Animal Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Chitinase improves the available energy, amino acids digestibility of black soldier fly and fecal microbiota of growing pigs.","authors":"Yuansen Yang, Shenrui Xu, Wenjun Gao, Yu Wei, Lu Wang, Changhua Lai","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0920","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The main objective of this study was to determine the energy value and digestibility of amino acids in growing pigs fed black soldier fly (BSF) with chitinase supplementation and its effect on fecal microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Exp. 1, eighteen barrows with initial body weight (BW) of 31.6±1.2 kg were randomly assigned to 3 treatments to determine the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME), and nutrient digestibility, including the corn-soybean meal basal group, the BSF (14.6%) with 1,500 mg/kg or without chitinase groups. Fresh feces were collected on day 10 of feeding for analysis of microbial diversity. In Exp. 2, six barrows (36.7±4.2 kg BW) with ileal T-cannulas were arranged in a 6×3 Youden square design, pigs were allotted to 3 dietary treatments to determine the digestibility of the amino acids, including the nitrogen-free group, the BSF with or without chitinase groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supplemental chitinase improved (p<0.05) the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein and dry matter in the BSF diet, improved (p<0.05) the ATTD of crude protein, ether extract and acid detergent fiber in the BSF, and increased the BSF's DE and ME by 2.34 MJ/kg and 1.37 MJ/kg, respectively. Chitinase supplementation improved (p<0.05) the composition of fecal microbiota of growing pigs, promoted (p<0.05) the colonisation of Bacilli, Lactobacillaceae, and Lactobacillales, and inhibited (p<0.05) the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria Sarcina. Adding chitinase enhanced the apparent ileal digestibility and standardized ileal digestibility of most amino acids in BSF, such as methionine, leucine, and glutamate (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adding chitinase can increase the effective energy value and amino acid ileal digestibility of BSF, regulate the composition of fecal microbiota and improve the intestinal health of growing pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"1733-1745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of garlic skin as a forage source for goats: Effects on performance, antioxidant capacity , immune function and.","authors":"Xinhong Zhou, Xiaoyun Shen","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of garlic skin as a feed ingredient on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune function, and rumen health in goats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve male black goats with similar body conditions were randomly assigned to two groups. The control group (CON) was fed a basal diet, while the experimental group (GAS) received a diet supplemented with garlic skin for 60 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that goats' final weight (FW) and average daily gain (ADG) significantly increased in the GAS group compared to the CON group (p < 0.05). The GAS group exhibited enhanced activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and higher total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) levels, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels were significantly elevated, along with increased concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), whereas pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). The rumen fluid of GAS group showed significant increases in ammonia nitrogen, acetate, propionate, and total volatile fatty acids, with a reduction in the acetate-to-propionate ratio (p < 0.05). Significant improvements were also observed in rumen papilla height, width, and density (p < 0.05). 16S rDNA analysis revealed enhanced microbial diversity and enrichment of functional bacterial groups, such as Firmicutes and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, involved in fiber degradation and volatile fatty acid production. Key metabolites, including 5-methylthioribose and glucose 6-phosphate, were positively correlated with growth and antioxidant capacity, while 21-deoxycortisol negatively affected metabolic balance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, garlic skin supplementation enhanced antioxidant and immune function, optimized rumen fermentation, improved microbial composition, and promoted goat health and productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhythmic light exposure during incubation enhances liver development and lipid accumulation in chicken embryos.","authors":"Xiuyu Xie, Fang Li, Jiayi Zhang, Dan Song, Yongshu Wu, Lu Liu, Yanjun Cui, Xiangchen Li, Panlin Wang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chicken embryos are typically incubated in complete darkness, overlooking the potential influence of rhythmic light exposure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-hour light/12-hour dark rhythmic light environment on liver development and lipid metabolism in chicken embryos, providing a foundation for regulating poultry physiology through light manipulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fertile eggs were incubated under two lighting conditions: a 12 h light/12 h dark cycle (LD group) and constant darkness (DD group). Embryos or chicks were sampled at embryonic days 12 (E12), 14 (E14), 16 (E16), 18 (E18), 20 (E20), and day 1 post-hatch (D1). Body weight, liver weight, and residual yolk weight were