Physiologia plantarum最新文献

{"title":"Photosystem II supercomplexes lacking light-harvesting antenna protein LHCB5 and their organization in the thylakoid membrane.","authors":"Tereza Vánská, Roman Kouřil, Monika Opatíková, Iva Ilíková, Rameez Arshad, Pavel Roudnický, Petr Ilík","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70167","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light-harvesting protein LHCB5 is one of the three minor antenna proteins (LHCB4-6) that connect the core (C) of photosystem II (PSII) with strongly (S) and moderately (M) bound peripheral trimeric antennae (LHCIIs), forming a dimeric PSII supercomplex known as C₂S₂M₂. Plants lacking LHCB4 and LHCB6 do not form C₂S₂M₂, indicating that these minor antenna proteins are crucial for C₂S₂M₂ assembly. However, studies on antisense asLhcb5 plants suggest this may not apply to LHCB5. Using mild clear-native PAGE (CN-PAGE) and electron microscopy (EM), we separated and structurally characterized the C₂S₂M₂ supercomplex from the Arabidopsis lhcb5 mutant. When compared with wild type (WT), the C₂S₂M₂ supercomplexes in the lhcb5 mutant have slightly different positions of S and M trimers and are generally smaller and present in the thylakoid membrane at higher density. Using CN-PAGE, we did not observe any PSII megacomplexes in the lhcb5 mutant, although they are routinely detected by this method in WT. However, we identified the megacomplexes directly in thylakoid membranes via EM, indicating that the megacomplexes are formed but are too labile to be separated. While in WT, both parallel- and non-parallel-associated PSII supercomplexes can be detected in the thylakoid membrane (Nosek et al., 2017, Plant Journal 89, pp. 104-111), only the parallel-associated PSII supercomplexes were found in the lhcb5 mutant. This finding suggests that the formation of non-parallel-associated PSII supercomplexes depends on the presence of LHCB5. The presence of large PSII supercomplexes and megacomplexes, even though less stable, could explain the WT-like photosynthetic characteristics of the lhcb5 mutant.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70167"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein S-nitrosylation: roles for nitric oxide signaling in the regulation of stress-dependent phytohormones.","authors":"Ulugbek Ergashev, Tianzhao Yang, Yuwen Zhang, Ibragim Ergashev, Long Luo, Mei Yu, Yi Han","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70180","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitric oxide (NO) is integral to modulating a wide array of physiological processes in plants, chiefly through its interactions with phytohormones. This review explores the complex dynamics between NO with four principal phytohormones: abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), auxin, and jasmonic acid (JA). The primary focus is on NO-mediated reversible redox-based modifications with a specific emphasis on S-nitrosylation. The impact of NO-induced S-nitrosylation is profound as it regulates crucial proteins involved in hormone signaling pathways, thereby influencing their synthesis, stability, and functional activity. The review elucidates how NO-mediated S-nitrosylation orchestrates the activities of ABA, SA, auxin, and JA under varying stress conditions and developmental stages. By modulating these phytohormones, NO effectively directs plant responses to a spectrum of biotic and abiotic stresses. This comprehensive review synthesizes current knowledge on highlights the essential role of NO in the regulation of hormonal networks and provides a comprehensive understanding of how S-nitrosylation facilitates plant adaptation and enhances stress resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70180"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential gene expression and metabolic pathways in Toona sinensis: Influence on colour and aroma.","authors":"Rui Zeng, Mingmin Zheng, Yunhong Gao, Jianchun Hu, Javed Ahmad, Muhammad Umer Farooq, Songqing Liu, Xiangmei Lin, Suleyman I Allakhverdiev, Sergey Shabala","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toona sinensis, a plant species renowned for its culinary and medicinal properties, exhibits diverse colour variations that contribute to its aesthetic appeal and commercial value. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying colour and aroma traits in Toona sinensis is crucial for breeding programs and quality regulation in agriculture and the food industry. The present investigation included a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of Toona sinensis with different colours, including green, red, and red leaves with green stems. Metabolic analysis revealed that the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway governs the colour distinction between green and red Toona sinensis. The top 10 metabolites influenced by transcriptome include terpenoids (5), heterocyclic compounds (1), phenol (1), ketone (1), aldehyde (1), and alcohol (1). Fifteen highly expressed genes impacted by phenylpropanoid, sesquiterpenoid, and triterpenoid biosynthesis in coloured Toona sinensis. Functional annotation and pathway analysis revealed that terpene metabolites are predominantly synthesized via terpene metabolic pathway, involving eight key gene families. This study underscores the importance of multi-omics approaches in unravelling the genetic and metabolic basis of phenotypic traits in plant species aimed at improving colour, aroma, and nutritional quality in plants and derived products. HIGHLIGHTS: Flavonoid biosynthesis pathway governs the colour distinction between green and red Toona sinensis. The top 10 metabolites influenced by transcriptome include five terpenoids, one heterocyclic compound, one phenol, one ketone, one aldehyde, and one alcohol. Fifteen highly expressed genes impacted by phenylpropanoid, sesquiterpenoid, and triterpenoid biosynthesis in coloured Toona sinensis. Terpene metabolites are predominantly synthesized via the terpene metabolic pathway, involving eight key gene families. The net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO₂ concentration are relatively high in the red Toon sinensis morph.