Animal Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Dietary supplementation with D-ribose enhances growth performance, improves serum antioxidant capacity, and inhibits rumen microbial LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing of Hu sheep.","authors":"Jing Ge, Yanjiao Li, Xianghui Zhao, Kehui Ouyang, Mingren Qu, Qinghua Qiu","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary D-ribose supplementation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum biochemistry, rumen fermentation characteristics, and microbial LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing in Hu sheep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen female Hu sheep, aged 3 months and with similar body weights (20.47±0.58 kg), were randomly divided into two groups of nine animals each. The control group was fed a basal diet (CON), while the experimental group received the basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg of D-ribose (DR). After 80 days of individual pen feeding, blood, rumen fluid, and fecal samples were collected for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the average daily gain was higher in the DR group than in the CON group, and the feed-to-gain ratio was lower in the DR group (p<0.05). The apparent digestibility of ether extract tended to be higher in the DR group (p=0.068). Compared to the CON group, the levels of serum cortisol, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species were lower in the DR group, while superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels were higher, resulting in a decreased oxidative stress index (p<0.05). The rumen pH and microbial protein concentration were higher in the DR group (p<0.05), and no differences in ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acids concentrations were observed between the CON and DR groups (p>0.10). The rumen microbial density was higher in the DR group, while the concentrations of autoinducer-2 signaling molecule, biofilm formation, and exopolysaccharides were lower (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study indicate that dietary supplementation with D-ribose can enhance the growth performance, improve serum antioxidant capacity, and inhibit rumen microbial LuxS/AI-2 quorum sensing of Hu sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of lncRNA in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis of Wanxi white geese during laying and broodiness periods.","authors":"Xiaojin Li, Mengmeng Hou, Yuhua Wang, Fou Wu, Xinwei Tong, Fei Xie, Changsheng Jiang, Mengmeng Jin, Man Ren, Shenghe Li","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explored the molecular mechanism of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis on the regulation of brooding behavior and laying performance of Wanxi white geese (WWG). The transcriptome of the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovarian tissues of laying and brooding WWG was sequenced to identify genes and lncRNAs that may be important in regulating the egg-laying performance and broodiness behavior of WWG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study sequenced the lncRNA on the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovarian tissues of WWG white geese during laying and broodiness periods to determine the differentially expressed lncRNA (DElncRNA) in the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis. lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA (ceRNA) regulatory network was constructed using selected DEGs, DEMs, and DElncRNAs. Differentially expressed DEGs, DEMs, and DElncRNAs were further confirmed via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed a targeting relationship between the MST RG.1166. 1/miR-450-x/SOX8 axis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 184 ( BH vs LH ), 180 ( BP vs LP ), and 880 ( BO vs LO ) differentially expressed lncRNAs were screened. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis showed that the DElncRNAs significantly enriched Steroid hormone biosynthesis, Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Calcium signaling, and other pathways. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA (ceRNA) regulatory network of laying performance and nesting behavior was constructed through the database. MSTRG.1166.1-miR-450-x-SOX8, MSTRG. 7163.5-miR-182-x-CSMD1, XR_007167835.1- miR-277-z-RAB3B, MSTRG. 7163.5-miR-151-y-PAQR9, MSTRG.4615.2-miR-96-x-DAPK1, XR_007164924.1-miR-144-y-TFPI, XR_007161186.1-miR-205-x-THRB, MSTRG.10196.1/ XR_001206277.2-miR-339-x-TRAF4, and MSTRG.9442.1-miR-9-y-FBN3 may play an important role in the ovarian development of WWG. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed a targeting relationship between the MSTRG.1166.1/miR-450-x/SOX8 axis. The results of this study systematically expounded on how the HPG axis involves lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA to post-transcriptionally regulate the broodiness behavior and laying performance of WWG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results will improve knowledge of the complex interaction between lncRNA and genes controlling laying performance and broodiness behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving emulsifying properties by high-voltage Electrostatic field in emulsified pork batter as phosphate-replacement.","authors":"Yu-Tse Liu, Hui-Zhen Yan, Chao-Wei Huang, Thami-Wiseman Ndlandla, Fu-Yuan Cheng","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Phosphates are traditionally used to enhance emulsification and texture in meat products. In response to growing consumer demand for healthier, non-chemical alternatives, this study explored the potential of a non-thermal processing technology-high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF)-to improve emulsification properties while preserving protein structures. Specifically, the objective was to evaluate the effects of HVEF treatment on the quality of phosphate-free emulsified pork