Eric Brousseau , Etienne Côme , Nicolas Coulombel , Isac Olave-Cruz
{"title":"Harmonizing dockless E-scooters: insights from Paris","authors":"Eric Brousseau , Etienne Côme , Nicolas Coulombel , Isac Olave-Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improper parking is one of the most significant barriers to the adoption and acceptance of dockless shared e-scooters worldwide. This paper investigates the effects of mandatory parking regulations in Paris that require e-scooters to be parked in designated bays in the form of painted corrals. To assess the impact of these regulations and their unintended effects, we develop a novel multicriteria evaluation method around three principles: efficiency, accessibility, and compliance. Using a unique large-scale database that geolocates every parked e-scooter in the city at three-hour intervals, we find that designated parking bays improve mis-parking by reducing cluttering. However, they also unintentionally reduce accessibility. Furthermore, we provide insights into the persistence of mis-parking and the congestion of parking bays, two key factors that contributed to the ban of shared e-scooters in the city.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 104702"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Songhua Hu , Giacomo Orsi , Paolo Santi , An Wang , Umberto Fugiglando , Carlo Ratti
{"title":"Evaluating the impact of zone 30 policies on citywide road traffic emissions and efficiency: A big data-driven approach","authors":"Songhua Hu , Giacomo Orsi , Paolo Santi , An Wang , Umberto Fugiglando , Carlo Ratti","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zone 30, i.e., decreasing road speed limits to 30 km/h, has gained popularity in Europe recently. While its safety benefits are well documented, its impacts on emissions and efficiency remain less clear. This study uses large-scale trajectory data from over 3.4 million trips in Milan, Italy, to assess Zone 30’s impacts on road traffic emissions and efficiency across different scenarios. Results show that in the most restrictive scenario, where Zone 30 applies to all roads except highways and primary roads within the city’s outer ring, the average travel time increases by 7.24%, and total emissions rise by 0.66% (PM non-exhaust), 1.93% (CO), 2.06% (CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span>), 2.12% (NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mi>x</mi></msub></math></span>), and 3.53% (PM exhaust). These impacts vary across space and time: peak hours and cross-region trips show the largest increases, while roads in city centers with lower functional classes and higher centrality experience smaller relative increases. As Zone 30 initiatives are usually accompanied by efforts to curb driving demand, further analysis suggests that a minimum 5% reduction in total vehicle travel would offset the emission increases and achieve an overall breakeven. Together, these findings offer policymakers a data-driven understanding of Zone 30’s impacts and provide a flexible, scenario-based framework to guide nuanced, phased implementation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 104705"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Internalizing congestion: the impact of market concentration and priority provision in global container ports","authors":"Dong Yang , Chengkun Li , Yulai Wan , Xiwen Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In many transportation infrastructures, such as airport runways and container terminals, users (i.e., airlines and shipping lines) are non-atomistic. An extra visit to the transportation facility by a certain carrier not only increases the waiting time of the other carriers’ fleets but also hurts the operation of its own fleet. Theoretically, individual non-atomistic users may have incentives to (partially) internalize the congestion externality imposed on their own operation when making fleet arrival decisions. If this incentive exists, it will affect the optimal policy for mitigating congestion. Using high-frequency global vessel data from January 2016 to December 2020, covering 27 prominent container ports and 138 terminals, we provide evidence on the existence of congestion internalization and quantify the impact of priority provision on the incentives of internalizing congestion. By addressing the endogeneity issues with instrumental variables, we find that higher market concentration reduces vessels’ waiting time to berth. However, the provision of berthing priority can lengthen waiting times. Heterogeneity tests indicate that a 0.01-unit increase in the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) is associated with an average decrease of approximately 7.289 h in vessel waiting time at terminals with low priority share, while no significant effects of HHI are observed on vessel waiting time at terminals with high priority share. This indicates that providing berthing priority reduces shipping lines’ incentives to mitigate congestion internally. Our findings provide new insights into how priority affects efficiency in congestible systems where users are non-atomistic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 104697"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rong Hu , Shuai Yue , Changmin Jiang , Shiyuan Zheng
{"title":"Bridging the green divide: Optimal airport subsidy mechanisms for sustainable aviation fuel adoption in airports","authors":"Rong Hu , Shuai Yue , Changmin Jiang , Shiyuan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) has emerged as a critical lever for decarbonizing air transport, yet its high production cost keeps uptake stubbornly low. Airports, which can bridge the price gap through targeted subsidies, have piloted both per-unit fixed payments and cost differential schemes to support SAF adoption. This paper develops a unified two-stage sequential-game model, incorporating emission constraints, stochastic SAF costs, and oligopolistic airline competition to compare these mechanisms. We evaluate the performance of each subsidy strategy in promoting SAF adoption, airport profit, airline profit, subsidy burdens, and social welfare. Fixed payments provide stability and drive uptake in nascent, volatile, or highly competitive markets. Cost differential support, by aligning subsidies with actual cost spreads and sharing risk, maximizes welfare in mature, stable, high-demand