Animal Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of porcine endogenous retrovirus insertion in Jeju native pigs and commercial breeds.","authors":"Seungwon Yoon, Mrinmoy Ghosh, Myeongyeon Shin, Hyunyong Choi, Cheol-Ho Hyun, Dae Cheol Kim, Shin Ji Lee, Min Jee An, Young-Ok Son, Chang-Gi Hur","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize the genomic distribution and amino acid homology of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) subtypes in three pig breeds, Jeju native pigs (JNPs), Duroc, and Landrace.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genomic DNA was extracted from hair and ear tissue samples of JNPs, Duroc, and Landrace breeds using DirEx™ Fast Hair Kit and Exgene™ Tissue SV Plus kit (GeneAll, Korea). Whole-genome resequencing was performed by using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. Sequencing libraries were prepared using the TruSeq Nano DNA Kit and quality-checked using QUAST and BUSCO, and aligned to the Sus scrofa 11.1 reference genome with Bowtie2. PCR and qRT-PCR were conducted with subtype-specific primers targeting gag, pol, and env regions. Amplicons were verified via agarose gel electrophoresis, purified, and subjected to Sanger sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>WGR revealed breed-specific differences in PERV insertion, with JNPs exhibiting a higher frequency compared with the commercial breeds. PERV-B was the most abundant subtype, followed by PERV-CA and PERV-A, whereas PERV-C was absent in all the breeds. Chromosomal mapping highlighted variations in the localization of PERV, with notable absence on chromosomes 10 and 18. Homology analysis of amino acid sequences of PERV-A, PERV-B, and PERV-CA revealed breed-specific variations in the gag, pol, and env regions, indicating potential differences in viral replication and infectivity. The presence of all PERV subtypes were confirmed using polymerase chain reaction, with PERV-C detected in some Western breeds and all the JNPs analyzed. Sequencing of the PERV-C env region revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms, indicating genetic divergence among pig breeds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings highlight the need for breed-specific strategies in PERV inactivation for xenotransplantation applications. The distinct chromosomal distribution patterns and functionally significant PERV insertions identified in this study provide a foundation for future research into host-virus interactions and retroviral evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Inositol Polyphosphate Phosphatase ; A Hidden Phytate Digester with Bioactive Function Potential in Animal husbandry - A review.","authors":"Jaiesoon Cho","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this review was to describe the enzymatic properties of multiple inositol polyphosphate phosphatase (MINPP1/MIPP) as an unusual member of histidine acid phosphatase, distinct from conventional microbial phytases and their additional physiological functions besides degrading phytate. Considering parameters such as pH activity profile, substrate specificity, catalytic efficiency, and stability, MINPP1 is of merit as a novel phytase source for developing an ideal feed additive supported by functional metagenomics fused with recombinant DNA technology and classical protein engineering. In addition, MINPP1 appears to be involved in some biological activities such as cell survival, stress, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inorganic polyphosphate-induced inflammatory response, milk fatty acid composition-related metabolism and bone-related growth and pathophysiology, which can be important for the production performance of farm animals. Future directions need profound studies revealing the direct effects of MINPP1 on these physiological events.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and transcriptional insights into the role of histone phosphorylation-related genes in early development of the chicken duodenum.","authors":"Xiaofeng Li, Bing Yang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the morphological transitions and the role of histone phosphorylation-related genes during the first week of duodenal development in broilers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At hatch (D0) and 7 days post-hatch (D7), five broiler chickens were humanely euthanized and duodenal samples were collected to assess the histomorphology, specifically the duodenal villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), and the VH/CD ratio. The gene expression data of duodenum of broilers at D0 and D7 obtained from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) analyses were conducted using GEO2R. In addition, histone phosphorylation-related genes were obtained from the GeneCards database. Function enrichment for DEGs was conducted using the DAVID and PANTHER databases. Hub genes were identified using the CytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape, employing four different methods: MCON, DNMC, EPC, and MNC. Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified striking developmental transformations: VH surged by 63.02% (P<0.05) and VH/CD ratio doubled (100.68% increase, P<0.05), accompanied by 17.81% CD reduction (P<0.05). Transcriptomic profiling revealed 449 histone phosphorylation-related DEGs, comprising 163 up-regulated and 286 down-regulated candidates. