Journal of food protection最新文献

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Survey of Foodborne Pathogens in Farm-Sold Frozen Dessert in Switzerland","authors":"Silvan Tresch,&nbsp;Michael Biggel,&nbsp;Roger Stephan","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reports in the literature indicate that ice cream has been associated with illnesses linked to several pathogens, including <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em>. Farm-produced ice cream and sorbet are commonly marketed in Switzerland, yet data on their bacteriological quality are scarce. This study assessed the prevalence of foodborne pathogens and hygiene indicator organisms in frozen dessert (ice cream and sorbet) produced and marketed by Swiss farms. Between June and September 2025, 100 samples (ice cream, <em>n</em> = 61; sorbet, <em>n</em> = 39) were collected from 48 farms across 10 cantons.</div><div>Samples were analyzed qualitatively for <em>Salmonella</em>, Shiga toxin-producing <em>Escherichia coli</em> (STEC), and <em>Listeria</em> spp., and quantitatively for <em>E. coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and members of the <em>Bacillus cereus</em> group. Neither <em>Salmonella</em>, STEC, nor <em>L. monocytogenes</em> were detected. <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> counts remained below 1 log CFU/g and 2 log CFU/g, respectively. Members of the <em>B. cereus</em> group (<em>B. mosaicus</em> subsp. <em>cereus, B. mosaicus, B. mycoides, B. cereus</em> s.s., <em>B. toyonensis)</em> were identified in 15% of samples, at levels ranging from 2.00 to 3.57 log CFU/g. One isolate of <em>Bacillus mosaicus</em> subsp. <em>cereus</em> harboring the cereulide synthetase gene cluster was recovered from an almond ice cream sample (2 log CFU/g). The findings indicate an overall absence of major bacterial pathogens and low levels of indicator organisms in Swiss farm ice cream and sorbet but highlight the relevance of <em>B. cereus</em> group members as potential hazards requiring monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"89 4","pages":"Article 100714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146125363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Steam-Vacuum Treatment of Pig Carcass Surfaces\" [J. Food Protect. 89(2) (2026) 100687].","authors":"Janna Tholen, Alina Kirse, Henrike von Haacke, Lothar Kreienbrock, Lea Strotkötter, Gereon Schulze Althoff, Matthias Upmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100728","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":" ","pages":"100728"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147433361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serovar Diversity and Cellular State Modulate Salmonella Response to Antimicrobial Treatments","authors":"Laura Torres,&nbsp;Maria Salazar,&nbsp;Alexandra Calle","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Outbreaks, illnesses, and deaths due to <em>Salmonella</em> contamination of food remain the leading cause of foodborne diseases in the U.S. Considering the challenge that mitigating this organism poses, this study investigates factors that may be affecting <em>Salmonella</em> control in food processing environments by exploring serovar variation and cellular state (biofilms vs planktonic cells) when treated with common chemical sanitizers. Seven <em>Salmonella</em> serovars (<em>S.</em> Infantis, <em>S.</em> Enteritidis, <em>S.</em> Kentucky, <em>S.</em> Typhimurium, <em>S.</em> Newport, <em>S.</em> Heidelberg, and <em>S.</em> Dublin) were subjected to treatments with sodium hypochlorite (SH) and peracetic acid (PAA) as biofilms and planktonic cells on stainless-steel. Each serovar was treated independently with SH or PAA at two concentrations (100 and 200 ppm) for contact times of 1 and 2 min. Statistically significant differences were observed between biofilms and their planktonic counterpart across all <em>Salmonella</em> serovars (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), with biofilms showing lower reduction regardless of treatment compared to planktonic cells. Regarding biofilms, PAA interventions were significantly more effective (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), with reductions ranging from 1 to 6 Log₁₀ CFU/cm², while SH produced reductions ranging from 0.6 to 4 Log₁₀ CFU/cm². Serovar-influenced differences were observed for both sanitizers, with <em>S.</em> Kentucky and <em>S.