Moisture Matters: How Water Shapes Pest Invasions and Disease Outbreaks?

IF 3.6 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Maroa Mohammed Al-Aisaee, Muhammad Amjad Ali, Ahmad Nawaz, Abdullah M Al-Sadi, Muhammad Farooq
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Water availability and its distribution within plant tissues significantly influence photosynthesis, metabolism, transpiration, and crop susceptibility to pests and diseases. Both abiotic (e.g., drought, salinity, heat) and biotic stresses (e.g., insect pests, pathogens) disrupt plant water status, shaping plant responses across physiological, metabolic, and behavioral levels. These responses are highly variable and depend on stress intensity, plant adaptive capacity, pest or pathogen traits, and interactions with natural predators. This review presents the current understanding of the complex interplay between plant water dynamics, pest infestations, and disease development, with particular emphasis on their combined effects on crop resilience. Although considerable progress has been made in studying plant responses to individual abiotic or biotic stressors, the integrative role of water content in mediating plant-pest-pathogen interactions remains insufficiently explored. This review highlights how water stress can compromise plant structure and function, thereby increasing vulnerability to herbivory and infection. Critical research gaps are identified, particularly concerning simultaneous stress scenarios and the influence of soil properties on water-mediated responses. The review also examines the potential of advanced tools such as genome editing (CRISPR-Cas9), transcriptomics, and precision irrigation technologies for enhancing plant tolerance and reducing reliance on agrochemicals. The potential of biological control for mitigating pest pressure and alleviating water stress is discussed, including the use of natural enemies such as predatory insects and entomopathogenic fungi, which contribute to sustainable pest management. Overall, integrated water and pest management strategies are essential for maintaining crop productivity and resilience, particularly under the increasing challenges posed by climate change.

水分问题:水如何影响害虫入侵和疾病爆发?
水分的有效性及其在植物组织中的分布显著影响光合作用、代谢、蒸腾作用和作物对病虫害的易感性。非生物胁迫(如干旱、盐度、高温)和生物胁迫(如害虫、病原体)都会破坏植物的水分状态,影响植物在生理、代谢和行为层面的反应。这些反应是高度可变的,取决于胁迫强度、植物适应能力、病虫害或病原体特征以及与天敌的相互作用。本文综述了目前对植物水分动态、病虫害和病害发展之间复杂相互作用的理解,特别强调了它们对作物抗逆性的综合影响。尽管在研究植物对单个非生物或生物胁迫的反应方面取得了相当大的进展,但含水量在介导植物-病虫害-病原体相互作用中的综合作用仍未得到充分的探索。这篇综述强调了水分胁迫如何损害植物的结构和功能,从而增加对草食和感染的脆弱性。确定了关键的研究空白,特别是在同时应力情景和土壤性质对水介导反应的影响方面。这篇综述还研究了基因组编辑(CRISPR-Cas9)、转录组学和精确灌溉技术等先进工具在提高植物耐受性和减少对农用化学品依赖方面的潜力。讨论了生物防治在减轻害虫压力和缓解水资源紧张方面的潜力,包括利用天敌,如掠食性昆虫和昆虫病原真菌,这有助于可持续的害虫管理。总体而言,水和病虫害综合管理战略对于保持作物生产力和抗灾能力至关重要,特别是在气候变化带来的挑战日益严峻的情况下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Physiologia plantarum
Physiologia plantarum 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.10%
发文量
224
审稿时长
3.9 months
期刊介绍: Physiologia Plantarum is an international journal committed to publishing the best full-length original research papers that advance our understanding of primary mechanisms of plant development, growth and productivity as well as plant interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment. All organisational levels of experimental plant biology – from molecular and cell biology, biochemistry and biophysics to ecophysiology and global change biology – fall within the scope of the journal. The content is distributed between 5 main subject areas supervised by Subject Editors specialised in the respective domain: (1) biochemistry and metabolism, (2) ecophysiology, stress and adaptation, (3) uptake, transport and assimilation, (4) development, growth and differentiation, (5) photobiology and photosynthesis.
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