Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Flight diversions and recovery decisions: Evidence from China","authors":"Bolong Zhou ,&nbsp;Kashin Sugishita ,&nbsp;Shinya Hanaoka ,&nbsp;Enoch Lee ,&nbsp;Hai Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flight diversions represent a significant challenge to the operational resilience of air transport systems, leading to substantial costs and disruptions for airlines, airports, and passengers. A typical diversion involves two critical stages: alternate landing and subsequent flight recovery. When recovery fails, cancellations not only disrupt airline operations and passenger itineraries but also strain airport ground facilities. This study employs spatial analysis and discrete choice modeling to analyze diversion patterns and recovery outcomes, using a dataset of commercial passenger flight diversions across mainland China. The findings reveal several key insights. First, major airports, particularly those serving as hubs or base airports for airlines, are preferred for alternate landings due to their robust ground support capabilities. While multiple-airport regions (MARs) are strategic receivers of diverted flights, the role of smaller airports within these systems requires further enhancement. Second, the recovery rate of diverted flights is strongly influenced by the airline’s business model. Major full-service carriers (FSCs) demonstrate higher recovery rates, whereas low-cost carriers (LCCs) and non-major carriers are more likely to cancel flights. Third, diversions within MARs significantly reduce recovery rates, underscoring the operational complexities of these regions. These findings offer practical insights for optimizing diversion protocols, enhancing MAR infrastructure, and formulating policies that balance network-wide efficiency with passenger-centric resilience in air transport systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104862"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does micromobility always contribute to traffic emission reduction? Modeling vehicle interactions in heterogeneous traffic flows","authors":"Yuxin Wang ,&nbsp;Yizheng Wu ,&nbsp;Lewen Wang ,&nbsp;Leqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Guohua Song ,&nbsp;Lei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micromobility, comprising small, lightweight vehicles, has gained popularity globally as a sustainable solution for achieving climate neutrality in metropolitan areas. While micromobility offers environmental benefits such as energy savings and emission reductions, interactions between micromobility vehicles (MMVs) and motor vehicles (MVs) can disrupt regular traffic flow and undermine these efforts. Given the dominance of regular bicycles (RBs) and electric bicycles (EBs) in China, this study focuses on these two modes as representatives for MMVs and proposes an improved heterogeneous flow simulation model to analyze the impact of MMV behaviors on MV operating dynamics. Observed MMVs behaviors (e.g., invasion and spilling) are modeled and defined as distinct lateral and longitudinal movement rules for RBs and EBs due to their different movement characteristics. A vehicle-specific-power-based (VSP-based) model with localized emission parameters is applied for accurate tailpipe emissions estimation, contrasting with traditional regression model. Field data from Beijing, China were collected for model calibration and validation, achieving an average deviation in simulated vehicle speeds of 4.70%. Results indicate that MMV interactions contribute up to 6.26% and 17.16% increases in NO_x and CO emissions, respectively. Additionally, the adoption of EB reduces CO₂ and HC emissions by 18.22% and 8.48%, respectively, compared to the RB-only scenario. This study further discusses the applicability and effects of various micromobility policies, including travel demand management, installing dedicated lanes, increasing e-powered penetration, and traffic calming. Adapting micromobility policies according to MV and MMV densities is crucial to preventing disproportionate emissions reduction efforts. The proposed model enhances the understanding of potential negative effect of micromobility on decarbonization objectives and serves as an effective tool for policymakers to assess and promote the effectiveness of micromobility policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104879"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prototype analysis of trust in autonomous vehicles (AVs)","authors":"Sandra Kiffin-Petersen,&nbsp;Sharon Purchase,&nbsp;Brett Smith,&nbsp;Doina Olaru","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trust in autonomous vehicles (AVs) plays a critical role in shaping public policy and fostering their public acceptance. As AV technology advances, measuring trust becomes increasingly important for informing government strategies. Trials currently undertaken in North America, Europe and Asia highlight the need for urban planning and transport policy departments to actively enhance public trust in AVs. This study applies prototype analysis, a technique widely used in psychology, though yet to become part of the standard toolkit in transport research, to investigate the features of trust in AVs. Prototype analysis is a novel ground-up methodology to investigate the cognitive structure of an abstract concept, here, trust in AVs. Rather than transferring human–human trust measures to trust in AVs, this study elicits context-specific constructs that may inform scale development processes through a series of five studies undertaken in Australia: feature generation, ranking/rating, best-worst, reaction time, and vignette analysis. A key outcome is a set of policy recommendations for how government departments can implement practices that can build trust in this future technology, ensuring public confidence keeps pace with technological advancements in autonomous transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104886"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Freight-on-transit: A systematic review centered on freight needs, methods, and real-world implementations","authors":"Manuela Córdoba-Misas ,&nbsp;Oriana Calderón ,&nbsp;Candace Brakewood","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transportation systems face spatial constraints that limit infrastructure expansion and complicate freight movement in dense city centers. Freight on Transit (FOT)—the shared use of public transit vehicles and infrastructure for goods transportation—has emerged as a strategy to improve last-mile logistics, reduce congestion, and support environmental goals. This research conducts a systematic review to consolidate current research on the methodological frameworks, operational strategies, and institutional dimensions of FOT. A total of 51 peer-reviewed studies were analyzed, covering both qualitative and quantitative