{"title":"Investigation of Helicobacter pylori Through C2H4 and CO2 Breath Markers Using Photoacoustic Spectroscopy","authors":"Cristina Popa, Mioara Petrus, Ana Maria Bratu","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500140","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>\u0000 (\u0000 <i>H. pylori</i>\u0000 ) is a bacterium that infects the stomach and can lead to conditions like peptic ulcers, chronic gastric inflammation, and stomach cancer. A key feature of \u0000 <i>H. pylori</i>\u0000 is urease, an enzyme that breaks down urea into ammonium carbonate. Various methods exist for diagnosing \u0000 <i>H. pylori</i>\u0000 infections, including breath tests. This study expands on previous research that focused on ammonia detection by introducing a novel approach using photoacoustic spectroscopy to measure ethylene and carbon dioxide levels in the breath of infected individuals. Our results show significant differences in gas concentrations between \u0000 <i>H. pylori</i>\u0000 -infected individuals and healthy controls. Ethylene concentrations were 113.64% higher, and carbon dioxide levels were 433.47% higher in infected participants, suggesting that both gases may serve as biomarkers for \u0000 <i>H. pylori</i>\u0000 detection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Pulsed and Continuous Wave Modes in High-Intensity Laser Light Therapy: Implications for Deep Tissue Treatment","authors":"Chironjeet Chaki, Luis De Taboada, Kwong Ming Tse","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400164","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202400164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-intensity laser at a wavelength of 1064 nm has gained significant attention in the field of therapeutic applications due to its potential to penetrate deeper. Continuous wave laser therapy, although effective, poses a challenge of elevated skin temperature. This study endeavors to explore the transition from continuous to pulsed laser, aiming to enhance light fluence in deep tissue while mitigating skin temperature rise. Investigating continuous versus pulsed wave in transdermal deep tissue light therapy, this research utilizes a high-intensity laser at 1064 nm to optimize fluence in deep muscle tissue of the human knee, minimizing absorption-driven skin temperature rise. Simulated parameters, including peak power (60 W), pulse width (2 ms), duty cycle (10%), frequency (50 Hz), as well as beam size of 20 mm, indicate that pulsed wave irradiation after 300 s achieved the lowest skin surface temperature (42.5°C) and the highest fluence (approximately 4.2 J/cm<sup>2</sup>).</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbio.202400164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Novel Approach to Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Patients","authors":"Chia-Wei Sun, Chun-Yeh Wang, Yu-Han Zheng, Yi-Min Wang, Hsiao-Huang Chang","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a medical device that provides temporary external circulation and respiratory support during heart-lung procedures, substituting for heart and lung function to alleviate their burden and allow more time for treatment. This study employs the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) to evaluate the severity of illness in ECMO patients and utilizes noninvasive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to monitor lower limb microcirculation. By extracting and selecting features, blood oxygen information is input into machine learning models for classification and regression analysis. The results indicated that the classification accuracy for disease severity reached 90% for veno-venous (VV-ECMO) and veno-arterial (VA-ECMO) patients, demonstrating the efficacy of combining NIRS with machine learning in clinically distinguishing disease severity. Additionally, the regression analysis yielded excellent performance. These findings underscore the effectiveness of NIRS in assessing disease severity among ECMO patients, offering valuable clinical guidance for optimizing ECMO settings, adjusting cardiovascular medication dosages, and predicting patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbio.202500032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenda You, Ying Liu, Zengyong Li, Jixiao Liu, Jian Li