batter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fresh ham was cut and randomly assigned into four groups, including conventional refrigerator with 0.15% phosphate, Phosphate (1) and phosphate-free without HVEF (0 kV/m) (2), and HVEF group, phosphate-free with low and high voltage -90 kV/m (3) and -150 kV/m (4) for 24 hours. Making the pork batter and analyzing the emulsifying activity index, emulsifying stability index, total expressible fluid and scanning electron microscope (SEM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the -150 kV/m HVEF group exhibited a significantly higher emulsifying activity index (EAI) than Phosphate and 0 kV/m group (p < 0.05), enhancing emulsification. After Processing, the -90 kV/m HVEF group retained more moisture than Phosphate and 0 kV/m groups (p < 0.05). For total exudate loss (TEF) and fat loss, -150 kV/m group exhibited the highest TEF and fat loss, whereas the -90 kV/m group had lower TEF than 0 kV/m group, suggesting -90 kV/m HVEF improves emulsion stability. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed denser and smoother structures in Phosphate and -90 kV/m groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>-90 kV/m HVEF enhances water retention and structural stability in emulsified pork batter, offering a viable phosphate alternative for high-quality meat products.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic inbreeding depression load for conformation defects and dressage traits in the Pura Raza Española horse.","authors":"Maria Ripollés-Lobo, Davinia Isabel Perdomo-González, Pedro Azor, Mercedes Valera","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5713/ab.25.0362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Investigate the genetic inbreeding depression load (IDL) on two dressage traits and two conformational defects in horses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The dataset included performance records for Walk and Points per Reprise (PPR) (N:43,838) and conformation data for Closed and Convergent hocks (N:57,949). Pedigree information spanned over 400,000 individuals. Inbreeding coefficients (F, F6, Fk) and partial inbreeding coefficient (Fij) were computed to quantify the IDL using Bayesian approach. Linear and ordinal logistic regressions were used to assess the relationship between inbreeding and phenotypic values. Additionally, Pearson correlations were computed to explore IDL relationships across traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant inbreeding depression was detected for Walk and PPR across all inbreeding coefficients, with stronger effects for recent inbreeding (F6). Closed hocks showed significant positive associations with inbreeding, while Convergent hocks displayed mixed responses. Heritability estimates were low for gait traits (0.02) and moderate for defects (0.15-0.22). Only a small percentage of animals exhibited favorable IDL values for a 10% inbreeding: 2.94% (Walk), 0.77% (PPR), 1.30% (Closed hock), and 0.69% (Convergent hock). While heritability reflects the variation actually observed within a population, IDL ratios indicate the possible variation that exists, regardless of whether it is currently expressed or not. Pearson correlations revealed moderate positive IDL associations between Walk and PPR (0.45), and lower correlations between gait and defect traits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results highlight the importance of modeling individual-specific IDL in PRE genetic evaluations. IDL explained a substantial proportion of phenotypic variance and showed trait-specific patterns. Incorporating IDL into selection strategies enables more informed breeding decisions, allowing the retention of valuable genetic lines while minimizing deleterious inbreeding effects, thereby supporting more sustainable and resilient genetic improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heated drinking water in winter improves growth performance of male Hu sheep by modulating rumen quorum sensing and metabolites, and enhancing serum antioxidant capacity.","authors":"Chang Liu, Lingyan Li, Jiaqi Dai, Mingren Qu, Kehui Ouyang, Qinghua Qiu","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0821","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the mechanism by which increasing the temperature of drinking water in winter promotes sheep growth from a microbiological perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 12 healthy male Hu sheep were evenly divided into two groups: one with drinking water at 12°C (WT12) and the other at 25°C (WT25), and they were raised for 60 days in the cold winter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The WT25 group had higher average daily gain, serum immunoglobulin G, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, along with lower feed-to-gain ratio, serum cortisol, malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, and oxidative stress index when compared to the WT12 group (p<0.05). The concentrations of microbial crude protein, microbial density, autoinducer-2 signaling molecule concentration, and biofilm formation were higher in the WT25 group, while the ammonia nitrogen concentration was lower (p<0.05). The relative abundances of Muribaculum and Clostridia UCG-014, as well as the predicted metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism, were lower in the WT25 group, whereas the metabolism of other amino acids showed increased abundances (p<0.05). Both principal coordinates analysis and analysis of similarities revealed no significant differences in rumen microbial communities between the WT12 and WT25 groups (p>0.05). Metabolomics analysis identified 12 differential metabolites, four of which were correlated with Muribaculum, Raoultibacter, and Coriobacteriales Incertae Sedis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that heated drinking water in winter may improve growth performance by increasing rumen microbial biofilm formation and enhancing serum