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that these genes participated in phosphorylation, intracellular protein phosphorylation, protein dephosphorylation, immune response, as well as MAPK, PPAR, ErbB, and adipocytokine pathways. Importantly, we identified eight hub genes orchestrating duodenal maturation, including LGALS3, ITGB2, IRF7, SOCS3, and CSF1R, KIF23, SMC2, and DLGAP5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings establish a novel paradigm wherein histone phosphorylation coordinates intestinal morphogenesis, providing mechanistic insights for optimizing poultry intestinal health and nutritional strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analyses of serum parameters between nontransgenic and transgenic male offspring chickens expressing the 3D8 single-chain variable fragment gene and.","authors":"Hyeon Yang, Bo Ram Lee, Sun A Ock, Mi-Ryung Park, Poongyeon Lee, Yong Jin Jo, Min Gook Lee, Jae Yong Han, Sung June Byun","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Transgenic (TG) animals offer significant potential for diverse applications but may pose risks if the impact of transgene expression on health and physiological parameters is not thoroughly assessed. This study aims to evaluate the effects of 3D8 scFv gene expression on male TG chickens, focusing on key biological markers, mortality, and growth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples were collected at 14 weeks of age from male TG and non-TG chickens for comprehensive analysis of serum biochemistry, sex hormones, and cytokine profiles. Mortality and growth were monitored over a 34-week period to assess long-term effects. Statistical comparisons were conducted between TG and non-TG groups to identify significant differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that male non-TG chickens exhibited significantly higher levels of ALT, IGF-1, IFN-γ, and IL-4 compared to TG chickens (p<0.05). However, no significant differences in survival or growth were observed between TG and non-TG groups (p>0.05). These findings are consistent with previous studies on female TG offspring, which reported no significant impact of 3D8 gene expression on mortality, growth, or productivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>3D8 scFv gene expression in male TG chickens does not adversely affect mortality, growth, or serum parameters, indicating that the transgene does not have detrimental effects on these critical metrics in male chickens. These findings support the safety and viability of 3D8 gene expression in TG animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary inclusion of blooming Ulva sp. on milk production, methane emitting potential, and physiological parameters in lactating Holstein cows.","authors":"Ki Yeon Park, Yoo Rae Kim, Eungseok Kim, Jong Chul Lee, Weon Jong Yoon, Kye Won Kang, Seong Won Seo, Hong Gu Lee","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ulva sp., a blooming macroalgae causing the green tide in Korea, has been suggested as a feed ingredient for ruminant livestock. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 3% dry matter inclusion of Ulva sp. in a total mixed ration on milk production, methane emitting potential, and physiological parameters in lactating Holstein cows.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 36 cows were allocated into two groups considering milk production, parity, days in milk, and methane production concentration from respiration and eructation, and fed the TMR with or without 3% dry matter inclusion of Ulva sp. for 4 weeks. Methane emitting potential was measured using a laser methane detector in week 4, and feed, milk, and blood were collected every 2 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ulva sp. inclusion did not affect methane production concentration from respiration and eructation, but tended to decrease the methane intensity concentration from respiration (p=0.06) and eructation (p=0.06). In addition, it increased the milk fat yield, energy-corrected milk, and net energy for lactation in week 2, but this did not persist to week 4, indicating the interaction between treatment and week (p<0.05). Likewise, it increased milk urea nitrogen, blood urea nitrogen, and white blood cell counts in week 2 but not in week 4 (p<0.05). Cortisol concentration in hair tended to decrease with Ulva sp. inclusion (p<0.10), whereas the serum total antioxidant capacity and uric acid were not affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was demonstrated that Ulva sp. can be utilized as a feed ingredient for lactating cows without any adverse effects on milk production, complete blood cell counts, or blood metabolites. The potential methane-reducing property of Ulva sp. should be further investigated in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomal small non-coding RNA profiling and the role of piRNA pathway genes in Lumpy skin disease virus-infected bovines.","authors":"Anh Duc Truong, Ha Thi Thanh Tran, Thi Hoai Phan, Thi Hao Vu, Nhu Thi Chu, Hieu Minh Nguyen, Linh Phuong Nguyen, Lanh Phan, Chaeeun Kim, Hoang Vu Dang, Yeong Ho Hong","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a reemerging viral disease impacting cattle and buffaloes, posing substantial economic risks. However, the expression profile of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in LSD virus (LSDV)-infected bovines has yet to be investigated. In this study, we employed small RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to assess the expression of various ncRNAs in serum-derived exosomes from LSDV-infected bovines. We particularly focused on the bio-functional activity of piRNAs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cattle were infected with a 106.5 TCID50/mL LSDV Vietnam/HaTinh/CX01 (HT10) strain and ncRNAs expression in the serum of infected cattle was analyzed small RNA-seq.