{"title":"Investigation on the performance limits of Dirac-source FETs","authors":"Tommaso Ugolini, Elena Gnani","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we develop a two-dimensional (2D) simulation tool addressing Poisson’s equation within the semiconductor section of a 2D Dirac source (DS) field-effect transistor under the assumption of ballistic transport. Next, we compute the current curves using the WKB approximation for the calculation of the transmission probability. The current turns out to be quite sensitive to the tunneling probability at the graphene-semiconductor heterojunction. Different gate-insulating materials and gate lengths are considered with the aim of identifying any possible limitations in the performance of DS-FETs. The obtained results highlight some important issues, while confirming that a minimum subthreshold swing (SS) of 40 mV/dec can be achieved and that SS values below 60 mV/dec can be extended up to three and a half decades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 109124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ozga , R. Mroczynski , A. Wolska , M. Klepka , M. Godlewski , B.S. Witkowski
{"title":"Studies on resistive switching mechanisms in RRAM memory structures based on copper (II) oxide","authors":"M. Ozga , R. Mroczynski , A. Wolska , M. Klepka , M. Godlewski , B.S. Witkowski","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrothermally grown copper (II) oxide (CuO) films exhibit the memristive phenomenon, which makes them a promising candidate for application in resistive random-access memories (RRAM). Understanding the basic physical phenomena responsible for resistive switching holds significant promise for advancing this technology. This work presents research findings on the switching and charge carrier transport mechanisms in RRAM structures based on CuO films. These mechanisms were identified using conductive AFM and by analyzing current–voltage characteristics. Obtained results revealed the presence of trap-limited and trap-filled space charge limited current mechanisms in the broad examined voltage range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 109140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive body biasing technique based digital LDO regulator for transient response improvement","authors":"Kartikay Mani Tripathi , Madhav Pathak , Sanjeev Manhas , Anand Bulusu","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces an adaptive body biasing (ABB) technique for improving the transient response of the Digital Low-Dropout regulator (DLDO) during events of step increment in the load current demand. The proposed ABB technique detects voltage undershoot and dynamically tunes the body bias of the pMOSFETs in the DLDO’s switching array to reduce its threshold voltage, thereby boosting the current supply to help meet the transient load demand. With an ABB-integrated DLDO, designed and simulated in a 28 nm FDSOI (RVT) process, we achieve a reduction in the peak output voltage undershoot and recovery time by 21.23 % and 41.13 %, respectively, compared to DLDO operation without ABB. To validate our approach in the bulk CMOS process, we also designed the ABB-integrated DLDO in a 180 nm bulk process and reported a reduction in the peak output voltage undershoot and recovery time by 13.69 % and 43.8 %, respectively. The robustness of the design to mismatches and process variations is justified via Monte-Carlo simulations, indicating the reliable performance of the proposed ABB technique in DLDO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 109137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Vanbrabant, Jean-Pierre Raskin, Valeriya Kilchytska
{"title":"Thermal coupling between FD-SOI FETs at cryogenic temperatures","authors":"Martin Vanbrabant, Jean-Pierre Raskin, Valeriya Kilchytska","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work studies the thermal coupling between two side-by-side FD-SOI MOSFETs at liquid nitrogen temperature in comparison to the room temperature one. The temperature rise experienced by the device due to the self-heating of a neighbor one is estimated by making a comparison to a referenced g<sub>m</sub>/I<sub>d</sub> curve as a function of chuck temperature. The impact of thermal coupling effects is studied on main digital (SS, V<sub>th</sub>, I<sub>on</sub>, I<sub>off</sub> and I<sub>on</sub>/I<sub>off</sub>) and analog (g<sub>m</sub> and g<sub>m</sub>/I<sub>d</sub>) figures of merit. We demonstrate that electrical parameters degradation caused by the operation (heating) of the neighbor device can be up to 50 % more important at 77 K than at 295 K.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joao Antonio Martino , Paula Ghedini Der Agopian , Julius Andretti Peixoto Pires de Paula , Romain Ritzenthaler , Hans Mertens , Anabela Veloso , Naoto Horiguchi
