Animal Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Joint transcriptome-wide and proteomic analysis of the mechanisms underlying the regulation of sheep wool fiber diameter.","authors":"Lin Yue, Zengkui Lu, Tingting Guo, Bowen Chen, Jianbin Liu, Chao Yuan","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Wool fiber diameter is a crucial phenotypic trait of wool and a key determinant of its economic value. Deciphering the regulatory mechanisms that influence wool fiber diameter is a fundamental approach to optimizing wool fineness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, fine-wool Alpine Merino sheep exhibiting three distinct fiber diameter ranges were selected for comprehensive whole-transcriptome and proteome analyses of skin tissues.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>This led to the identification of key microRNAs (oar-miR-23a, oar-miR-23b, oar-miR-150, and oar-miR-218a), critical circular RNAs (circRNA3051, circRNA0315, and circRNA_1477), and multiple pivotal genes (LOC10112037, LOC105614079, IGFBP1, IGFBP4, and MAPK9). Correlation analysis employed to construct an integrative regulatory network suggested a strong association between modulation of wool fiber diameter and metabolism of energy and lipids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings further elucidate the biological mechanisms governing the regulation of wool fiber diameter, providing a theoretical foundation for advancing the wool industry through refinement of wool diameter and enhancements in wool quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary supplementing tannic acid on methane production, rumen fermentation, rumen microflora and nutrient digestion of Liuyang black goats.","authors":"Ying Yun, Ting Liu, Hui Hui Liu, Hui Zhang, Faming Pan, Lijing An, Xinji Wang, Guoyan Xu, Qiangwen Gu, Chen Zheng","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effects of dietary tannic acid on methane production, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and rumen microbiota in Liuyang black goats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve adult goats were randomly assigned to two groups: a control group (CON) and a treatment group (TAN) that received 2 % tannic acid in their diet. The experiment had two stages, each with a 10 - day adaptation and a 5 - day sampling phase. Methane emission was measured using a mobile open-circuit respirometry system, while rumen fluid samples were analyzed for volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammonia nitrogen, and microbial composition via 16S rRNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the tannic acid significantly reduced overall methane emission (p < 0.05), methane per voluntary feed intake (VFI, p < 0.05), dry matter intake (DMI, p < 0.05), acid detergent fiber intake (ADFI, p < 0.05), and neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI, p < 0.05). Microbial analysis showed increased relative abundance of Firmicutes (p < 0.05) and decreased Methanobrevibacter and Prevotella. Tannic acid also improved ADF digestibility (p < 0.05) and altered VFA profiles by increasing acetic acid to propionic acid ratios and valeric and butyric acids (p < 0.05). Tannic acid supplementation also increases the ratios of acetic acid to propionic acid, as well as valeric and butyric acids (p < 0.05), while increasing the digestibility of ADF (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary tannic acid effectively reduced methane emission and enhanced feed efficiency in Liuyang black goats by modifying rumen fermentation and microbial activity. These findings suggest tannic acid's potential as a sustainable feed additive for ruminants, although long-term impacts on health and productivity require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of prenatal auditory stimulation on physiological stress and neurotransmitter levels in developing embryos and day-old ducklings.","authors":"Yashini Subramaniam, Suriya Kumari Ramiah, Intan Shameha Abdul Razak, Aimi Nabilah Hussein, Ahmad Hanafi Sulong, Zulkifli Idrus","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study was to determine the effects of prenatal auditory stimulation (PAS) on serum levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), ceruloplasmin (CPN), alpha-1acid-glycoprotein (AGP), corticosterone (CORT), ovotransferrin (OVT), and dopamine (DA) in duck embryos and hatchlings. Fertilised Khaki Campbell duck eggs were subjected to the following auditory stimulation treatments: 1) no additional sound treatment other than the background sound of the incubator's compressors at 40 dB (CONTROL), 2) exposure to pre-recorded traffic noise at 90 dB (NOISE), and 3) exposure to Mozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major, K 488 at 90 dB (MUSIC). The NOISE and MUSIC treatments were for 20 min/h for 24 h (a total of 8 h/d), starting from embryonic days (ED) 13 to hatching. Prenatal auditory stimulation did not influence hatchability rate, body weights at ED 21 and post-hatch day (PH) 1. The MUSIC and NOISE treatments elevated HSP70 at ED21 compared to the Control, while opposite results were observed at PH1. The AGP, CPN and CORT