Victória Batista Ferreira, Álvaro Carneiro de Souza, Lúcia Mara Januário dos Anjos, Ana Caroline da Silva Ferreira, Marcelle Abreu da Silva, Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca, Flávia de Paoli
{"title":"Photobiomodulation Triggers M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization in Zymosan-Induced Acute Arthritis in Mice","authors":"Victória Batista Ferreira, Álvaro Carneiro de Souza, Lúcia Mara Januário dos Anjos, Ana Caroline da Silva Ferreira, Marcelle Abreu da Silva, Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca, Flávia de Paoli","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70366","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70366","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate whether photobiomodulation (PBM) modulates macrophage polarization in zymosan-induced acute joint inflammation, promoting an M1 to M2 phenotype shift.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mice received intra-articular zymosan and PBM (830 nm, 10 mW) at 3 and 30 J/cm<sup>2</sup>. Euthanasia occurred at 24, 48, and 72 h. Polarization was assessed via mRNA levels and protein expression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At 24 h, both fluences downregulated iNOS and Arg-1 mRNA. The 30 J/cm<sup>2</sup> dose sustained steady-state mRNA levels through 72 h. Immunohistochemistry showed that 3 J/cm<sup>2</sup> reduced M1 cells at 24 h, while 30 J/cm<sup>2</sup> was more effective in promoting M2 polarization at 48 and 72 h. Predominance of M2 over M1 macrophages was observed in all treated groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PBM may modulate acute joint inflammation by driving a phenotypic switch from M1 to M2 macrophages. These regulatory effects depend on irradiation conditions, with higher fluence (30 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) sustaining a durable pro-resolutive cellular profile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Navid Ibtehaj Nizam, Vikas Pandey, Ismail Erbas, Niels Bracher, Jason T. Smith, Xavier Intes
{"title":"Deep Learning Framework for 3D Fluorescence Lifetime Estimation","authors":"Navid Ibtehaj Nizam, Vikas Pandey, Ismail Erbas, Niels Bracher, Jason T. Smith, Xavier Intes","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70362","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70362","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fluorescence lifetime imaging has emerged as a powerful tool for quantitatively assessing the molecular environment of live tissues. While fluorescence lifetime microscopy is a maturing field, achieving effective 3D imaging in deep tissues remains challenging due to high scattering. In this study, we present a deep neural network-based approach, AUTO-FLI, which enables both 3D intensity and quantitative lifetime reconstructions at centimeter depths. Unlike conventional approaches that estimate lifetime from 2D measurements prior to reconstruction, AUTO-FLI directly recovers voxel-wise lifetime within a three-dimensional domain. The proposed method incorporates an in silico framework to generate fluorescence lifetime data for training and validation. The model is further validated using experimental data acquired on an anatomically accurate mouse-mimicking phantom. The results demonstrate accurate 3D estimates of both intensity and lifetime distributions in highly scattering media, supporting fluorescence lifetime-based molecular imaging at mesoscopic and macroscopic scales, with potential applications in pre-clinical research and fluorescence-guided surgery.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149013523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelli Fowlds, Carly M. Darden, Michael C. Lawrence, Michael Cho
{"title":"Enhancement of Harvested Islet Functionality Through Photostimulation","authors":"Kelli Fowlds, Carly M. Darden, Michael C. Lawrence, Michael Cho","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.70365","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Allogeneic islet transplantation is a promising treatment for Type I diabetes, but its success is limited by islet loss during isolation, purification, and engraftment, resulting in variable long-term insulin independence. Our previous studies demonstrated that photobiomodulation (PBM) significantly enhances insulin and glucagon secretion in pancreatic cells, likely through modulation of ATP production and calcium signaling pathways involved in hormone release. Building on these mechanistic findings, we investigated whether PBM could similarly improve the functionality of whole islets before transplantation. Mouse islets were isolated by pancreatectomy, cultured ex vivo, and treated daily with PBM for 7 days. Fluorescence imaging and functional assays were used to assess insulin expression and secretion. PBM significantly enhanced insulin secretion, with an approximately twofold increase observed after 3 days of treatment. These findings support PBM as a promising, noninvasive approach for improving islet function before transplantation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas Corfield, Jillian E. Moffat, Denice Higgins