antioxidant capacity in Hu sheep. This study reveals links between rumen microbial quorum sensing and critical parameters such as animal growth phenotypes, rumen metabolic characteristics, and specific bacterial genera. It offers innovative perspectives on enhancing animal feed efficiency through the modulation of rumen microbial quorum sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2280-2296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Mongolian Bergenia crassifolia L. (root) extract on rumen methane emission and microbial community.","authors":"Xinrui Zhao, Otgonpurev Sukhbaatar, Linlin Kou, Xinming Cheng, Metha Wanapat, Mahmoud Kamal, Togtokhbayar Norovsambuu, Zhanying Sun, Yanfen Cheng","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0836","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aims to research the effects of Mongolian plants on reducing methane emissions, fermentation parameters, and microbial communities in grazing systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Initially, various Mongolian plants were screened to assess their ability to reduce methane production in an in vitro experiment. The most effective plant was selected for extracting active components, and their concentrations were determined. In vitro rumen fermentation used rice straw and alfalfa as substrates. Extract were added at 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% of dry matter. Measured parameters included gas production, methane production, and rumen fermentation parameters. After the fermentation experiments, we extracted DNA from the rumen fluid for quantitative PCR and 16S high-throughput sequencing analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bergenia crassifolia L. exhibited the most significant methane reduction, its root extract containing approximately 70% condensed tannin, decreased methane production in the rice straw substrate (p<0.01). The 5% addition also showed notable effcacy in the alfalfa substrate (p<0.01). Furthermore, 1% addition of the extract had no significant effect on rumen fermentation parameters. Ruminococcus and Christensenellaceae R-7 were emerged as key methane-reducing taxa (p<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bergenia crassifolia L. (root) extract demonstrated stronger methane reduction efficacy in low-quality roughage compared to high-quality roughage, with 1% being the optimal dose. This finding suggests Bergenia crassifolia L. potential as a new strategy for sustainable rumen methane mitigation in grazing systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2155-2172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of yam bean pulp on growth performance, gut morphology, digestive development, and digestibility in broilers raised in hot environments.","authors":"Kedsirin Sakwiwatkul, Wannisa Ojan, Purinut Treehera, Jessada Pidtathasa, Theeranon Pomwong, Anut Chantiratikul, Siriporn Lawan, Manisa Sangkaew","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0057","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Rearing broilers in high-temperature environments can impair growth performance, affecting the economic efficiency of broiler production. Dietary fiber sources like yam bean pulp (YBP) may mitigate these effects by promoting digestive organ development and gut integrity, enhancing nutrient absorption and growth. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of YBP inclusion on digestive development, gut morphology, nutrient digestibility, serum lipid profiles, and growth performance in broilers raised under high environmental temperatures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Since YBP has not previously been used in poultry diets, its optimal inclusion level was determined using in vitro digestibility measurements, which identified 4% YBP as the optimal initial inclusion level for further in vivo study. Subsequently, the in vivo study was conducted with 200 one-day-old ROSS broiler chicks, randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (0%, 4%, 8%, and 12% YBP; 5 replicates of 10 birds each), and housed in an open system at an average temperature of 32.1±3.7°C. Digestive traits, nutrient digestibility, serum lipid profiles, and growth performance were assessed over 21 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that YBP inclusion (up to 12%) improved gut morphology by increasing villi height and the villi height-to-crypt depth ratio in the duodenum and ileum, alongside dose-dependent improvements in dry matter digestibility. However, crude protein digestibility declined when YBP levels exceeded 8%. Despite these benefits, YBP inclusion did not alleviate heat stress effects on growth performance, digestive organ development, or serum lipid profiles, even at the highest inclusion level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary YBP can enhance gut morphology and nutrient digestibility in broilers from day 1 to 21, with optimal inclusion levels not exceeding 8%. However, its use does not mitigate the negative effects of heat stress on broiler growth in high-temperature environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2203-2214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of combined cryoprotectants on the cryotolerance of boar sperm.","authors":"Shuangyi Deng, Liwei Yang, Li Gao, Chengcheng Ning, Shiyin Wang, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0915","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The frozen semen has the significant advantages of long-term storage and long-range transportation. However, due to the low cryotolerance of boar sperm, the global utilization of frozen boar semen in artificial insemination was less than 1% until the year 2000.