Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Potential effects of parent–child joint school trips on parents’ wellbeing: A conceptual framework","authors":"Azamsadat Hosseini Shoabjareh,&nbsp;Milad Ghasri","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, there has been a noticeable increase in the number of parents accompanying their children to school. Existing literature has primarily focused on the motivations behind this decision and its impact on children’s wellbeing, while the effect of children’s school trips on parents’ wellbeing is not sufficiently studied. To address this gap, this study employs “value of children” and “demand and reward” theories to provide a conceptual framework that demonstrates how taking children to school can influence parents’ wellbeing through different channels. Using the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC), which contains data from 10,000 Australian children and their parents, we develop a structural equation model (SEM) to examine the connections within the proposed conceptual framework. Our findings reveal that when parents accompany their children to school, it improves the quality of their parent–child relationship, leading to an increase in overall wellbeing. Furthermore, when parents and children walk to school together, it enhances parents’ physical health and wellbeing. However, using public transport to take children to school increases parents’ time pressure and undermines their wellbeing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104299"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Market segmentation of an electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) air taxi commuting service in five large U.S. cities","authors":"Laurie A. Garrow ,&nbsp;Patricia L. Mokhtarian ,&nbsp;Brian J. German ,&nbsp;John “Jack” S. Glodek ,&nbsp;Caroline E. Leonard P.E.","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many companies are developing prototypes for novel electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft to serve as air taxis in cities. These eVTOL air taxis are envisioned as a new form of shared transportation that has the potential to reduce commuting times in urban areas with congested roadway networks. In this study, an attitudinal survey of high-income commuters in five U.S. cities was conducted to better understand the segmentation of the market for future eVTOL urban air taxis. Factor analysis of eVTOL perceptions identified two dimensions: Concern and Enthusiasm. Cluster analysis of the scores on these factors identified six meaningful segments, which differed on a variety of demographic, travel behavior, and attitudinal variables, as well as on participants’ inclination to adopt eVTOL travel. The study demonstrates how assessment of the sizes of the various air taxi market segments is affected by mean-centering the factor scores obtained from Likert-scale survey results; in particular, it finds that the conventional mean-centered factor scoring approach understates positive interest in eVTOL air taxis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104267"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mobility-as-a-service and travel behaviour change: How multimodal bundles reshape our travel choices","authors":"Aitan M. Militão,&nbsp;Chinh Q. Ho,&nbsp;John D. Nelson","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) is an innovative framework aiming to promote sustainable mobility via altering users travel behaviour. Despite its potential, empirical evidence of MaaS effectiveness in achieving sustainable goals is scarce due to limited real-world trials and commercial offers of MaaS. This study leverages high-quality data from the Sydney MaaS trial and the Application of Programming Interface (API) to develop an original Error Components-Random Parameter Logit Model that describe the choices of transport modes under the “MaaS era”. Analysis results offer the first insight into how multimodal bundles reshape mode choices and the extent to which subscription bundles could be used as a powerful tool to nudge users towards more sustainable choices. The results show that multimodal bundles present an appealing alternative for the users and help them reduce their private car use. Simulations were conducted to provide guidance for designing multimodal bundles that are both attractive to users and friendly to the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104310"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclists’ heterogeneous parking preferences and their implications for bicycle parking facilities","authors":"David Kohlrautz,&nbsp;Tobias Kuhnimhof","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding bicycle parking behavior is essential when planning bicycle parking facilities. This is necessary in order to meet the needs of cyclists, to effectively promote cycling, and to prevent fly parking of bicycles. Therefore, this paper analyzes cyclists’ parking preferences regarding the type and placement of bicycle parking facilities. The study is based on a stated preference experiment (n = 2,960) on the bicycle parking choice behavior of university students and employees of RWTH Aachen University, one of the largest universities in Germany. The analysis employs a mixed logit model to estimate the influence of facility type and user-specific factors, the willingness to pay for parking facilities, and the relevance of cycling detours and walking distances. The results indicate that cyclists are more than twice as sensitive to walking distances than to cycling detours. Furthermore, they have a general preference for bicycle parking stations and covered versus uncovered parking racks, as well as a reluctance to use informal parking facilities. While previous research has shown that groups of cyclists have different preferences and parking behaviors, it has been unclear what factors influence group membership. This paper shows that student and employment status and the resale value of the bicycle are important user-specific factors influencing the choice between parking facilities. Furthermore, there is a notable willingness to pay for bicycle parking, especially among those with expensive bicycles. The considerable variation in preferences among cyclists underscores the importance of considering the heterogeneity of cyclists when planning parking facilities to optimize their utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104298"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does COVID-19 pandemic affect airline’s route choice and market contact? − Full-service carriers vs. low-cost carriers in China","authors":"Xiangru Wu ,&nbsp;Kun Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Fu ,&nbsp;Kangyin Dong ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Sun ,&nbsp;Tae Hoon Oum","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We empirically examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on airlines’ route choices and market contact based on the Chinese domestic market over the period 2019–2022. An airline route choice model is estimated for both full-service carriers (FSCs) and Spring Airlines, China’s largest and most representative low-cost carriers (LCCs), which disentangles the “attenuating” and “persistent” effects of the pandemic on airlines’ route choices. The former effect refers to airlines exiting from extant routes in response to the sudden decline in air travel demand and strict pandemic controls, while the latter effect reflects airlines’ relatively long-term adjustment of their competition strategy triggered by the pandemic. Our empirical findings are as follows: The pandemic had a positive “persistent effect” and a negative “attenuating effect” on Spring Airlines. Spring Airlines has actively expanded its network to all types of routes, especially the dense routes connected to major airports. FSCs also adjusted their route entry strategy by entering more thin routes connected to secondary cities (i.e., a positive “persistent effect”). The pandemic has broken the equilibrium of network differentiation between FSCs and Spring Airlines in China. Spring Airlines has begun expanding services at FSCs’ major hub airports. FSCs have also tried to serve more lucrative niche routes that were previously monopolized by Spring Airlines. Overall, we observe more frequent market contact and increasing head-to-head competition between FSCs and Spring Airlines during the pandemic, when the overall traffic volume has rebounded to the pre-pandemic level. This is probably because of the airlines’ desperate need for cash flow amid financial difficulties, forcing them to intensify competition. This could have also been facilitated by more idle aircraft/airport slot capacities reallocated from the international market to the domestic market during the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104291"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing air traveler preferences for pay-per-weight pricing","authors":"Lorenzo Masiero ,&nbsp;Judit Zoltan ,&nbsp;Denis Tolkach ,&nbsp;Stephen Pratt ,&nbsp;Matias Thuen Jørgensen ,&nbsp;Markus Schuckert ,&nbsp;Kaye Chon","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In efforts to reduce fuel consumption of air travel, the inclusion of passenger body weight in airline pricing is a relevant but contested opportunity. This study aims to investigate this issue from the economic perspective; by implementing a stated choice experiment to assess the stated preferences of consumers toward a set of predefined air passenger weight policies. Three policies are tested: “standard”, where price is defined irrespective of weight; “threshold body weight”, where an additional fee is required when exceeding a certain weight; and “unit body weight”, where passengers pay according to their body weight and receive a discount for reduced luggage size. In terms of respondents’ preferences for policies, service and price attributes were found to have significant importance, while environmental concerns related to pay-per-weight pricing received only marginal consideration. The results provide practical implications to airline companies regarding pricing policies and airline choice behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104302"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does built environment have impact on traffic congestion? —A bootstrap mediation analysis on a case study of Melbourne","authors":"Dong Xiao ,&nbsp;Inhi Kim ,&nbsp;Nan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While the relationship between built environment, mobility choices and travel productions has been well documented, the impact of built environment on traffic performance, particularly congestion, is not extensively investigated. In existing investigations, the mechanisms by which built environment affects traffic performance-whether direct or indirect-remain unclear. Furthermore, traffic performance is mostly quantified by aggregated and rough performance metrics that fail to capture the operational characteristics of traffic. This study examines both the direct and indirect relationships between built environment and traffic congestion using the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) to connect traffic dynamics with built environment properties. The study hypothesizes that built environment has an indirect impact on congestion and analyzes the possible indirect effects utilizing the bootstrap mediation analysis. Two components, namely the “operational capacity” and “travel demand”, are defined as mediating factors. The analysis is conducted based on data collected from 133 Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) in the Melbourne region, Australia, including both traffic and built environment data collected from 2019. Results show that “road network connectivity” and “road network structure” can intensify congestion, while “public transit accessibility” is critical in congestion reduction. The analysis also reveals that “operational capacity” serves as a mediating factor in this relationship. Notably, this analysis identifies less pronounced mediating effects, hinting that built environment may exert a more direct influence on congestion levels. The proposed analytical method and observations hold practical value for planners and policymakers in developing strategies for planning and infrastructure development. A critical takeaway is the imperative to assess the impact on the consequent operational traffic efficiency to ensure that potential congestion is proactively mitigated through informed and sustainable planning decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104297"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving public transportation via line-based integration of on-demand ridepooling","authors":"Andres Fielbaum ,&nbsp;Alejandro Tirachini ,&nbsp;Javier Alonso-Mora","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ride-sourcing companies have worsened congestion in numerous cities worldwide, as many users are attracted from more sustainable modes. To reverse this trend, it is crucial to leverage the technology of connecting users and vehicles online and use it to strengthen public transport, which can be achieved by integrating on-demand pooled services with existing fixed-line services. We propose an efficient and practical integration idea: