Nutrition Research and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Dietary isoflavone intake among breast cancer survivors and cancer-free women.","authors":"Sihan Song, Hyeong-Gon Moon, Dong-Young Noh, So-Youn Jung, Eun Sook Lee, Zisun Kim, Hyun Jo Youn, Jihyoung Cho, Young Bum Yoo, Se Kyung Lee, Jeong Eon Lee, Seok Jin Nam, Yoo Seok Kim, Jun Won Min, Shinyoung Jun, Hyojee Joung, Jung Eun Lee","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.80","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.80","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Isoflavones are estrogen-like compounds found in plants and their health effects remain equivocal. We investigated dietary isoflavone intake and its associated factors in Korean breast cancer survivors, with a comparison to cancer-free women.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>The usual dietary intake of breast cancer survivors (n = 981, mean age 52 yrs) in 9 hospitals between 2012 and 2019 was assessed using 3-day food records or food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). They were age-matched to 2,943 cancer-free women who completed FFQs as part of a nationwide study conducted between 2012 and 2016. We used the flavonoid database of common Korean foods and the Phenol-Explorer database to estimate isoflavone intake. The contribution of each food or food group to the total isoflavone intake was calculated. The adjusted least-squares means of dietary isoflavone intake according to lifestyle and clinical factors were calculated using generalized linear models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Breast cancer survivors had a higher mean dietary isoflavone intake (23.59 mg/day) than cancer-free women (17.81 mg/day). Major food sources, including tofu, soybeans, and doenjang, contributed to over 70% of the isoflavone intake in both groups. When we estimated dietary isoflavone intake according to lifestyle characteristics, isoflavone intake increased with higher scores of adherence to the American Cancer Society dietary guidelines but decreased with increasing body mass index in both groups. Among cancer-free women, dietary isoflavone intake was higher among those who had never smoked and among dietary supplement users. Among breast cancer survivors, dietary isoflavone intakes did not vary with clinical characteristics, including time since surgery and estrogen receptor status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breast cancer survivors were more likely to consume isoflavones than age-matched cancer-free women. Dietary isoflavone intake was associated with healthy lifestyle characteristics in women both with and without breast cancer. Further research is needed to understand the role of the higher isoflavone intake among breast cancer survivors compared to cancer-free women on their prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 1","pages":"80-95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food insecurity and its associated characteristics of the elderly in Seoul: analysis of the data from the Seoul Food Survey 2023.","authors":"Hyunjeong Park, Youngmin Nam, Linxi Huang, Youngmi Lee, Jihyun Yoon","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.117","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>This study examined the socio-demographic and dietary characteristics of the elderly in Seoul according to their food insecurity status and analyzed the characteristics associated with food insecurity.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>The data from 513 elderly individuals aged 65 or older were analyzed using the raw data from the Seoul Food Survey 2023. The subjects were classified into food-secure or food-insecure groups. The socio-demographic and dietary characteristics of each group were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the characteristics associated with food insecurity among the elderly in Seoul.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of the food-insecure group was 56.9% among the total elderly in Seoul. The main reasons for experiencing food insecurity were environmental (38.0%), followed by physical (37.5%) and financial (24.5%). The food-insecure group had a higher frequency of skipping breakfast and eating alone than the food-secure group while having lower dietary literacy and food environment satisfaction. Logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly living alone were approximately four times (odds ratio [OR], 3.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.52-8.51) more likely to suffer food insecurity than those living with others. Higher digital food literacy (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41-0.97) and food environment satisfaction (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.20-0.74) were associated with a lower likelihood of food insecurity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that policies aimed at improving food security for the elderly in Seoul should prioritize those living alone. Educational programs designed to enhance the ability to purchase online food, use self-service kiosks in restaurants, and use food delivery apps would effectively decrease food insecurity among the elderly in Seoul. Furthermore, policies aimed at improving the food environment may also help reduce food insecurity among this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 1","pages":"117-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between dietary fiber intake and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in patients with stroke: a retrospective cohort study of NHANES.","authors":"Yanli Li, Lanqun Liu, Zufu Yang, Mingyu Li, Tao Tang, Jimin Xu","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.41","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Stroke represents the primary cause of death and persistent disability globally, leading to around 5.5 million annual patient fatalities. The objective was to explore the relationship of dietary fiber with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk in patients with stroke.