{"title":"Effects of an oral elemental nutritional supplement in Gastric Cancer Patients after Gastrectomy.","authors":"Kazuhiro Nishikawa, Yutaka Kimura, Kishi Kentaro, Kentaro Inoue, Jin Matsuyama, Yusuke Akamaru, Shigeyuki Tamura, Junji Kawada, Tomono Kawase, Ryohei Kawabata, Yoshitomo Yanagimoto, Hitoshi Kanno, Takeshi Yamada, Toshio Shimokawa, Hiroshi Imamura","doi":"10.11638/jssmn.57.3_81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11638/jssmn.57.3_81","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:We investigated the effects of an oral elemental nutritional supplement(ELENTALⓇ:ED)on weight loss in the early and long-term postoperative periods and on skeletal muscle mass loss(KSES-001, 002, and 003 studies). Methods:One hundred eleven gastric cancer patients who underwent R0 total gastrectomy(TG)or distal gastrectomy( DG)were randomized into two groups:an ED group of 58 patients who received an elemental nutritional supplement( 300 kcal/day)in addition to usual diet for 6-8 weeks after surgery, and a control group(C group, 53 patients) who received only their usual diet. The weight loss rates were compared 6-8 weeks and one year postoperatively. In addition, lumbar skeletal muscle area at the L3 level preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively was measured using SYNAPSE VINCENT to compare the rate of skeletal muscle loss. Results:The rate of weight loss in the early postoperative period was ED 4.9%/C 6.6%, significantly suppressing the rate of weight loss(P=0.047). There was a significant difference of ED 5.0%/C 9.1% after TG(P=0.012), but no difference after DG. The weight loss rate at 1 year after surgery was ED 7.1%/C 9.1%, with no difference(P=0.171). Although, there was a significant difference of ED 9.7%/C 15.1% after TG(P=0.015). The rate of skeletal muscle loss at 1 year after surgery was ED 8.0%/C 10.1%(P=0.357)overall;after TG;ED 12.5%/C 17.5%(P=0.196)and after DG; ED 5.6%/C 6.2%(P=0.770), all without significant difference. Conclusion:An oral elemental nutritional supplements early after gastrectomy significantly reduced short-term postoperative weight loss, and in TG, also significantly reduced weight loss at 1 year postoperatively. No significant difference in skeletal muscle loss was detected.","PeriodicalId":472267,"journal":{"name":"Geka to taisha, eiyō","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135446364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perioperative body composition assessment and nutritional intervention for gastric cancer patients","authors":"Ryota Matsui","doi":"10.11638/jssmn.57.3_79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11638/jssmn.57.3_79","url":null,"abstract":"Body composition assessment is useful in predicting postoperative complications in patients with gastric cancer. Both low muscle mass and low muscle quality have been reported as risk factors for severe complications, and the 2018 revision of the European sarcopenia diagnostic criteria added muscle quality as a diagnostic tool in addition to muscle mass. However, there is no consensus on cut-off values for these measures and further research is needed. Muscle mass is one of the diagnostic criteria in the GLIM criteria, which is the global consensus for malnutrition. Low muscle mass reflects malnutrition. We should consider muscle mass as part of the nutritional assessment, and perioperative management should aim to improve the nutritional status of patients with low muscle mass. A systematic review has shown that a high visceral fat mass in patients with gastric cancer increases postoperative complications, especially infectious complications, while the long-term prognosis is rather favorable. This is due to postoperative weight loss after gastrectomy, which may be due to the nutritional protective effect of visceral fat mass. However, the beneficial effect of visceral fat mass disappears after severe complications. Further studies should clarify the optimal visceral fat mass based not only on postoperative complications but also on long-term prognosis. These body compositions should be considered as points of perioperative intervention for patients with gastric cancer. For gastric cancer patients with sarcopenia, a 2-week multifaceted intervention combining nutrition and exercise is effective in reducing postoperative complications. For patients with high visceral fat mass, a preoperative weight loss program with exercise for 4 weeks may reduce postoperative complications. For severe preoperative malnutrition, nutritional intervention for 10-14 days has been reported to reduce postoperative complications. However, the impact of these interventions on long-term prognosis remains unknown. In conclusion, perioperative management based on preoperative body composition is a useful indicator and future studies should include its effect on long-term prognosis.","PeriodicalId":472267,"journal":{"name":"Geka to taisha, eiyō","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135442759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}