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root restriction accelerates genomic target identification in quinoa under controlled conditions.","authors":"Davide Visintainer, Nanna Fjord Sørensen, Mengming Chen, Mai Duy Luu Trinh, Rute R da Fonseca, Sara Fondevilla, Rosa L López-Marqués","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is a nutritious and resilient crop that displays a high genetic and phenotypic variation. As the popularity of this crop increases, there is a growing need to integrate classic and modern breeding tools to favor its improvement. We tested root restriction as a method to reduce plant size and enable high-throughput phenotypic screening of large sets of quinoa plants under controlled conditions. We verified how increasing root restriction does not affect the prediction of field behavior with respect to other standard greenhouse cultivation procedures. We then combined the phenotypic information obtained with our root restriction system with whole-genome re-sequencing data to characterize a quinoa diversity panel of 100 accessions and showed that phenotypic data obtained from root-restricted plants provide real insights into quinoa genetics. Finally, we carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and identified a previously described locus for betalain biosynthesis, as well as other candidate loci linked to betalain biosynthesis and seed size. Overall, we showed that a phenotyping system based on root restriction can aid the identification of genomic targets in quinoa, which can complement and inform field trials for certain traits. This work supports further breeding and faster improvement of quinoa.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70223"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11998636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of the leaf respiratory quotient.","authors":"Dan Bruhn, Yuzhen Fan, Kevin L Griffin, Daniel Cowan-Turner, Andrew P Scafaro, Ian Max Møller, Owen K Atkin","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rates of leaf respiratory CO₂-release (R_CO2) are important for terrestrial biosphere models that estimate carbon exchange between plants and the atmosphere. Hitherto, models of R_CO2 have primarily been based on considerations of respiratory energy demand (particularly ATP) for maintenance and growth purposes. Respiratory ATP synthesis is closely tied to the rate of respiratory O₂-uptake (R_O2), with relative engagement of the alternative oxidase influencing the ATP:O ratio. However, the extent to which respiratory ATP synthesis is coupled to leaf R_CO2 depends on the respiratory quotient (RQ, mol CO₂ efflux per unit mol O₂ uptake), with models predicting leaf R_CO2 assuming that the RQ is at unity. Here, we show systematic inter-specific, temporal and temperature-dependent variation in leaf RQ, with values of RQ ranging from 0.51 to 2.2, challenging model assumptions on the RQ. We discuss possible mechanisms underlying the variation in leaf RQ, potential ways forward in terms of new measurement protocols, and perspectives for modelled R_CO2. Our analyses highlight a range of outstanding research questions that need to be answered before we can mechanistically model leaf R_CO2 at various scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70235"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12012293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In the Spotlight: The unexpected protagonists that shape plant survival.","authors":"Noé Perron","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.70213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70213"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grafting improves nitrogen efficiency and stabilizes yield and quality of cucumber by enhancing the NO₃ ^- uptake.","authors":"Xun Wang, Guohu Li, Yanfei Yang, Hongyan Yuan, Qi Huang, Jiayi Liang, Ai Zhen","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70152","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grafting can promote the growth and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of cucumber seedlings under reduced nitrogen (N) application, however, its underlying mechanisms and effects on mature plants remain unknown. For this purpose, self-grafted and rootstock-grafted cucumber plants were treated with two N levels (7 and 4 mM) throughout the entire growth period. The long-term reduced-N treatment significantly limited the growth, root morphology, nitrate (NO₃ ^-) uptake, NUE traits, photosynthesis, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, yield, and fruit quality of self-grafted plants but had no influence on rootstock-grafted plants, it even improved their NUE traits, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and PAL activity. Furthermore, the expression of the NRT1.2, NRT1.5, NRT2.2, and NRT2.5 genes were significantly down-regulated in self-grafted plant roots, while they and the transcription factors NLP6 and LBD38 were up-regulated in rootstock-grafted plant roots under reduced-N environments. Correlation analysis showed that plant growth, root surface area, N-accumulation, N-uptake efficiency (NUpE), NUE, photosynthesis, PAL activity, yield, and fruit quality were all positively correlated with each other; meanwhile, the root morphology, NRT1.2 and NRT2.1 gene expression were all positively correlated with NUpE and NUE. The results demonstrate that under reduced-N application, rootstock grafting can enhance NO₃ ^- uptake and N accumulation to improve the NUE of cucumber plants and resist reduced-N environment through secondary metabolism, maintaining growth, photosynthesis, yield, and fruit quality without adverse effects. The up-regulation of NRT genes and related transcription factors regulates the NO₃ ^- uptake in rootstock-grafted plants. Rootstock grafting will be