed distinct sexual dimorphism in growth determinants: cannon bone circumference was the primary driver influencing BW in rams, whereas body height and heart girth were predominant in ewes. The GWAS identified 82 genomewide significant SNPs, delineating a prominent novel genomic region on chromosome 5 associated with body height. Functional annotation highlighted PRKCE and SGIP1 as plausible positional candidate genes for growth characteristics, while SPIRE2 was pinpointed as a primary genomic driver regulating CC variation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide novel insights into the genetic blueprint governing growth and pigmentation in this unique livestock, offering precise molecular targets for future marker-assisted selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"260295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148262835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}