Claude Rohrbacher;Dominic Leclerc;Joffrey Rivard;Romain Ritzenthaler;Christian Lupien;Hans Mertens;Naoto Horiguchi;Eva Dupont-Ferrier
{"title":"Nanosheet Transistors Produced in 300 mm Fabrication Platform for Quantum Computing","authors":"Claude Rohrbacher;Dominic Leclerc;Joffrey Rivard;Romain Ritzenthaler;Christian Lupien;Hans Mertens;Naoto Horiguchi;Eva Dupont-Ferrier","doi":"10.1109/LED.2025.3556348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2025.3556348","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the first cryogenic characterization of a nMOS nanosheet transistor down to 1.2 K. We demonstrate that the device operates at low temperatures both in the transistor regime with improved DC characteristics (subthreshold swing) and in the quantum regime with adjustable charge occupation of the quantum dot down to a single electron. We further perform extensive low-frequency charge noise measurements in the quantum dot regime over a broad range of charge occupation numbers and observe low average charge noise of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$left lt {{ {S}_{{0}}}}right gt = {28} pm {10}; mu textit {eV}/sqrt {textit {Hz}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 1 Hz. These results demonstrate that nanosheet transistors are promising for large scale quantum/classical co-integration of CMOS devices for quantum information processing applications.","PeriodicalId":13198,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","volume":"46 6","pages":"991-994"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D/2D Core-Shell CsPbBr₃ Microcrystals for Stable X-Ray Detection and Imaging","authors":"Xiaoli Wang;Xingzhou Su;Wenxuan Yang;Zhiyuan Liu;Wenjie Luo;Binyun Han;Bin Tian;Dong Li;Xingchen He;Yang Zhang;Xue-Feng Yu;Yanliang Liu","doi":"10.1109/LED.2025.3556477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2025.3556477","url":null,"abstract":"Although metal halide perovskite (MHP) materials are promising candidates for direct X-ray detection, the surface and internal defects of perovskite polycrystalline thick films lead to severe noise current and poor device stability. Herein, a phenylethylammonium (PEA+) cladding layer was integrated with 3D CsPbBr3 grains, forming 3D/2D core-shell CsPbBr3 perovskite microcrystals. The PEA+, acting as the A-site cation, is able to passivate the surface defects, while the forming 2D perovskite cladding layer inhibits ion migration within CsPbBr3 grains. The blade-coated polycrystalline 3D/2D core-shell CsPbBr3 perovskite thick film exhibits a reduced trap density from <inline-formula> <tex-math>${4}.{32}times {10} ^{{10}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm−3 to <inline-formula> <tex-math>${4}.{26}times {10} ^{{9}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm−3 compared to conventional CsPbBr3 film, with ion migration activation energy increasing from 123 meV to 210 meV. Consequently, the obtained perovskite X-ray detector exhibits a high sensitivity of 29,<inline-formula> <tex-math>$460~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> C Gy<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}_{text {air}}^{-{1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm−2 and a low detection limit of 84 nGyair s−1 (50 keV X-ray photon energy), and the detector maintains long-term operational stability with a dark current drift as low as <inline-formula> <tex-math>${4}.{12}times {10} ^{-{5}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nA mm−1 s−1 V−1. Furthermore, we integrated the 3D/2D core-shell polycrystalline CsPbBr3 with a TFT chip (<inline-formula> <tex-math>${64}times {64}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> array) and successfully obtained a clear and high-contrast X-ray image of a mouse’s paw exhibiting a spatial resolution of 2.5 lp mm−1.","PeriodicalId":13198,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","volume":"46 6","pages":"936-939"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microfabricated 3D Optimized Rubidium Vapor Cell Array for Low Cost Atomic Magnetometer","authors":"Wenqi Li;Zhongxun Wang;Pengguang Liu;Jintang Shang","doi":"10.1109/LED.2025.3556773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2025.3556773","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable biomagnetic field mapping with multiple-channel atomic magnetometers (AMs) requires low-cost microfabricated rubidium vapor cell arrays (RVCAs) of high performance. In this letter, an innovative microfabricated 3D RVCA with optimized polarization lifetime is proposed and demonstrated at a wafer level. To characterize the influence of vapor cell geometry on polarization lifetime, the 3D RVCA with four interconnected light-atom interaction chambers of uniform internal buffer gas pressure (0.7 amg) and various surface-to-volume ratios (17.61, 18.15, 20.95, and 