were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by PAS at ED21. However, at PH1, the Control ducklings showed significantly higher OVT and AGP. The NOISE and MUSIC treatments attenuated DA activity at ED21 and PH1, respectively. PAS induces a physiological stress response in embryos but does not impact hatchability or hatchling weights. Exposure to MUSIC and NOISE effectively reduces stress during incubation and hatching, enhancing stress resilience in day-old ducklings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel indirect calorimeter system for measuring gas exchange and determining digestibility, nutrient retention, and net energy in diets fed to group-housed pigs.","authors":"Cristhiam Joseph Munoz Alfonso, Hans Henrik Stein, Su A Lee","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel indirect calorimeter chamber system has been built at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (IL, USA). The unit consists of 6 respiration-metabolism chambers where temperature and humidity are controlled, gas analysis units, a data management unit, a mechanical room, and an air-conditioned feed storage room. The chambers are airtight and each chamber has the capacity to hold more than 1 pig depending on size. Using the system, concentrations of digestible energy, metabolizable energy, and net energy, and digestibility and retention of nutrients can be determined in diets fed to pigs on an ad libitum basis. A recovery test was performed using propane combustion. The recovery rate of oxygen ranged from 86.7 to 108.7% with a mean of 99.0% and a coefficient of variation of 6.27%. The recovery rate of carbon dioxide ranged from 100.0 to 101.0% with a mean of 100.6% and a coefficient of variation of 0.29%. In summary, a novel calorimeter unit allows for pigs to be group-housed and given ad libitum access to feed and water. This system is believed to be representative of commercial settings, and therefore, net energy can be determined in diets fed to pigs under conditions similar to those used in commercial production.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of strategic nutrient reduction and exogenous enzyme supplementation on mineral and energy balance in growing pigs.","authors":"Gerardo Ordaz, Sergio Gómez, María de Lourdes Angeles, Maria Alejandra Pérez","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of strategic nutrient reduction in combination with exogenous enzymes (phytase, pectinase, and β-glucanase) on mineral and energy balance in growing pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four barrows (age: 97±5 days) with an average initial body weight of 49.26±0.42 kg were individually housed in metabolism crates under controlled conditions. Diets were offered for 10 days, consisting of a 5-day adaptation period followed by a 5-day total-collection balance period. Pigs were assigned to four experimental treatments: a positive control diet (PC-100) with standard levels of metabolizable energy (ME), calcium, phosphorus, and mineral premix; a negative control diet (NC-100) with the same mineral premix but reduced by 100 kcal/kg ME, 0.05% calcium, and 0.10% phosphorus, supplemented with the enzyme blend; and two additional diets based on NC-100 with a 33% (NC-67) and 66% (NC-34) reduction in the mineral premix. Productive performance, apparent fecal digestibility (AFD), nutrient retention, and energy efficiency were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that mineral reduction (33% and 66% vs. the recommended level) together with exogenous enzymes did not affect daily weight gain or feed efficiency (p > 0.05). However, a significant decreased total nitrogen excretion (from 13.66 to 10.72 g/day; p < 0.001), and increased proportion of retained nitrogen relative to absorbed nitrogen (from 73.46% in PC-100 to 81.69% in NC-34; p = 0.0025) were observed. AFD of phosphorus improved with enzyme supplementation (up to 74.89% in NC-100; p < 0.01), and zinc digestibility increased significantly with mineral premix reduction (up to 50.01% in NC-34; p < 0.01). ME remained stable among treatments (p = 0.06), with average values ranging from 3,593 to 3,642 kcal/kg.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Strategic reduction of dietary minerals (33% and 66% vs. the recommended level), and energy, in combination with exogenous enzymes, improved nutrient utilization without negatively affecting short-term growth performance in growing pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Peptidogenomics Decoding Yak Non-Conventional Peptides: Functional Mapping and Biopotential Mining of Genetic Resources.","authors":"Jingyun Chen, Lu Yang, Weilu Zhang, Yili Liu, Yong Yong Wei, Li Wang, Mingfeng Jiang, Biao Li","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Non-conventional peptides, have been found to play a key role in basic plant and animal biological processes. This study aims to investigate from the perspective of NCPs to reveal the adaptive molecular genetic mechanisms of yaks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established an integrated peptidogenomic pipeline, constructed a customized six-frame translation database using high-throughput mass spectrometry, and applied it to the large-scale