approaches, with topics ranging from optimization models and simulation techniques to stakeholder analysis and policy frameworks. While the review examines FOT research broadly, it also expands the discussion on freight-specific considerations, such as commodity type, geographic context, and time-of-day factors, which are essential for assessing the feasibility, scalability, and policy relevance of integrated transit-freight operations. These aspects, although not consistently addressed across all studies, represent critical parameters influencing service design, operational performance, and practical implementation. Key findings highlight that technical feasibility is well-supported by modeling studies, but political, institutional, and regulatory barriers remain significant challenges to real-world implementation. Research efforts are heavily concentrated in urban environments, with limited empirical validation and few rural applications. This review contributes to the literature by providing a structured synthesis of FOT research and emphasizing the freight requirements that shape operational design, policy frameworks, and decision-making. The findings offer guidance for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working to advance integrated, multimodal urban logistics solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104864"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-training framework for enhancing survey accuracy while reducing respondent burden in travel data collection","authors":"Reem Alolabi,&nbsp;Makoto Chikaraishi","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A major bottleneck in travel behavior analysis is the need for a substantial amount of labeled data, which typically places a burden on survey respondents for collecting travel behavior data. Our study addresses this issue by leveraging semi-supervised learning, specifically utilizing the co-training algorithm, which effectively incorporates both labeled (active) and unlabeled (passive) data. We extend the semi-supervised learning concept to be a part of the survey scheme that involves both data collection process and enrichment process of travel attributes. Our experiments, focusing on travel mode identification using GPS data from Hiroshima, Japan, demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms existing conventional supervised learning methods such as neural networks, KNN, and SVM, particularly when incorporating an increased proportion of unlabeled data. This strategic use of unlabeled data achieves two apparently conflicting goals: (1) reduces the reliance on extensive manual labeling, thereby alleviating respondent burdens, and (2) increases the accuracy of the prediction. The results of our experiments also reveal that the delicate balance between labeled and unlabeled data proportions plays a pivotal role in co-training performance. Beyond serving as a mode identification tool, our findings underscore the transformative potential of co-training as a valuable data filtering method: By optimizing the interplay between labeled and unlabeled data, co-training efficiently filters noise and refines the dataset. This contributes to enhanced survey accuracy while minimizing labeling burdens. Our results provide useful information to design an adaptive scheme that dynamically tailors the information solicited from respondents to optimize the balance between data quality and respondent burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104706"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145554254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aircraft export modes with MRO integration: leasing vs. direct sales","authors":"Ruotian Chen ,&nbsp;Changmin Jiang ,&nbsp;Hangjun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exporting newly developed commercial aircraft remains a complex challenge for emerging manufacturing countries. This study develops a multi-echelon aviation supply chain game model to compare the economic performance of two key export channels: direct sales and aircraft leasing. The model explicitly incorporates differentiated Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul (MRO) service arrangements, addressing the constraints faced by developing countries lacking strong MRO capabilities, and analyzes how export mode selection shapes airline competition in target import markets. The study proposes an innovative leasing mode wherein a domestic lessor from the manufacturing country provides bundled MRO services. Results show that, within this bundled MRO mode, the leasing channel outperforms direct sales in export volume under both “small market with high engine tariffs” and “large market” conditions. Furthermore, under strong MRO scale economies, the leasing airline consistently earns higher profits. Relative to the unbundled MRO mode, the bundled mode increases total aircraft exports when the lessor’s initial MRO costs are sufficiently low, or the target market size is large. These market scale effects also shape social welfare: while both countries eventually prefer bundled MRO, importers benefit from it at a lower market size threshold than exporters, revealing a structural incentive misalignment. The study also examines two extensions on capacity leasing and airline service differentiation. Numerical analysis highlights trade-offs for exporting countries between export volumes and industry profits, and for importing countries between social welfare and consumer surplus, depending on how export mode selection, airline rivalry, and service differentiation interact. These findings offer theoretical and policy insights for designing export strategies and improving supply chain integration in emerging commercial aircraft industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104849"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motorcycle ownership and use in Bogotá, Colombia: Unveiling novel factors through a hybrid modelling approach","authors":"Santiago Mesa-Garcia ,&nbsp;Alvaro Rodriguez-Valencia ,&nbsp;Juan de Dios Ortúzar ,&nbsp;Germán Lleras","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2025.104836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing popularity of the motorcycle in many cities in Asia and Latin America has brought new challenges for transportation and urban planning since its massive use is associated with substantial negative externalities. This study aims to unveil the key factors that have motivated increased ownership of motorcycles and to explore the reasons for their recurrent use for commuting trips, considering personal and household characteristics, space-related variables, and latent constructs accounting for perceptions and attitudes. We applied an online survey to motorcycle and non-motorcycle users in Bogotá, Colombia, to acquire behavioural, attitudinal, and perceptual data. Using these data, we estimated integrated choice and latent variable (ICLV) models to identify critical elements influencing the individuals’ utility for both motorcycle use and ownership. Our results reveal that both decisions depend not only on standard demographic and spatial factors as has been predominantly argued, but also on individuals’ attitudes and perceptions which play an important role. For example, having a negative perception of public transport, having a pro-motorcycle personality, or having acquired a motorcycle habit are critical determinants for deciding to own and use motorcycles frequently. Our results enrich the literature about motorcycle ownership and use, particularly in developing countries, and should help the design of public policies to achieve more sustainable cities in the Global South.