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 426 significantly differentially expressed (DE) piRNAs in serum-derived exosomes from LSDV-infected bovines compared to control groups, with 80 piRNAs being upregulated and 346 piRNA genes downregulated. Pathway analysis of DE piRNAs revealed their involvement in metabolism, cell signaling, and immune response pathways. Additionally, we identified a total of 35,170 tRNAs, 917 snoRNAs, 1,578 snRNAs, 17 Y-RNAs, five scRNAs, ten vault RNAs, 248 sRNAs, 1,064 piRNAs, and 1,011 miRNAs (not shown in this study) expressed in serum-derived exosomes from LSDV-infected bovines. Among these, 15,649 DE tRNAs, 476 DE snoRNAs, 861 DE snRNAs, 11 DE Y-RNAs, three DE scRNAs, three DE vault RNAs, and 134 DE sRNAs were identified when compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our comprehensive analysis of small RNA-seq data revealed numerous DE ncRNAs in serum-derived exosomes from LSDV-infected bovines compared to controls. We propose that further elucidation and validation of the functions of these ncRNAs may be beneficial for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of LSDV in bovines.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of crumbled pelleted starter feed and alfalfa inclusion on feed intake, growth, and rumen microbiota in young lambs.","authors":"Qihao Gao, Guoxiu Wang, Zhanyu Chen, Jiale Jia, Haoyu Xu, Yunfei Xu, Zhen Liu, Liyun Liu, Baosheng Li, Chong Li","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pelleted feed has multiple advantages in animal production, but its hardness may limit the intake of young lambs whose teeth and digestive systems are not yet fully developed, especially when the feed contains alfalfa and is produced with a high compression ratio in small diameters. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of removing alfalfa from starter feed or post-pelleting crumbling on lamb performance. We hypothesized that crumbling pelleted feed could reduce hardness, thereby increasing intake and enhancing performance.A total of 118 healthy, 7-day-old Hu lambs (4.02 ± 0.94 kg) were allocated to three groups: (1) a pelleted starter with alfalfa (CON), (2) a non-alfalfa pelleted starter (NA), and (3) a crumbled starter with alfalfa (CA). Feed intake, growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and rumen microbial composition were measured.The CA group showed significantly reduced pellet hardness compared to the CON and NA groups (P < 0.05), while NA group had higher starch gelatinization (P < 0.05). CA notably increased feed intake, particularly after day 21 (P < 0.05), and achieved the highest overall intake, body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) from days 7-49. The interaction between feed type and sex significantly influenced the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). In male lambs, both NA and CA groups demonstrated significantly higher digestibility of NDF and ADF compared to the CON group (P < 0.05). Rumen microbiota diversity was influenced by feed composition more than pellet form, with alfalfa inclusion affecting a greater number of microbial genera. Crumbling increased the abundance of Methanobrevibacter (P < 0.05).These findings suggest that post-pelleting crumbling using a roller mill enhances feed intake and growth performance in young lambs, while feed composition plays a predominant role in shaping rumen microbial diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant essential oil supplementation promotes growth and attenuates LPS-induced acute liver injury through SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway in nursery pigs.","authors":"Yu Niu, Xinru Song, Yiying Chen, Yiting Xu, Yiru Chen, Qingzhou Lin, Jintian He, Jinsong Liu, Ruiqiang Zhang, Caimei Yang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with plant essential oil (PEO) and coated plant essential oil (CEO) could promote growth and alleviate liver oxidative damage in nursery piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by modulating mitochondrial function in the liver.Twenty-four 21-day-old piglets were randomly assigned to four groups, with six replicates per group. The CON and LPS groups received a basal diet, while the LPS + PEO and LPS + CEO groups were received the basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg of PEO and 500 mg/kg of CEO, respectively. The experimental period lasted for 28 days. On day 49, piglets in the LPS, LPS + PEO, and LPS + CEO groups were injected intraperitoneally with LPS at a dose of 100 μg/kg body weight, while those in the CON group received an equal volume of saline. All piglets were weighed and euthanized four hours after the LPS or saline injection. Blood and liver