Case Reports in Oncological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Recurrent Steroid-Responsive Exophthalmos as a Paraneoplastic Manifestation of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Yara E Tovar, Ahmed G Elsayed","doi":"10.1155/crom/5230454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/5230454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exophthalmos is most often associated with autoimmune thyroid disease, particularly Graves disease. Paraneoplastic syndromes rarely manifest as orbital inflammation, and only a few cases have been described in association with solid tumors. We present a case of a 67-year-old male diagnosed with esophageal cancer. Shortly after diagnosis, he developed rapidly progressive bilateral exophthalmos with ophthalmoplegia. Thyroid function and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin were normal, and MRI orbits demonstrated enlargement of extraocular muscles with apical crowding, consistent with inflammatory orbitopathy. Given the absence of thyroid disease, a paraneoplastic process was suspected. The patient was treated with prednisone 60 mg daily, tapered over 5 weeks, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms within 2 weeks. He underwent chemoradiation with interval improvement in the primary tumor. Several months later, disease progression occurred with new mediastinal and iliac lymphadenopathy, coinciding with recurrence of exophthalmos. A second course of corticosteroids again resulted in full remission of the orbital findings. This case highlights paraneoplastic exophthalmos as a rare manifestation of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The temporal association between tumor activity and orbital inflammation, coupled with steroid responsiveness, supports an immune-mediated mechanism. Recognition of this phenomenon is important to avoid misdiagnosis and to guide prompt corticosteroid therapy and oncologic management. In summary, exophthalmos is a very rare paraneoplastic finding. Workup needs to include brain imaging to exclude direct metastasis to the retro-orbital space. Immediate treatment for neoplastic disease is likely to resolve symptoms. High-dose steroids are effective in relieving symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5230454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13147345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal Emphysematous Tonsillopharyngitis With Laryngocele Involvement Revealing Acute Myeloid Leukemia M5 Subtype: A Previously Undescribed Presentation.","authors":"Somaya Al Kiswani, Mohammed Abduljabbar Abed, Hossam Salameh, Muna Shahwan, Omar Sawafta, Suhaib Eid, Fatena A H Ajlouni, Abdullah Nofal","doi":"10.1155/crom/7278748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/7278748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emphysematous infections in the tonsillopharyngeal area are exceptionally unique; this type of infection occurs in immunocompromised patients. Extramedullary disease can occur in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but oropharyngeal involvement is rare and diagnostically challenging. Furthermore, a laryngocele is defined as an abnormal dilation of the laryngeal saccule that is filled with air and fluid if infected. Although infections and cancers rarely extend to the laryngocele, they can be found in patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer. We describe a 65-year-old male presenting with progressive sore throat, halitosis, and airway compromise. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography demonstrated bilateral emphysematous tonsillitis with parapharyngeal extension, severe supraglottic narrowing, and rare secondary involvement of a laryngocele. Histopathology demonstrated diffuse infiltrates of atypical mononuclear cells with a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, irregular chromatin, and prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for CD45, CD33, CD68, and MPO, confirming extramedullary AML-M5 infiltration of the tonsils. This case illustrates a rare radiologic and oncologic occurrence and the necessity for developing a high index of suspicion for identifying atypical sources of gas-forming infections in the head-and-neck area that may result from a malignancy; consequently, prompt diagnosis and intervention should take place.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7278748"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13140299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic Bell's Palsy in a Patient With Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma Receiving Nab-Paclitaxel and Pregabalin: A Rare Clinical Observation.","authors":"Vaishanavi Bamane, Shrutika Thakre, Aditya Dhanawat, Ganesh Chepuri, Amit Joshi, Vikram Gota, Manjunath Nookala Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1155/crom/4818820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/4818820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chemotherapy drugs are known to cause peripheral neuropathy of varying severity. However, Bell's palsy, which is an acute lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy, is rarely observed in oncology patients receiving chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a case of Bell's palsy in a 74-year-old male metastatic lung adenocarcinoma patient while on treatment with nab-paclitaxel and pregabalin. Temporal association, diagnostic workup, and management are discussed in this case report to highlight the importance of differentiating neurological adverse effects in cancer therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most likely causative factor remained nab-paclitaxel-induced Bell's palsy in our patient. However, viral reactivation due to immunosuppression resulting from drug toxicity cannot be completely ruled out.