namely, to complement fixed bus lines with a fleet of smaller vehicles that follow flexible (on-demand) routes side-by-side with the fixed routes, so that part of the demand that would have used the fixed line can ride the flexible service instead. With this scheme, a smaller bus fleet is required, partially compensating for the increase in operators’ costs stemming from the flexible vehicles. This integration strategy favors mostly two types of users: those traveling in low-demand periods, through lower waiting times, and those located far from the bus stops, because the on-demand vehicles can reduce their access time. We develop simulations in real-world scenarios from Santiago, Chile, and Berlin, Germany, for the cases of human-driven and automated vehicles. Results show that when vehicles are automated: (i) A small number of on-demand vehicles can reduce average walking times from approximately 12 to 2 min while reducing operators’ costs, leading to a Pareto improvement, (ii) A larger number of on-demand vehicles can diminish total costs by 13%–39%, through a reduction in users’ costs, although increasing operators’ costs. If vehicles are not automated, total costs are reduced by more than 10% in all of the scenarios analyzed, but a Pareto improvement is not always possible. In general, this mixed fixed/on-demand system outperforms the use of on-demand ridepooling only. Results are more promising in Berlin, because large buses are cheaper in Santiago and run more crowded, so it is more costly to partially replace them by smaller vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104289"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How has COVID-19 changed individuals’ e-commerce and shopping mobility habits? Evidence from Madrid Region","authors":"José Cano-Leiva,&nbsp;Juan Gomez,&nbsp;Guilherme F. Alves,&nbsp;José Manuel Vassallo","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of e-commerce has grown exponentially in recent years, driven by the increase in Internet connectivity and the spread of electronic payment mechanisms. Lockdowns and social distancing measures imposed during the COVID-19 health crisis led to an extra growth in the use of e-shopping among the population, some of which has continued after the end of the pandemic. E-commerce practices have been found to influence mobility patterns of individuals, with many contributions having analyzed their effects on shopping trips before the pandemic and during COVID waves. However, there is a need to understand the lasting changes in individuals’ patterns of e-commerce as well as their subsequent impact on mobility in the aftermath of the pandemic. To that end, this research takes advantage of a macro survey campaign in the Region of Madrid, Spain between October and November 2022, collecting 15,666 valid responses in a fully post-COVID timeframe. This information was exploited to build a Generalized Structural Equation Model (GSEM) that explores individuals’ patterns of e-commerce use in two different time periods, pre- and post-COVID, with the aim of studying to what extent changes in e-commerce and shopping habits have modified individuals’ mobility patterns. The research concludes a positive, albeit modest, effect of the pandemic on e-commerce usage among the population, as well as an increased preference for shopping physically close to home. Reductions in shopping mobility are greater among intensive users of e-commerce and people who before COVID mainly used the private car or public transport for shopping trips, thus suggesting a positive impact on sustainability from the demand side. The paper provides additional insights on the relationships between shopping habits, e-commerce use, and reductions in the mobility of individuals due to the availability of e-commerce, of interest to researchers and policymakers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104295"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How public transport users would react to different pandemic alert scenarios in the post-vaccine era? An analysis of preferences and attitudes of the users in the metropolitan area of Naples (Italy)","authors":"Fiore Tinessa ,&nbsp;Concepción Román Garcia ,&nbsp;Fulvio Simonelli ,&nbsp;Andrea Papola ,&nbsp;Francesca Pagliara","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2024.104301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dramatic experience due to COVID-19 spread has reshaped travel preferences of public transport (PT) users worldwide, especially in urban areas. As the PT is expected to recover its major role in such areas, it is important to understand the factors influencing PT users’ willingness to pay (WTP) for onboard safety measures, in the event of future pandemic scenarios. Furthermore, both individual latent traits (e.g. concern for the pandemic, trust/distrust in city services and national government actions) and perceived entity of the pandemic are expected to influence preferences for PT users under such a post-pandemic scenario. This paper analyses the preferences and attitudes of PT users in the Naples metropolitan area (Italy) through a hybrid choice model (HCM). First, WTPs for onboard service features are assessed in three hypothetical pandemic alert scenarios, which are explicitly introduced in the model as context variables. Second, the model allows for assessing the relative importance of onboard characteristics as the pandemic scenario evolves. Third, the model incorporates psycho-attitudinal variables and shows how they impact WTPs. Finally, several policy implications for policymakers and transport companies operating in the study area are derived. In particular: (a) WTPs for increased/reduced occupancy rate and green pass check at the entrance significantly depend upon the latent traits investigated; (b) relative importance of safety measures varies significantly between the pandemic alert scenarios; (c) possible ticketing strategies for PT users have been investigated based on the HCM findings, searching for the configuration of safety measures to ensure that users accept a 100% allowed capacity on board during moderate/high pandemic scenarios without varying the price, as well as the price variations needed to stay in an indifference range of the utility in restricted conditions of the service; (d) the acceptability of safety measures has been assessed through a simulation exercise, finding that non-vaccinated travellers are 2.6 and 2.1 times more willing to accept a full capacity of the buses/trains on board than vaccinated people if subscribers or not, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 104301"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}