environments. Building on these insights, policymakers can start with per-unit fixed subsidies to catalyze initial adoption, then transition to cost differential schemes, backed by a transparent and data-driven monitoring system that aligns subsidy parameters with the evolving market to ensure optimal decarbonization outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 104699"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An investigation of physical participation dissonance and virtual activity participation in the United States","authors":"Dale Robbennolt, Anna Beliveau, Chandra R. Bhat","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physical out-of-home (OH) activity accessibility has been studied extensively in the transportation sector, but the recent growth in virtual online activities highlights the need to consider the rich interplay between physical and virtual activity participation. In particular, telework and delivery services present opportunities for new modalities of activity access, potentially expanding activity opportunities for those with limited physical accessibility. In this paper, using data from the 2022 National Household Travel Survey in the United States, we investigate (a) the intensity (and heterogeneity across individuals in this intensity) of discord between how much individuals would like to partake in physical OH participation and how much they actually are able to (we refer to this discord as physical participation dissonance or PPD), (b) the subjective reasons for PPD (c) the intensity of, and heterogeneity across individuals in virtual participation (measured by the intensity of teleworking and home deliveries), and (d) whether or not virtual participation reduces or increases PPD, and by how much. Our results reveal that individuals from zero-worker households, households with fewer vehicles than drivers, low-income households, renting households, and households residing in rural areas all manifest a higher PPD, as do older individuals, racial minorities, non-drivers, and individuals with medical conditions. We find significant heterogeneity in the reasons for experiencing PPD and in virtual participation. Finally, virtual participation does seem to help reduce PPD for those in households with fewer vehicles than drivers, women, older adults, and individuals with medical conditions, but is not effective in reducing PPD for those in low-income, renting, and rural-residing households, as well as for racial minorities and non-drivers. These findings suggest a growing need to consider the relationship between physical and virtual participation, and provide insights for policymakers and transportation planners to improve overall activity accessibility (including expanding access to virtual opportunities) for disadvantaged populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 104696"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An international survey on risk distribution preferences for autonomous vehicles","authors":"Sebastian Krügel, Matthias Uhl","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Every maneuver of a vehicle redistributes risks between road users. While human drivers do this intuitively, autonomous vehicles allow and require deliberative algorithmic risk management. But how should traffic risks be distributed among road users? In a global experimental study in eight countries with different cultural backgrounds and almost 11,000 participants, we compared risk distribution preferences. It turns out that risk preferences in road traffic are strikingly similar between the cultural zones. The vast majority of participants in all countries exhibits intuitions whose pattern deviates from minimizing accident probabilities in favor of weighing up the probability and severity of accidents. At the national level, the consideration of accident probability and severity hardly differs between countries. The gap between collective and individual interests as expressed in the social dilemma of autonomous vehicles detected in deterministic crash scenarios seems to be weakened in risk assessments of everyday traffic situations. In no country do cyclists receive a risk bonus that goes beyond their higher vulnerability. In sum, our results suggest that the inclination to balance the probability and severity of accidents may be a moral judgment with cross-cultural spread.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 104695"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real-time reposition management of bike-sharing systems: a synchronous predict-then-optimize approach","authors":"Zifan Kang, Ximing Chang, Huijun Sun, Xin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a convenient and low-carbon transport service to address the “last mile” problem, bike-sharing systems (BSSs) have been rapidly developed worldwide. However, the salient spatiotemporal imbalance between demand and supply has led to the bike-sharing repositioning problem (BSRP), aiming to reposition bikes from surplus stations to insufficient stations efficiently in BSS. This paper proposes a synchronous prediction then instantaneous optimization (SPtIO) approach, which consists of a multi-task multi-gate mixture of topology adaptive graph convolutional networks (3M−TAGCN) station relocation demand prediction model and a transformer policy-based reinforcement learning (TPRL) bike-sharing repositioning model. The 3M−TAGCN model makes synchronous and dynamic predictions for the real-time relocation demands of all stations by learning features and relationships from historical inflow and outflow spatiotemporal data. Leveraging the advantage of “offline training + online optimizing”, the TPRL model instantaneously figures out the dynamic BSRP based on predicted relocation demands. The policy of the TPRL model consists of a transformer network and a mask method, and the training process incorporates the policy gradient algorithm. Experiments on the New York Citi Bike dataset demonstrate that the 3M−TAGCN prediction model outperforms other baseline models in various scenarios. The TPRL bike-sharing repositioning model effectively determines near-optimal repositioning schemes. Evident results have shown significant improvements in the proposed SPtIO approach over the service quality and repositioning efficiency of BSSs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 104678"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tianxing Dai , Gretchen Bella , Peeter Kivestu , Ying Chen , Amanda Stathopoulos , Yu (Marco) Nie
