The association between dietary intakes of nitrate with nitrite from animal and plant food sources and the incidence of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes: a prospective study.
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aim: We investigated the potential effect of dietary nitrate (NO3)/nitrite (NO2) on the incidence of pre-diabetes (Pre-DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted on 2417 T2D- and Pre-DM free adults, aged 21-70 years (mean age of 39.6 ± 13.3 and 45.8% men) who participated in the third (2006-2008) examinations of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and followed up to 2018-2022. The participants' habitual dietary intakes of NO3 and NO2 were estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incidence of Pre-DM and T2D across quartile categories of NO3 and NO2 intakes.
Results: Mean (SD) daily intake of NO3 and NO2 were 489 (206) mg/d and 9.6 (3.8) mg/d; NO3 intakes mainly were derived from plant sources (95.7%). The highest compared to the lowest quartile of total and plant-based dietary NO3 intakes was accompanied by a significantly decreased risk of Pre-DM (HR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.50-0.85, HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.52-0.88). A reduced risk of T2D was observed in medium intakes of NO3 (HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.47-0.97, HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.49-1.00, in the total and plant-based sources, respectively). The lowest compared to the highest quartile of dietary NO2 was accompanied by a reduced incidence of T2D (HR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51-0.98, HR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.44-0.84 in the total and plant-based sources, respectively).
Conclusion: Higher and medium intakes of NO3 are associated with a reduced incidence of Pre-DM and T2D, respectively.
期刊介绍:
Nutrition & Metabolism publishes studies with a clear focus on nutrition and metabolism with applications ranging from nutrition needs, exercise physiology, clinical and population studies, as well as the underlying mechanisms in these aspects.
The areas of interest for Nutrition & Metabolism encompass studies in molecular nutrition in the context of obesity, diabetes, lipedemias, metabolic syndrome and exercise physiology. Manuscripts related to molecular, cellular and human metabolism, nutrient sensing and nutrient–gene interactions are also in interest, as are submissions that have employed new and innovative strategies like metabolomics/lipidomics or other omic-based biomarkers to predict nutritional status and metabolic diseases.
Key areas we wish to encourage submissions from include:
-how diet and specific nutrients interact with genes, proteins or metabolites to influence metabolic phenotypes and disease outcomes;
-the role of epigenetic factors and the microbiome in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and their influence on metabolic responses to diet and food components;
-how diet and other environmental factors affect epigenetics and microbiota; the extent to which genetic and nongenetic factors modify personal metabolic responses to diet and food compositions and the mechanisms involved;
-how specific biologic networks and nutrient sensing mechanisms attribute to metabolic variability.