Nutrition & Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Overlap prevalence and interaction effect of cardiometabolic risk factors for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.","authors":"Dongying Zhao, Xiaoyan Zheng, Liwei Wang, Yujie Xie, Yan Chen, Yongjun Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00903-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00903-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) related to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) comprised overweight/obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. We aimed to describe the overlap prevalence and synergistic interaction of the five CMRFs on MASLD and liver fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data of 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we included non-pregnant participants aged ≥ 20 years who completed vibration-controlled transient elastography examinations and had sufficient information to determine their metabolic status. Logistic and generalized linear regression models were performed to assess synergistic interaction between CMRFs on MASLD and identify the contributions to liver fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall estimated prevalence of MASLD was about 33.1%. More than 80% of patients had three or more CMRFs. For MASLD, synergistic interaction between pairs of overweight/obesity and other four CMRFs were higher than it between other CMRFs' pairs [attributable proportion(AP): 40-50% vs 20-30%]. For liver fibrosis, overweight/obesity and impaired glucose metabolism or hypertension had significant synergistic interactions (AP: 50% or 30%, respectively). We identified 27 out of 31 possible CMRF combinations. Combinations including dyslipidemia were more frequent in men than women (77% vs 59%). Combinations including hypertension were less in Mexican Americans than other ethnicities (25% vs 45-57%). Most combinations with three or more CMRFs, regardless of overlap type, had significant associations with elevated liver stiffness value.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CMRF overlap was quite common and had additive interaction in patients with MASLD. Overlapping number may be more important than combination type in liver fibrosis development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) supplementation: a review of its mechanisms, health benefits, and role in sports performance.","authors":"Mateusz Sprengel, Radosław Laskowski, Zbigniew Jost","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00902-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-025-00902-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) gained a lot of interest as an adaptogen, aiding sleep, stress management and presenting health and sports-related benefits. Although clinical effects have been previously reviewed, the specific mechanism of Ashwagandha's action and its impact on different aspects of physical performance, body composition, as well as medical effects need more thorough analysis. Therefore, this narrative review delves into the available research examining the effects of Ashwagandha supplementation on such qualities as: strength, endurance, power, recovery, muscle mass, body fat, fertility, anxiety, metabolic health and aging, with additional focus on potential mechanisms underlying these effects. Moreover, we propose future perspectives based on the gaps observed in Ashwagandha research up to date.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11800443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of serum magnesium and calcium with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study from the Qatar-biobank.","authors":"Raneem Alsheikh, Haneen Aldulaimi, Rami Hinawi, Fatima Al-Sadi, Alanoud Al-Baker, Aldana Alkuwari, Muhammad Sameer, Ghalya Al-Abdulla, Zumin Shi, Giridhara Rathnaiah Babu","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00892-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-024-00892-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its constituent comorbidities, along with mineral imbalances, pose a significant health burden in the Qatari population. Although Magnesium (Mg) and Calcium (Ca) have been individually linked to MetS, the impact of the calcium-to-magnesium ratio (Ca: Mg) on MetS remains unclear, especially in the adult population of Qatar. In this study, we aim to investigate the association between the total serum concentrations of Ca, Mg and Ca: Mg ratio with the outcome of MetS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This comprehensive cross-sectional study included data on 9693 participants collected by Qatar Biobank (QBB). The serum levels of Mg and Ca, in addition to recorded metabolic parameters for the study participants, were used in the analyses. The presence of MetS was deemed as our primary outcome and its components as secondary outcomes. Logistic regression models were run to examine these associations.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>MetS was present in more than 19% of the population. The mean serum Mg was higher in the non-MetS group 0.83 ± 0.06 mmol/L compared to the MetS group 0.81 ± 0.08 mmol/L. Conversely, the mean serum Ca and Ca: Mg ratio were higher in the MetS group (2.33 ± 0.09 mmol/L, 2.92 ± 0.36 mmol/L) compared to the non-MetS group (2.30 ± 0.08 mmol/L, 2.77 ± 0.23 mmol/L) respectively. In the context of MetS, we observed a negative dose-response relationship between Mg quartiles and MetS. In contrast, we found a positive association between Ca as well as Ca: Mg ratio and MetS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay between BMI, neutrophil, triglyceride and uric acid: a case-control study and bidirectional multivariate mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Haoyuan Lyu, Na Fan, Hao Wen, Xin Zhang, Herong Mao, Qinglai Bian, Jiaxu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00896-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-025-00896-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to explore the interplay between body mass index (BMI), neutrophils, triglyceride levels, and uric acid (UA). Understanding the causal correlation between UA and health indicators, specifically its association with the body's inflammatory conditions, is crucial for preventing and managing various diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 4,286 cases utilizing the Spearman correlation method. BMI, neutrophil count, and triglyceride levels were determined as key exposure factors. To further investigate the causal correlation, a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR) design was utilized, leveraging data from genome-wide association study (GWAS). Within this framework, and multivariable Mendelian randomization(MVMR) was applied to explore the linkage between multiple genetic variants and complex traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study primarily focused on UA, employing genetic variation as a natural tool to assess the causal impact of various factors on UA. Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant association between UA and BMI (ρ = 0.230,p<0.01), neutrophils (ρ = 0.164,p<0.01), and triglyceride levels (ρ = 0.154,p<0.01). Additionally, two-sample MR analysis affirmed a reciprocal causal association between neutrophils and UA (OR = 1.035,95%CI:1.009-1.061,p = 0.008), as well as positive causal connection between UA and both BMI (OR = 1.083,95%CI:1.042-1.126,p<0.001) and triglyceride levels (OR = 1.090,95%CI:1.037-1.146,p<0.001). Neutrophils also demonstrated a positive causal linkage with BMI (OR = 1.034,95%CI:1.009-1.078,p = 0.012) and triglyceride levels (OR = 1.077,95%CI:1.033-1.122,p<0.001), and BMI exhibited a similar causal association with triglyceride levels (OR = 1.300,95%CI:1.212-1.385,p<0.001). These findings shed light on the causal networks connecting UA, BMI, neutrophils, and triglyceride levels. By integrating Spearman correlation analysis with various MR study designs, this study provided a robust framework for identifying key factors influencing hyperuricemia and related health issues, thereby enhancing our understanding of the interplay between inflammatory markers and these health indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study presents strong evidence of the complex interconnection between BMI, neutrophils, triglyceride, and UA, revealing complex causal links and highlighting potential inflammatory states as key mediators. The findings may contribute to a better understanding of these factors and potentially lead to improved clinical outcomes and patients' health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of dietary oxidative balance score with sarcopenia in adults: an NHANES-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Qiang Zhou, Shang Zhou, Zuo-Xi Chen, Wu-Jie Zhou, Jia Su, Yong Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00894-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-025-00894-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia, a prevalent muscle disorder in the older adults, is characterized by accelerated loss of muscle mass and function, contributing to increased risks of falls, functional decline, and mortality. The relationship between dietary oxidative balance score (DOBS) and sarcopenia, however, remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018 cohort, which included 8,240 participants, aged 47.2 ± 17.6 years (48.6% male, 51.4% female). The participants were selected from geographic locations across all 50 states and the District of Columbia, using a stratified, multistage probability sampling design to collect health and nutritional data representative of the civilian, non-institutionalized U.S.</p><p><strong>Population: </strong>We employed the generalized additive model to identify potential non-linear relationships and utilized the two-piecewise linear regression model to investigate the association between DOBS and sarcopenia in American adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were categorized into quartiles based on their DOBS, and sarcopenia was diagnosed in 702 individuals (8.5%). In the unadjusted model, DOBS exhibited a significant negative correlation with sarcopenia (β = 0.97, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.96 to 0.99, P < 0.001). This association remained consistent in the model with minimal adjustment for age and gender (β = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96 to 0.98, P < 0.001) and in the fully adjusted model including additional covariates (β = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96 to 0.99, P < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, we identified a non-linear association DOBS and sarcopenia, with an inflection point at 23. The effect sizes and CIs to the left and right of the inflection point were 1.62 (95% CI: 1.09 to 2.41, P = 0.016) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95 to 0.98, P < 0.001), respectively. Subgroup analyses confirmed the stability of this relationship across various demographic and health-related variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research provides new insights into the association between diet quality, as assessed by DOBS, and sarcopenia, reinforcing the critical role of a balanced, antioxidant-rich diet in adult muscle.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11752774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of metabolic syndrome with different serum vitamin D levels in middle-aged and older adults.","authors":"Ya Zhao, Danting Su, Lichun Huang, Mengjie He, Dan Han, Dong Zhao, Yan Zou, Ronghua Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00889-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-024-00889-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between serum vitamin D levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been controversial. This study focused on the relationship between the prevalence of MetS and serum vitamin D levels in middle-aged and elderly people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included middle-aged and older adults who participated in the 2023 Zhejiang Provincial Nutrition and Health Survey, which was conducted in 90 districts and counties in Zhejiang Province, China.