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the effects of five cryoprotectants at different concentrations on the cryotolerance of boar semen were evaluated when they were added separately, and the optimal concentrations for each cryoprotectant were determined, then their combined additive effects were further assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At a glycerol (GLY) concentration of 5%, the quality of frozen-thawed sperm reached its maximum value, which was significantly higher than the 4% GLY group (p<0.05) and 0% GLY group (p<0.01). The straight-line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), sperm plasma membrane integrity (SPMI), sperm acrosome integrity (SAI) and sperm mitochondrial activity (SMA) of the frozen-thawed sperm in treated egg yolk group exhibited significant improvements compared to the untreated egg yolk group (p<0.05). The total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), SPMI, SAI, and SMA of 2% Equex STM paste group were significantly higher than the rest groups (p<0.05). The TM, PM, VSL, VCL, and VAP of frozen-thawed sperm in the 250 nM and 300 nM Mitoquinone mesylate groups showed significant improvements compared to the other groups (p<0.05), and the reactive oxygen species levels in sperm cells were also significantly lower (p<0.05). The quality of frozen-thawed boar sperm in 0.6 mM L-ergothioneine group reached its peak value and was significantly higher than the rest groups (p<0.05). When these five cryoprotectants were used in combination, the quality of frozen-thawed boar sperm exhibited a significant improvement compared to when they were used individually (p<0.05). Utilizing the frozen-thawed boar semen to inseminate estrus sows, the reproductive performance of the sows did not differ significantly from the sows inseminated with fresh semen (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The optimized boar semen cryopreservation system can substantially enhance the quality of frozen-thawed boar sperm, making it suitable for artificial insemination in pig farm.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2111-2124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating effect of different dominance genotype encodings on genome-wide association studies and genomic selection.","authors":"Xiangyu Dai, Jiakun Qiao, Zhiwei Long, Zhaoxuan Che, Fangjun Xu, Na Miao, Mengjin Zhu","doi":"10.5713/ab.24.0658","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.24.0658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The quantification of dominance effects varies across different models, and the appropriate coding in genetic analyses remains debated. This study investigated several proposed dominance encoding methods, evaluating their performance in genetic analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three datasets, each representing the breeds Duroc, Landrace, and Yorkshire, were used in this study. We assessed heritability, genetic effects, and prediction accuracy in genomic selection (GS), as well as significant loci and statistical power in genome-wide association studies (GWAS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In GS, correlations among additive effects and among total genetic effects across models were high (0.9 to 1) under different dominance encodings for most traits, while only the (0, 1, 0) and (0, 2p, 4p-2) encodings maintained high correlations for all traits. The average prediction accuracy of the additive-dominance model with the (0, 1, 0) encoding increased by 2.79% and 1.69%, respectively, compared to the (0, 1, 1) and (0, 2p, 4p-2) encodings for all traits. In GWAS, the (0, 1, 0) encoding had higher statistical power compared to the (0, 1, 1) and (0, 2p, 4p-2) encodings, especially for rare variants. Additionally, different dominance encodings identified independent and distinct significant loci.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The (0, 1, 0) encoding method generally outperforms the others in genetic analyses, while alternative encodings provide complementary insights into dominance effects. These findings provide valuable guidance for selecting dominance encodings in genetic analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2067-2078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated metabolome and immunity analysis of immune-physiological responses in dairy cows under heat stress condition.","authors":"Jun Sik Eom, Sangjin Lee, Joonpyo Oh, Byeong Cheol Ban, Yeeun Kim, Goeun Han, Bon-Hee Gu, Eun-Tae Kim, Sang-Bum Kim, Sung Sill Lee, Myunghoo Kim","doi":"10.5713/ab.25.0038","DOIUrl":"10.5713/ab.25.0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the metabolic changes and immune responses in Jersey dairy cows under heat stress (HS). The focus was on understanding HS-induced alterations in metabolism and immunity compared to HS-free cows.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolomics was performed on rumen fluid, serum, and milk samples which were collected through single sampling from HS-free (n = 9) and HS-exposed (n = 8) Jersey cows. Immune cell proportions and functions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analyzed to identify heat-sensitive immunological changes. Correlation analysis was conducted to link immune indicators with serum metabolites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Metabolomics revealed potential HS biomarkers in biofluids: nicotinate and phenylacetate in rumen fluid; isopropanol in serum; and glycine and trehalose in milk. HS increased B cell and CD4+ T cell populations, as well as Th17 cells and IL-17A expression in PBMCs. Twenty-three metabolites correlated strongly with five immune indicators, with nine metabolites exhibiting a positive correlation and fourteen a negative correlation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HS alters the both metabolism and immune cell function in Jersey dairy cows. These findings provide key information for the development of diagnostic methods for HS and nutritional intervention strategies to mitigate HS for dairy cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":7825,"journal":{"name":"Animal Bioscience","volume":" ","pages":"2215-2232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}