Azadeh Lesani, Neda Soveid, Cain C T Clark, Bahar Barkhidarian, Fatemeh Gholami, Mansooreh Sadat Mojani-Qomi
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Although prior studies have examined meal timing and health, few have considered the impact of individual chronotypes and diurnal preference. This study explored how meal distribution and chronotype-morning (M-type) versus evening (E-type)- are associated with cardiometabolic health.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 574 women in Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed through three 24-hour recalls and chronotype was determined via the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. Cardiometabolic markers-including blood pressure (BP), glucose, lipids, insulin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)-were measured.
Results: In E-type individuals, higher breakfast energy intake was linearly associated with lower systolic [β 95% CI, -0.03 (-0.05 to -0.01)] and diastolic BP [-0.01 (-0.04 to -0.003)]. Afternoon energy intake was associated with lower BMI [-0.02 (-0.04 to -0.001)] and hs-CRP [-0.001 (-0.002 to -0.0006)] in E-type women. Additionally, U-shaped associations were found between breakfast intake and systolic BP (turning point: 23% of total energy intake (TEI)), and between afternoon intake and BMI (13% TEI) and hs-CRP (12% TEI). In contrast, higher dinner energy intake was linearly associated with greater BMI in the intermediate [-0.01 (-0.02 to -0.002)] and E-type group [0.05 (0.003 to 0.09)], respectively. Eating window was associated with higher fasting blood glucose [0.001 (0.002 to 0.003)] in E-type vs. M-type individuals.
Conclusion: Aligning energy intake with wake-up time-rather than delaying meals-may benefit evening chronotypes prone to circadian misalignment. Moderate breakfast and afternoon intake, with lower dinner intake, was related to better cardiometabolic health. Accordingly, longitudinal studies are advocated.
期刊介绍:
Nutrition & Metabolism publishes studies with a clear focus on nutrition and metabolism with applications ranging from nutrition needs, exercise physiology, clinical and population studies, as well as the underlying mechanisms in these aspects.
The areas of interest for Nutrition & Metabolism encompass studies in molecular nutrition in the context of obesity, diabetes, lipedemias, metabolic syndrome and exercise physiology. Manuscripts related to molecular, cellular and human metabolism, nutrient sensing and nutrient–gene interactions are also in interest, as are submissions that have employed new and innovative strategies like metabolomics/lipidomics or other omic-based biomarkers to predict nutritional status and metabolic diseases.
Key areas we wish to encourage submissions from include:
-how diet and specific nutrients interact with genes, proteins or metabolites to influence metabolic phenotypes and disease outcomes;
-the role of epigenetic factors and the microbiome in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and their influence on metabolic responses to diet and food components;
-how diet and other environmental factors affect epigenetics and microbiota; the extent to which genetic and nongenetic factors modify personal metabolic responses to diet and food compositions and the mechanisms involved;
-how specific biologic networks and nutrient sensing mechanisms attribute to metabolic variability.