samples were collected for further analysis. Piglets in the LPS + PEO and LPS + CEO groups showed higher (p<0.05) ADG and better FCR, and increased mRNA expressions of liver HO-1, NQO1 and Trx2 compared to the LPS and CON groups. Diet supplemented with PEO and CEO increased (p<0.05) the contents of IgA, IgG and IgM, and the protein expressions of SIRT1 and PGC-1α in the liver of LPS-induced nursery piglets. Furthermore, piglets in the LPS + CEO group exhibited higher (p<0.05) levels of IgA, IgM, T-AOC, and the mRNA expressions of SOD2 and Trx2 in the liver than those of the LPS + PEO group.Dietary supplementation with PEO or CEO improved growth performance in nursery piglets and alleviated LPS-induced liver oxidative damage in nursery piglets through activation of the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. In addition, CEO supplementation demonstrated a more pronounced antioxidant effect than PEO.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A practical approach for the stable isolation and cultivation of chicken gonadal primordial germ cells with mitotically inactivated STO feeder cells.","authors":"Hyeon Yang, Bo Ram Lee, Jae-Yong Lee, Keon Bong Oh, Poongyeon Lee, Seunghoon Lee, Yong Jin Jo, Haesun Lee, Seokho Kim, Jingu No, Jae Yong Han, Sung June Byun","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Establishing chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) in vitro is critical for producing genetically modified (GM) chickens. Efficient and reliable isolation and cultivation of PGCs remain significant challenges in advancing avian genetic modifications. To address these challenges, we employed a streamlined and practical approach for the efficient isolation and stable cultivation of chicken gonadal PGCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Chicken gonadal PGCs were isolated from embryonic gonads, surgically removed and dissociated using trypsin. The PGCs were isolated by exploiting differential adhesion properties, allowing fibroblasts to attach while PGCs remained suspended. Cultivation was performed with mitotically inactivated STO feeder cells under optimized culture conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PGCs proliferated robustly, reaching over 105 cells within one month, which is comparable to previously reported methods. Characterization assays confirmed the expression of PGC-specific markers, including SSEA-1 and DAZL, along with pluripotency-related genes such as OCT4 and NANOG. Additionally, labeled PGCs successfully migrated to recipient embryonic gonads, where they were identified through fluorescence analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the effectiveness of the proposed method in avian germ cell research, contributing to progress in the production of germline chimeric and GM chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grazing Practice Affect the Growth Performance, Meat Quality and Nutritional Composition and Fecal Microbiota of Fattening Yaks.","authors":"KeWei Hu, Qi Wu, Tianxiang Chen, Jiakun Wang, Zhixianghi Zhu, Yulei Shen, Chong Wang, Xiaoshi Wei","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Livestock grazing is the primary practice in alpine meadows, which is closely related to animal performance and ecosystem functions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of grazing practice on the growth performance, meat nutritional composition and shelf life, and fecal nutrient and microbiota of yaks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four male yaks (217.62 ± 5.74 kg) were randomly divided into 2 groups for a 60 d fattening experiment: grazing (G) group and grazing and supplementary feeding (GS) group. The yaks in the G group were grazed only on natural pastures, without any supplements. The yaks in the GS group were not only grazed on natural pastures, also supplemented with the concentrate mix based on the body weight after grazing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supplementary feeding concentrate mix after grazing significantly increased the body weight (p < 0.01) and average daily gain (p < 0.01) of yaks. The results indicated that supplementary feeding reduced meat shear force (p = 0.04), increased the a* value (p < 0.01), the b* value (p = 0.04) and the ether extract content (p = 0.03), and extended the shelf life by 3.4 h. The total amino acid content increased (p < 0.01) and promoted the deposition of monounsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.01) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.01). The output concentration of nitrogen in feces was increased (p = 0.04), and the 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that grazing with supplementary feeding significantly increased the relative abundance of key genera, including Alistipes, UCG-009, Tuzzerella, Family_XIII_UCG-001, and Erysipelatoclostridium, which are associated with nutrient absorption, fiber degradation, and metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Post-grazing concentrate mix supplementation improved yak growth, meat quality, and shelf life, likely via enhanced amino acid and fatty acid deposition, nitrogen retention, and gut microbial shifts-offering new insights into nutrient metabolism and feeding strategies for high-altitude livestock.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}