27.14 cm-1) are prepared. For the first time, we utilize single-beam configuration to characterize microfabricated 3D RVCA by extrapolating to vanishing light intensity. We measure the intrinsic polarization lifetime of the four chambers within an 3D RVCA. The results indicate that decreasing the surface-to-volume ratio of the chamber in 3D RVCA at 413 K substantially improves the polarization lifetime by 129.3%. Measurements conducted across varying temperature all demonstrate that reductions in surface-to-volume ratios positively influence the enhancement of the polarization lifetime. The proposed RVCA offers critical insights for low-cost and high-performance chip-scale AM array based on microfabricated 3D atomic vapor cells.","PeriodicalId":13198,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","volume":"46 6","pages":"980-983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultraviolet Induced Effects on Amorphous Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide Thin Film Transistors With Relatively Short Channel Lengths","authors":"Po-Hsun Chen;Kuan-Ju Zhou;Cheng-Hsien Lin","doi":"10.1109/LED.2025.3553940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2025.3553940","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the ultraviolet (UV) light induced effects on the thin film transistor (TFT) based on the amorphous indium-gallium-tin-oxide (IGZO) material with the double gate structure. Under UV light exposure, the n-type TFT device with the relatively short channel (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$4mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m) can exhibit good response, compared to those with the relatively long channel according to the electrical measurements. In addition, continuous sweeping cycles up to 1000 cycles with and without UV light source suggest its robust endurance characteristics without obvious degradations. Then, constant dynamic light switching cycles up to 2000 cycles are tested and also verified with different light sources. To further examine the UV induced effects, various electrical operations and light intensities are carried out. The experimental results indicate that the device with a relatively short channel exhibits excellent UV light responsiveness and high reliability when exposed to a selective light source, demonstrating its potential for UV sensor or light-switching applications compared to conventional UV sensing devices.","PeriodicalId":13198,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","volume":"46 5","pages":"777-780"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siyu Guo;Assaf Lahav;Quan Zhou;Pierre Boulenc;Alexander V. Klekachev;Xinjie Zhuang;Xinyang Wang
{"title":"Design of TDI Imaging Sensor Pixel for Low Power Consumption and High-Speed Applications","authors":"Siyu Guo;Assaf Lahav;Quan Zhou;Pierre Boulenc;Alexander V. Klekachev;Xinjie Zhuang;Xinyang Wang","doi":"10.1109/LED.2025.3556414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2025.3556414","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a novel high-speed, low-power consumption, large full well capacity (FWC), charge-domain Time-Delay Integration (TDI) image sensor based on a 90nm CCD-in-CMOS process is presented. A combination of the advantages of the buried channel in the CCD channel and the pinning voltage gradient in the fully depleted tapered Pinned-Photodiode (PPD) makes the proposed new structure well-suited for low-power and high-speed applications. To demonstrate the effectiveness of both optimizations, a Back-Side Illumination (BSI) test chip with a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$14~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m <inline-formula> <tex-math>$times 14~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m pixel is designed, manufactured, and characterized. The pixel maximum FWC exceeds 120 ke−. Thanks to the built-in electric field in the tapered PPD, the test chip achieves 99.998% Charge Transfer Efficiency (CTE) under equivalent 2.5 MHz line frequency condition without Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) degradation.","PeriodicalId":13198,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","volume":"46 6","pages":"940-943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Digital 2-bit Logic Device Utilizing a MEMS Frequency Comb Generator","authors":"Hongyu Chen;Dongyang Chen;Chen Wang;Bernardo Pereira Madeira;Ruochen Ding;Yuan Wang;Michael Kraft;Jin Xie","doi":"10.1109/LED.2025.3555965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2025.3555965","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a digital 2-bit logic device based on a microelectromechanical (MEMS) frequency comb generator, leveraging the high tunability of the mechanical frequency comb. The device utilizes a MEMS capacitive ring resonator to produce an electrostatically