Thin Solid Films最新文献

{"title":"Improved cavitation erosion resistance of TiSiN/TiN multilayer coating with Al addition","authors":"Ergeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingwei Jiang ,&nbsp;Dandan Liang ,&nbsp;Qiang Chen ,&nbsp;Qiong Zhou ,&nbsp;Hanyin Ke ,&nbsp;Shuni Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work studied the effect of Al addition on the mechanical property and cavitation erosion resistance of TiSiN/TiN and TiSiN/TiAlN multilayer coatings. Adding Al into TiSiN/TiN elevates hardness from 17.8 GPa to 20.1 GPa and <em>H³/E²</em> ratio from 0.050 GPa to 0.082 GPa, while refining average grain size from 7.3 nm to 5.9 nm through substitutional solid solution formation. The modified TiSiN/TiAlN system demonstrates exceptional cavitation performance, extending incubation duration beyond 20 h with maximum mass loss rate reduced from 215 μg/h to 4 μg/h, compared to 12-hour incubation period of TiSiN/TiN coating. This notable enhancement is attributed to Al-induced grain refinement in the TiSiN/TiAlN coating, which increases toughness and enables efficient energy dissipation from cavitation pulses, thereby improving fatigue limit and delaying crack initiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic properties of Au nanoparticle-anchored TiO2 and CaCO3 core–shell composite particles","authors":"Akihiro Kohno ,&nbsp;Sana Ito ,&nbsp;Kenta Kato ,&nbsp;Hironobu Minowa ,&nbsp;Atsushi Aratake ,&nbsp;Yasuko Yamada Maruo","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TiO₂-based photocatalysts have garnered considerable attention, yet a deeper understanding of their photoreduction mechanism is essential for improved material design and application. In this study, core–shell composites were synthesised by coating CaCO₃, with TiO₂ via a sol-gel method using titanium tetraisopropoxide. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were subsequently anchored onto the composite surface. The CaCO₃@TiO₂ composite was prepared by precipitating CaCO₃ on TiO₂ using a carbonation method in which CO₂ was passed through a saturated aqueous solution of Ca(OH)₂ containing TiO₂. The AuNPs were anchored to the surfaces of the core–shell particles via precipitation using HAuCl₄ · 4H₂O as the precursor. Various physicochemical characterizations were performed on the synthesised photocatalysts. The photocatalytically produced amounts of CH₄ and CO were evaluated. As compared to AuNP/TiO₂@CaCO₃, AuNP/CaCO₃@TiO₂ produced 17 times more CH₄ and 1.4 times more CO via CO₂ reduction. The obtained results suggest that multi-electron reduction in AuNP/CaCO₃@TiO₂ to produce CH₄ occurs near CaCO₃, which is an insulator with CO₂ adsorption ability. Furthermore, the amount of CH₄ produced using AuNP/CaCO₃@TiO₂ was 1.1 times higher than that produced by a reported catalyst, which was prepared by physically mixing TiO₂ and CaCO₃ in the same ratio as that in AuNP/CaCO₃@TiO₂; the dissimilarity in the chemical structures of the physically mixed and precipitated photocatalysts was held responsible for the observed differences in their photocatalytic efficiencies. This study advances the existing knowledge about the mechanism of photocatalytic reduction reactions using TiO₂-based materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of carbon and nitrogen incorporation on the structure, mechanical properties and superconducting transition temperature of (NbMoTaW)100-z(CN)z coatings","authors":"František Lofaj ,&nbsp;Petra Hviščová ,&nbsp;Gabriel Pristáš ,&nbsp;Jozef Dobrovodský ,&nbsp;Dmitry Albov ,&nbsp;Maksym Lisnichuk ,&nbsp;Slavomír Gabáni ,&nbsp;Karol Flachbart","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies of the effects of nitrogen and carbon concentration on reactive DC magnetron sputtered (NbMoTaW)_100-z(CN)_z coatings reveal that nitrogen and carbon are actively incorporated into the cubic sub-lattice of metals until saturation is achieved above 4 sccm of N₂ flow. The hardness and indentation modulus of the studied coatings strongly depend on the concentration of nitrogen and carbon. Maximum hardness values of around 50 GPa, considerably exceeding the superhardness limit of 40 GPa, are achieved when the sum of nitrogen and carbon concentration approaches 50 at %. The content of nitrogen and carbon also influences the superconducting transition temperature T_c. Nevertheless, it turns out that the carbon concentration has a decisive influence on the observed T_c changes. The reason is probably the lower atomic mass of carbon compared to nitrogen and the increase of the electron-phonon interaction due to the different bonding of carbon (compared to N) to the metallic sub-lattice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of grain boundary defects on the current-voltage characteristics of Cu(In,Ga)Se2- based solar cells","authors":"A. Urbaniak ,&nbsp;E. Lichocki ,&nbsp;A. Czudek ,&nbsp;R. Würz","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The work presents two-dimensional simulations of the impact of donor defects at grain boundaries (GB) on potential barriers at the GBs in Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ (CIGS) thin films as well as on the photovoltaic parameters of corresponding CIGS solar cells. The essential relationships between the height of the potential barriers at the grain boundaries and the concentration of defects, the doping level of the material, and the grain sizes are shown. The barriers cause a downward bending of the energy band, resulting in a depleted region around the grain