Nutrition Research and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal study on the relationship between DASH-style dietary pattern and allostatic load in Chinese pregnant women.","authors":"Wenjuan Li, Ziyan Xu, Min Yu, Fangfang Yang, Hong Ping Zhao, Yu-Hong Li","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.77","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.77","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Unhealthy diets are associated with chronic stress. An allostatic load (AL) is a comprehensive physiological index that measures the chronic stress response of the body. As a healthy dietary pattern, the role of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) in the development of an AL during pregnancy remains unclear. This study examined the relationship between the DASH dietary pattern and AL during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>This study was a prospective study. From January 2024 to November 2024, 134 pregnant women in the second trimester (23-27 weeks) and third trimester (32-36 weeks) of pregnancy who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the obstetrics clinic of a tertiary general hospital in Anhui Province were selected for a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and laboratory examination. The DASH dietary pattern was assessed using the DASH scoring tool, and the total AL score was calculated using nine biomarkers that represent the cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune systems. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the DASH score and AL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and thirty-four pregnant women were included in this study. At the second and third trimesters, 41.8% and 37% of pregnant women, respectively, were in the high AL group. The binary logistic regression results showed that the DASH score was negatively correlated with the AL in the unadjusted model (odds ratio [OR], 0.878; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.807-0.957; <i>P</i> = 0.003) and adjusted model (OR, 0.878; 95% CI, 0.792-0.973; <i>P</i> = 0.013) in the second trimester, the DASH score was negatively correlated with the AL in the unadjusted model (OR, 0.832; 95% CI, 0.758-0.913; <i>P</i> < 0.001) and adjusted model (OR, 0.806; 95% CI, 0.716-0.908; <i>P</i> < 0.001) in the third trimester.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DASH score was negatively correlated with the AL in pregnant women. A low DASH score may increase the risk of a high AL, which may have adverse effects on physical and mental health.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: ChiCTR2400089344.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"77-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diallyl disulfide suppresses weight gain, adipogenesis, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression in high-fat-diet-induced obese animal model.","authors":"SooMin Jung, Ae Wha Ha, WooKyoung Kim","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.46","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.46","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Excessive adipogenesis and angiogenesis, mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), contribute to the development of obesity-related complications. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), an organosulfur compound derived from garlic, has been reported to exhibit anti-obesity properties, but studies on the expression of MMPs as an anti-obesity effect of DADS are limited. This study investigated the potential role of DADS in regulating weight gain, adipogenesis, and MMP expression in mice fed a high-fat diet.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>Six-week-old male C57BL/6N mice were divided into 4 groups: a normal-fat diet (NF), a high-fat diet (HF), a high-fat diet supplemented with 12.5 mg/kg DADS (HFDADS12.5), and a high-fat diet supplemented with 25 mg/kg DADS (HFDADS25) for 14 weeks. This study measured plasma lipid concentrations, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity, mRNA expression of transcription factors related to adipocyte differentiation in the liver, and the mRNA expression and concentrations of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in epididymal adipose tissue. The plasma concentrations of adiponectin and leptin were also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DADS intake significantly reduced the body weight gain and epididymal adipose tissue weight (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The GPDH activity, mRNA expressions of the transcription factors related to adipocyte differentiation, the mRNA expression and concentrations of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and plasma leptin concentration were significantly higher in the HF group than in the NF group, but they were significantly lower in the DADS intake groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The plasma adiponectin concentrations were lower in the HF group than the NF group, but they were significantly higher in the HFDADS25 group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DADS suppressed body weight gain and adipogenesis, potentially by inhibiting MMP-2 and MMP-9 in mice fed a high-fat diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"46-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota composition of human milk based on storage and processing methods in Korea.","authors":"Changin Oh, Insoo Kang, Ben Kang, Dae Yong Yi","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.89","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.89","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The microbiota present in human milk (HM) plays a crucial role in infant health and development. Maintaining it during storage and thawing is vital for preserving its beneficial properties; however, the effects of storage period, temperature, and thawing conditions on HM are not well understood.