Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports最新文献

{"title":"Dual Hormonal Presentation in a Rare Sellar Gangliocytoma: Diagnostic and Pathological Insights from a Collision Tumor.","authors":"Oyku Ozturk, Mehmet A Inan, Muhittin Akalin, Muammer M Sahin, Emrah Celtikci","doi":"10.1055/a-2753-9561","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2753-9561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gangliocytomas of the sellar region are rare, well-differentiated, benign tumors that may coexist with pituitary adenomas, forming so-called \"collision tumors.\" These lesions often present with endocrine dysfunction, most commonly acromegaly.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report a 69-year-old female who presented with drug-resistant headaches, acromegalic features, and signs of Cushing's disease. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a sellar mass with extension into the clivus. Endoscopic transsphenoidal resection revealed a tumor composed of ganglion cells and adenohypophyseal components. Immunohistochemistry confirmed a diagnosis of gangliocytoma coexisting with a hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma. Postoperative hormonal normalization was achieved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sellar gangliocytomas with dual hormonal activity pose diagnostic challenges and highlight the importance of histological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Awareness of these rare entities can prevent misdiagnosis and support appropriate surgical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e245-e248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12674949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145679089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Association between Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiation and the Incidence of Vestibular Schwannoma: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Idit Tessler, Angela Chetrit, Nir A Gecel, Gilad Twig, Avital Perry, Amit Wolfovitz","doi":"10.1055/a-2741-3551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2741-3551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ionizing radiation is a known risk factor for various neoplasms, yet its link with vestibular schwannoma (VS) remains unclear. Given that VSs are benign tumors of the eighth cranial nerve, elucidating potential associations with radiation is of clinical interest. This study investigated the association between diagnostic and therapeutic head and neck radiation exposure and VS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a case-control design, we enrolled 137 patients with VS, matched by age and sex with 659 controls. Data were obtained through structured interviews, capturing sociodemographic factors and history of therapeutic head and neck radiation, as well as imaging examinations (X-ray, computed tomography [CT], and magnetic resonance [MR], excluding the last 2 years). Weighted distributions were used to account for up to six controls per case. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 53 ± 14.6 years, with 50.4% females. An initial significant association was observed between therapeutic radiation and VS (adjusted OR = 4.94, 95% CI: 2.49-7.98). However, excluding participants who recently underwent radiation therapy attenuated this association (adjusted OR = 2.32, 95% CI: 0.59-9.07; <i>p</i>  = 0.22). No significant associations were found for diagnostic imaging (ORs of 1.04 [0.86-1.25], 1.18 [0.73-1.92], and 1.19 [0.57-2.49] for X-ray, CT, and MR, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings do not support a significant relationship between either therapeutic or diagnostic head and neck radiation exposure and the risk of VS, once recent treatments are excluded. Additional large-scale studies are necessary to confirm these observations and to examine potential dose-response effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e240-e244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12646741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Diagnostic Challenge of Arachnoiditis Ossificans in Association with Syringomyelia: A Review of the Literature and Two Case Reports.","authors":"Fatemeh Khafaji, Jochen Tuettenberg, Clemens Sommer, Bernardo Reyes Medina, Frank Hertel","doi":"10.1055/a-2740-7947","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2740-7947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Arachnoiditis ossificans (AO) associated with syringomyelia (SM) is a rare pathology. Its clinical and image-based diagnostic features are challenging to identify. Only a limited number of cases have been published thus far. We present two new cases and offer a review of the literature.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic literature search using <i>PubMed</i> , <i>Web of Science</i> , and <i>Google Scholar</i> with the following keywords: Arachnoiditis ossificans, leptomeningeal calcification, and spinal meningeal calcification, in combination with syrinx, syringomyelia, hydromyelia, cord cavitation, and cystic necrosis of the spinal cord.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AO-SM predominantly affected females (12 F, 7 M), with a mean age of 55.84 ± 14.7 years. The mean follow-up was 14.07 ± 9.01 months postoperatively. The main complaints included low back pain and progressive para-/tetraparesis, with or without urinary disturbances. Potentially causative events occurred 25.07 ± 13.75 years prior to diagnosis. Based on imaging findings, patients primarily experienced thoracic AO-SM. In seven studies, arachnoid cysts were reported in association with AO-SM. Surgical treatment mainly involved microsurgical AO resection, shunting, or draining of the SM, along with duraplasty and cystectomy or fenestration of the arachnoid cyst. A second surgical intervention was conducted on five patients. Approximately 57% of the patients showed improvement.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>AO-SM remains one of the least understood causes of myelopathy. Clinical and imaging diagnostics continue to pose challenges. Preoperative evaluation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and native CT may be regarded as the gold standard. CT myelography and, occasionally, Cine MRI should be considered to determine the best surgical option. Surgical treatment continues to be a dilemma.