Laura Garcia-Urtiaga, Ainara Cano, Mercedes Caro, Jaione Pagaldai, Javier Amezaga, Itziar Tueros, Sara Arranz
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Several studies have employed dried blood spot (DBS) analysis to measure omega-3 levels in whole blood and investigate their associations with cardiovascular risk. Our study evaluated the effectiveness of using DBS as a marker for dietary intake, specifically focusing on omega-3 fatty acids, over both short- and long-term periods. As a novel approach, this study aims to determine whether the fatty acid (FA) profile of DBS can be useful to accurately reflect nutritional habits and monitor changes in fish intake over different consumption periods.
Methods: A within-subject nutritional intervention study was conducted with 18 healthy volunteers (both males and females aged 18-65 years). Their FA profiles were determined by GC-FID in DBS before the intervention began, and changes in their blood FA profiles were monitored at five different time-points across different periods of oily fish consumption. Dietary information was recorded daily through questionnaires. For statistical analysis, hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis were performed to detect patterns of FA profiles in DBS. Differences among groups were tested by Student´s t test or by Wilcoxon test, and changes across visits were analysed via linear mixed models.
Results: The results revealed three main patterns of the DBS profile, which could be explained by the participants' dietary habits. Furthermore, the changes during the intervention indicated that eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) levels were highly affected by the diet of the previous day, whereas docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) required at least one or two weeks to show changes, with little difference depending on the FA levels of the participants before they started the intervention.
Conclusion: The use of DBS to examine blood FA composition is a promising, reliable and convenient way to assess dietary habits and monitor responses to food intake, which could help advance personalised nutritional strategies.
Trial registration: The study was registered at the ISRCTN (registration number ISRCTN47135203) the 22nd October 2024.
期刊介绍:
Nutrition & Metabolism publishes studies with a clear focus on nutrition and metabolism with applications ranging from nutrition needs, exercise physiology, clinical and population studies, as well as the underlying mechanisms in these aspects.
The areas of interest for Nutrition & Metabolism encompass studies in molecular nutrition in the context of obesity, diabetes, lipedemias, metabolic syndrome and exercise physiology. Manuscripts related to molecular, cellular and human metabolism, nutrient sensing and nutrient–gene interactions are also in interest, as are submissions that have employed new and innovative strategies like metabolomics/lipidomics or other omic-based biomarkers to predict nutritional status and metabolic diseases.
Key areas we wish to encourage submissions from include:
-how diet and specific nutrients interact with genes, proteins or metabolites to influence metabolic phenotypes and disease outcomes;
-the role of epigenetic factors and the microbiome in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and their influence on metabolic responses to diet and food components;
-how diet and other environmental factors affect epigenetics and microbiota; the extent to which genetic and nongenetic factors modify personal metabolic responses to diet and food compositions and the mechanisms involved;
-how specific biologic networks and nutrient sensing mechanisms attribute to metabolic variability.