identification of NCPs in several vital organs/tissues of yaks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to conventional peptides, these NCPs exhibit unique properties derived from introns, UTRs, out-of-frame exons, and intergenic regions. Additionally, our findings indicate that translation events are more prevalent in unannotated transcripts than previously believed. Combined with transcriptome analysis and ribosome mapping analysis, 727 NCPs were determined to be derived from lncRNA and 944 NCPs were determined to be derived from circRNA. Interestingly, the number of hydrophobic amino acids in NCPs was found to be higher than that of hydrophilic amino acids in almost all tissues; whereas for CPs the results were reversed. These findings suggest their potential involvement in maintaining protein stability and combating oxidative stress. Furthermore, the in vitro antioxidant activity of the 38 candidate peptides further confirmed their physiological functions; however, specific physiological mechanisms require further investigation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, this study demonstrates that a substantial portion of the yak genome can be translated into molecules with biological functions which is highly significant for functional genome research, and these unique hidden molecules will provide basic data for future biomedical development and plateau disease treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Safety of Chlorella fusca Grown in Refined Swine Manure Liquid Fertilizer for Bioresource Applications.","authors":"Seukchan Kim, Soo-Ryang Kim, Jungho Moon, Ji-Won Jung, Sungha Hong, Sun-Goo Hwang, Myung-Gyu Lee, Meejung Ahn","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chlorella fusca, a microalga with promising applications in sustainable biotechnology, is of growing interest for its nutritional value, environmental benefits, and bioactive properties. This study investigated the safety and viability of cultivating C. fusca in refined liquid fertilizer derived from pig manure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Refined liquid fertilizer derived from swine manure was used as a nutrient medium for cultivating C. fusca. To compare its biochemical properties with those of commercial Chlorella products, the cultivated algae were subjected to proximate composition analyses to determine their water, crude-protein, crude-fat, and ash-free-extract contents. Cytotoxicity was assessed via MTT and WST-1 assays, and an acute toxicity study was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate physiological effects according to body weight changes and serum biomarkers. Histopathological examination of the liver, kidneys, and lungs was conducted to detect any toxicological effects. Additionally, antibiotic residues, microbial safety, pesticide contamination, and heavy-metal content were evaluated to confirm overall product safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proximate analysis revealed significant differences in moisture and crude-fat content compared to commercial Chlorella products. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated enhanced immune cell activity at higher concentrations (P < 0.05). No significant body weight changes were detected in rats, and serum analysis indicated a dose-dependent reduction in alkaline phosphatase levels in 1000- and 2000-mg/mL treatment groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Histopathological examination confirmed the absence of significant alterations in the liver, kidneys, and lungs, supporting its safety as a dietary supplement. Antibiotic residue, microbial safety, pesticide contamination, and heavy-metal analyses showed levels that were undetectable or below safety limits, confirming the safety of C. fusca.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chlorella fusca cultivated with refined liquid fertilizer derived from swine manure was found to be safe for use in various biotechnology applications. Our findings imply its potential as a bioresource, including as a feed additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BMP8A/TGF-β1 regulates chicken chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis induced by Thiram.","authors":"Yuxiang Lu, Hengyong Xu, Xuyang Ji, Yuxin Zhou, Zhi Hu, Felix Kwame Amevor, Ranran Du, Xiaoling Zhao, Yiping Liu, Yan Wang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a metabolic cartilage disorder that impairs the development of the tibial growth plate in rapidly growing poultry. This study aimed to identify key genes and clarify the molecular mechanisms involved in tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in broiler chickens. It also evaluated the potential effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) in alleviating TD symptoms, focusing particularly on the role of BMP8A and its interaction with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>94 broiler chicks were divided into three groups: healthy control, thiram-induced TD, and thiram-induced with VD3 supplementation. RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across groups. Target genes were further validated using molecular biology techniques, including