{"title":"A Bootstrapped 250-nm GaN MMIC N-Path Filter With a 31 dBm In-Band P1dB","authors":"Netanel Desta;Emanuel Cohen","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2024.3358083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2024.3358083","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a second-order parallel N-path bandpass filter implemented in 250-nm depletion-mode GaN process leveraging an integrated baseband bootstrapping technique for high-in-band linearity performance. The bootstrap circuit improves in-band compression by 20 dB by preventing the opening of the gate parasitic diode of the GaN switch. The filter achieves in-band P1dB of 31 dBm for a 26-MHz bandwidth around 1-GHz center frequency along with 2-dB insertion loss between 0.3-1.8 GHz with an out-of-band rejection of 16 dB. The chip occupies an area of 9.2 mm2 and consumes 4.9 Watt.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"66-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139727465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liang Zhang;Fengjun Chen;Xu Cheng;Jiang-An Han;Xianhu Luo;Changxing Lin;Wei Su
{"title":"Compact Multifunctional 180° Hybrid-Based 300-GHz Subharmonic I/Q Downconversion Resistive Mixers in 130-nm SiGe Process","authors":"Liang Zhang;Fengjun Chen;Xu Cheng;Jiang-An Han;Xianhu Luo;Changxing Lin;Wei Su","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2024.3357810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2024.3357810","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a compact multifunctional 180° hybrid suitable for subharmonic in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) mixers is proposed. To feed LO and RF signals at different frequencies and distribute dc supply, the hybrid combines an out-of-phase dual balun, two in-phase power dividers based on T-junction and coupled lines, and four zero-ohm transmission lines (ZTLs) into a single passive component. Chip size, insertion loss, and bandwidth can all be improved by reducing the number of passive components cascaded in the circuit. The proposed hybrid’s footprint is further minimized by employing redundant line and compensation capacitor techniques. In a 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology, two proof-of-concept subharmonic I/Q downconversion resistive mixers with/without an on-chip LO quadrupler are implemented. Both mixers feature wideband HBT-based IF amplifiers and emitter followers, which eliminate the need for dc-blocking capacitors that constrict the IF bandwidth. The mixer, without an integrated LO multiplier, occupies an area of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.685times 0.692,,{mathrm{ mm}}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 and achieves a measured conversion gain of approximately 0 dB from 255 to 310 GHz. The mixer with an on-chip LO quadrupler exhibits a conversion gain of approximately −1 dB from 270 to 300 GHz and a 3-dB IF bandwidth from 0.01 to 7 GHz. Additionally, the measured image rejection ratio (IRR) is greater than 20 dB within the operating frequencies.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"86-89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139942713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 28-GHz Low-Power Variable-Gain Low-Noise Amplifier Using Twice Current Reuse Technique","authors":"Yu-Teng Chang;Wen-Jie Lin","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2024.3354037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2024.3354037","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a 28-GHz low-power variable-gain low-noise amplifier (VGLNA) is designed for fifth-generation millimeter-wave applications and implemented using the twice current reuse (CR) technique and a tunable load. This amplifier employing the twice CR technique exhibits low dc power while delivering enhanced gain. The gain control (GC) range of the amplifier is extended using a tunable load, which is composed of a pMOS device and an inductance, and the phase variation is improved by resonating the inductance with the parasitic capacitance of the intrastage CR amplifier. Because the tunable load selectively attenuates only ac signals, \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm{ IP}}_{1 rm dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 can be proportionally increased by reducing the gain. At 28 GHz, the measured gain and GC range are 21.2 and 13.8 dB, respectively. In the entire GC range, the measured \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>${mathrm{ IP}}_{1 rm dB}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 ranges from −20 to −7 dBm, the noise figure (NF) ranges from 3.7 to 6.8 dB, and the RMS phase error is 1.05° at 28 GHz. At a supply voltage of 1.2 V, the dc power of the proposed VGLNA is only 5.0 mW. These results highlight that the proposed VGLNA has the lowest dc power, higher gain, and better figure of merit compared to other works.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"58-61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139654811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Zagouri;A. Rimer;E. Emanovic;Y. Ninio;Y. Slezak;D. Jurisic;A. Fish;J. Shor