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4818820"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Fam-Trastuzumab Deruxtecan-nxki in Treating ERBB2 Amplified Small Cell Lung Cancer Transformed From Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report.","authors":"Alan Schumann, Charisse Brown-Moran, Chung-Ting J Kou","doi":"10.1155/crom/8836862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/8836862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histological transformation from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recognized mechanism of resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), leading to poor prognosis and significant therapeutic challenges. We present a case of a 66-year-old female with de novo metastatic NSCLC harboring an EGFR mutation, RET rearrangement, and ERBB2 amplification, who experienced transformation to SCLC while on osimertinib. Subsequently, she exhibited primary refractory disease to both first-line platinum doublet with immunotherapy and second-line lurbinectedin. Given her transformed disease and continued ERBB2 amplification on next-generation sequencing (NGS), the patient was initiated on trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) at a dosage of 5.4 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks. The patient had minimal side effects and obtained a partial response with a progression-free survival (PFS) of 13.1 months, better than historically poor prognosis seen in transformed SCLC. This case underscores the potential role of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) directed therapies, such as T-DXd, in transformed SCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8836862"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chylous Ascites: A Rare Initial Presentation of High-Grade Follicular Lymphoma.","authors":"Rama Nada, Ani Gvajaia, Ali Raza, Mohammed Raji","doi":"10.1155/crom/5559043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/5559043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chylous ascites is an uncommon condition characterized by the accumulation of triglyceride-rich, milky fluid in the peritoneal cavity due to lymphatic disruption or obstruction. Although lymphoma is a leading cause of malignant chylous ascites, its occurrence as an initial presentation remains rare.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 69-year-old woman presented with a three-month history of postprandial abdominal pain, weight loss, anorexia, and dyspnea. Imaging revealed extensive abdominal and pelvic lymphadenopathy with bilateral pleural effusions. Diagnostic laparoscopy demonstrated milky peritoneal fluid, and fluid analysis confirmed chylous ascites (triglycerides, 1361 mg/dL). Lymph node biopsy demonstrated high-grade B-cell lymphoma with morphological features favoring follicular lymphoma. Immunohistochemistry revealed a markedly elevated Ki-67 proliferative index (> 90%), and genomic profiling identified pathogenic <i>EZH2</i> and <i>TET2</i> mutations with a high tumor mutational burden. According to the fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours (2022), these findings are most consistent with follicular lymphoma, a mature B-cell neoplasm with high-grade features. Given the high-output drainage and recent surgery, cytotoxic chemotherapy was deferred, and rituximab monotherapy was initiated. Rapid clinical improvement and decreased drain output allowed safe transition to standard R-CHOP therapy, achieving a complete metabolic response (Deauville score 2) after six cycles.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights chylous ascites as a rare but important presenting feature of lymphoma. Its recognition should prompt early histopathologic evaluation and multidisciplinary management. In selected postoperative or frail patients, rituximab monotherapy can serve as an effective bridge to full chemotherapy, facilitating recovery and improving outcomes. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment remain essential to prevent complications from lymphatic loss and to optimize prognosis in lymphoma-associated chylous ascites.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5559043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13136516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating Severe Ribociclib-Hepatotoxicity With Corticosteroids.","authors":"Julie Williamson, Maria Pletneva, Rebecca G Kim, Roma Bhatia","doi":"10.1155/crom/4222126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/4222126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ribociclib adds progression-free survival and overall survival benefit in combination with endocrine therapy for first-line treatment of advanced HR+ HER2- breast cancer; however, it comes with a risk of hepatotoxicity. There is guidance for monitoring liver function and holding the medication if hepatotoxicity arises. However, there is minimal guidance for management if withholding the medication alone is insufficient. We present a case of a woman with de novo metastatic HR+ HER2- breast cancer who developed grade 2 AST and ALT elevation after two cycles of ribociclib and anastrozole, which progressed over several weeks to Grade 4 hepatotoxicity despite holding the medication. Extensive evaluation revealed drug-induced liver injury from ribociclib as the cause. Ultimately, a long course of corticosteroids was initiated with remarkable response and resolution of transaminitis. An empiric trial of corticosteroids should be considered for patients with severe ongoing hepatotoxicity from CDK4/6 inhibitors despite cessation of the drug.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4222126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilocus Inherited Neoplasia Alleles Syndrome in a Patient With BRCA2-Associated Breast Cancer and MLH1-Related Lynch Syndrome.","authors":"Vaneza Avila-Rodriguez, Alejandro Ruiz-Patiño, Carlos Bonilla-Gonzalez, María Eugenia Manrique Acevedo, Patricia Lopez, Magda Jimena Vargas Diaz, Diego Rubio, María Alejandra Bravo Garzon, Sandra Franco, William Mantilla","doi":"10.1155/crom/3353129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/3353129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multilocus inherited neoplasia alleles syndrome (MINAS) is a rare but increasingly recognized entity characterized by germline pathogenic variants in multiple cancer susceptibility genes, leading to overlapping hereditary cancer syndromes. The growing use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and comprehensive genetic testing has increased MINAS detection, with an estimated 1.37% prevalence among hereditary cancer patients. Genes commonly implicated include BRCA1, BRCA2, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, APC, TP53, PTEN, and STK11, conferring a higher risk of multiple primary malignancies. We describe a case of a postmenopausal woman initially diagnosed with Stage IIIB luminal A breast carcinoma, who developed contralateral breast recurrence with supraclavicular and pulmonary metastases, responding completely to ribociclib and letrozole. Given her early-onset breast cancer, genetic testing of her hereditary cancer risk revealed BRCA2 and MLH1 germline variants, confirming MINAS syndrome. Subsequent evaluation identified colonic adenocarcinoma (Stage IIIB, MLH1/PMS2 deficiency), leading to total colectomy, hysterectomy, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Surveillance was proposed for colon cancer, while ribociclib and letrozole were continued for breast cancer. This case highlights the clinical complexity of MINAS syndrome. The comprehensive genomic profiling is critical for guiding targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and surgical decision-making, optimizing outcomes in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3353129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rescue