{"title":"What mobile phone data reveal about mobility patterns of teleworkers","authors":"Tianxing Dai , Gretchen Bella , Peeter Kivestu , Ying Chen , Amanda Stathopoulos , Yu (Marco) Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a short period, the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed telework into a common practice for a significant portion of the workforce. This shift has profound implications for land use, urban development, and transportation. Traditional survey-based methods for tracking these changes are struggling to keep pace with the rapidity of this transformation. Here, we propose a method to identify different types of workers using mobile phone data, enabling a detailed examination of the correlation between work arrangements, mobility patterns and key socio-demographic attributes. By applying a hierarchical clustering algorithm to features extracted from a mobile phone dataset, six different worker types are identified and their validity is confirmed using different approaches. We find teleworkers tend to travel slower than regular workers but faster than non-workers. They also travel shorter distances to reach their primary activity locations than regular workers, but longer distances to other activity locations than both regular and non-workers. Our regression analysis further reveals that, largely in agreement with findings in literature, racial minority and low income groups are less likely to telework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 104670"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Partnering with transportation network companies (TNCs) for low-demand service: is it viable and beneficial for transit agencies?","authors":"Negin Shariat , Dingtong Yang , R. Jayakrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In low-demand areas or during off-peak hours, fixed-route bus services often show low productivity when maintaining regular headways. Reducing headways further decreases service quality, presenting a challenge for transit agencies. This paper proposes a novel approach to solve the low productivity issue, by forming a partnership between transit agencies and Transportation Network Companies (TNCs), where TNC vehicles substitute fixed-route buses in certain segments. The study introduces a decision-making framework to help transit agencies assess when and where such partnerships are operationally feasible and financially sustainable. It identifies key factors that influence the viability of TNC substitution, including vehicle hours, mileage, and passenger loads. Based on these factors, the paper explores various compensation schemes and determines the cost of TNC operations—a critical component of the framework. The proposed framework is evaluated using a real-world case study in Long Beach, California, USA. Findings suggest that in low-demand scenarios, specifically when the number of passengers per stop is fewer than 0.5, replacing buses with TNC services reduces operating costs. The results also indicate that transit agencies should consider both cost savings and passenger experience while making substitution decisions, as truncating longer route segments may yield lower savings but may improve service for additional passengers. Overall, this research provides valuable insights for transit practitioners seeking to reduce expenses and enhance service quality in low-demand areas and off-peak hours through innovative public–private partnerships with TNCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 104682"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanapon Lilasathapornkit , Debjit Bhowmick , Ben Beck , Hao Wu , Christopher Pettit , Kerry Nice , Sachith Seneviratne , Mohit Gupta , Hai L. Vu , Trisalyn Nelson , Meead Saberi
{"title":"Cycling route choice preferences: A taste heterogeneity and exogenous segmentation analysis based on age, gender, Geller typology, and e-bike use","authors":"Tanapon Lilasathapornkit , Debjit Bhowmick , Ben Beck , Hao Wu , Christopher Pettit , Kerry Nice , Sachith Seneviratne , Mohit Gupta , Hai L. Vu , Trisalyn Nelson , Meead Saberi","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A range of factors influences cyclists’ route choices, yet infrastructure design often fails to account for the diverse preferences and needs of different groups. This study examines cycling route choice preferences using revealed preference GPS data from Melbourne, Australia. Path Size Logit (PSL) and Mixed Path Size Logit models are estimated to capture path correlation due to overlapping routes and taste heterogeneity in route choice preferences among cyclist groups, segmented by age, gender, e-bike use, and Geller typology. Using a hybrid generalized Breadth-First Search on Link Elimination (BFS-LE) approach, the study enhances the quality and diversity of the generated choice set. Results indicate significant taste heterogeneity in route choices, with distinct preferences across cyclist segments. Risk-averse cyclists, particularly women and the “interested but concerned” group, showed a strong preference for protected bike lanes and off-road paths. In contrast, more confident cyclists, such as “enthused and confident,” exhibited greater flexibility and were less sensitive to infrastructure types, slopes, and turns. Traditional bike riders were found to be more sensitive to infrastructure variability compared to e-bike users. Findings also revealed that cyclists, on average, perceived a 1 % increase in the proportion of a route on an off-road bike path as equivalent to a reduction of 80 m in trip length, though this effect varied across individuals. Similarly, a 1 % increase in the proportion of a route on a protected bike lane was, on average, equivalent to a reduction of 61 m, while each additional turn was perceived, on average, as adding 121 m, highlighting the variability in how route complexity influences cyclists’ choices. Overall, the study offers valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers, emphasizing the need for inclusive cycling infrastructure that accommodates the diverse preferences of different cyclist groups to encourage broader participation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 104679"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}