{"title":"A Photovoltaic Energy Harvester/Image Sensor Platform With Event Detection Capability in 180 nm","authors":"D. Zagouri;A. Rimer;E. Emanovic;Y. Ninio;Y. Slezak;D. Jurisic;A. Fish;J. Shor","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2024.3353381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2024.3353381","url":null,"abstract":"Photodiodes can be utilized for both image sensing and energy harvesting, but at opposite polarity. There have been numerous research works which have attempted a self-powered imager, by flipping the diodes and harvesting. However, the integration cycle in the image sensing(IS) process is very long and the chip cannot harvest while in this mode. In this letter, an event detector (ED) function is demonstrated in 180 nm, whereby the voltage across the photodiode is monitored during harvesting. If there is a significant change in this voltage, then an event is detected, and the chip can take a picture. Two types of EDs are proposed, which can function at average power as low as 0.2–\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$1 ~mu text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"62-65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139676070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Fully Synthesizable Fractional-N MDLL With Energy-Efficient Ring-Oscillator-Based DTC of Large Tuning Range","authors":"Hóngyè Huáng;Bangan Liu;Zezheng Liu;Dingxin Xu;Yuncheng Zhang;Waleed Madany;Junjun Qiu;Zheng Sun;Ashbir Aviat Fadila;Jian Pang;Zheng Li;Dongwon You;Atsushi Shirane;Kenichi Okada","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2024.3352736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2024.3352736","url":null,"abstract":"This letter describes a fully synthesizable fractional-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 multiplexing delay-locked loop (MDLL) with a ring-oscillator-based digital-to-time converter (RO-DTC). The proposed RO-DTC can generate a wide range of time delays with only a relatively smaller number of delay cells. Since its structure is periodical, the corresponding predistortion look-up table (LUT)’s size could also be reduced. The proposed MDLL is implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process. The measured results show that the RO-DTC’s power normalized by operating frequency and tuning range is the lowest among other state-of-the-art works. The proposed MDLL achieves FoMs of −242.3 and −218.6 dB in integer-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 and fractional-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 operation modes at RF frequencies 1.04 and 1.0465 GHz. The core area is 0.0892 mm2.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"54-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10391060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139654425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongyu Lu;Hossein Rahmanian Kooshkaki;Patrick P. Mercier
{"title":"A Mixer-First Receiver With On-Demand Passive Harmonic Rejection","authors":"Hongyu Lu;Hossein Rahmanian Kooshkaki;Patrick P. Mercier","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2024.3351671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2024.3351671","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a mixer-first RF receiver that: 1) nominally operates in a low-NF \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-path filter mode; 2) features an on-chip harmonic blocker detection circuit running in the background; 3) switches to a harmonic rejection mode upon detection of harmonic content; and 4) passively rejects harmonic blockers through a current-mode circuit that uses resistor sizing to set the amplitude of each path, but with capacitive termination to minimize conversion loss to 1.9 dB while providing a sharp, down-converted filter response. Implemented in 65nm CMOS, the receiver achieves 36/40-dB HR3/5,+21 dBm IIP3, +1 dBm blocker 1-dB compression point (B1dB) and 4/8-dB NF while consuming 10–23 mW.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"46-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139573142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A 85-Gb/s PAM-4 TIA With 2.2-mApp Maximum Linear Input Current in 28-nm CMOS","authors":"Shuaizhe Ma;Zhenyu Yin;Nianquan Ran;Yifei Xia;Ruixuan Yang;Chuanhao Yu;Songqin Xu;Binhao Wang;Nan Qi;Bing Zhang;Jingbo Shi;Xiaoyan Gui;Li Geng;Dan Li","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2024.3351683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2024.3351683","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a 100-Gb/s CMOS PAM-4 transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with multimilliampere maximum linear input current. A low-noise high-linearity TIA architecture is proposed, leveraging the reconfigurable front-end (FE) TIA and the continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE) synced at multiple gain modes. Implemented in a 28-nm CMOS technology, the TIA achieves bandwidth of more than 24 GHz with transimpedance gain of 65 dB\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, while showing an acrlong IRN current density of 10.4 pA/\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$surd $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000Hz. The maximum linear input current reaches 2.2 mApp and the total harmonic distortion (THD) is less than 3% for an output swing of 600 mV\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$_{rm pp, {mathrm{ diff}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000. The chip consumes power of 56 mW from 1.4 and 1.1-V supply.