actuated frequency comb, which can execute 2-bit logic operations, i.e., AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NOR, NAND, and XNOR. Utilizing the accurate control of frequency combs, this system enables flexible and dynamic logic processing, where pump signals to the resonator act as inputs and the mechanical oscillations of the resonator provide corresponding logic outputs. The proposed MEMS logic device demonstrates good performance, with a response time of approximately ~0.3 s and an energy consumption per switching cycle of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$sim 10^{-{13}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> J. This study demonstrates the potential of frequency comb generation for digital logic, proposing an innovative approach that complements traditional components like transistors and highlights opportunities for integrating MEMS-based frequency comb generators in future mechanical computing systems.","PeriodicalId":13198,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","volume":"46 6","pages":"976-979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A High-Power RF SOI Switch With 48.7-dBm P-₀.₁dB Peak Power for 5G MIMO Applications","authors":"Wanfu Liu;Jianhui Wu","doi":"10.1109/LED.2025.3556581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2025.3556581","url":null,"abstract":"In this brief, a high-power RF switch that operates at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$2sim 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> GHz is designed and implemented using 130nm RF SOI technology. To improve the high-power handling capability in Tx mode, a series and parallel stacked structure with uniform voltage division across an OFF-shunt branch was proposed and analyzed. For the shunt branch of RF switch, the Vds voltage discrepancy of each transistor under high power is balanced by adjusting the width ratio between transistors, ensuring high-power handling capability. Moreover, the suggested design employs capacitor-based compensation to further equalize the voltage division. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed RF switch achieves 48.7 dBm (74W) of 0.1 dB compression point (P-0.1dB, peak power), <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.35sim 0.87$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB insertion loss, transmit-receive isolation (Tx-Rx ISO) >35.7 dB at <inline-formula> <tex-math>$105~^{circ }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>C. The reported structural design ensures stability and reliability under high-power operating, providing significant potential for 5G MIMO applications.","PeriodicalId":13198,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","volume":"46 6","pages":"964-967"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neuromorphic Device Based on Solution-Processed WSe2 Nanoflake Synaptic Transistors","authors":"Taoyu Zou;Chengpeng Jiang;Wentao Xu;Yong-Young Noh","doi":"10.1109/LED.2025.3554009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2025.3554009","url":null,"abstract":"Significant progress has been made in developing artificial synapses using transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs)-based neuromorphic devices, but solution-processable TMDs remain underexplored, especially in utilizing intrinsic defects for synaptic functions. Here, we prepared electrochemically-exfoliated WSe2 nanoflakes with Se vacancies that enable charge trapping and detrapping. Using a solution-processed approach, we fabricated a high-performance WSe2 synaptic transistor with a large memory window, a significant trap density of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$5times 10^{{12}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}^{-{2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and high operating stability. This synaptic transistor also successfully mimics various synaptic behaviors such as potentiation and depression, spike-voltage-dependent plasticity, and spike-number-dependent plasticity. By integrating the device with an infrared ranging sensor, the neuromorphic sensory system achieves 94.7% accuracy in object classification task, demonstrating its potential for advanced sensory processing.","PeriodicalId":13198,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","volume":"46 5","pages":"765-768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Electron Device Letters Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LED.2025.3551193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2025.3551193","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13198,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electron Device Letters","volume":"46 4","pages":"668-668"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10942389","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}