</em> Infantis showing the highest bacterial concentrations recovered after all treatments, indicating that the disinfectants’ efficacy in reducing bacterial load was serovar-dependent (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The discovery of differences in <em>Salmonella</em> serovar responses to disinfectants and the decreased efficacy of sanitizers when biofilms are present should be considered by the food industry, as it requires implementing improved sanitation protocols to reduce <em>Salmonella</em> contamination in foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"89 3","pages":"Article 100709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146093070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Three Different Sesame ELISA Methods for the Detection and Quantitation of Sesame in Foods","authors":"Chung Y. Cho,&nbsp;Rakhi Panda,&nbsp;Prasad Rallabhandi","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sesame was recently designated as the 9th major food allergen regulated in the US by the Food Allergy Safety, Treatment, Education, and Research (FASTER) Act of 2021. FDA currently utilizes enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods to detect and quantify allergens in foods. In this study, we evaluated commercially available sesame ELISA kits for their suitability in the detection of sesame in various foods. ELISA kits were obtained from Morinaga Institute of Biological Science Inc., (MIoBS; Sesame ELISA Kit II), R-Biopharm® (RIDASCREEN® FAST Sesame), and Neogen® (Veratox® Sesame Allergen Quantitative Test Kit) and employed to analyze three sesame-spiked/incurred model foods (spice mix, hummus, and baked muffin) by three different analysts. Hummus was analyzed on Day 1 and Day 7 after its preparation to evaluate robustness in response to storage at 4 °C. MIoBS and RIDASCREEN Sesame ELISA kits demonstrated an intermediate precision between 1.8 and 27% and 13–27%, respectively, in all matrices, while the Veratox kit intermediate precision ranged from 3.1 to 14% for baked muffin and spice mix; but, failed to detect sesame in hummus samples due to a higher LoQ value. The RIDACREEN assay overestimated sesame content in all tested matrix samples with average recoveries ranging from 130 to 220%. The MIoBS Sesame ELISA kit demonstrated average recoveries ranging between 110 and 130% for the baked muffin and 110–170% for hummus, with reduced recovery between 41 and 51% in spice mix. The Veratox Sesame ELISA demonstrated high sesame recoveries up to 440% in baked muffin and 350% in spice mix. These results show that the immunochemical detection of sesame could vary based on differences in the ELISA kit platform, matrix, and allergen concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"89 3","pages":"Article 100710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of a Novel UV-C Tunnel with PAA Misting to Reduce Escherichia coli on Carrots (Daucus carota)","authors":"Sagar Pokhrel ,&nbsp;Vikas Kumar Galipothu ,&nbsp;Tricia Jenkins ,&nbsp;Londa Nwadike ,&nbsp;Manreet Bhullar","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Outbreaks of foodborne illness associated with fresh produce, especially root crops like carrots, represent an ongoing pressing need to develop effective and sustainable methods of decontamination. This study explores a novel decontamination tunnel system to reduce <em>Escherichia coli</em> on whole carrots. The tunnel used four modules of Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light and sanitizer-spraying nozzles. The evaluations were conducted for the individual intervention as well as combinations of UV-C (254 nm) and Peracetic Acid (PAA) (80 ppm). Based on a randomized controlled trial, four treatment groups were selected: control, treatment with UV-C only, treatment with 80 ppm PAA only, and treatment with combined UV-C and PAA. The test was conducted in three independent trials, with nine replicates per group (<em>n</em> = 9 total). The reductions in microbial loads were expressed as log CFU/g values. Notably, the UV-C combined with PAA treatment produced the greatest mean reduction of 2.83 ± 0.10 log CFU/g, significantly higher than either treated with PAA alone (2.38 ± 0.06 log CFU/g) or UV-C alone (1.49 ± 0.16 log CFU/g) at a <em>p</em> value &lt; 0.0001. The combination of PAA and UV-C light exhibited a complementary effect, meaning the oxidative effect of PAA improved the surface penetration of UV-C, overcoming the limited effectiveness of UV-C in irregular surfaces. This approach has an improved decontamination efficacy on root vegetable surfaces like carrots, which have a rough surface with minute crevices and are difficult to decontaminate through a single treatment. This new tunnel-based technology, combining UV and sanitizer applications, has great potential as an additional second-line strategy to traditional sanitization techniques. Its applications, in addition to enhanced microbial safety of fresh produce and vegetables, also help to decrease the use of chemicals and offer an effective alternative antimicrobial treatment option for organic growers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"89 3","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146040890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Safety Knowledge and Behaviors