Thin Solid Films最新文献

{"title":"SiO2 passivation and ionic-liquid gating for (In,Ga)As-InP narrow channels","authors":"C. Golz ,&nbsp;A. Aleksandrova ,&nbsp;M.P. Semtsiv ,&nbsp;H. Weidlich ,&nbsp;W.T. Masselink ,&nbsp;Y. Takagaki","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Narrow channels mesa-etched from an In_0.75Ga_0.25As-InP heterostructure are passivated using SiO₂ films prepared by sputtering for the protection concerning the negligible surface depletion. Concerning the scattering for the electrons caused by the molecules attached to the side walls, the conduction becomes nearly independent of the atmosphere in which the channels are placed. The incompleteness in preventing the alteration of surface conditions may suggest diffusion of plausibly oxygen through the SiO₂ film. The channel resistance decreases anomalously for temperatures above 250 K, indicating that defects are generated in the deposition of the SiO₂ layer. The thermal activation of the defect-induced conduction can be eliminated by annealing. Nevertheless, the recovery of the crystallinity is not sufficient for heavy damages due to the decomposition of InP at high annealing temperatures. Although the existence of degenerate electrons cannot be deduced from the temperature dependence of the resistance, low-temperature quantum magnetotransport properties provide the evidence. Besides, gate-tuning of the channel resistance using a solid-type ionic liquid is additionally demonstrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"825 ","pages":"Article 140698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and application of doped erbium silicate films by regulating annealing and film deposition processes","authors":"Huabao Shang ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Deren Yang ,&nbsp;Dongsheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By regulating the deposition and crystallization processes of doped erbium silicate thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering, the near-infrared and up-conversion luminescence (UCL) properties have been significantly improved. Studies demonstrate that higher annealing temperatures and longer annealing times effectively improve the crystallinity and luminescence performance of erbium-doped silicate films with varying compositions. Employing oxygen as the annealing atmosphere further reduces oxygen vacancy defects in the films, enhancing the optical activity of erbium ions. For the sputtering process, optimizing the substrate temperature and chamber atmosphere significantly increases the migration rate of sputtered particles on the substrate, thereby promoting film crystallization performance. Additionally, modifying the sputtering and annealing conditions influences the phonon energy changes related to defect concentration, enabling tunable green/red emission ratios in UCL. Through combined annealing and sputtering process optimization, doped erbium silicate films exhibit substantial improvements in both luminescence intensity and lifetime. The optimized preparation process not only provides valuable insights for enhancing the performance of other erbium compound films but also demonstrates broad application potential in high-performance erbium-ion emitting devices. Owing to the high luminescence efficiency, long lifetime, low cost, and simple silicon-compatible fabrication process, optimized erbium-doped silicate films are promising candidates for gain materials in silicon-based efficient lasers and optical amplifiers, offering a novel solution for integrated optical devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"824 ","pages":"Article 140708"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved cavitation erosion resistance of TiSiN/TiN multilayer coating with Al addition","authors":"Ergeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingwei Jiang ,&nbsp;Dandan Liang ,&nbsp;Qiang Chen ,&nbsp;Qiong Zhou ,&nbsp;Hanyin Ke ,&nbsp;Shuni Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work studied the effect of Al addition on the mechanical property and cavitation erosion resistance of TiSiN/TiN and TiSiN/TiAlN multilayer coatings. Adding Al into TiSiN/TiN elevates hardness from 17.8 GPa to 20.1 GPa and <em>H³/E²</em> ratio from 0.050 GPa to 0.082 GPa, while refining average grain size from 7.3 nm to 5.9 nm through substitutional solid solution formation. The modified TiSiN/TiAlN system demonstrates exceptional cavitation performance, extending incubation duration beyond 20 h with maximum mass loss rate reduced from 215 μg/h to 4 μg/h, compared to 12-hour incubation period of TiSiN/TiN coating. This notable enhancement is attributed to Al-induced grain refinement in the TiSiN/TiAlN coating, which increases toughness and enables efficient energy dissipation from cavitation pulses, thereby improving fatigue limit and delaying crack initiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic properties of Au nanoparticle-anchored TiO2 and CaCO3 core–shell composite particles","authors":"Akihiro Kohno ,&nbsp;Sana Ito ,&nbsp;Kenta Kato ,&nbsp;Hironobu Minowa ,&nbsp;Atsushi Aratake ,&nbsp;Yasuko Yamada Maruo","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TiO₂-based photocatalysts have garnered considerable attention, yet a deeper understanding of their photoreduction mechanism is essential for improved material design and application. In this study, core–shell composites were synthesised by coating CaCO₃, with TiO₂ via a sol-gel method using titanium tetraisopropoxide. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were subsequently anchored onto the composite surface. The CaCO₃@TiO₂ composite was prepared by precipitating CaCO₃ on TiO₂ using a carbonation method in which CO₂ was passed through a saturated aqueous solution of Ca(OH)₂ containing TiO₂. The AuNPs were anchored to the surfaces of the core–shell particles via precipitation using HAuCl₄ · 4H₂O as the precursor. Various physicochemical characterizations were performed on the synthesised photocatalysts. The photocatalytically produced amounts of CH₄ and CO were evaluated. As compared to AuNP/TiO₂@CaCO₃, AuNP/CaCO₃@TiO₂ produced 17 times more CH₄ and 1.4 times more CO via CO₂ reduction. The obtained results suggest that multi-electron reduction in AuNP/CaCO₃@TiO₂ to produce CH₄ occurs near CaCO₃, which is an insulator with CO₂ adsorption ability. Furthermore, the amount of CH₄ produced using AuNP/CaCO₃@TiO₂ was 1.1 times higher than that produced by a reported catalyst, which was prepared by physically mixing TiO₂ and CaCO₃ in the same ratio as that in AuNP/CaCO₃@TiO₂; the dissimilarity in the chemical structures of the physically mixed and precipitated photocatalysts was held responsible for the observed differences in their photocatalytic efficiencies. This study advances the existing knowledge about the mechanism of photocatalytic reduction reactions using TiO₂-based materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface plasmon-polariton study of photoinduced diffusion in light-sensitive Ag–As2S3 thin-film structure","authors":"I.Z. Indutnyi,&nbsp;V.I. Mynko,&nbsp;M.V. Sopinskyy,&nbsp;S.V. Mamykin","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores photostimulated silver diffusion in an \"Ag grating–As₂S₃ layer\" structure using the surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) resonance method. The process was examined under illumination with light of various wavelengths (405, 532, and 632.8 nm). A silver diffraction grating with a 515 nm period and 20 nm relief depth, optimal for SPP excitation, served as the substrate. The kinetics of structural changes were monitored via the shape and angular shift of the SPP resonance in the specular reflection of p-polarized low-intensity He-Ne laser radiation. Differences in the optical properties of photodoped As₂S₃ layers exposed to light from spectral regions corresponding to interband transitions, as well as to transitions involving localized states within the As₂S₃ band gap, were revealed. These differences are shown to be associated with the specific mechanisms of photodoping under different exposure conditions. Irradiation with short-wavelength light (405 nm) results in intense generation of electron-hole pairs, formation of Ag–S bonds, and Ag₂S clusters, significantly increasing both the refractive index and the extinction coefficient of the chalcogenide layer. This leads to a substantial change in the angular position of the SPP resonance, with a relatively small change in its depth. In contrast, exposure to longer-wavelength radiation leads to photodoping primarily driven by internal photoemission of electrons, resulting in increased interface roughness and a significant decrease in plasmon resonance depth with only a small shift in its position.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"824 ","pages":"Article 140705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of carbon and nitrogen incorporation on the structure, mechanical properties and superconducting transition temperature of (NbMoTaW)100-z(CN)z coatings","authors":"František Lofaj ,&nbsp;Petra Hviščová ,&nbsp;Gabriel Pristáš ,&nbsp;Jozef Dobrovodský ,&nbsp;Dmitry Albov ,&nbsp;Maksym Lisnichuk ,&nbsp;Slavomír Gabáni ,&nbsp;Karol Flachbart","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies of the effects of nitrogen and carbon concentration on reactive DC magnetron sputtered (NbMoTaW)_100-z(CN)_z coatings reveal that nitrogen and carbon are actively incorporated into the cubic sub-lattice of metals until saturation is achieved above 4 sccm of N₂ flow. The hardness and indentation modulus of the studied coatings strongly depend on the concentration of nitrogen and carbon. Maximum hardness values of around 50 GPa, considerably exceeding the superhardness limit of 40 GPa, are achieved when the sum of nitrogen and carbon concentration approaches 50 at %. The content of nitrogen and carbon also influences the superconducting transition temperature T_c. Nevertheless, it turns out that the carbon concentration has a decisive influence on the observed T_c changes. The reason is probably the lower atomic mass of carbon compared to nitrogen and the increase of the electron-phonon interaction due to the different bonding of carbon (compared to N) to the metallic sub-lattice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of grain boundary defects on the current-voltage characteristics of Cu(In,Ga)Se2- based solar cells","authors":"A. Urbaniak ,&nbsp;E. Lichocki ,&nbsp;A. Czudek ,&nbsp;R. Würz","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The work presents two-dimensional simulations of the impact of donor defects at grain boundaries (GB) on potential barriers at the GBs in Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) thin films as well as on the photovoltaic parameters of corresponding CIGS solar cells. The essential relationships between the height of the potential barriers at the grain boundaries and the concentration of defects, the doping level of the material, and the grain sizes are shown. The barriers cause a downward bending of the energy band, resulting in a depleted region around the grain boundaries. However, the electrons accumulate at the GBs during the illumination, and grain boundaries become channels for the electron flow. We show that despite this charge carrier separating effect, grain