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"50-53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139573143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Fully Integrated, Automatically Generated DC–DC Converter Maintaining >75% Efficiency From 398 K Down to 23 K Across Wide Load Ranges in 12-nm FinFET","authors":"Anhang Li;Jeongsup Lee;Prashansa Mukim;Brian D. Hoskins;Pragya Shrestha;David Wentzloff;David Blaauw;Dennis Sylvester;Mehdi Saligane","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2023.3349129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2023.3349129","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a fully integrated recursive successive-approximation switched capacitor (RSC) DC–DC converter implemented using an automatic cell-based layout generation in 12-nm FinFET technology. A novel design methodology is demonstrated based on the theoretical analyses of the optimal energy operation of the switched-capacitor (SC) DC–DC converter and directly finds the optimal design parameters from the given input specifications. The converter maintains >75% efficiency across a vast range of output currents and temperatures. Our design targets voltage scaling for applications, such as cryo-computing, cryo-sensing, and parts of quantum computing, to achieve high-system power efficiency.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"42-45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139573141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peng Yan;Po-Hsuan Chang;Anirban Samanta;Mingye Fu;Yu Zhang;Mehmet Berkay On;Ankur Kumar;Hyungryul Kang;Il-Min Yi;Dedeepya Annabattuni;David Scott;Robert Patti;Yang-Hang Fan;Yuanming Zhu;S. J. Ben Yoo;Samuel Palermo
{"title":"A 25-Gb/s 3-D Direct Bond Silicon Photonic Receiver in 12-nm FinFET","authors":"Peng Yan;Po-Hsuan Chang;Anirban Samanta;Mingye Fu;Yu Zhang;Mehmet Berkay On;Ankur Kumar;Hyungryul Kang;Il-Min Yi;Dedeepya Annabattuni;David Scott;Robert Patti;Yang-Hang Fan;Yuanming Zhu;S. J. Ben Yoo;Samuel Palermo","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2023.3345252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2023.3345252","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a 25-Gb/s 3D-integrated optical receiver, which consists of an electronic integrated circuit (EIC) die fabricated in 12-nm FinFET technology and a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) die fabricated in AIM Photonics’ integrated photonic technology. EIC is flip-chip bonded to PIC through direct bond interconnect (DBI), allowing for significantly reduced parasitic. Except for reduced input-referred noise thanks to improvements in PIC and packaging, variable bandwidth transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with multistage feedback amplifier is utilized for further noise reduction and front-end bandwidth compensation for better full-link energy efficiency. This TIA is followed by a broadband amplifier with active inductor loading, dc cancellation loop, RC LPF generating the pseudo-differential signal, 4 quarter-rate slicers, and a 4-to-8 de-serializer. Measurements demonstrate −17.0-dBm optical modulation amplitude (OMA) sensitivity at 25 Gb/s with 2.12-mW receiver power and 2.66-mW receiver clocking power, which translates to 191.2 and 84.8 fJ/bit receiver energy efficiency, with and without per-channel injection-locked oscillator (ILO) power. Each receiver channel occupies \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$1560 mu {}text{m} ^{mathrm{ 2}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000. To the author’s best knowledge, it is the best OMA sensitivity, energy efficiency, and silicon area simultaneously achieved among published 25 Gb/s optical receivers.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"34-37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139488218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Ultralow-Power H.264/AVC Intra-Frame Image Compression Accelerator for Intelligent Event-Driven IoT Imaging Systems","authors":"Qirui Zhang;Hyochan An;Andrea Bejarano-Carbo;Hun-Seok Kim;David Blaauw;Dennis Sylvester","doi":"10.1109/LSSC.2023.3344699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSC.2023.3344699","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents an ultralow-power (ULP) H.264/AVC intra-frame image compression accelerator tailored for intelligent event-driven ULP IoT imaging systems. The H.264/AVC intra-frame codec is customized to enable compression of arbitrary nonrectangular change-detected regions. To optimize energy and latency from image memory accesses, novel algorithm-hardware co-designs are proposed for intra-frame predictions, reducing overhead for neighbor macroblock (McB) accesses by \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$2.6times $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 at a negligible quality loss. With split control for major processing phases, latency is optimized by exploiting data dependency and pipelining. Area and leakage of major computation units are reduced through data path micro-architecture reconfiguration. Fabricated in 40 nm, it occupies a mere 0.32 mm2 area with 4-kB SRAM. At 0.6 V and 153 kHz, it consumes only \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$1.21 {mu }text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, with 30.9 pJ/pixel compression energy efficiency that rivals state-of-the-art designs. For an event-driven IoT imaging system, the combination of the proposed accelerator and change detection brings \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$133times $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 reduction to the overall energy for regressing an image of change-detected region of interest.","PeriodicalId":13032,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters","volume":"7 ","pages":"30-33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139488220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}