of Canadians: Foodbook 2.0","authors":"Maiza Sy ,&nbsp;M. Kate Thomas ,&nbsp;Andrea Nesbitt ,&nbsp;Abhinand Thaivalappil ,&nbsp;Ian Young","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Each year in Canada, an estimated 4 million cases of foodborne illness occur which result in approximately 11,600 hospitalizations and 240 deaths. These illnesses pose significant public health and economic challenges. To address this, current information on Canadians’ food handling practices is essential to support evidence-based communication, food safety messaging, and policymaking. This study aimed to describe national consumer food handling behaviors and identify knowledge gaps related to food safety practices. Data were obtained from the Foodbook 2.0 survey, conducted by the Public Health Agency of Canada between 2023 and 2024. Weighted analysis was performed on this nationally representative dataset, with demographic disaggregation to identify high-risk groups and determine the prevalence of unsafe food handling behaviors. Men were more likely than women to refrigerate leftovers more than six hours after cooking (8.4% vs. 5.6%). About 30.0% (95%CI: 29.9–31.0) of respondents rinsed meat or poultry before cooking it “all of the time”, with 25.0% (95%CI: 24.1–26.1) of respondents “sometimes” engaging in this practice. The most common method for checking meat doneness was visual inspection (73.6%; 95%CI: 72.6–74.6). These findings highlight the continued importance of targeted food safety education, particularly focusing on proper storage, safe handling of raw meat and poultry, and the use of food thermometers. These results indicate how messaging could be tailored to demographic groups engaging in higher-risk behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"89 3","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145989597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food and Water Safety Practices and Preparedness of Ontarians at Home During Power Outages and Other Emergencies: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Kais Azad ,&nbsp;Melanie Firestone ,&nbsp;Ian Young","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Power outages can compromise drinking water systems and the ability to control the temperature of refrigerated foods. However, few previous studies have examined people’s practices and preparedness in this area. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to understand the preparedness and food and water safety practices of Ontario, Canada, residents at home during extended power outages and other emergencies. A survey was developed based on previous research and government guidelines and was administered to an online panel of Ontarians in June 2024. Descriptive analyses were conducted with key outcomes stratified by participant demographics. A total of 752 participants completed the survey. To determine the safety of perishable food in refrigerators during a power outage, 68.2% (<em>n</em> = 512) of respondents considered the amount of time in the refrigerator. To keep perishable food safe for longer, 52.9% (<em>n</em> = 398) of respondents considered keeping it outside in cold weather. To determine the safety of drinking water during a power outage, 59.2% (<em>n</em> = 445) of respondents considered the smell and taste of the water. Higher income respondents and those who had experienced a power outage previously were more likely to use refrigerator and freezer thermometers. Women were more likely than men to follow safe refrigeration guidelines (13.7% vs. 7.9%). Government websites (61.3%; <em>n</em> = 461) and family and friends (57.7%; <em>n</em> = 434) were the most common sources of information. The findings highlight the prevalence of certain unsafe food and water handling practices and differences based on sociodemographic status. Results can support the development of tailored public health messaging and outreach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"89 3","pages":"Article 100711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Sample-to-Detection (S2D) Nano-Biosensing System to Rapidly Detect Salmonella in Poultry Processing Samples","authors":"Anthony James Franco ,&nbsp;Woubit Abebe ,&nbsp;Tina Conklin ,&nbsp;Roger Stearns ,&nbsp;Mollie Woods ,&nbsp;Evangelyn Alocilja","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Salmonella</em> is one of the most infectious foodborne pathogens, often associated with poultry. The speed of current detection methods is inadequate to address the growing global demand for poultry product safety. In this study, a sample-to-detection (S2D) nano-biosensing system was developed using glycan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to concentrate cells from poultry processing plant samples, and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to detect <em>Salmonella</em> genomic DNA. More colonies were