gene expression analysis and in vitro functional assays on chondrocytes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VD3 effectively mitigated thiram-induced chondrocyte damage. RNA-seq revealed 625 DEGs enriched in pathways such as the TGF-β signaling pathway. Four co-differentially expressed genes (BMP8A, COL10A1, SDC3, and SCIN) were closely associated with collagen metabolism and reorganization. Functional assays, such as CCK8, EdU and IHC showed that BMP8A mitigated collagen accumulation induced by elevated TGF-β1 levels, promoted the release of collagen types I, II, and X, and facilitated chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation while reducing apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BMP8A plays a protective role in TD by regulating collagen balance and maintaining chondrocyte function, especially under high TGF-β1 conditions. VD3 supplementation effectively reduces TD-related damage. The interaction between BMP8A and TGF-β1 may provide a novel therapeutic target for preventing and treating TD in poultry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NGSMHC: A simple bioinformatics tool for comprehensively typing MHC genes in non-human species using next-generation sequencing data.","authors":"Mingue Kang, Byeongyong Ahn, Jae Yeol Shin, Jongan Lee, Eun Seok Cho, Chankyu Park","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Understanding the individual- and population-level polymorphisms of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes is crucial for identifying associations between MHC variations and immune phenotypes. To support this, we developed NGSMHC, a streamlined bioinformatics tool for efficient and accurate MHC genotyping using next-generation sequencing (NGS) data in non-human species.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NGSMHC constructs phased haplotype contigs of selected MHC genes from BAM-format mapping data and determines the best matching MHC alleles and genotypes via nucleotide BLAST analysis against a user-provided reference set of MHC alleles. We evaluated NGSMHC using short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from 12 pigs, focusing on swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) genes. The typing results from NGSMHC were compared to those obtained using polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT). In addition, we tested NGSMHC on a publicly available long-read WGS dataset with known SLA genotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The short-read WGS data showed an average read depth of 20.9× across the SLA region, enabling typing of SLA-2, SLA-3, SLA-DRB1, and SLA-DQB1 using NGSMHC. The concordance rates between NGSMHC and PCR-SBT were 88% for SLA-3, 92% for SLA-DRB1, and 100% for SLA-DQB1. However, SLA-2 typing showed lower concordance (58%), likely due to its high sequence similarity with other SLA class I genes and complex intra-locus polymorphisms. In contrast, NGSMHC accurately identified all tested SLA genotypes-including SLA-1, SLA-2, SLA-3, SLA-DRA, SLA-DRB1, SLA-DQA, and SLA-DQB1-when applied to the long-read WGS data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NGSMHC is a simple and effective tool for MHC genotyping using NGS data, particularly for non-human species. Its accuracy is significantly improved by long-read sequencing, underscoring the importance of read length in precise MHC allele determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of hydrolyzable versus condensed tannins supplementation in Liaoning cashmere goats: growth performance, nitrogen metabolism, rumen fermentation, and blood metabolites.","authors":"Xin Zhu, Di Han, Lu Zhang, Tingting Su, Lisha Ye, Haiying Liu, Xingtang Dou","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to investigate the effects of hydrolyzable versus condensed tannins on growth performance, nitrogen (N) metabolism, rumen fermentation, and blood parameters in Liaoning cashmere goats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A control diet and three experimental diets-supplemented with 0.5% chestnut tannin (CT), tannic acid (TA), or quebracho tannin (QT)-were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Goats fed the QT diet had higher average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) than those fed the TA diet (p<0.05). Compared to the control, the QT group exhibited lower fecal N, urine N, and total N output (g/d, p<0.05), along with higher N retention (g/d) and N utilization (g/kg N intake) than the CT and TA groups (p<0.05). The QT group had the lowest urine uric acid level, while the CT and TA groups showed lower creatinine levels than the control (p<0.05). Tannin supplementation increased rumen ammonia-N (NH3-N) concentration and reduced protozoa counts (p<0.05). Plasma concentrations of total protein, globulin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lysozyme were higher in the QT group than in the CT and TA groups (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that condensed tannin exerts more beneficial effects than hydrolyzable tannin on growth, N balance, and antioxidant function at equivalent dietary inclusion levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}