recorded. Liver morphology and lipid accumulation were evaluated using H&E and Oil Red O staining. Hepatic levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), free fatty acids (FFA), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were measured. Expression of lipid metabolism-related genes was assessed by qRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Embryo weight, liver weight, liver index, and residual yolk weight did not differ significantly between groups. However, liver tissues in the LD group exhibited earlier maturation of liver plate structures and increased lipid droplet accumulation. TG concentration was significantly higher at E12 and D1, TC at E12 and E18, and ACC at E12, E16, and E18 in the LD group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, lipid synthesis genes (ACC, FAS, SCD1, SREBP-1c, ELOVL6) were upregulated, while lipid degradation genes (CPT1, PPARα, MTTP) were downregulated at specific embryonic stages in the LD group (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rhythmic light exposure under a 12 h light/12 h dark cycle promoted liver development and lipid accumulation by modulating expression of lipid metabolism genes such as ACC, FAS, and CPT1. These findings highlight the potential of light rhythm as a strategy to optimize embryonic development and lipid metabolism in poultry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary energy improves Holstein heifer conception through rumen microbiota interactionsfers during initial breeding.","authors":"Xusheng Hao, Taiping Wu, Xia Li, Qiuyue He, Yulong Qin, Nan Zhang, Haotian Yu, Yujun Jiang, Feng Gao","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate how graded dietary energy levels regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in Holstein heifers during initial breeding, with a focus on rumen microbiota-host interactions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four pubertal heifers (398.96 ± 6.56 kg BW; 12.72 ± 0.02 months) were stratified by body condition score (BCS) and estrous cyclicity, then randomly allocated to control (CON, 8.64 MJ/kg DM NEL) or high-energy (HE, 9.50 MJ/kg DM NEL) diets (n = 22/group). Although practical constraints limited pen replication, we implemented rigorous matching procedures: Pens were matched for surface area (120 m²), feed bunk space (0.8 m/head) and growth performance, serum biochemical/immune/antioxidant markers, reproductive hormones, rumen fermentation parameters, microbiota, and metabolome profiles were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results The HE group exhibited elevated gonadotropins (FSH, LH) and prolactin (PRL), indicating enhanced hypothalamic-pituitary activity. Serum triglycerides increased, while immune markers showed the altered state of immunoregulation characterized by significant increases in IL-2 and IL-6, reductions in IL-4, and decreases in TNF-α and IFN-γ. Antioxidant capacity improved with lower MDA levels. Rumen pH decreased, accompanied by elevated total VFA, bacterial crude protein(BCP), acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid concentrations. Microbial shifts included Treponema and Prevotellaceae_UCG_003 showing positive correlations with PRL and LH, while Ruminococcus was associated with acetyl-CoA precursors through enriched pyruvate metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High-energy diets (9.50 MJ/kg NEL) enhance hypothalamic-pituitary signaling and rumen fermentation efficiency, advancing first-service conception rates by 15% (55% vs. 70%) in pasture-based systems. This strategy optimizes reproductive management in intensive dairy operations through microbiota-driven metabolic modulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-response Curves for the Effects of Eucalyptus Essential Oil Nanoemulsion on Growth Performance and Health Status of Heat-Stressed Growing Rabbits.","authors":"Fatma Mohsen Shalaby, Soha A Hassan, Salma K Attia, Amany Omar Elrefaie, Ali Ali El-Raghi, Kandil Abd El Hai Attia","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Dose-response curves were performed to explore the effect of eucalyptus essential oil nanoemulsion (EEONE) on the growth rate, feed efficiency, and health status of growing rabbits facing heat stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty growing rabbits (6 weeks old), were randomly divided into four homogeneous groups, receiving diets supplements with 0, 100, 200, and 400 mg EEONE/ kg diet (EEONE0, EEONE100, EEONE200, and EEONE400, respectively).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements were observed in growth performance, feed utilization, and physiological responses in the EEONE-treated groups compared to the control (p<0.05). Regression analysis revealed quadratic increases in red blood corpuscles and quadratic decreases in white blood cell counts in response to EEONE treatment, with optimal concentrations showed at 325 and 300 mg EEONE, respectively. Hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, blood protein and glucose levels linearly increased, while liver enzymes decreased significantly due to the EEONE treatment. The aberrant changes observed in liver tissues due to heat stress were effectively reversed, leading to a restoration of hepatic morphology closely resembling normal conditions, by co-administration of EEONE. Serum urea and creatinine concentrations decreased quadratically in the EEONE-treated groups, minimizing at 300 mg EEONE. Quadratic regression analysis indicated that the optimal doses were 300 mg EEONE for glutathione peroxidase and protein carbonyl, and 350 mg EEONE for total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde. Cellular and humoral immunity as well as pro inflammatory cytokinase significantly improved by the dietary treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>supplementing the diet with EEONE at levels of 300-400 mg can effectively improve growth metrics and health status of fattened rabbits.