{"title":"Analog behavior of forksheet FET at high temperatures","authors":"Joao Antonio Martino , Paula Ghedini Der Agopian , Julius Andretti Peixoto Pires de Paula , Romain Ritzenthaler , Hans Mertens , Anabela Veloso , Naoto Horiguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents an experimental study of the analog behavior of forksheet FET from room up to 150 °C with channel lengths of 26 and 70 nm. These devices present a Zero Temperature-Coefficient (ZTC) point for a gate voltage around 0,59 V (V<sub>ZTC</sub>) in saturation region. The threshold voltage variation with temperature (dV<sub>T</sub>/dT) is around −0,5mV/<sup>o</sup>C due to the Fermi level decrease. The DIBL increases with temperature but it is kept lower than 51 mV/V in the studied temperature range. The transconductance and output conductance decrease (mainly due the mobility degradation) which results in a good intrinsic voltage gain of around 36 dB at room temperature, showing a slight change (±2dB) in the studied temperature range. The maximum unity gain frequency estimated for L = 26 nm is around 358 GHz in strong inversion regime. The results show that the forksheet FETs present a good performance for analog applications at high temperature, which in addition to the already known savings in footprint area compared to nanosheet technology, are potentially useful for future mixed-signal integrated circuits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruno G. Canales , Bruno C.S. Sanches , Joao A. Martino , Eddy Simoen , Uthayasankaran Peralagu , Nadine Collaert , Paula G.D. Agopian
{"title":"Influence of multiple MISHEMT conduction channels on its analog behavior","authors":"Bruno G. Canales , Bruno C.S. Sanches , Joao A. Martino , Eddy Simoen , Uthayasankaran Peralagu , Nadine Collaert , Paula G.D. Agopian","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the multiple channels of a MISHEMT device (Metal/Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/AlGaN/AlN/GaN − Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor High Electron Mobility Transistor) are studied regarding their impact on fundamental DC and RF figures of merit. Although most authors treat the 2DEG channel as the MISHEMT main channel, it is shown that its MOS channel contribution to the different RF parameters is of great importance on some devices. This unique characteristic makes the MISHEMT RF parameters to be dependent on both V<sub>GS</sub> and V<sub>DS</sub>. The 2DEG channel presents a MAG value of 15 dB that is almost independent with the 2DEG channel length. In relation to a pure 2DEG conduction, the MOS channel is responsible for a large set of analog parameters improvements. It offers an increase of about 23 dB in maximum available gain (MAG), while sustaining a high f<sub>T</sub> and f<sub>max</sub> for a larger range of V<sub>GS</sub> and drain current level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Everton M. Silva , Renan Trevisoli , Rodrigo T. Doria
{"title":"Evaluation of the effective channel length of Junctionless nanowire transistors with different drain bias through the gate capacitance","authors":"Everton M. Silva , Renan Trevisoli , Rodrigo T. Doria","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper analyzes through 3D numerical simulations the effective channel length (L<sub>EFF</sub>) of Junctionless Nanowire Transistors (JNT) through the gate capacitance (C<sub>GG</sub>) of the devices for different drain-to-source voltages (V<sub>DS</sub>) and compares the results with a theoretical approach. In this case, there is a phenomenon of intersection through the C<sub>GG</sub> curves for high V<sub>DS</sub> bias (between 0.5 V and 1 V) that indicates the pinch-off regime of the JNTs. The L<sub>EFF</sub> extraction has been done from the extrapolation of the gate capacitance in the pinch-off regime as a function of the device’s channel length (L<sub>MASK</sub>), for different L<sub>MASK</sub> and source and drain lengths (L<sub>SD</sub>) for structures with lateral spacer and different doping concentrations, showing that L<sub>EEF</sub> increases ∼ 6 nm and presents a relationship with V<sub>DS</sub> bias and doping concentration. Finally, one comparison with the theoretical equation was done, showing that the method is a good way to extract or even estimate the effective channel length of the experimental devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 109134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeqi Guo , Xiaoxu Lai , Wenhui Xu , Dan Sun , Chi Chen