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11,305 participants were included in this study. MetS was prevalent in 31.7% of participants. Vitamin D and vitamin D₃ concentrations were inversely associated with MetS prevalence (P_trend<0.05), but not with vitamin D₂, regardless of whether logistic regression models were adjusted for confounding factors. After adjusting for age, sex, physical activity level, smoking status, education level, annual per capita household income, and body mass index residuals, the highest tertile (Q3) of vitamin D (odds ratio [OR], 0.779; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.702-0.865) and vitamin D₃ (OR, 0.787; 95% CI, 0.709-0.875) concentrations had a lower risk of MetS than the lowest tertile (Q1). We found that vitamin D and D₃ levels were correlated with age (P_interaction<0.05). When age-stratified analyses were performed, vitamin D and vitamin D3 levels were significantly negatively associated with MetS in older adults but not in middle-aged adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low total serum vitamin D and vitamin D₃ levels were associated with a higher risk of MetS in adults aged 60 years and older.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The associations between diet-induced inflammation and the improvement or worsening of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis: a longitudinal analysis of RaNCD cohort study.","authors":"Mohammad Sedighi, Amir Saber, Amir Bagheri, Saba Hazratian, Yahya Pasdar, Farid Najafi, Mehdi Moradinazar, Davood Soleimani","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00897-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-025-00897-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persistent inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to scrutinize the associations of diet-induced inflammation with the improvement or worsening of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in MASLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal study involved 2,537 participants from the Ravanser Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort (2015-2023). Dietary intake was assessed using the 118-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and diet-induced inflammation was determined using the dietary inflammatory index (DII). The AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) were used as confirmed predictive indicators for hepatic fibrosis and the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) was used for hepatic steatosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence to an inflammatory diet independently increases the risk of worsening hepatic steatosis (RR:1.39; 95%CI: 1.02-1.93; P-value: 0.04) and reduces the risk of improving hepatic steatosis (RR: 66; 95% CI: 0.48-0.98; P-value: 0.01) compared to an anti-inflammatory diet. The DII scores did not show any connection to hepatic fibrosis, as determined by FIB-4 (β: - 1.08; 95%CI: - 2.43 to 0.27; P-value: 0.12) and APRI (β: 0.22; 95%CI: - 1.51 to 1.95; P-value: 0.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results underscore the importance of dietary composition in managing hepatic steatosis and highlight the need for further research to explore the mechanisms underlying these associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of combined fig-Walnut syrup on functional constipation in pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Roghayyeh Valizadeh, Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Khadijeh Hajizadeh, Mostafa Araj-Khodaei, Mojgan Mirghafourvand","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00895-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-025-00895-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal complaints during pregnancy. Consuming fruits and vegetables is often the first line of treatment due to their fiber content. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of combined fig-walnut syrup on functional constipation (FC) and quality of life (QoL) in pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial, 90 pregnant women with FC were randomly assigned to receive combined fig-walnut syrup, fig syrup, or placebo (n = 30 in each group) using block randomization. Participants received 15 ml of syrup once daily at night, half an hour before bedtime, for 14 days and were followed up for 2 weeks after the end of the intervention. The FC, quality of life-gravidity (QOL-GRAV), and food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) were used to collect data. The questionnaires were completed once before the intervention and then the FC questionnaire was completed once a week for four weeks and the QoL questionnaire was completed at the end of the fourth week. To compare the outcomes among the study groups, one-way AONOVA, ANCOVA, Mann- Whitney U test, and Kruskal- Wallis test were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the intervention, although there was no statistically significant difference in the number of defecations between the combined fig-walnut syrup group and the fig syrup group (P > 0.05) at every four weeks, there was a statistically significant difference compared to the placebo (P < 0.05). Combined fig-walnut syrup (adjusted mean difference (AMD): -3.4; 95% confidence interval: -0.7 to -6.1; P = 0.008) and fig syrup (AMD: -5.8; 95% CI: -3.1 to -8.6; P < 0.001) improved QoL compared to the placebo group and there was no statistically significant difference between the combined fig-walnut and fig syrup (AMD: 2.4; 95% CI: 5.2 to -0.3; P = 0.104).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The consumption of fig-walnut syrup and fig syrup may help improve constipation symptoms and enhance QoL during pregnancy. Further studies are needed to reach a conclusive determination.