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>HM samples from lactating mothers were collected and stored under different temperature conditions (room temperature [RT], refrigeration, and -20°C) for different durations (1 week and 4 weeks), and thawed using different methods (RT, bottle warmer, and microwave), followed by analysis of their microbiota.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Storing HM samples at RT for a week and at -20°C for four weeks resulted in a significant reduction in microbiota diversity, whereas the other treatments did not lead to a significant change in beta diversity. In the microbiota distance analysis, HM samples stored at -20°C for a week showed the highest similarity to the initial microbiota compared to those after one week of storage at RT or in a refrigerator. Microwave thawing after 1 week of freezing resulted in the greatest alteration in the initial microbiota composition, whereas thawing at RT or with a bottle warmer showed comparable microbial profiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most suitable method for storing and thawing HM while preserving the microbiota is to store it at -20°C for up to one week and thaw it using a bottle warmer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a modified 5:2 intermittent fasting diet on a population who were overweight or obese in China: a self-controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Xiaoli Wang, Qimin Gao, Ying Xun, Yingmin Wang, Shengcheng Mao","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.62","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.62","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>A 5:2 intermittent fasting (IF) program is an effective dietary intervention for patients who are overweight or obese, but the effects of a 5:2 IF diet on the Chinese population are unclear. This study examined the impact of a modified 5:2 IF dietary intervention on Chinese adults who were overweight or obese.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>In this self-controlled clinical trial, 45 overweight or obese participants received a modified 5:2 IF dietary intervention for 24 weeks. The body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), glycolipid metabolism indicators, adipokines, and inflammatory factors were measured in all participants at weeks 0 and 24. The changes in body weight and glycolipid metabolism indicators were the primary outcomes. Serum metabolomics analysis was conducted to identify the differences in metabolites and potential metabolic pathways after dietary intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one participants completed the trial and were included in the final analysis. After 24 weeks of a modified 5:2 IF dietary intervention, the participants showed significant decreases in the BMI, WC, body weight, levels of fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, alanine aminotransferase, and uric acid (all <i>P</i> < 0.05). Moreover, serum metabolomics analysis identified several significantly altered metabolites and metabolic pathways, including pyruvic acid, alpha-ketoisovaleric acid, ammonia recycling, and glutamate metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A modified 5:2 IF dietary intervention significantly reduced the body weight in Chinese adults who were overweight or obese.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06552403.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"62-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of lipid-lowering effects of edible insects (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>, <i>Protaetia brevitarsis</i>, and <i>Gryllus bimaculatus</i>) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.","authors":"Sunyoon Jung, Jiaxiang Zheng, Jung-Heun Ha, Yoonhwa Jeong","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.16","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2026.20.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Edible insects are increasingly being recognized as sustainable protein sources with potential lipid-lowering properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of protein hydrolysates from 3 edible insects, <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (TM), <i>Protaetia brevitarsis</i> (PB), and <i>Gryllus bimaculatus</i> (GB), on lipid metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>Treat cells with different concentrations of insect hydrolysates for 48 h during adipocyte differentiation. To evaluate the lipid-lowering effects of insect hydrolysates, analyses were conducted using Oil Red O staining, western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Non-toxic concentrations (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) of the hydrolysates were applied during adipocyte differentiation for 48 h. All 3 hydrolysates significantly reduced intracellular lipid accumulation, with the PB hydrolysate demonstrating superior effects. PB uniquely stimulated lipolysis, as indicated by increased free fatty acid and glycerol release, accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase. Additionally, the PB hydrolysate upregulated key genes involved in adipocyte metabolism, including <i>Pparg</i>, <i>Cebpa</i>, <i>aP2</i>, and <i>ApN</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PB hydrolysate exhibits distinct metabolic benefits, highlighting its potential as a functional food ingredient for obesity management. Further <i>in vivo</i> studies are required to explore the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"20 1","pages":"16-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Vaccinium