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolite indole-3-carboxaldehyde enhances intestinal barrier function via AhR/AMPK signaling activation.","authors":"Donglin Shi, Yong Cui, Haiping Liang, Qing Wei, Jianzhen Huang, Ji Cao","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Intestinal inflammatory diseases significantly impair animal health, primarily due to compromised intestinal barrier function. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (IAld), a key gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolite, exhibits protective effects against intestinal inflammatory diseases. However, the regulatory mechanism by which IAld modulates intestinal barrier function requires further investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established an intestinal epithelial cell injury model by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) stimulation and a mouse colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration. Intestinal barrier function was assessed by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, in vitro permeability assays, and histopathological analysis. Mitochondrial integrity and function were evaluated via JC-1 staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, key components of the AhR/AMPK signaling pathway were analyzed via immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that IAld treatment significantly enhanced tight junction (TJ) protein expression in intestinal epithelial cells and effectively attenuated TNF-α-induced intestinal barrier injury. Mechanistically, IAld activated cellular AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, thereby promoting autophagy, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, and ultimately improving intestinal barrier function. Importantly, the activation of AMPK signaling by IAld was found to be dependent on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), as evidenced by the fact that the AhR-specific inhibitor CH-223191 abolished both IAld-induced AMPK activation and intestinal barrier integrity up-regulation. Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed that IAld ameliorated intestinal barrier dysfunction and mitochondrial damage in DSS-induced colitis mice, whereas pharmacological inhibition of AMPK largely abrogated these protective effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that IAld effectively preserves intestinal barrier integrity, highlighting its potential for treating intestinal inflammatory diseases in animals or humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of skin transcriptome reveals differences of cashmere fineness in different body parts of Inner Mongolia cashmere goats.","authors":"Bohan Zhou, Haijiao Xi, Yongsheng Yu, Jinquan Li, Rui Su, Qi Lv, Yanjun Zhang, Ruijun Wang, Zhiying Wang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The growth and development of secondary hair follicle largely dictates the economic value of cashmere traits, significantly influencing the quality of cashmere fineness. Previous studies have primarily concentrated on the periodic growth regulation of hair follicles in Inner Mongolia cashmere goats (IMCGs) and identified numerous candidate genes that influence cashmere traits. However, research remains limited regarding the factors and regulatory mechanisms that affect cashmere fineness in different body parts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The differences of cashmere fineness traits among different body parts or ages were determined by multiple comparison analysis testing in analysis of variance (ANOVA). RNA-seq and GO & KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were used to assess the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among different body parts of IMCGs. The candidate genes were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ages and different body parts had significant effects on cashmere diameter of IMCGs (P<0.05). Cashmere diameter was coarsest in the abdomen, but finest in the neck and back. A total of 2178 DEGs were specifically screened among four body parts based on cashmere diameter. GO and KEGG analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in signal transduction pathway related to hair growth such as MAPK signaling pathway and ECM-receptor interaction. The expression of MATN2 and CA12 were consistent with the phenotype of cashmere fineness in different body parts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The differences of cashmere fineness among different body parts of IMCGs were explored by transcriptome and phenotype analysis which provide a basis for understanding molecular regulation of cashmere growth in cashmere goats. MATN2, CA12 have been validated as regulatory genes for the heterogeneity of cashmere fineness in different parts of IMCGs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of replacing soybean meal with powdered or pelleted black soldier fly larvae on nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation in Thai native beef cattle.","authors":"Nittaya Phowang, Anusorn Cherdthong, Chanon Suntara","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in powdered and pelleted forms on feed intake, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility in Thai native beef cattle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four male Thai native beef