Nutrition & Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Serum vitamin C associated with lipids levels in children and adolescents: a national cross-sectional study.","authors":"Xiaoqi Su, Shanliang Zhu, Ye Chen, Xin Zhou, Jun Chen, Nishant Patel, Xuming Mo","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00931-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00931-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between serum vitamin C (sVC) and blood lipids in adolescents in the US has not been thoroughly studied. This study investigates the correlation between sVC and blood lipids among adolescents using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the NHANES 2003-2006 and 2017-2018 cycles, encompassing 4,965 participants aged 12-19 years, were analyzed. sVC served as the independent variable and blood lipids as the dependent variables. Multiple linear regression models assessed the relationship between sVC and blood lipids, with subgroup analyses based on sex, age, and race. Additionally, smooth curve fitting and saturation threshold analysis were employed to explore nonlinear relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusted analyses revealed a positive correlation between sVC and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (β = 2.77, 95%CI 2.06-3.47), with no significant association with total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), or triglycerides. This positive correlation persisted across subgroups divided by age, gender, and race (p < 0.05). The nonlinear relationship between sVC and HDL-C was characterized by an inverted U-shaped curve in adolescents aged 12-15 years, males, females, and non-Hispanic Whites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirms a positive association between sVC levels and HDL-C in adolescents, suggesting that higher vitamin C intake/status may be associated with a higher HDL-C in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Antioxidant supplementation boosts the advantages of CrossFit workouts on oxidative and muscle damage markers in obese males.","authors":"Morteza Nemati, Neda Bozorgtabar, Maha Hoteit, Zahra Sadek, Abdullah Almaqhawi, Ali Rashidy-Pour, Nematollah Nemati, Mohammad Rashidi, Niloofar Karimi, Mitra Khademosharie, Reza Bagheri, Ayoub Saeidi, Maisa Hamed Al Kiyumi, Katie M Heinrich, Hassane Zouhal","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00923-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00923-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of initiating a 24-hour fast with a low versus a high carbohydrate shake on glycemic control in older adults: a randomized crossover study.","authors":"Elizabeth Z Gipson, Landon S Deru, Parker G Graves, Cameron G Jacobsen, Neil E Peterson, Bruce W Bailey","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00920-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00920-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study measured the impact of macronutrient composition of a pre-fast meal on time-to-ketosis and other metabolic indicators of glycemic control during a 24-hr fast within a population of older, sedentary, overweight adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four adults who were over the age of 50, sedentary (< 150 min of weekly exercise), and overweight (BMI ≥ 27) participated in a randomized crossover study. Each of these inclusion criteria have been shown to increase the risk for the development of chronic diseases. Participants began each 24-hr fast with either a high carbohydrate/low fat/moderate protein (HC/LF) or an isocaloric low carbohydrate/high fat/moderate protein (LC/HF) shake. Metabolic indicators included subcutaneous glucose readings every 15 min throughout the study, capillary beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and plasma concentrations of insulin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP). Measurements of these hormones took place at 0, 1, 24, and 48 h, and BHB measurements took place at 0, 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glucose levels were higher in the HC/LF group 15 min to 2.25 h after fast initiation (p < 0.05 for all). There was a significant condition by time interaction for BHB (F = 3.84, p < 0.01). Nutritional ketosis (BHB ≥ 0.5 mmol/L) was reached on average by 12 h in the LC/HF condition but was not reached at any point during the fast on average in the HC/LF condition. An hour after consuming the LC/HF shake insulin was 41.9% lower (t = 6.13, p < 0.01), glucagon 23.6% higher (t = -4.72, p < 0.01), GLP-1 26.8% higher (t = -5.16, p < 0.01), and GIP 34.4% higher (t = -3.41, p < 0.01) compared to the HC/LF shake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A low carbohydrate pre-fast meal can reduce time-to-ketosis in older, sedentary, overweight adults. Those looking to improve glycemic control through fasting or time-restricted eating interventions may consider the macronutrient composition of their pre-fast meal to improve its efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11998415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation of continued breastfeeding by age of the child among children aged 12-23 months: evidence from 21 sub-Saharan African countries.","authors":"Enyew Getaneh