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104836"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does high-speed rail stimulate innovation: City- and firm-level evidence from China","authors":"Zhengyi Zhou ,&nbsp;Anming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies the effect of transportation infrastructure on innovation. Leveraging China’s development of high-speed rail (HSR) network, we adopt an instrumental variable approach and find that HSR increases city-level innovation. This is driven by big firms, whose R&amp;D investment, patent ownership likelihood, and total patent citations increase after HSR’s opening in their headquarters cities. To demonstrate the underlying mechanisms, we develop an oligopolistic competition model wherein a dominant big firm can drive technology progress and market demand through R&amp;D investments, while a small firm free-rides. HSR exposes the big firm to greater competition pressure while simultaneously improving its R&amp;D efficiency. This encourages the big firm to boost demand through innovation. The model’s predictions are empirically supported.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104861"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing evidence of initiatives undertaken by non-mobility service providers that are aligned with sustainable travel behaviour change as a next generation focus of MaaS as MaaF","authors":"David A. Hensher ,&nbsp;John D. Nelson ,&nbsp;Camila Balbontin ,&nbsp;Chinh Ho ,&nbsp;Edward Wei ,&nbsp;Corinne Mulley ,&nbsp;Thiranjaya Kandanaarachchi","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mobility as a Service (MaaS) has garnered a significant amount of interest over the last 15 years and yet we have very little to show in terms of its influence on travel behaviour aligned with sustainability goals or even a business case without an injection of significant government subsidy or private venture capital. While we see claimed success in Japan and China with government-led and controlled initiatives with extensive subsidies, there is no financial support in other countries elsewhere beyond existing non-MaaS provided subsidies. We suggest the focus should be on a broader interpretation of transport services <strong>as an input</strong> into a wider activity-focussed product mix driven by the private sector, in a way that is also financially sustainable without necessarily requiring further subsidy from government. This future of MaaS resides in a greater involvement of non-mobility service providers (NMSPs). We call this Mobility as a Feature (MaaF) as a revised eco-system invoked through participation of NMSPs. A multi-service focus may offer up some real prospects of delivering desirable travel behaviour change and facilitating a scalable outcome. A survey in six countries in 2024 was undertaken to identify initiatives that are already in place within private enterprise NMSPs and government agencies that align well with contributing to sustainable travel behaviour goals. The results suggest many NMSPs are committed to initiatives and actions promoting changes to sustainable travel behaviour for employees or other stakeholders but are not typically officially recognised as MaaS/MaaF-like initiatives. These initiatives cover a broad range from rewarding sustainable travel, workplace charging for EVs and subsidies for employee use of public transport and facilitating active travel. This paper suggests a new interpretation of what a future MaaS/MaaF portfolio may look like, noting that this scalable future does not have to depend on transport service providers. Arguably, the historical focus on transport service providers appears to have been a major roadblock in progressing MaaS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104889"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the opening of high-speed rail conducive to aviation carbon reduction? Evidence from Beijing-Shanghai market in China","authors":"Qing Ji ,&nbsp;Shuai Yue ,&nbsp;Chunan Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tra.2026.104865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We take the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail (HSR) as a case and utilize a random-coefficient discrete choice model (BLP model) integrated with counterfactual simulations to systematically evaluate the impact of HSR opening on aviation market structure and carbon emissions of the transportation system. The results show that after the entry of the Beijing-Shanghai HSR, the absolute values of own-price elasticity and cross-price elasticity of airline passengers decrease by 15.65% and 17.98%, respectively, leading to a 22.12% reduction in air passenger traffic volume. If only the aviation sector is considered, the substitution effect of HSR can reduce carbon emissions by 123,400 tons in 2012, equivalent to imposing a carbon tax of $2.78 per airline ticket. However, with induced travel, the system-wide net effect depends on what additional HSR passengers would have done without HSR. If they would not have traveled or would have used conventional rail, total emissions rise by 915,900–1,398,400 tons in 2012 in some scenarios. If they are mainly diverted from private cars, the net effect is much smaller and can become negative. Further simulations indicate that a reduction of HSR’s unit carbon emission intensity by 40% to below 0.014272 kg/pkm would achieve a net reduction in overall carbon emissions. The study reveals that the emission reduction effectiveness of HSR strongly depends on the cleanliness of the power grid and the utilization rate of HSR capacity. This paper provides empirical evidence for carbon neutrality strategies in the transportation sector and emphasizes the need for policy trade-offs between environmental benefits from modal substitution and externalities from induced travel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49421,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part A-Policy and Practice","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104865"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}