Mastectomy in a Patient With Locally Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Severe Biochemical Hypothyroidism: A Multidisciplinary Ethical and Surgical Dilemma.","authors":"Nelson Buelvas","doi":"10.1155/crom/3822467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/3822467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe hypothyroidism is traditionally considered a contraindication to elective major surgery due to the risk of perioperative metabolic decompensation and myxedema coma. However, in oncologic settings, delaying surgery may result in irreversible loss of resectability and adverse outcomes. Evidence guiding surgical decision-making in patients with advanced cancer and severe endocrine dysfunction remains limited. We report the case of a patient with triple-negative breast cancer initially staged as IIA who discontinued neoadjuvant chemotherapy and subsequently developed rapid locoregional progression to stage IIIB. Despite reinduction with chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the tumor remained refractory, and rescue mastectomy was indicated as the only remaining oncologic option. Preoperative assessment unexpectedly revealed severe biochemical hypothyroidism with markedly elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and reduced free thyroxine, raising concern for perioperative metabolic decompensation and myxedema coma. Given the risk of permanent loss of operability associated with surgical delay and the prolonged time required to achieve full biochemical euthyroidism, a multidisciplinary decision was made to proceed with surgery after partial endocrine optimization using oral levothyroxine. Following extensive informed consent and anesthetic planning, rescue mastectomy with wide elliptical skin excision was performed without intraoperative or postoperative complications. The patient had an uneventful recovery, with negative surgical margins and no need for postoperative ventilatory support. This case highlights the challenges of managing severe biochemical hypothyroidism in time-sensitive oncologic surgery. When surgery represents the only viable therapeutic option, individualized multidisciplinary decision-making and shared risk assessment may justify proceeding despite incomplete metabolic optimization. Rescue surgery may be considered in carefully selected high-risk patients when the oncologic benefit outweighs the potential perioperative risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"3822467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pure Mucinous Breast Carcinoma: Integrating Molecular and Immunohistochemical Profiles for Accurate Diagnosis-A Case Report.","authors":"Hozaifa Hendi, Hasan Asjiee, Hamza Hendi, Batoul Obeid, Ahmad Alhaj","doi":"10.1155/crom/6760604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/6760604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mucinous carcinoma of the breast (MCB) is a rare histological subtype accounting for approximately 2% of all breast cancers, and it is characterized by abundant extracellular mucin production, indolent clinical behavior, and a favorable prognosis compared with other invasive breast carcinomas. Early and accurate recognition is essential due to its distinct pathological and immunohistochemical features.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 50-year-old woman with no significant medical or family history presented with a palpable mass in her right breast, so she underwent breast screening. The imaging revealed multiple irregular nodular lesions with clustered microcalcifications in the right breast (BI-RADS 4C), so she underwent a right modified radical mastectomy with axillary dissection. However, histopathological examination confirmed a well-differentiated pure mucinous carcinoma (> 90% mucinous component, Nottingham Grade I) without lymphovascular invasion or nodal metastasis (0/13). The tumor was ER/PR-positive, HER2-negative, with a low Ki-67 index (3%), and was completely excised with negative margins.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Pure MCB exhibits favorable biological behavior and excellent outcomes, particularly when accurately diagnosed through histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pure MCB is a rare, low-grade tumor with distinct pathological features. Accurate diagnosis and complete surgical excision are essential for optimal management, as patients typically achieve excellent long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6760604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13091230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observed Immune Response Following Histotripsy in Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Christopher Staley, Tahani Dakkak, Shane S Robinson, Nelson A Royall","doi":"10.1155/crom/4245816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/crom/4245816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Histotripsy is a novel, noninvasive, nonthermal tumor ablation therapy that uses focused ultrasound to mechanically disrupt tissue. Emerging evidence suggests that histotripsy may stimulate antitumor immune responses. To our knowledge, this is one of the first reported cases of histotripsy used in conjunction with systemic immunotherapy in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), resulting in an observed systemic immune response in nontarget lesions.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 63-year-old male with noncirrhotic, nonviral multifocal metastatic HCC was treated with combination systemic immunotherapy (atezolizumab plus bevacizumab), followed by targeted histotripsy ablation of hepatic Segment II lesions. Given the presence of extrahepatic metastatic disease, liver transplantation was not a viable option. Posthistotripsy imaging demonstrated a partial response in the targeted lesion but partial responses in multiple nontarget lesions. This radiographic response occurred after discontinuation of systemic therapy due to toxicity. The patient maintained excellent functional status and continues to undergo histotripsy treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the potential for histotripsy to elicit an abscopal-like immune response in metastatic HCC when combined with immunotherapy. Histotripsy may serve as a valuable adjunct to systemic therapy, particularly in patients unable to tolerate prolonged immunotherapy. Further studies are warranted to explore this potential synergy in controlled clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":9636,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Oncological Medicine","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4245816"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13090675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}