Mekonen","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00919-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00919-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Appropriate breastfeeding practices are recommended to decrease the burden of under-five mortality and its related costs in sub-Saharan Africa. Continued breastfeeding is associated with a reduced risk of child morbidity and mortality. There is no evidence on the pooled prevalence and determinants of continued breastfeeding conducted using the most recent indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices in 2021. Therefore, the findings of this study could help nutrition policymakers prioritize and implement specific interventions for breastfeeding continuation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data from the most recent demographic and health surveys, which were carried out between 2015 and 2022 in 21 sub-Saharan African countries, were used. The study comprised a weighted sample of 44,423 children between the ages of 12 and 23 months. Software for statistical analysis, STATA/SE version 14.0, was used to clean, recode, and analyze data. Utilizing multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression, the factors associated with the outcome variable were identified. Statistical significance was attained by variables having an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value &lt; 0.05.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The pooled prevalence of continued breastfeeding among children aged 12 to 23 months was 64.59% (95% CI: 64.15%, 65.04%). Factors like maternal age [AOR = 1.22; 95% CI (1.09, 1.38)], maternal educational level [AOR = 0.51; 95% CI (0.47, 0.55)], and paternal educational level [AOR = 0.79; 95% CI (0.73, 0.85)], marital status of the mother [AOR = 1.13; 95% CI (1.05, 1.22)], maternal working status [AOR = 1.32; 95% CI (1.25, 1.39)], wealth index [AOR = 0.82; 95% CI (0.77, 0.88)], parity [AOR = 1.09; 95% CI (1.00, 1.19)], place of delivery [AOR = 0.92; 95% CI (0.87, 0.98)], ANC visits [AOR = 1.27; 95% CI (1.15, 1.39)], mode of delivery [AOR = 0.81; 95% CI (0.73, 0.89)], twin status [AOR = 4.65; 95% CI (4.07, 5.31), age of the child [AOR = 9.59; 95% CI (9.03, 10.2)], sex of the child [AOR = 0.95; 95% CI (0.91, 0.99)], preceding birth interval [AOR = 1.28; 95% CI (1.20, 1.37)], residence [AOR = 0.74; 95% CI (0.70, 0.79)], and community level education [AOR = 0.90; 95% CI (0.85, 0.96)] were significantly associated with continued breastfeeding.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study, nearly two-thirds of children aged 12 to 23 months in sub-Saharan African countries continued breastfeeding. Higher odds of continued breastfeeding were reported among older, educated, and married women; working mothers; wealthier households; grand multiparous women; home delivery; attending ANC visits; vaginal delivery; single birth; younger children; male children; long preceding birth interval; urban residence; and mothers from eastern Africa. Therefore, women's empowerment, improving maternal healthcare services, and giving special attention to unmarried and younger women, primiparous women, ","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary modulation for the hypertension risk group in Koreans: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Youngmin Han, Ryun Huh, Keum Ji Jung, Heejin Kimm, Sun Ha Jee","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00921-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00921-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension (HTN) is a critical global health issue, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates. Representative risk factors for HTN include aging, genetics, obesity, alcohol drinking, smoking, and diet. Dietary interventions like the Dietary Approaches to Stop HTN (DASH) diet plan effectively prevent and manage HTN. We intend to evaluate the influence of eating patterns on HTN, applying multiple risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For cross-sectional design, study subjects were grouped into four groups: optimal (n = 7,712), normal (n = 1,220), high normal (n = 3,655), and HTN (n = 4,355) according to the 2022 HTN treatment guidelines of Korea. Factor analysis was performed to identify major dietary patterns based on nutritional data obtained from a brief dietary questionnaire, including 17 food items. Finally, we conducted a moderation analysis to evaluate the impact of dietary patterns on the HTN risk score, which is determined by genetic variables, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified three principal dietary patterns (Korean, Western, and New diet) in the study population. Adherence to the New diet was linked to lower HTN risk in all models (p < 0.001), while the Western and Korean diets were associated with a higher risk of HTN in some models. In high HTN-risk individuals, adherence to the Western diet increased the HTN risk trend (p < 0.001), whereas the New diet showed a potential protective trend (p = 0.059).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The nutritional moderation effect was evident in the HTN high-risk group, where the Western diet increased risk, while the New diet showed a borderline protective effect. If the findings are validated by longitudinal investigation, our findings could serve as the basis for developing dietary guidelines for HTN.