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>We extracted stroke patients' data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. All-cause and CVD mortality were outcomes. Dietary fiber consists of non-digestible forms of carbohydrates, usually polysaccharides that originate from plant-based foods. Covariates including demographic data, vital signs, comorbidities, laboratory parameters, and medication use were screened using the weighted multivariate Cox regression models with backward elimination. Weighted univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were performed to explore the relationship between dietary fiber intake and all-cause/CVD mortality, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The association was further investigated in different subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,578 patients with stroke were included, of whom 688 (43.6%) died. Total fiber and vegetable fiber intake were analyzed as categorical variables, and the lowest intake was considered reference groups. High intake of total fiber (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.57-0.94) and high intake of vegetable fiber (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.48-0.82) were related to lower all-cause mortality risk in individuals with stroke. Similar findings were also observed between higher total fiber (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.37-0.85) and vegetable fiber intake (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.36-0.89) with decreased CVD mortality risk. The relationship between higher total fiber intake and lower all-cause mortality risk was discovered in individuals aged ≥ 60 yrs, smoking, non-CVD, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). High total fiber, or vegetable fiber consumption was linked to lower CVD mortality risk in stroke individuals aged ≥ 60 yrs, females, body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m², non-smoking, and CKD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary fiber intake and vegetable fiber intake may benefit the prognosis of patients with stroke. Increasing dietary fiber consumption, especially vegetable fiber intake, potentially benefits the prognosis of stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 1","pages":"41-54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediating effect of the Korean Healthy Eating Index on the relationship between lifestyle patterns and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Koreans: data from the 2019-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.","authors":"Sori On, Woori Na, Cheongmin Sohn","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.96","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.96","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is closely connected to dietary and lifestyle factors, with diet being one of the primary risk factors for MetS, acting as a key factor in both prevention and management. In this study, we analyzed the mediating effect of the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) on the relationship between lifestyle patterns and MetS in middle-aged Koreans using data from the 2019-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>This study examined data from 5,196 adults aged 40-64 yrs who participated in the eighth KNHANES. Data on 5 lifestyle factors-smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, sleep duration, and stress perception-were analyzed. The latent class analysis (LCA) was performed using Mplus 8.11, and SPSS PROCESS Macro v4.2 was used for statistical analysis to analyze the mediating effect of the KHEI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model categorized lifestyle factors into three into 3 clusters: 'Low Activity Class,' 'Low Activity and Smoking Class,' and 'Multiple Risk Class.' The KHEI mediation analysis showed significant effects: 0.0205 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0062-0.0363) in the 'Low Activity and Smoke Class,' and 0.0420 (95% CI, 0.0133-0.0726) in the 'Multiple Risk Class.' The mediating effect of the KHEI domain \"adequacy\" was significant in these groups, with effects of 0.0357 (95% CI, 0.0184-00563) and 0.0662 (95% CI, 0.0364-0.6491), for the respective groups. Balance of energy intake was significant in the group with 'Multiple Risk Class' (0.0189; 95% CI, 0.0044-0.0378).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that a healthy diet improves health management and reduces risk factors for MetS. Nonetheless, better strategies for dietary improvement through a detailed analysis of KHEI components are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 1","pages":"96-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of dietary intake of total fat and fatty acids with the Omega-3 Index: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2011-2012.","authors":"Youri Jin, Hwajin Hong, Nathan L Tintle, William S Harris, Yongsoon Park","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.107","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.1.107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The Omega-3 Index (O3I), which is the total eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in erythrocytes as a percentage of total fatty acids (FAs), is associated with fish intake. O3I also varies with body mass index, age, sex, and dietary factors other than the intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). This study examined the relationship between the dietary intake of total fat and FA classes, and O3I, specifically regarding EPA+DHA intake.