{"title":"Application of Upper Limb Multimodal Tasks Combined With fNIRS Technology in the Assessment of Mild Cognitive Impairment","authors":"Zhenda You, Ying Liu, Zengyong Li, Jixiao Liu, Jian Li","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500020","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is primarily characterized by a gradual decline in cognitive function, where early detection and intervention are crucial to preventing Alzheimer's disease progression. This study integrates upper limb multimodal tasks (ULMTs) with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess cognitive and motor functions in MCI patients. Thirty-seven elderly participants were categorized into healthy control (HC) and MCI groups. The experiment consisted of resting state, numerical cognitive task (NCT), motor task (MT), and ULMT phases. fNIRS measured hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal and motor cortices, while an upper limb trainer recorded motor data. Results showed weaker cortical responses in the MCI group during rest and reduced motor cortex activation during NCT. Both groups displayed increased cortical activity during ULMT compared to NCT but reduced motor performance compared to MT. These findings demonstrate the potential of ULMTs combined with fNIRS for early MCI assessment and intervention.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesco Baldini, Kishan Dholakia, Paul French, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Achim Kohler, Werner Mäntele, Laura Marcu, Ronald Sroka, Siva Umapathy, Juergen Popp
{"title":"Shining a Light on the Future of Biophotonics","authors":"Francesco Baldini, Kishan Dholakia, Paul French, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Achim Kohler, Werner Mäntele, Laura Marcu, Ronald Sroka, Siva Umapathy, Juergen Popp","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500148","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500148","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biophotonics—the interdisciplinary fusion of light-based technologies with biology and medicine—is rapidly transforming research, diagnostics, and therapy across various domains. This white paper, developed in conjunction with the International Congress on Biophotonics 2024, offers a comprehensive overview of the current landscape and future potential of biophotonics. It discusses core technologies such as bioimaging, biosensing, and photonic-based therapies, while highlighting novel applications in oncology, infectious diseases, neurology, cardiovascular health, agriculture, food safety, and environmental monitoring. The document also explores key enablers, including artificial intelligence, novel materials, and quantum biophotonics, along with critical challenges related to standardization, regulation, and clinical translation. A SWOT analysis and recommendations are provided to guide future research, commercialization, and interdisciplinary collaboration, underscoring biophotonics as a cornerstone of next-generation precision medicine and the One Health approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbio.202500148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan A. Merritt, Kegan Heaney, Nuren Shuchi, Kacy L. Gordon, Susan R. Trammell
{"title":"Mid-IR Imaging Can Detect Waste Heat Production in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans","authors":"Ryan A. Merritt, Kegan Heaney, Nuren Shuchi, Kacy L. Gordon, Susan R. Trammell","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500078","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organisms carry out metabolic processes to produce chemical energy, but these biochemical pathways are inherently inefficient, resulting in the loss of energy as heat. This study reports the first characterization of the thermal signature of waste heat production in the ectothermic invertebrate \u0000 <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>\u0000 using thermal infrared (8–10 μm) imaging. A label-free imaging approach was developed to distinguish the heat output of living versus dead \u0000 <i>C. elegans</i>\u0000 by employing a cold object in reflectance mode with a highly reflective imaging substrate to suppress the thermal background. This method reveals a clear, repeatable difference in both the thermal output and cooling rate of living versus dead worms. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirms that the measured temperature differences arise from variations in kinetic temperature rather than differences in thermal emissivity. This novel approach provides a powerful tool for studying the previously inaccessible thermal biology of small ectothermic invertebrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbio.202500078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuo Wang, Dewen Xu, Lin Ji, Yulong Liu, Yunhai Zhang, Xin Miao
{"title":"MEMS-Based Portable Reflection Confocal Microscope for In Vivo Skin Imaging","authors":"Shuo Wang, Dewen Xu, Lin Ji, Yulong Liu, Yunhai Zhang, Xin Miao","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to develop a portable reflective confocal microscope (PCRM) based on MEMS micro-mirrors for in vivo skin imaging. The design of PCRM is intended to overcome the limitations of traditional invasive biopsies and bulky desktop microscopes, enabling handheld operation and access to hard-to-reach skin areas. This research innovatively integrates MEMS technology into the PCM through precise mechanical design, using an 830 nm laser and a commercial Olympus objective lens, achieving a lateral resolution of 1.24 μm and an axial resolution of 5.3 μm, with imaging at a speed of 11 f/s over a field of view of 530 × 500 μm. PCRM successfully imaged various skin layers, including capillary blood flow, demonstrating diagnostic potential for skin lesions and providing a compact, high-performance solution for non-invasive skin imaging suitable for clinical applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yue Xiaoqing, Fan Danfeng, Li Hongmin, Chen Zhengyuan, Lv Haiyue, Hang Tianyi, Wang Huanjun