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the interplay among skin microbiota, cytokines, and T2DM: an insightful Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Zhe Zhang, Chunyu Jiang, Yi-Qi Xing, Tianke Yang, Linxuan Zou, Zhuqiang Jia, Lin Zhao, Xin Han, Xueling Qu, Zhen Zhang, Junwei Zong, Shouyu Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00922-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00922-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous observational studies have indicated a correlation between the skin microbiome and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). It is hypothesized that this causal relationship may be influenced by inflammatory responses. However, these factors as determinants of T2DM remain largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study incorporated data from the GWAS database on the skin microbiome, 91 types of inflammatory cytokines, and T2DM. We employed two-sample MR and multivariable MR methods to assess the correlation between the skin microbiome and T2DM, and to investigate whether this correlation is affected by inflammatory cytokines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the two-sample MR analysis indicate that within the skin microbiome, genetically predicted genus: Acinetobacter, class: Alphaproteobacteria, genus: Bacteroides, ASV005[Propionibacterium granulosum], and ASV072[Rothia mucilaginosa] are associated with an increased risk of T2DM, while phylum: Proteobacteria, genus: Enhydrobacter, family: Clostridiales, ASV006[Staphylococcus hominis] serve as protective factors against T2DM. Among the inflammatory cytokines, levels of Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9, Urokinase-type plasminogen activator, and C-C motif chemokine 28 are associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Multivariable MR analysis further revealed that Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 levels act as a mediating factor between ASV072[Rothia mucilaginosa] and T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we found a connection between the skin microbiome and T2DM, with inflammatory cytokines playing a key role in this relationship. This research helps us better understand this complex link and shows that addressing inflammation is important for preventing and treating diabetes. This could greatly benefit public health by reducing the impact of diabetes and its complications. Our results suggest that future studies should explore the specific biological interactions between the skin microbiome and diabetes to develop more effective risk management and treatment strategies from a microbial perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between erythritol and lung cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Yongsheng Zhao, Renyan Zheng, Kexin Luo, Haiyang Zhao, Wanping Xiang","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00916-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-025-00916-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sweeteners have been widely added to food and beverages due to their low-calorie and sweetening properties. However, the role of sweeteners in cancer risk has been a subject of extensive debate over the past few decades.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to elucidate the causation between the commonly used natural sweetener erythritol and the risk of lung cancer (LC) using Mendelian randomization (MR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on erythritol and its metabolites were obtained from publicly available genome-wide association studies data. Summary data on LC and its subtypes were obtained from a large-scale genetic study conducted by the Transdisciplinary Research of Cancer in Lung of the International Lung Cancer Consortium and the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium. We conducted independent two-sample MR analyses to assess the causation between erythritol and LC and its subtypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The inverse variance weighted method of MR analysis showed no evidence supporting causation between erythritol and LC or its histological subtypes. Sensitivity analysis further supported the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study findings do not support genetic association between erythritol and LC or its subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of rye consumption on markers of glycemic control: evidence on the \"rye factor\": a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Mohammad Ghazvini, Faezeh Ghanbari-Gohari, Sahar Foshati, Masoumeh Akhlaghi","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00901-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-025-00901-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rye, as a source of dietary fiber, may have beneficial effects in glycemic control. In the current meta-analysis, we collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effect of rye consumption on glucose and insulin markers. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched to find the RCTs. Random-effects model was used to calculate mean difference and 95% confidence intervals. Thirty-one RCTs, including 922 participants, passed the screening and eligibility stages and were included in the meta-analysis. Rye consumption did not have a significant effect on glucose indices including fasting, postprandial, and area under the curve (AUC). Subgroup analysis did not make a difference in the results, except that there was trends for increased postprandial glucose in two subgroups: individuals aged > 50 y (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.93, 95% CI: -0.03, 1.90 mmol/l, P = 0.058) and short intervention lengths (≤ 270 min) (WMD = 0.48, 95% CI: -0.03, 0.99 mmol/l, P = 0.066), and a trend for decreased AUC for glucose in rye fiber doses ≥ 12 g (WMD = -0.22, 95% CI: -0.46, 0.01 mmol/l, P = 0.059). Rye consumption did not show an effect on fasting and postprandial insulin but indicated a reduction in AUC for insulin (WMD = -0.48, 95% CI: -0.66, -0.30 mU/l, P < 0.001). Overall, results of this meta-analysis suggest that rye consumption may reduce insulin postprandial AUC without affecting glucose markers. Prospective cohorts are needed to determine the clinical importance of the finding.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic nutritional index and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes: a machine learning approach.","authors":"Ya Wu, Danmeng Dong, Yang Liu, Xiaoyun Xie","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00917-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-025-00917-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), an indicator of nutritional status, has been linked to various diabetic complications. However, its relationship with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between PNI and DPN using machine learning (ML) approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 625 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were enrolled, with 282 diagnosed with DPN. PNI was calculated based on serum albumin and lymphocyte count. Random forest (RF) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) models were developed to predict DPN using clinical and biochemical data. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were applied to determine feature importance. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between PNI quartile and DPN risks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both RF and XGBoost models exhibited strong performance. The RF model achieved a recall of 78.4%, specificity of 87.8%, and accuracy of 84.0%, while the XGBoost model showed a recall of 77.4%, specificity of 92.1%, and accuracy of 84.8%. SHAP analysis identified lower PNI as a key factor for DPN. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that patients in the lowest PNI quartile had a significantly higher DPN risk compared to those in the highest quartile (OR: 3.271, 95% CI: 1.782-6.006, P < 0.001). Additionally, lower PNI levels were associated with impaired peripheral nerve function, including reduced motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity and action potential amplitudes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower PNI levels were associated with increased DPN risk and poorer nerve function, highlighting the importance of nutritional status in DPN management. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal effect of life-course adiposity on the risk of respiratory diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Xi Xi Chen, Fang Ying Lu, Yi Wang, Liu Zhang, Shi Qi Li, Ying Ni Lin, Ya Ru Yan, Yong Jie Ding, Ning Li, Jian Ping Zhou, Xian Wen Sun, Qing Yun Li","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00915-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-025-00915-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited evidence on the causal associations of life-course adiposity with the risk of respiratory diseases. This study aimed to elucidate these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two-sample Mendelian randomization was conducted using genetic instruments of life-course adiposity (including birth weight, childhood BMI, and adulthood adiposity) to estimate their causal effect on respiratory diseases in participants of European ancestry from the UK Biobank, the FinnGen consortium, and other large consortia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically predicted higher birth weight was associated with decreased risk of acute upper respiratory infections and increased risk of pulmonary embolism, sleep apnea, and lung cancer. Genetically predicted high childhood BMI was associated with increased risk of asthma, COPD, pulmonary embolism, and sleep apnea. However, most of these observed associations were no longer significant after adjusting for adult BMI. Genetically predicted higher adult BMI and WHR were associated with 10 and 4 respiratory diseases, respectively. High adult body fat percentage and visceral adiposity were genetically associated with increased risk of 9 and 11 respiratory diseases, respectively. Consistently, genetically predicted higher whole-body fat mass was associated with increased risk of 8 respiratory diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides genetic evidence that greater adiposity in childhood and adulthood has a causal effect in increasing the risk of a wide range of respiratory diseases. Furthermore, the effects of childhood obesity on respiratory outcomes may be mediated by adult obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}