</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e230-e239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12623119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost Posterior C1-C2 Fusion Using Sublaminar Wiring in Neurologically Intact Young Patient with Type IIA Odontoid Fracture: A Resource-oriented Approach.","authors":"Carlos Novondo, César Alas-Pineda, Anahi Gisselle Pacheco, Clarisa L Reyes-Guardado, Kristhel Gaitán-Zambrano","doi":"10.1055/a-2731-4673","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2731-4673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present a low-cost posterior cervical fixation technique using sublaminar wiring for the management of a comminuted odontoid fracture (type IIA) in a young, neurologically intact patient, emphasizing its relevance in low-resource environments where advanced instrumentation is inaccessible.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 21-year-old male sustained a comminuted fracture of the odontoid process of C2 following a high-impact motorcycle accident. Upon admission, he was alert, fully oriented, and neurologically intact. Imaging revealed a comminuted type IIA odontoid fracture without displacement. Due to the patient's economic limitations and the unsuitability of the fracture for anterior fixation, a posterior approach using double sublaminar wiring between C1 and C2 with autologous iliac crest bone graft was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The procedure was successfully completed with no intraoperative or postoperative complications. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 2 and demonstrated excellent recovery. Follow-up imaging at 3 months confirmed over 90% fracture consolidation. Imaging at 6 months was requested but not obtained due to loss of follow-up. Functional recovery was complete, with only a partial reduction in cervical range of motion as expected with C1-C2 fusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sublaminar wiring offers a safe, effective, and affordable alternative for posterior fixation of comminuted odontoid fractures, particularly in young patients and in settings where access to advanced spinal instrumentation is limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e225-e229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12611505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145514626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Late Presentation of Congenital Aqueduct Stenosis in Adulthood with High-Riding Basilar Artery: Case Report.","authors":"Hassan Mohammed Alturiki, Batool M Alqudaihi, Shima Alboesa, Abdullah H Alramadan","doi":"10.1055/a-2734-4431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2734-4431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788037.].</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12606054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145514612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Affordable In-house Tubular Retractor for Evacuation of Intracerebral Hematomas: A Case Series and Literature Review.","authors":"Wilairat K Kaewborisutsakul, Anukoon Kaewborisutsakul, Surapong Chatpun, Kwunchit Oungbho, Waritorn Srakhao, Kanisorn Sungkaro, Chin Taweesomboonyat","doi":"10.1055/a-2713-5817","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2713-5817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where prevalence and outcomes are poor. Surgical intervention is often necessary in life-threatening cases. This study explored the feasibility of using a low-cost, in-house tubular retractor for ICH evacuation in a resource-limited setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed adults with spontaneous supratentorial ICH who underwent evacuation with an International Organization for Standardization (ISO)-compliant, in-house tubular retractor (production cost approximately $60) between January 2023 and June 2024. Outcomes included hematoma volume reduction, correction of midline shift, perioperative complications, reoperation, hospital stay, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores at discharge and 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 18 patients (13 males, 5 females; mean age 60.6 ± 13.8 years) underwent surgery. Median hematoma volume was 65.3 cm ³ (IQR, 48.5-93.8), with a mean reduction of 81.2% ± 11.7 (median 83.9% [IQR 73.4-88.3]). Midline shift correction averaged 58.5% ± 28.0 (median 55.9% [IQR 43.7-69.6]). Hematoma evacuation was similar whether surgery occurred within 6 hours or later (79.8% vs. 83.5%, <i>p</i>  = 0.49). Putaminal and frontal hematomas ( <i>n</i>  = 14) showed greater reduction than non-putaminal ( <i>n</i>  = 4), though not statistically significant. Median hospital stay was 23.5 days (IQR, 14.5-50.5). At 6 months, median GCS improved from 13 (IQR, 9-14) at discharge to 15 (IQR, 12-15). Two patients died of non-neurological causes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Use of an in-house, ISO-compliant tubular retractor is feasible and cost-effective for intracerebral hematoma evacuation in resource-limited settings. These preliminary findings support further investigation to refine the technique and assess its clinical impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e214-e223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12527598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetraventricular Hydrocephalus Due to Idiopathic Fourth Ventricle Outlet Obstruction: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Guramritpal Singh","doi":"10.1055/a-2713-5787","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2713-5787","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tetraventricular hydrocephalus happens due to the fourth ventricle outlet obstruction. Idiopathic fourth ventricle outlet obstruction (IFVOO) is a condition where no clear-cut etiology for fourth ventricle outlet obstruction can be found. The etiopathogenesis of IFVOO is unclear. There is no clear-cut consensus regarding the treatment practices for its management. These cases present a diagnostic dilemma to the treating neurosurgeon and are thus often managed inappropriately. This study aims to review the existing literature regarding this condition, illustrating with a case from our hospital.</p><p><strong>Case details: </strong>We present a case of a 50-year-old female who presented to us with the chief complaints of headache, difficulty in walking, with an inability to balance while standing and walking, diplopia, and three episodes of loss of consciousness for 6 months. A brain MRI was done, which was suggestive of dilatation of all ventricles with obstruction at the foramina of Luschka and Magendie. She underwent a right-sided, medium-pressure ventriculoperitoneal shunt at our hospital. Postsurgery, there was immediate improvement in her symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IFVOO is a rare cause of tetraventricular hydrocephalus with an unknown cause. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) appears to have a higher risk of failure in such cases. Fenestration procedures after craniotomy and shunt procedures are still effective in their management. ETV is still an alternative to the above-mentioned procedures. To confirm these conclusions, larger studies involving multiple hospitals and institutes are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e206-e213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12517981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptomatic Postoperative Pneumocephalus: A Case Series and Review of Management Strategies.","authors":"Chris Marcellino, Christopher Koo","doi":"10.1055/a-2710-4422","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2710-4422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postoperative (or postprocedural) pneumocephalus is unique from those associated with head injury, spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and intracranial infection. Postoperative cranial imaging usually demonstrates a small volume of air that remains in the surgical bed, which is essentially self-limited and resolves over several weeks or less. However, occasionally, surgical defects lead to symptomatic postoperative air entrapment, and severe cases are generally due to one-way valves created by tissue, a mechanism shared with severe traumatic pneumocephalus. In the case where this causes progressive pressurization, this is termed tension pneumocephalus, analogous to its pulmonary counterpart. In the closed adult cranium, the Monroe-Kellie doctrine can be extended to include pneumocephalus if the compressible nature of gas is accounted for. Three illustrative cases are used to highlight common etiologies of postoperative tension pneumocephalus, management strategies, and imaging findings of these collections.</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e198-e205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12507490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow Diversion for Ruptured Tiny Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm in Patient Allergic to Acetylsalicylic Acid: Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Kalousek Vladimir, Ozretić David, Bilandzic Josko, Rotim Kresimir, Culo Branimir","doi":"10.1055/a-2707-0515","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2707-0515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Female patient, age 50, allergic to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) presented to the emergency department of our institution with spontaneous and severe headache.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>Emergent brain MSCT and CTA scan showed subarachnoid hemorrhage with aneurysm in the C7 segment of left internal carotid artery (ICA). Prasugrel monotherapy was started and she underwent endovascular aneurysm occlusio. Small, atypically shaped aneurysm was found at the origin of anterior choroidal artery (AChA). Flow diverter stent was placed in the left C7 segment. One single coil was deployed in the sac. She was discharged without any neurological sequelae with prasugrel monotherapy. Two years after the procedure, aneurysm was completely occluded with normal flow in left ICA and its branches.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Here, we describe case of blood-blister like aneurysm (BBA) at the origin of left AChA. There is still no consesus regarding optimal treatment strategy for BBAs. Our experience shows it is possible to treat BBA with flow diversion even in the acute setting and near origins of ICA branches. Flow diversion needs to be reinforced with aneurysm coiling in the case of ruptured aneurysm. Due to patient's ASA allergy, we opted for prasugrel monotherapy which proved to be both safe and effective antiplatelet therapy after flow diverter placement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge this is first published case in which coiling with flow diversion was used to treat BBA at the branching point of supraclinoid ICA in a patient allergic to ASA.</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e194-e197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12500336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145245407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Half Burr-Hole Method: A Novel Surgical Technique for Reducing Brain Shift and Improving Electrode Placement Accuracy in Deep-Brain Stimulation.","authors":"Yosuke Ito, Masafumi Fukuda, Tomoyoshi Ota, Hiroshi Masuda, Makoto Oishi","doi":"10.1055/a-2707-0593","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2707-0593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Deep-brain stimulation (DBS) is used to treat movement disorders and drug-resistant focal epilepsy. However, electrode placement accuracy is affected by brain shift caused by pneumocephalus and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage during surgery. We present the novel half burr-hole method for improved DBS electrode placement accuracy.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>This approach was used to treat a 28-year-old man with drug-resistant epilepsy in whom stereo-electroencephalography revealed bilateral seizure onset in the temporal lobes, precluding focal resection. The patient, under general anesthesia, was placed in the supine position. Using a ROSA robot-assisted surgical system, approximately 8-mm-deep \"partial burr-holes\" were created, with the deeper portion perforated using a 2.4-mm twist drill. Stimulation electrodes were placed bilaterally in the anterior thalamic nucleus. Directional leads were secured using standard burr-hole caps. Postoperative computed tomography confirmed a 0.46-cm ³ pneumocephalus and electrode positioning with 0.47 mm (range: 0-1.62 mm) vector and 0.12 mm (range: 0.08-0.16 mm) axial errors relative to the target coordinates. Postoperative electrode impedance values were within the normal range.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The half burr-hole method effectively minimizes CSF leakage and pneumocephalus during DBS surgery, reducing brain shift and enhancing electrode placement accuracy, and is compatible with standard burr-hole caps for electrode fixation, minimally affecting impedance values.</p>","PeriodicalId":44256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports","volume":"86 4","pages":"e189-e193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}