boundaries. However, the electrons accumulate at the GBs during the illumination, and grain boundaries become channels for the electron flow. We show that despite this charge carrier separating effect, grain boundaries can be a place of significant recombination, lowering the photovoltaic parameters of the cell. To illustrate this, we compare the simulations with experimental results for CIGS cells with different sodium concentrations. The dependencies of open-circuit voltage (V_OC) on the activation energy of conductivity are shown, which, within the model, we identify as the height of the potential barriers at the grain boundaries. The comparison with experimental data gave a good agreement, showing that donor defects located at grain boundaries can create potential barriers, which determine the CIGS conductivity and may also lead to significant recombination, lowering the solar cell efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoelectrochemical hydrazine oxidation using TiO2-modified inorganic/organic heterostructure electrode","authors":"Devendra Mayurdhwaj Sanke,&nbsp;Jasmine Bezboruah,&nbsp;Sanjio S. Zade","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrazine, a widely used chemical in various industrial applications, poses significant environmental and safety risks, necessitating efficient methods for its detection and removal. In this study, we developed a TiO₂-based inorganic/organic heterostructured electrode for the efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxidation of hydrazine. The electrode is constructed by hydrothermally growing TiO₂ nanorods arrays on an fluorine doped tin oxide substrate, followed by spin coating an organic layer of N,N′-bis(2-hexyl)-2,6-difuran-1,4,5,8-naphthalenediimide (NDIFu). The PEC performance of the TiO₂/NDIFu heterostructure electrode is evaluated using linear sweep voltammetry, chronoamperometry, Mott-Schottky analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In a linear sweep voltammetry experiment using a PEC cell with the TiO₂/NDIFu heterostructure electrode, a remarkable increase in photocurrent response is achieved with a current density of 3.57 mA/cm² at 1.8 V_RHE, surpassing that of bare TiO₂ nanorods. Additionally, the heterostructure electrode demonstrates a faradaic efficiency of 87 %. These results highlight the potential of inorganic/organic heterostructure electrodes as highly efficient and stable platforms for PEC hydrazine oxidation, contributing to the development of advanced materials for environmental remediation and sensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure evolution and phase transitions of epitaxial anatase TiO2/LaAlO3 thin films after high-temperature annealing","authors":"Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Yixiao Jiang ,&nbsp;Tingting Yao ,&nbsp;Ang Tao ,&nbsp;Xuexi Yan ,&nbsp;Min Tian ,&nbsp;Zhiqing Yang ,&nbsp;Hengqiang Ye ,&nbsp;Chunlin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase transitions of TiO₂ have attracted continuing interests for decades since different polymorphs of TiO₂ exhibit different photocatalytic performance. In this study, single-crystalline anatase TiO₂ (A-TiO₂) thin films were epitaxially grown on LaAlO₃ substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The microstructure evolution and phase transitions of the as-prepared A-TiO₂ thin films under high-temperature annealing were systematically investigated by advanced transmission electron microscopy. It was revealed that no phase transitions occurred in the A-TiO₂ thin films but the density of domain boundaries decreased significantly after annealing at 1000 °C. The phase transition from anatase to rutile occurred after annealing at 1100 °C and the films were composed of mixed phases. After 1200 °C annealing, La element in the substrate diffused into the TiO₂ films and patterned LaTiO₃ nano-islands were formed on the LaAlO₃ substrate due to chemical reaction. These results provide scientific basis for the high-temperature applications of TiO₂ thin film.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative analysis of various dn electronic configurations of transition metal ions using Tanabe Sugano diagrams in Bi1-xBaxFe1-yMnyO3 thin films","authors":"Fiza Mumtaz ,&nbsp;Hassan Ali ,&nbsp;G. Hassnain Jaffari ,&nbsp;Jun-Yi Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bismuth ferrite (BFO) is a well-known multiferroic material that has many possible applications. In the present study, structural transformation in BFO is traced by the substitution and co-substitution of dopant. The influence of substitution on <em>d</em>-configuration is identified and an energy level diagram is constructed. Specifically, it exhibits a complex electronic structure that correlates well with the crystal structure. Modification in the electronic transitions of the system is analyzed using optical data within the framework of Tanabe-Sugano (TS) diagrams. The experimental ultraviolet and visible electromagnetic spectrum is analyzed with the aid of prediction of TS diagrams for <em>d</em>³, <em>d</em>⁴, <em>d</em>^5, and <em>d</em>⁶ configurations, for the extraction of Racah parameters, crystal field splitting energies, and nephelauxetic ratios. The vanishing of <em>d-d</em> transitions with the substitution of dopants is according to the TS diagrams. The Racah parameter and nephelauxetic ratio for all the co-substituted compositions are observed to increase with co-substitution. An increase in Racah parameters in co-substituted BFO thin films