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): IRCT2012071801032N79. Date of registration: 07.12.2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11742795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum vitamin D and continuous metabolic syndrome score among children and adolescents: roles of levels of inflammation in peripheral blood.","authors":"Yanyan Li, Zhuang Ma, Yan Li, Ting Xiong, Ziyang Zhang, Bingxuan Kong, Wenlong Lu, Xiu Zhao, Rongfei Zheng, Yuhan Tang, Ping Yao, Zhe Su, Yuanjue Wu, Jingfan Xiong","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00893-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12986-024-00893-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum vitamin D deficiency is intricately linked to metabolic disorders, however, evidence on its association with continuous metabolic risk in children and adolescents remains insufficient. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and continuous metabolic risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional analysis involved 4490 participants aged 6 ~ 18, and the longitudinal investigation included 1398 individuals aged 6 ~ 12 years. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Continuous Metabolic syndrome risk score (CMSRS), incorporating waist, blood pressure, blood lipid levels, and glucose metabolism as four components, utilizes age- and gender-specific Z scores to evaluate metabolic risk. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to visualize dose-response relationships and generalized linear models (GLM) were used to estimate potential associations. Mediation analysis was used to evaluate the mediating role of levels of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RCS indicated a negative linear association between serum 25(OH)D levels and CMSRS (P-overall = 0.0066, P-nonlinear = 0.1393). GLM revealed that compared to Q1, with the quartiles of serum 25(OH)D concentrations increase, the β value ranged from 0.028 (95% CI: - 0.093, 0.037) to 0.001(95%CI: - 0.067, 0.069), and then to -0.074 (95%CI: -0.146, -0.003, P for trend = 0.0659). For every 10 ng/mL increase in serum 25(OH)D concentration corresponded to the β value change -0.058 (95%CI: -0.098, -0.017). This association was more pronounced in younger or overweight/obese individuals. Furthermore, in the longitudinal study, as the baseline quartile of serum 25(OH)D concentration increased, the estimated change of subsequent CMSRS indicated a decreasing trend, ranging from -0.085 (95%CI: -0.203, 0.032) to -0.166 (95%CI: - 0.285, - 0.046), and then to - 0.174 (95%CI: - 0.296, -0.053, P for trend = 0.0031). The mediating proportion of levels of NLR was 7.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher serum 25(OH)D concentration is significantly associated with reduced CMSRS in children and adolescents, and adequate serum vitamin D levels play a prominent role in preventing long-term metabolic disorders, partly meditating by inflammation in peripheral blood.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11742777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of intermittent fasting on improving liver function in individuals with metabolic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mousa Khalafi, Sara K Rosenkranz, Faeghe Ghasemi, Shokoufeh Kheradmand, Aref Habibi Maleki, Mallikarjuna Korivi, Jung-Piao Tsao","doi":"10.1186/s12986-024-00885-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-024-00885-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Intermittent fasting (IF) can be an effective dietary therapy for weight loss and improving cardiometabolic health. However, there is scant evidence regarding the role of IF on indicators of liver function, particularly in adults with metabolic disorders. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of IF on liver function in adults with metabolic disorders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Three primary electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, were searched from inception to September 2024 to identify original studies that used IF interventions with or without control groups in adults with metabolic disorders. Inclusion criteria were (1) studies of human participants with metabolic diseases, (2) interventions that evaluated the effects of IF, (3) with or without a control group, and (4) measured liver fat, liver steatosis, liver fibrosis, or liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) as primary outcomes. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran's Q statistic and I-squared statistic (I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;). Publication bias was assessed using the visual inspection of funnel plots and Egger's tests. The risk of bias was assessed using the PEDro scale and the NIH quality assessment tool.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total 21 studies involving 1,226 participants with metabolic disorders were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, IF effectively decreased liver fat with a large effect size [SMD: -1.22 (95% CI: -1.63 to -0.80), p = 0.001], liver steatosis with a medium effect size [SMD: -0.73 (95% CI: -1.12 to -0.35), p = 0.001], ALT with a small effect size [SMD: -0.44 (95% CI: -0.58 to -0.30), p = 0.001], and AST with a small effect size [SMD: -0.30 (95% CI: -0.49 to -0.11), p = 0.001], but not liver fibrosis [SMD: -0.28 (95% CI: -0.59 to 0.02), p = 0.07]. Subgroup analyses showed that IF decreased liver fat and ALT significantly, independent of IF mode, participant age, health status, weight status, and intervention duration. IF significantly decreased liver fibrosis in those with obesity; and decreased AST following 5:2 diets, in middle-aged adults, adults with obesity, and regardless of health status or intervention duration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;IF seems to be an effective dietary therapy for improving liver function in adults with metabolic disorders, and many of liver function-related benefits occur regardless of IF mode, intervention duration, or participant health status.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations: &lt;/strong&gt;Significant heterogeneity, small numbers of studies and inclusion of non-randomized trials or single-group pre-post trials were the main limitation of our meta-analysis. Further randomized clinical trials are needed to elucidate the effects of IF on liver function i","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11706068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}