oldhamii</i> fruits improve insulin resistance by inhibiting inflammation in macrophages and adipocytes.","authors":"Young-Hyeon Lee, Mikyoung You, Eun-Chae Lee, Hyeon-A Kim","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.839","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which <i>Vaccinium oldhamii</i> water extract (VOW) modulates inflammation and insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>VOW's effects on inflammation and insulin resistance were assessed in macrophages and adipocytes. To investigate crosstalk between macrophages and adipocytes, RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in the upper chamber while mature 3T3-L1 cells were cultured in the lower chamber. The medium was collected to measure glucose uptake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicate that VOW significantly reduces the protein expression of inflammatory cytokines, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase p38, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, which are upregulated by lipopolysaccharide and inhibit reactive oxygen species expression. In mature 3T3-L1 cells with type 2 diabetes mellitus, VOW treatment enhances the protein expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Ak strain transforming, and insulin receptor substrate, which are critical for insulin sensitivity, and facilitates the translocation of glucose transporter type 4 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. Additionally, treatment of 3T3-L1 cells with macrophage-conditioned media results in decreased insulin sensitivity, whereas VOW treatment restores insulin signaling protein expression in a dose-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that VOW modulates the interplay between increased insulin sensitivity and inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 6","pages":"839-852"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12687994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of food literacy on short- and long-term healthy eating intentions among adolescent and adult convenience store users: An application of the extended theory of planned behavior.","authors":"Wonyeong Park, Hae Jin Park, Suah Moon, Jieun Oh","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.917","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The present study aimed to analyze the effect of food literacy on the short-term and long-term healthy eating intentions of convenience store consumers using the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB) framework.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in South Korea in September 2023. A total of 397 Korean participants were recruited through convenience sampling. The independent variables included food literacy, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The χ² tests, <i>t</i>-tests, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression were performed, with statistical significance set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescents showed significantly higher food literacy than adults (<i>P</i> < 0.01). In contrast, adults demonstrated higher scores in attitude (<i>P</i> < 0.01), subjective norm (<i>P</i> < 0.05), perceived behavioral control (<i>P</i> < 0.01), and short-term (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and long-term healthy eating intentions (<i>P</i> < 0.001). When food literacy was included as a variable in the hierarchical regression analysis, the explanatory power for short-term and long-term healthy eating intentions increased by 1.7% and 5.3%, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the need for customized nutrition education and continuous, systematic education on eating habits to enhance food literacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 6","pages":"917-931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12688001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences of β-carotene effects in azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced early colorectal cancer mice.","authors":"Hyejin Han, Sejin Park, Soyeon Han, Yuri Kim","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.891","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy that occurs in the colon or rectum and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related fatalities globally. Numerous epidemiological studies have revealed a distinct difference in CRC between sexes. Specifically, a lower incidence rate and delayed onset in females than in males. β-Carotene (BC), a provitamin A carotenoid, elicits antioxidant effects; however, the potential sex-specific differences in its anti-colon cancer effect are unknown. This study aims to compare the effect of BC on inflammation between sexes in azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced early CRC.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>The AOM/DSS mouse model was established. In early CRC, systemic changes were assessed using the disease activity index (DAI), serum proinflammatory cytokine levels, estradiol, and retinol concentrations. Local changes were evaluated using colon length, tumor counts, proinflammatory cytokines, and estrogen receptor (ER) α expression in the colon.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In early CRC-induced systemic changes, females had higher DAI scores and lower serum estradiol levels than males. DAI scores were decreased in both sexes, however, serum cytokine levels were reduced by BC supplementation only in females. In the early CRC model, the systemic disease activity in females was higher than that in males. Serum retinol concentrations decreased to a greater extent in female AOM/DSS-induced CRC mice than in their male counterparts. In terms of local changes, the colon was shorter and the ERα expression was increased in females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In early CRC, higher disease activity and specific changes, such as increased DAI scores and reduced serum estradiol in females than in males. BC supplementation could effectively reduce DAI scores and systemic inflammation in both sexes. Notably, serum cytokine levels decreased only in females.