{"title":"Quantitative Spectral Analysis of Dental Fluorescence to Characterize Mismatches Between Natural Teeth and Restorative Materials","authors":"Thomas Corfield, Jillian E. Moffat, Denice Higgins","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.70361","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human teeth exhibit significant environmental variability, making it challenging to replicate their intrinsic ultraviolet-induced fluorescence. This study quantitatively compared the fluorescence of seven natural human molars, six contemporary composite resins and five dental ceramics using high-resolution Fluorescence Excitation-Emission Matrix (EEM) spectroscopy (excitation: 210–400 nm, emission: 400–680 nm). Principal component analysis (PCA) showed significant group separation in multivariate spectral space, where teeth and composites overlapped while ceramics formed a distinct cluster. Spectral centroid analysis revealed a clear emission quality ranking: composites were red-shifted and ceramics were the most blue-shifted relative to teeth. These quantifiable differences demonstrate that contemporary restoratives do not yet precisely mimic full-spectrum dental fluorescence, despite a growing trend towards doing so. These findings provide an updated quantifiable benchmark for evaluating how well contemporary restorative materials mimic natural tooth fluorescence as manufacturers continue improving mimicry.</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbio.70361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Tong, Haiyan Han, Yuanhong Zhang, Yuai Shen, Zhixuan Wang, Xi Yang
{"title":"Monte Carlo-Based Optimization of Multi-Source Illumination for Photoacoustic Signal Generation in Human Gray-Matter Vessels","authors":"Jun Tong, Haiyan Han, Yuanhong Zhang, Yuai Shen, Zhixuan Wang, Xi Yang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70364","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70364","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effective excitation of cerebrovascular photoacoustic signals is limited by superficial tissue attenuation and illumination geometry. This paper proposes a multi-source illumination evaluation method for gray-matter vessel targets based on Monte Carlo light transport and photoacoustic initial-pressure calculation using a simplified multilayer brain model for screening and a Tissue Probability Map (TPM) brain model for validation. The dual Collimated Gaussian source with 15° symmetric incidence along the Y direction performed best in the regular layered model, whereas the dual Pencil Array source with 20° symmetric incidence along the Y direction was optimal in the TPM model. These results suggest that regular layered models are suitable for preliminary screening, but the final illumination scheme should be revalidated under anatomical constraints. This study provides a theoretical reference for optimizing optical-source configurations in human brain photoacoustic imaging.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andréa Dias Neves Lago, Tábata Resque Beckmann Carvalho, Huothon Luilmo Guedes de Almeida, Amanda Rafaelly Honório Mandetta, Cinthya Cosme Gutierrez Duran, Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana, Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes, Manoela Domingues Martins, Sandra Kalil Bussadori
{"title":"Dual-Wavelength Super-Pulsed Diode Laser (810 and 980 nm) for Mucocele Excision in the Lower Lip: Case Report","authors":"Andréa Dias Neves Lago, Tábata Resque Beckmann Carvalho, Huothon Luilmo Guedes de Almeida, Amanda Rafaelly Honório Mandetta, Cinthya Cosme Gutierrez Duran, Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana, Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes, Manoela Domingues Martins, Sandra Kalil Bussadori","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70352","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70352","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This report describes the excisional biopsy of a lower lip mucocele using a dual-wavelength super-pulsed diode laser (810/980 nm). The procedure was performed under local anesthesia using a 400 μm fiber tip with peak power of 100 W, pulse frequency of 20 Hz, pulse width of 0.05 ms, and average power of 1.2 W. The super-pulsed emission enabled precise tissue incision, effective intraoperative hemostasis, and clear visualization of the surgical field. The excised specimen showed preserved morphology without carbonization, allowing histopathological confirmation of mucocele. After excision, photobiomodulation therapy was applied using a 7-mm adapter (0.3 W, 2 J, 7 s per point, 5.5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>) to promote postoperative analgesia and tissue repair. Healing was uneventful, with no postoperative pain, edema, or recurrence at 90 days. The dual-wavelength super-pulsed diode laser represents a minimally invasive approach for oral mucocele excision while preserving tissue integrity for histopathological analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148979241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid Glioma Subtype Classification Using Label-Free Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy and Hierarchical Machine Learning","authors":"Peiyuan Sun, Minghui Du, Zhiyan Sun, Xianhao Wu, Rui Tao, Tianyi Bi, Yubo Wu, Zhaohui Zhang, Tianyao Zhang, Xiaoyan Zhao, Dabiao Zhou, Pei Yang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70354","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70354","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rapid, label-free characterization of glioma tissue remains challenging in time-sensitive clinical workflows. This exploratory study evaluated whether terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS)-derived spectral and dielectric features could support classification of major adult-type diffuse glioma subtypes, including glioblastoma (GBM), astrocytoma, and oligodendroglioma. A total of 523 glioma tissue slices from 63 patients were analyzed using a unified THz-TDS workflow. For each slice, 492 features were extracted from six dielectric-parameter families across 82 frequency points from 0.2 to 1.4 THz. To reduce slice-level information leakage, model development and validation used a strict patient-wise split, with 50 training patients and 13 held-out validation patients. A hierarchical framework combining LASSO-based feature selection, principal component analysis, and random forest classification was constructed. In validation, the final framework achieved a slice-level accuracy of 0.818 and a macro-F1 score of 0.760, supporting further investigation of THz-TDS for rapid ex vivo glioma tissue characterization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Callum D. Appel, Mark S. Carlsen, Laura L. Lukov, Chi Zhang