is related to the Ba-5<em>d</em>, Ba-5<em>p,</em> and Mn-3<em>d</em> states hybridization with O-2<em>p</em> states. This hybridization controls the influence of the ligands on the metal ion. This ligands-metal ion interaction also affects the interelectronic repulsion, Racah parameter, and nephelauxetic ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One- and two-dimensional flexible gratings by film wrinkling on plasma oxidized polydimethylsiloxane surfaces","authors":"Yanchao Mu,&nbsp;Yongqi Zhang,&nbsp;Kaining Yang,&nbsp;Senjiang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an elementary and indispensable component in flexible electronics, flexible grating has received a great deal of attention in the past decades. However, achieving high-precision flexible gratings with complex but controllable surface micro/nano structures by facile techniques is still a great challenge. Here we report on one- and two-dimensional flexible gratings by mechanical strain-driven film wrinkling on oxygen plasma treated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces. The wrinkle wavelength and amplitude are well controllable by changing oxygen plasma treatment time, prepolymer-to-crosslinker ratio of PDMS, and exerted strain value. The wrinkle morphologies are regulated by the uniaxial or biaxial strains and the loading history (simultaneous or sequential loading of biaxial strains). The diffraction patterns of light are strongly dependent on the wrinkle morphology and dimension, and demonstrate an excellent reversibility and stability under cyclic mechanical strain. This work provides a facile technique to prepare flexible tunable gratings by using plasma oxidization and mechanical loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"823 ","pages":"Article 140697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial width and asymmetry evolution in Ni/Ti periodic multilayers with varying Ni thickness and neutron supermirrors with m = 3","authors":"Qiya Zhang,&nbsp;Zhong Zhang,&nbsp;Hangjian Ni,&nbsp;Qiushi Huang,&nbsp;Zhanshan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slow neutron beams are a powerful tool for scientific exploration. Despite the construction of large-scale neutron beam facilities, the intensity and brilliance of neutron sources remain significantly lower than X-rays produced by synchrotron radiation. High-performance Ni/Ti supermirrors are crucial for efficient neutron beam transport with minimal losses. In this work, the interface widths of [Ni(<em>d</em> nm)/Ti(6 nm)]<em>_N</em> periodic multilayers and an <em>m</em> = 3 Ni/Ti neutron supermirror, fabricated by reactive magnetron sputtering, were systematically investigated as key determinants of reflectivity. All the periodic multilayers were characterized by Grazing Incidence X-ray Reflectivity (GIXRR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), the experimental data were fitted by IMD software to estimate the real structure and interface width. The <em>m</em> = 3 neutron supermirrors were characterized by High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Measurement results indicate that interface roughness increases with increasing layer thickness in periodic multilayers and supermirrors. Furthermore, interfacial diffusion exhibits asymmetry, with thicker interlayers forming at Ti-on-Ni interfaces than at Ni-on-Ti interfaces. N, originating from the reactive gas mixture, exhibits preferential segregation at Ti-on-Ni interfaces, resulting in higher N concentrations compared to Ni-on-Ti interfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"822 ","pages":"Article 140696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operando hall measurements on tin doped indium oxide thin films: A different approach to gain insight into the mechanism of interaction of oxygen or hydrogen at different temperatures","authors":"Lakshmigandhan Ilango ,&nbsp;Sree Rama Murthy Anupindi ,&nbsp;Prabhu Ethirajulu ,&nbsp;Gnanasekar Immanuel Kovilpillai ,&nbsp;Jayaraman Venkataraman","doi":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tsf.2025.140695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hall voltage measurement is a unique tool to quantify the charge carrier density (<span><math><mi>n</mi></math></span>) and charge carrier mobility (<em>μ</em>) in conducting/semiconducting materials. Understanding the interaction of gases with oxide surfaces plays a crucial role in applications such as sensing, catalysis, energy storage, etc. In particular, studies of Hall transverse voltage on tin in indium oxide (ITO) films from 300 K to 648 K indicated ionosorption of oxygen above 548 K. The interaction with hydrogen is found to be temperature-dependent, with a common effect of decreasing resistivity (<em>ρ</em>). At 598 K, <span><math><mi>n</mi></math></span> increases due to the pumping back of oxygen-trapped electrons to the conduction band during interaction with H₂ from 3.5 × 10²⁰ cm^-3 (in air) to 6.1 × 10²⁰ cm^-3 (in 1250 ppm of H₂) whereas, at 473 K the increase in <em>μ</em> is more dominant from 5.4 cm²V^-1s^-1 (in air) to 24.7 cm²V^-1s^-1 (in 5000 ppm of H₂) over decrease in<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>n</mi></mrow></math></span>. This study presents the temperature-dependent behavior of charge carrier characteristics during gas-surface interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23182,"journal":{"name":"Thin Solid Films","volume":"822 ","pages":"Article 140695"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}