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>Data on dietary intake and serum FAs from 2,370 participants (1,192 males and 1,178 females) aged 18-79 yrs, collected during the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, were used in this study. The O3I was estimated from the serum EPA+DHA content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the total population, O3I showed an inverse correlation with the intake of total fat (r = -0.417), saturated FAs (SFAs; r = -0.423), and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs; r = -0.412) (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Similar relationships were observed among males. However, in females, only SFA intake was correlated with O3I (r = -0.386, <i>P</i> < 0.05). In contrast, no correlation was observed between n-6 PUFA intake and O3I. Multivariable regression analysis also showed that a 1% increment in energy provided by total fat, SFA, and MUFA corresponded to reductions of 0.019, 0.055, and 0.035 units in O3I, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Both SFA and MUFA intakes mediated the negative relationship between total fat intake and O3I in the total population and males. However, MUFA were not significant mediators in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The intakes of total fat, SFA, and MUFA negatively influenced O3I, independent of n-3 PUFA intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 1","pages":"107-116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11821781/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of hotspots and emerging trends in school foodservice research using CiteSpace.","authors":"Miaomiao Li, Young Eun Lee","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.910","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The school foodservice is a facility that offers catering services to students and exerts a significant influence on their well-being and academic performance. Hence, it is crucial to comprehend the present global research status and development trends of school foodservice over the last decade, investigate their future direction of progress and enhancement strategies, offer guidance to school canteen managers and policymakers, and foster the wholesome advancement of school foodservice.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>The Web of Science^TM (WoS) core collection was utilized as the data source to search for publications pertaining to the topics of school foodservices, school meals, and school foodservice/cafeterias. Subsequently, the CiteSpace software, a widely used tool for the visual exploration of scientific literature, was used for a visual study of the literature published on the topic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,500 papers published between the years 2013 and 2023 were selected from the WoS core collection and analyzed using CiteSpace. The research findings indicated that the primary areas of interest since 2013 in overseas research on school foodservice were centered around concerns regarding food quality, food waste, operational models including new methods and the correlation between coronavirus pneumonia and other related factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Future studies should focus on the utilization of emerging technologies, global efforts, and the development and implementation of policies and regulations on food safety in school foodservice. This will offer both theoretical backing and practical direction for advancing the sustainable development of school foodservice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 6","pages":"910-923"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Asparagi radix</i> alleviates testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia by inhibiting 5α-reductase activity and androgen receptor signaling pathway.","authors":"Hyun Hwangbo, Hee-Jae Cha, Min Yeong Kim, Seon Yeong Ji, Da Hye Kim, Jeong Sook Noh, Tae Hee Kim, Heui-Soo Kim, Sung-Kwon Moon, Gi-Young Kim, Yung Hyun Choi","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.793","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Recently, herbal medicines have gained attention for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common disease in elderly men. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of <i>Asparagi radix</i> (EAR), which is traditionally used to treat various diseases, on BPH development using a testosterone-induced BPH model.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>Testosterone propionate (TP)-treated Sprague-Dawley rats were used to establish a BPH model <i>in vivo</i>. EAR was orally administered along with TP, and finasteride was used as a positive control. All rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment, and pathological changes in the prostate tissue and levels of key biomarkers associated with BPH pathogenesis were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oral administration of EAR significantly inhibited TP-induced BPH by reducing the prostate weight, lumen size, and epithelial thickness in a concentration-dependent manner. EAR also significantly abrogated the expression of 5α-reductase type 2 (SRD5A2), proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) induced by TP. Additionally, serum levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and PSA were elevated in the TP-induced group but decreased in the EAR-treated group. EAR also decreased the expression levels of the androgen receptor (AR) and its coactivators in TP-induced BPH model rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings revealed that EAR protected against BPH by inhibiting 5α-reductase activity and AR signaling pathway, suggesting its potential for BPH treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 6","pages":"793-805"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food preparation on a budget: an analysis of food consumption practices and the role of health consciousness.","authors":"Eunhye Park, Sung-Bum Kim","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.897","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>This study is of significant importance as it aims to understand the food consumption practices of those trying to save money on food and the role of health consciousness in food choices. The specific objectives of the current study are 1) to track levels of online community activation over time in 2 online budget food communities, 2) to explore specific ingredients and food groups that are frequently mentioned in budget communities, and finally, 3) to compare the foods and staples of regular budget food and healthy budget food communities. These objectives are crucial in providing a comprehensive understanding of food consumption practices and health consciousness.