cattle (3-3.5 years old; 370 ± 20.0 kg body weight) were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to evaluate the effects of replacing SBM with BSFL in the concentrate portion of the diet. The dietary treatments were: T1, control diet with SBM as the sole protein source; T2, 50% of SBM replaced with powdered BSFL; T3, 25% of SBM replaced with pelleted BSFL; and T4, 75% of SBM replaced with pelleted BSFL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Replacing SBM with BSFL had no significant effect on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal pH, ammonia-nitrogen, or volatile fatty acid concentrations (P > 0.05). Neutral detergent fiber intake was significantly higher in cattle fed the diet containing 75% pelleted BSFL compared to those fed 25% pelleted BSFL (P < 0.01). Crude protein digestibility improved overall in BSFL-supplemented groups compared to the control (P < 0.01). The highest dry matter digestibility was observed at 25% pelleted BSFL, significantly higher than at 75% inclusion (P < 0.05). At 4 hours post-feeding, blood urea nitrogen concentration was significantly lower in cattle fed the 75% pelleted BSFL diet compared to those fed 25% pelleted BSFL (P < 0.05). Protozoal populations, total volatile fatty acid concentrations, and the volatile fatty acid profile did not differ significantly among treatments (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Replacing SBM with BSFL, particularly at 25% in pelleted form, improves nutrient digestibility without impairing rumen fermentation, supporting its potential as a functional protein source in ruminant diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of product quality of low-fat sausage containing lotus rhizome root powders as affected by cooking method during storage.","authors":"Zhuang Zhuang Qiu, Koo Bok Chin","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the antioxidant activities of oven-dried lotus rhizome root powders (ODLRRP) and ODLRRP extracted using different concentrations of ethanol (25, 50, 75, and 100%) for different time periods (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h) and their application to either boiled and smoke sausages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After antioxidant activities were measured with different conditions, and boiled and smoked sausages treated with 1% ODLRRP or 0.1% ODLRRP extracted using 50% ethanol (ODLRRPE) for 4 h were measured by physiochemical properties and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ODLRRPE samples exhibits antioxidant activities, regardless of extraction time. The pH values of boiled sausages treated with 1% ODLRRP was lower than that of control sausages (CS). The lightness of boiled and smoked sausages decreased, but their redness and yellowness increased with the addition of ODLRRP or ODLRRPE. The hardness and gumminess of smoked sausages treated with ODLRRPE were lower than those of CS (p<0.05). However, springiness of boiled sausages treated with ODLRRPE decreased. Boiled sausages treated with ODLRRP and ODLRRPE exhibited lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) than CS from day 14. Additionally, 1% ODLRRP exhibited antimicrobial activity in boiled sausages, while 0.1% ODLRRPE exhibited antimicrobial effects in smoked sausages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicated that the extraction of the ODLRRP and cooking method would be critical factors affecting the shelf-life effect of low-fat sausages. Keywords: Oven-dried lotus rhizome root powders, Ethanolic extracts, Antioxidant activities, Physicochemical Properties, Shelf-life, Actual Sausages.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single- and multiple-locus model genome-wide association study for growth traits in Dongliao Black pigs.","authors":"Kailing Sun, Yuan Hong, Wenyu Zhang, Jiangpeng Dong, Zuohao Wen, Zhengyu Hu, Xuhui Tan, Hao Li, Ayong Zhao, Min Huang, Tao Huang","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Growth traits are one of the most important economic traits of pigs, including body weight and average daily gain. However, the available genetic markers for these traits are limited, especially for Chinese indigenous pigs or Chinese indigenous pig hybrid breeds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To discover SNP markers and candidate genes affecting body weight and average daily gain traits, we performed GWAS for these traits in 358 Dongliao black pigs using three single-locus and three multiple-locus models. All pigs were genotyped using the China Chip-1 porcine SNP50K BeadChip.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The GWAS revealed 39 significant QTLs affecting body weight and average daily gain traits. Among these, 26 QTLs were significantly correlated with body weight traits. Thirteen QTLs were significantly correlated with average daily gain traits. Some candidate genes for body weight and average daily gain traits were identified, including MACROD2, ASB13, ATP12A, ZDHHC17, WDR37 and TENM4. Among the three single-locus models, only the GLM model identified significant SNPs, and the GLM model identified the largest number of 27 significant QTLs. The three multiple-locus models, MLMM, FarmCPU and BLINK, identified 4, 12 and 13 significant QTL loci, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We newly identified 18 QTLs significantly correlated with body weight and average daily gain traits. Our results provided a foundation for biomarker breeding and enhancement of body weight and average daily gain traits in pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144641589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}