boundaries can be a place of significant recombination, lowering the photovoltaic parameters of the cell. To illustrate this, we compare the simulations with experimental results for CIGS cells with different sodium concentrations. The dependencies of open-circuit voltage (V_OC) on the activation energy of conductivity are shown, which, within the model, we identify as the height of the potential barriers at the grain boundaries. The comparison with experimental data gave a good agreement, showing that donor defects located at grain boundaries can create potential barriers, which determine the CIGS conductivity and may also lead to significant recombination, lowering the solar cell efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoelectrochemical hydrazine oxidation using TiO2-modified inorganic/organic heterostructure electrode","authors":"Devendra Mayurdhwaj Sanke,&nbsp;Jasmine Bezboruah,&nbsp;Sanjio S. Zade","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrazine, a widely used chemical in various industrial applications, poses significant environmental and safety risks, necessitating efficient methods for its detection and removal. In this study, we developed a TiO₂-based inorganic/organic heterostructured electrode for the efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxidation of hydrazine. The electrode is constructed by hydrothermally growing TiO₂ nanorods arrays on an fluorine doped tin oxide substrate, followed by spin coating an organic layer of N,N′-bis(2-hexyl)-2,6-difuran-1,4,5,8-naphthalenediimide (NDIFu). The PEC performance of the TiO₂/NDIFu heterostructure electrode is evaluated using linear sweep voltammetry, chronoamperometry, Mott-Schottky analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In a linear sweep voltammetry experiment using a PEC cell with the TiO₂/NDIFu heterostructure electrode, a remarkable increase in photocurrent response is achieved with a current density of 3.57 mA/cm² at 1.8 V_RHE, surpassing that of bare TiO₂ nanorods. Additionally, the heterostructure electrode demonstrates a faradaic efficiency of 87 %. These results highlight the potential of inorganic/organic heterostructure electrodes as highly efficient and stable platforms for PEC hydrazine oxidation, contributing to the development of advanced materials for environmental remediation and sensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure evolution and phase transitions of epitaxial anatase TiO2/LaAlO3 thin films after high-temperature annealing","authors":"Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Yixiao Jiang ,&nbsp;Tingting Yao ,&nbsp;Ang Tao ,&nbsp;Xuexi Yan ,&nbsp;Min Tian ,&nbsp;Zhiqing Yang ,&nbsp;Hengqiang Ye ,&nbsp;Chunlin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase transitions of TiO₂ have attracted continuing interests for decades since different polymorphs of TiO₂ exhibit different photocatalytic performance. In this study, single-crystalline anatase TiO₂ (A-TiO₂) thin films were epitaxially grown on LaAlO₃ substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The microstructure evolution and phase transitions of the as-prepared A-TiO₂ thin films under high-temperature annealing were systematically investigated by advanced transmission electron microscopy. It was revealed that no phase transitions occurred in the A-TiO₂ thin films but the density of domain boundaries decreased significantly after annealing at 1000 °C. The phase transition from anatase to rutile occurred after annealing at 1100 °C and the films were composed of mixed phases. After 1200 °C annealing, La element in the substrate diffused into the TiO₂ films and patterned LaTiO₃ nano-islands were formed on the LaAlO₃ substrate due to chemical reaction. These results provide scientific basis for the high-temperature applications of TiO₂ thin film.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative analysis of various dn electronic configurations of transition metal ions using Tanabe Sugano diagrams in Bi1-xBaxFe1-yMnyO3 thin films","authors":"Fiza Mumtaz ,&nbsp;Hassan Ali ,&nbsp;G. Hassnain Jaffari ,&nbsp;Jun-Yi Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bismuth ferrite (BFO) is a well-known multiferroic material that has many possible applications. In the present study, structural transformation in BFO is traced by the substitution and co-substitution of dopant. The influence of substitution on <em>d</em>-configuration is identified and an energy level diagram is constructed. Specifically, it exhibits a complex electronic structure that correlates well with the crystal structure. Modification in the electronic transitions of the system is analyzed using optical data within the framework of Tanabe-Sugano (TS) diagrams. The experimental ultraviolet and visible electromagnetic spectrum is analyzed with the aid of prediction of TS diagrams for <em>d</em>³, <em>d</em>⁴, <em>d</em>^5, and <em>d</em>⁶ configurations, for the extraction of Racah parameters, crystal field splitting energies, and nephelauxetic ratios. The vanishing of <em>d-d</em> transitions with the substitution of dopants is according to the TS diagrams. The Racah parameter and nephelauxetic ratio for all the co-substituted compositions are observed to increase with co-substitution. An increase in Racah parameters in co-substituted BFO thin films is related to the Ba-5<em>d</em>, Ba-5<em>p,</em> and Mn-3<em>d</em> states hybridization with O-2<em>p</em> states. This hybridization controls the influence of the ligands on the metal ion. This ligands-metal ion interaction also affects the interelectronic repulsion, Racah parameter, and nephelauxetic ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}