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>The data source for this study was Reddit, and subreddits related to budget foods were targeted for data preparation. After creating a food name dictionary, keyword analysis and topic modeling were conducted to identify key food groups. We compared the regular budget food group to the health-conscious budget food group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The food items commonly mentioned in both groups could serve as key staples for people looking to save money on food preparation. Rice was mentioned the most in both groups. Whereas meat and flour products were more important to the regular budget food group, fruits and vegetables were more valuable to the healthy budget food group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this research offer insights into the food purchasing behaviors of those attempting to save money and provide practical strategies to make budget foods healthier. This information can be valuable for individuals, policymakers, and health professionals in promoting more nutritious food choices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 6","pages":"897-909"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential utility of a single-item perceived diet quality measure.","authors":"Soo Hyun Kim, Hyojee Joung, Seul Ki Choi","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.845","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Perceived diet quality (PDQ) has been suggested as an easy-to-use dietary assessment tool. However, its practicality and efficiency are still questionable. This study aimed to gauge the utility of PDQ as an alternative dietary assessment tool among Korean adults by examining PDQ and its associated factors.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>An online survey was conducted on 514 Korean adults aged 19 to 64 years in October 2022. PDQ was assessed using a 5-point Likert scale, and participants were categorized into healthy, fair, or unhealthy PDQ groups. The participants were asked about the perceived importance of nutrients and food groups for health and the extent to which they considered these factors in their usual diets using a 5-point Likert scale. A multivariate linear regression model was used to identify the factors associated with PDQ.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 26.7% of participants rated their diets as healthy, while 63.2% rated them as fair and 10.1% rated them as unhealthy. Participants with a healthy PDQ rated perceived importance and consideration of nutrients and food groups higher than the fair or unhealthy PDQ groups. A healthier PDQ was associated with the male gender, an older age, being normal or underweight, having better subjective health, lower use of alcohol, being physically active, having a high interest in healthy diets, and a higher perception of the importance of nutrients and food groups for health.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PDQ could serve as a simple and rapid screening tool for identifying individuals at risk of poor diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 6","pages":"845-856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>p</i>-Coumaric acid modulates cholesterol efflux and lipid accumulation and inflammation in foam cells.","authors":"Ha-Rin Moon, Jung-Mi Yun","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.774","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Atherosclerosis is a primary cause of cardiovascular disease associated with inflammation and lipid metabolism disorders. The accumulation of cholesterol-containing macrophage foam cells characterizes the early stages. The <i>p</i>-coumaric acid (<i>p-</i>CA) contained in vegetables may have various physiological activities. The inhibitory effect of <i>p</i>-CA on foam cell creation in THP-1 macrophages needs clarification. In this study, we explored the impact of <i>p</i>-CA on foam cells by co-treatment with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), mimicking the development of atherosclerosis <i>in vitro</i> and studied the regulation of its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>THP-1 cells differentiated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (1 μM) for 48 h and treated in the absence or presence of <i>p</i>-CA for 48 h. THP-1 macrophages were treated with combined ox-LDL (20 μg/mL) and LPS (500 ng/mL) for 24 h. The 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assays detected cell viability. Oil red O staining allowed us to observe lipid accumulation. Western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reactions quantified corresponding proteins and mRNA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ox-LDL and LPS for 24 h enhanced the lipid accumulation using Oil red O in treated foam cells. By contrast, <i>p</i>-CA treatment inhibited lipid accumulation. <i>p</i>-CA significantly upregulated cholesterol efflux-related genes such as ATP binding cassette transporter A1, liver-X-receptor α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression. Moreover, <i>p</i>-CA decreased lipid accumulation-related gene such as lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1, cluster of differentiation 36 and scavenger receptor class A1 expression. Combined ox-LDL and LPS increased nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and pro-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α] and interleukin [IL]-6) activation and expression compared with untreated. <i>p</i>-CA suppressed this increased expression of NF-κB and COX-2, TNF-α and IL-6.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>p</i>-CA may play a vital role in atherosclerosis inhibition and protective effects by suppressing lipid accumulation and foam cell creation by increasing cholesterol efflux and can be potential agents for preventing atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"18 6","pages":"774-792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}