observed after MNP-aided preparation of poultry swabs, rinsate, and ground poultry meat samples, indicating a successful <em>Salmonella</em> concentration. The GNP-based DNA detection was selective towards the invA gene of <em>Salmonella</em>, with a detection limit of 2.5 ng/µL of dsDNA, translating to detecting 10³ CFU/mL in the samples. The results of the S2D system were comparable with those of culture- and PCR-based detection methods, which served as standards. The S2D analysis time was less than 4 h, significantly shorter than conventional methods. This study demonstrates the potential of the S2D system as a rapid screening tool to complement standard procedures for timely foodborne pathogen monitoring in poultry processing plants, leading to the protection of public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"89 3","pages":"Article 100712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apple Drying Process Lethality Prediction Using Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Xiyang Liu ,&nbsp;Elizabeth M. Grasso-Kelley ,&nbsp;Alvin Lee ,&nbsp;Nathan M. Anderson","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of drying temperature, bed depth, and airflow on Salmonella lethality achieved during hot-air drying of inoculated apple cubes to a fixed water activity level, using a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design. Apples were dried under 15 conditions, and Salmonella inactivation was estimated at a product water activity (a_w) of 0.60, a level representative of a relatively higher-a_w dried apple product. Across all trials, Salmonella inactivation correlated linearly (R² = 0.91–0.97) with a_w reduction, allowing a_w to be used as a practical proxy for drying process lethality estimation. Estimated <em>Salmonella</em> inactivation at a_w 0.60 ranged from 2.25 ± 0.11 to 4.97 ± 0.21 log CFU/4 cubes. A refined response surface methodology (RSM) model captured the significant linear effects of temperature, airflow, and bed depth, and a marginal interaction between airflow and bed depth. Higher temperature and airflow enhanced lethality, while a deeper bed reduced lethality. However, the positive effect of airflow diminished at greater bed depths. Model validation under three randomly selected drying conditions showed strong agreement between model predictions and experimental observations, with a low root mean square error of prediction (0.371 log CFU/4 cubes), an accuracy factor of 1.101, and a bias factor of 1.073 (7.3% overprediction). These results demonstrate that water activity reduction can be used as a reliable indicator of microbial lethality in hot-air apple drying and that the developed RSM model provided a robust tool to predict Salmonella inactivation across practical processing conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"89 3","pages":"Article 100707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Produce Safety Rule Supplemental Training and Grower Learning Impact: Experimental Evidence from Latin America","authors":"Eric Sarpong Owusu ,&nbsp;Clare Narrod ,&nbsp;Ana Marisa Cordero ,&nbsp;Noemí Zúñiga Thimeos","doi":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfp.2026.100697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Produce Safety Rule (PSR), implemented under the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), mandates science-based training for produce growers to strengthen food safety practices. Recognizing limitations of standard training for international audiences, particularly in Latin America, a supplemental training package was developed to better support international compliance efforts. Yet limited evidence exists on the effectiveness of such interventions. This study evaluates the impact of supplemental training materials, comprising web-based videos, infographics, and memes, using a randomized controlled trial in Mexico, Chile, and Costa Rica. The experiment included 298 growers (149 owners/managers and 149 supervisors) who were randomly assigned to treatment or control groups, and learning outcomes were assessed with pre- and post-training knowledge tests separately for each group. Results show that supplemental training improved knowledge scores by approximately 8% points (pp) for owners/managers and 7 pp for supervisors, with larger effects among compliers (11 pp and 8 pp, respectively). These findings demonstrate the potential of tailored interventions to enhance the effectiveness of FDA-recognized PSR grower training for international audiences. Strengthening grower knowledge at this stage of the compliance pathway supports broader food safety capacity-building and underscores the global relevance of FSMA implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15903,"journal":{"name":"Journal of food protection","volume":"89 3","pages":"Article 100697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}