{"title":"Application of Hyperspectral Imaging and Machine Learning for Differential Diagnosis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma","authors":"Yue Xiaoqing, Fan Danfeng, Li Hongmin, Chen Zhengyuan, Lv Haiyue, Hang Tianyi, Wang Huanjun","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) often share similar features, leading to frequent misdiagnoses. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) offers detailed spatial and spectral insights, promising improved tumor detection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to discern HT and PTC spectral characteristics using HSI and evaluate deep learning models for pathologic diagnostic effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hyperspectral data from HT and PTC samples were processed using second-order derivatives and Savitzky–Golay smoothing. The adaptive spectral feature selection network model classified spectral data from various wavelengths to assess performance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PTC showed unique spectral features in the 400–500 nm range with higher peak intensities at lower wavelengths than HT. The model achieved 88.36% accuracy, highlighting the importance of low-wavelength data in differentiating PTC from HT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The model effectively identifies spectral differences between HT and PTC, offering a novel approach for precise thyroid disease diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xu Sang, Liushuan Niu, Zhenjia Xiang, Dong Li, Bin Chen, Qiang Li
{"title":"A Novel Diffusion Irradiation Method to Monitor Thermal Effects on Deep Subcutaneous Vessels Using Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging","authors":"Xu Sang, Liushuan Niu, Zhenjia Xiang, Dong Li, Bin Chen, Qiang Li","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202500089","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202500089","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to investigate the effects of upper skin layers on laser light propagation and heat diffusion during laser surgery for vascular dermatosis. Using a rat dorsal window chamber model, deep-situated vessels are irradiated by a transcutaneous therapeutic laser, while blood flow changes are monitored using deep learning–enhanced laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) on the contralateral side. In vivo experiments on 20 Sprague Dawley rats were conducted to evaluate the thermal response of subcutaneous vessels at varying depths to long-pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser treatment under different parameters. Optimal laser settings are identified based on vessel morphology and blood flow velocity, ensuring effective thermal absorption for deeper vessels. By integrating LSCI with deep learning denoising techniques, this study presents a novel strategy for monitoring laser-induced effects on deep subcutaneous vessels, with potential applications in optimizing treatment strategies for vascular lesions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aidan Paul Holman, Axell Rodriguez, Ragd Elsaigh, Roa Elsaigh, Joseph Wilson, Matt H. Cohran, Dmitry Kurouski
{"title":"Indirect Detection of Swine Influenza Activity in Porcine Blood Using Raman Spectroscopy and Machine Learning","authors":"Aidan Paul Holman, Axell Rodriguez, Ragd Elsaigh, Roa Elsaigh, Joseph Wilson, Matt H. Cohran, Dmitry Kurouski","doi":"10.1002/jbio.202400575","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbio.202400575","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past decade, several swine influenza variants, including H1N1 and H1N2, have been periodically detected in swine. Raman spectroscopy (RS) offers a non-destructive, label-free, and rapid method for detecting pathogens by analyzing molecular vibrations to capture biochemical changes in samples. In this study, we examined blood serum from swine under different conditions: healthy, unvaccinated, or vaccinated against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, and vaccinated swine infected with H1N1 and H1N2 variants of swine influenza. Our findings demonstrate that RS, when combined with machine learning algorithms such as partial least squares discriminant analysis and eXtreme gradient boosting discriminant analysis, can achieve accuracy rates of up to 97.8% in identifying the infection status and specific variant within porcine blood serum. This research highlights RS as a useful, novel tool for the detection of influenza variants in swine, significantly enhancing surveillance efforts by identifying animal health threats.</p>","PeriodicalId":184,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biophotonics","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbio.202400575","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}