{"title":"Automated Optical Treatment Based on Diffuse Reflectance Signals","authors":"Callum D. Appel, Mark S. Carlsen, Laura L. Lukov, Chi Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70363","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70363","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Laser-based therapies offer high spatial precision and minimal invasiveness but rely heavily on operator skill and continuous manual guidance. Inaccurate operation can lead to undesired laser damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Closed-loop feedback approaches have been explored in laser ablation but remain underdeveloped for applications such as pigment removal and bacteria inactivation. Here, we introduce signal-activated precision optical treatment (SPOT), a high-speed closed-loop feedback platform based on diffuse reflectance detection. A dedicated and modulated guidance laser continuously interrogates tissue reflectance, and lock-in detection selectively extracts the guidance laser reflectance while effectively rejecting ambient light interference. This design enables high sensitivity to small contrast differences and sub-microsecond response. We demonstrate automated pigment removal using a nanosecond laser and bacterial inhibition with a blue laser. The SPOT framework is adaptable to other optical signal detection, enabling automated, safer, and more precise laser therapies that minimize damage to healthy tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13574529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148972779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Huang, Hui Jiang, Xijing Yan, Mintao Yan, Jincheng Li, Kehong Wang
{"title":"Laser Tissue Welding of Esophageal Tissue Assisted by Chitosan-Based Precoating: Process Optimization and Thermal-Mechanical Performance","authors":"Jun Huang, Hui Jiang, Xijing Yan, Mintao Yan, Jincheng Li, Kehong Wang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70359","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.70359","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper investigates the effect of process parameters and chitosan-based precoating on mechanical properties and thermal damage during laser repair of esophageal tissue. The effects of laser power, defocusing amount, and concentrations of indocyanine green (ICG) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) on burst pressure strength, thermal denaturation degree, and microstructure characteristic parameters were investigated. To maximize burst pressure strength and minimize thermal damage, response surface models were constructed to correlate process parameters with burst pressure strength and thermal denaturation degree. The parameters were optimized using a genetic algorithm, and the predicted optimum was validated experimentally. Results show significant linear effects of laser power and defocusing amount on burst pressure, with notable interactions between defocusing amount-ICG and ICG-CNT. Laser power and CNT concentration also exhibit significant linear effects on thermal denaturation. The optimal process parameters were a laser power of 6.90 W, defocusing amount −0.10 mm, ICG 0.03 wt%, CNT 0.01 wt%.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148964055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combined Effects of Microwave-Assisted Opuntia humifusa Extract and Red-LED Irradiation on Redox Regulation and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in HFDPCs","authors":"Le Thi Nhu Ngoc, Ju-Young Moon, Young-Chul Lee","doi":"10.1002/jbio.70360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.70360","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluated the combined effects of microwave-assisted <i>Opuntia humifusa</i> extract (MA-OHE) and Red-LED irradiation on intracellular redox status and Wnt/β-catenin-associated signaling in human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs). Cell viability, DCF fluorescence, DNA damage, and Wnt3a/β-catenin expression were assessed. All treatments maintained > 90% cell viability and did not significantly increase DNA damage. MA-OHE and Red-LED irradiation reduced DCF fluorescence by approximately 20%–25%, with the combined treatment showing the greatest reduction. Western blotting showed increased Wnt3a and total β-catenin expression, with the combined treatment producing the greatest numerical responses. These findings indicate that MA-OHE pretreatment followed by Red-LED irradiation may provide greater modulation of intracellular redox status and Wnt/β-catenin-associated protein expression than either treatment alone. However, true synergy and direct hair growth promotion were not established.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}