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 6","pages":"891-903"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12687996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of cooked meat codes to improve the validity of nutrient content estimation in a recipe-based food ingredient database.","authors":"Seo-Young Yun, Hee Joe Lee, Taenam Lee, Ga-Eun Choi, Minseo Choi, Mi-Kyeong Choi, Nami Joo, Mi-Hyun Kim, Cho-Il Kim","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.1002","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.1002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Accurate estimation of nutrient intake from food consumption requires reliable food composition data. However, since nutrient content changes during cooking, the application of raw ingredient composition may lead to overestimation, particularly for energy and fat in meat dishes. In this study, the suitability of applying cooked food codes for meat dishes to improve the validity of recipe-based nutrient content estimation was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>Pork (thin-sliced and thick-cut belly and shoulder butt) and beef (tenderloin, loin, rib meat, and brisket point) were examined for cooking yield after grilling and their nutrient contents were estimated. Each cut was portioned to 100 g of raw meat and cooked in triplicate. Nutrient content was calculated using both raw and cooked meat codes from the Korean Standard Food Composition Table, and differences in energy, fat, and protein content were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When grilled under standardized conditions, the average cooking yield was approximately 65% for pork and 80% for beef (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Thin slices of pork belly had a lower yield (62.6%) than thicker cuts (68.0%), while beef brisket point had the lowest yield among beef cuts (63.6%). Applying cooked meat codes and measured cooking yields resulted in overall decreases in energy (-10% to -50%) and fat (-20% to -60%) content, with slight increase in protein (up to +34%, <i>P</i> < 0.0001). For beef tenderloin, additional comparisons using matched raw and grilled data from the United States Department of Agriculture SR Legacy Database showed smaller percent differences in energy, fat, and protein than those obtained from the Korean database.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Incorporating measured cooking yields and corresponding cooked meat codes into recipe-based databases can improve the accuracy of nutrient intake estimation. The development of nutrient databases that reflect differences in cooking conditions-including temperature, duration, and doneness-should be prioritized to enhance the validity of national dietary surveys.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 6","pages":"1002-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12688007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of chatbot and paper-based FFQs in participants who underwent colorectal or gastric cancer screening.","authors":"Eui Yeon Lim, Yun Jeong Lim, Sang Hoon Kim, Woongsup Kim, Jung Eun Lee","doi":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.932","DOIUrl":"10.4162/nrp.2025.19.6.932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) is a commonly used tool for assessing the usual diet of groups and individuals. This study developed a chatbot-based mobile FFQ, embedded within KakaoTalk, Korea's most popular mobile instant messenger. This study compared the energy and nutrient intake reported by participants using a chatbot versus a paper-based FFQ.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>This study included 95 participants (50 men and 45 women, aged 24-79 yrs) who underwent gastroscopy or colonoscopy for cancer screening at Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital between April and August 2022. The participants completed both the chatbot and paper-based FFQs within a 3-mon period. The comparability of the chatbot-based FFQ with traditional paper-based FFQ was examined by comparing the log-transformed intakes of energy and nutrients using Pearson correlation coefficients. The Cohen's Kappa coefficients, Bland-Altman plots, and cross-classification percent agreement were used to evaluate the compatibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Pearson correlation coefficients of energy and energy-adjusted nutrients ranged from 0.74 (niacin) to 0.90 (vitamin A), with a median coefficient of 0.85. The Cohen kappa coefficients varied from 0.42 (niacin) to 0.64 (n-6 fatty acid). The Bland-Altman plots suggested that most of the data points fell between the lower and upper limits of agreement, and 88% to 98% of the participants were classified into the same or adjacent quartiles for energy-adjusted nutrients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate good comparability between chatbot- and paper-based FFQs. A chatbot-based mobile FFQ can provide comparable dietary intake rankings, making it a viable tool for evaluating the associations between diet and various disease risks in longitudinal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19232,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research and Practice","volume":"19 6","pages":"932-942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12688006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145724683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}