beneficial for fertilizer conservation and efficient cucumber production. yield and fruit quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70152"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional identification of PmABCGs in floral scent transport of Prunus mume.","authors":"Xiaoyun Geng, Leyi Wu, Jingtao Chen, Ruobing Hao, Lina Fan, Haotian Jia, Ruijie Hao","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prunus mume, the only plant in the genus Prunus of the Rosaceae family with a distinctive floral scent, can release a large number of aromatic substances into the air when it blooms. Among these, benzyl acetate has been recognized as a characteristic aromatic substance. In this study, we extracted and analyzed the change in volatility and endogenous content of benzyl acetate using the 'Caizhiwufen' P. mume flowers. The volatile compounds of the paraxial abaxial surfaces and inner and outer petals were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We analyzed the expression patterns of the ABCG subfamily, compared the volatilization efficiencies in spatial and temporal differences, and hypothesized PmABCG2, 9, 11, and 16 that were associated with the transmembrane transport of benzyl acetate. We then cloned the above candidate genes, constructed the pTRV2-PmABCGs gene silencing vectors, and transiently infiltrated P. mume via vacuum infiltration. The volatile amount of benzyl acetate was significantly decreased, and endogenous content was higher than that of the control, which preliminarily verified that PmABCG9 could transport benzyl acetate. Finally, we incubated tobacco plants with exogenous benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, and leaf acetate and found that PmABCG9 specifically selected benzyl acetate as a substrate. The results of this study could support the hypothesis that PmABCG9 could effectively promote the volatilization of benzyl acetate and elucidate the transmembrane transport mechanism of benzyl acetate in P. mume.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70148"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterologous overexpression of Pandanus odorifer Asparagine synthetase 1 (PoASN1) confers enhanced salinity tolerance in Escherichia coli and Rice.","authors":"Swaranjali S Patil, Altafhusain B Nadaf, Anupama A Pable, Shadab M Ahmed, Vitthal T Barvkar","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70200","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity stress is one of the major environmental factors drastically affecting crop productivity all over the world. At a biochemical level, salinity stress results in the production and accumulation of osmoprotectants, which serve as a mechanism for survival. The halophyte Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze grows in the wild, mainly along the seashore in the tropical and subtropical Pacific Oceans. Previously, we reported that the upregulated expression of asparagine synthetase (PoASN1) (EC 6.3.5.4) and the accumulation of the osmolyte asparagine conferred salt tolerance to the P. odorifer. Here, we focused on understanding the PoASN1 gene structure, enzymatic characteristics, regulatory mechanism and function via its overexpression in E. coli and Oryza sativa. In this study, expression analysis revealed that the PoASN1 gene was inducible only beyond 500 mM NaCl. Remarkably, overexpression of PoASN1 resulted in enhanced salinity survival of E. coli (up to 500 mM) and rice (up to 250 mM) because of osmolyte glycine betaine and asparagine, respectively, implying that glutamine-hydrolyzing PoASN1 plays a critical function in salinity tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70200"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic approaches suggest two mechanisms of drought response post-anthesis in Mediterranean oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars.","authors":"Aiswarya Girija, Francisco J Canales, Bahareh Sadat Haddadi, Rachel Dye, Fiona Corke, Kevin Williams, Helen Phillips, Manfred Beckmann, Elena Prats, John H Doonan, Luis A J Mur","doi":"10.1111/ppl.70181","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ppl.70181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oats (Avena sativa L) is a temperate cereal and an important healthy cereal cultivated for food and feed. Therefore, understanding drought responses in oats could significantly impact oat production under harsh climatic conditions. In particular, drought during anthesis (flowering) affects grain filling, quality and yield. Here, we characterised metabolite responses of two Mediterranean oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars, Flega and Patones, during drought stress at anthesis. In the more drought-tolerant Patones, the developing grains from the top (older) and bottom (younger) spikelets of primary panicle were found to be larger in size in response to drought, suggesting accelerated grain development. Flega showed a more rapid transition to flowering and grain development under drought. The metabolomes of source (sheath, flag leaf, rachis) and sink (developing grains) tissues from Patones showed differential accumulation in fatty acids levels, including α-linolenic acid, sugars and amino acids with drought. Flega showed enhanced energy metabolism in both source and sink tissues. Lower levels of glutathione in source tissues and the accumulation of ophthalmic acid in the grains of Flega were indicators of oxidative stress. Our study revealed two distinct metabolite regulatory patterns in these cultivars during drought at anthesis. In Patones, α-linolenic acid-associated processes may accelerate grain-filling, while in Flega oxidative stress appears to influence traits such as flowering time. Overall, this work provides a first insight into the metabolite regulation in oat's source and sink tissues during anthesis under drought stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":"177 2","pages":"e70181"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}