{"title":"Reactive sputtering deposited α-MoO3 thin films for forming-free resistive random-access memory","authors":"Zeqi Guo , Xiaoxu Lai , Wenhui Xu , Dan Sun , Chi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, α-MoO<sub>3</sub> thin films were prepared on single-side polished (1 0 0) silicon substrates using radio-frequency reactive sputtering. By adjusting the substrate temperature and oxygen proportion, α-MoO<sub>3</sub> thin films with desirable crystal phase and surface morphology were successfully grown. The substrate temperature exceeded 400℃ and the oxygen proportion of 50 % are essential for the deposition of a single-phase polycrystalline α-MoO<sub>3</sub> film with abundant oxygen vacancies. A resistive random-access memory (RRAM) device fabricated by the as-prepared α-MoO<sub>3</sub> film exhibited stable resistive switching characteristics with a forming-free behavior, achieving set/reset voltages below 0.3 V, a cycling durability over 250 cycles and an ON/OFF ratio of 10<sup>2</sup>. Furthermore, I-V curve fitting analysis revealed a trap-controlled electron conduction mechanism in the RRAM device, where the high-resistance state exhibited a space-charge-limited current (SCLC) conduction mode. This study demonstrates the significant potential of radio-frequency reactive sputtering for fabricating functional materials for the application of electronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Ortega, L. Donetti, C. Navarro, C. Márquez, F. Gámiz
{"title":"DFT study of adsorption density of gas molecules in 2D materials","authors":"R. Ortega, L. Donetti, C. Navarro, C. Márquez, F. Gámiz","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work we explore the possibility of using a modified version of the Langmuir adsorption model to describe the adsorption of gas molecules in 2D structures. With this aim in mind, the density of adsorption of NH<sub>3</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> in MoS<sub>2</sub> has been calculated. In order to do that, we have performed several DFT calculations, whose results are used as inputs for the presented model. We also explore the model limitations and future applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haowen Guo , Wenbo Ye , Junmin Zhou , Yitian Gu , Han Gao , Xinbo Zou
{"title":"Enhanced linearity of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs via dual-gate configuration for RF amplifier applications","authors":"Haowen Guo , Wenbo Ye , Junmin Zhou , Yitian Gu , Han Gao , Xinbo Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sse.2025.109127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates RF linearity performance of a GaN dual-gate HEMT, focusing on its two-tone intermodulation characteristics. The dual-gate configuration is implemented to enhance linearity performance by reducing feedback capacitance to 41.8 fF/mm, achieving a reduction of 73 % when compared to conventional single-gate HEMTs. The dual-gate device showcases a small-signal gain of 23.5 dB at 2.1 GHz, which remains constant regardless of DC gate bias voltage <em>V<sub>B</sub></em>. Intermodulation distortion could be mitigated by increasing <em>V<sub>B</sub></em>, as evidenced by device’s highest OIP3 of 30.1 dBm at <em>V<sub>B</sub></em> of 3 V and a drain voltage of 20 V. Additionally, the OIP3/<em>P<sub>DC</sub></em> reaches a peak value of 10.6 dB at <em>V<sub>DS</sub></em> of 5 V. A comparison between the dual-gate HEMT and a conventional single-gate device demonstrates a 3.7 dB gain increase of and a linearity improvement of 5.9 dB. These results highlight the advantageous power gain and high linearity of the dual-gate structure, indicating its considerable potential for RF amplifier applications that require minimum signal distortion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21909,"journal":{"name":"Solid-state Electronics","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 109127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}