{"title":"A hemodynamic model of artery bypass graft considering microcirculation function","authors":"Fan He, Minru Li, Lu Hua, Tingting Guo","doi":"10.3233/bme-230145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230145","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:The incidence of arterial stenosis is increasing year by year. In order to better diagnose and treat arterial stenosis, numerical simulation technology has become a popular method. OBJECTIVE:A novel model is constructed to investigate the influence of microcirculation on the hemodynamicsof artery bypass graft. METHODS:In this paper, a severely narrow artery bypass graft model is considered. The geometric shape includes a narrow artery tube and a bypass graft of the same diameter with a 45° suture angle. The fluid-structure interaction model is considered by finite element numerical calculation, and the flow is simulated with microcirculation as the outlet boundary condition. The changes of blood flow velocity, pressure and wall shear stress are analyzed. RESULTS:The results show that blood almost entirely flows into the graft tube and there is no recirculation area at the anastomosis. CONCLUSION:The artery bypass graft model considering microcirculation function could simulate the physiological characteristics of blood flow more reasonably, and it provide helps for clinicians to diagnose and treat arterial stenosis.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140075869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaojiang Liu, Zongfeng Guo, Jun Li, Demo Wu, Zhongping Liu, Cheng Guan, Yixiang Guan, Xiaomin Lu
{"title":"Effect of gold-conjugated resveratrol nanoparticles on glioma cells and its underlying mechanism","authors":"Xiaojiang Liu, Zongfeng Guo, Jun Li, Demo Wu, Zhongping Liu, Cheng Guan, Yixiang Guan, Xiaomin Lu","doi":"10.3233/bme-230171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230171","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis. Although Resveratrol (Rsv) is known to have therapeutic effects on glioma, the effects of gold-conjugated resveratrol nanoparticles (Rsv-AuNPs) on glioma cells are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to investigate theeffects of Rsv-AuNPs on glioma cells and its underlying mechanism. METHOD:Human glioma cell line U87 was treated with different concentrations of Rsv-AuNPs. CCK-8, transwell, and wound healing assay were performed to measure the effects of Rsv-AuNPs on cell proliferation, invasion, and migration ability, respectively. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect the effects of Rsv-AuNPs on apoptosis. Changes of protein expressions related to proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis were measured by Western blot assay. In addition, the inhibitory role of Rsv-AuNPs in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was verified by using PI3K inhibitor LY294002. RESULTS:Rsv-AuNPs treatment significantly suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of U87 cells (all P < 0.05) and increased the apoptosis rate (P < 0.05). The changes of proteins related to proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis were consistent (all P < 0.05). Moreover, Rsv-AuNPs treatment significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and mTOR proteins in U87 cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:The present study found that Rsv-AuNPs inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of U87 cells and induced apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In the future, Rsv-AuNPs might be applied to the clinical treatment of glioma through more in-depth animal and clinical research.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140075491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation-guided development of advanced PID control algorithm for skin cooling in radiofrequency lipolysis","authors":"Binyu Wang, Lianru Zang, Yingxi Lu, Mengying Zhan, Tingting Sun, Yu Zhou, Chengli Song","doi":"10.3233/bme-230185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230185","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:The clinical outcomes of bipolar radiofrequency (RF) lipolysis, a prevalent non-invasive fat reduction procedure, hinge on the delicate balance between effective lipolysis and patient safety, with skin overheating and subsequent tissue damage as primary concerns. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate a novel bipolar radiofrequency lipolysis technique, safeguarding the skin through an innovative PID temperature control algorithm. METHODS:Utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software, a two-dimensional fat and skin tissue model was established, simulating various PID temperature control schemes. The crux of the simulation involved a comparative analysis of different PID temperatures at 45 °C, 50 °C, and 55 °C and constant power strategies, assessing their implications on skin temperature. Concurrently, a custom bipolar radiofrequency lipolysis device was developed, with ex vivo experiments conducted using porcine tissue for empirical validation. RESULTS:The findings indicated that with PID settings of Kp = 7, Ki = 2, and Kd = 0, and skin temperature control at 45 °C or 50 °C, the innovative PID-based epidermal temperature control strategy successfully maintained the epidermal temperature within a safe range. This maintenance was achieved without compromising the effectiveness of RF lipolysis, significantly reducing the risk of thermal damage to the skin layers. CONCLUSION:Our research confirms the substantial practical utility of this advanced PID-based bipolar RF lipolysis technique in clinical aesthetic procedures, enhancing patient safety during adipose tissue ablation therapies.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140165601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lipid index to quantify the absorbed lipids in retrieved UHMWPE components of joint arthroplasty","authors":"Hideyuki Sakoda, Yusuke Tsuboko, Yoshihiro Okamoto, Eiichi Yamamoto, Takashi Imagama, Takashi Sakai, Hidetoshi Hamada, Nobuhiko Sugano","doi":"10.3233/bme-230183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230183","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) component of artificial joints is one of the most important factors affecting the clinical outcomes of joint arthroplasty. Although the possibility of in vivo UHMWPE degradation caused by absorbed lipids has been reported, a quantitative evaluation of this phenomenon has not yet been performed. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to establish the lipid index (LI) as a quantitative indicator of the amount of absorbed lipids and the first step to quantify their effects on UHMWPE. METHODS:The LI was defined using the infrared spectrum obtained with a Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer and verified using the retrieved UHMWPE components. RESULTS:The LI was consistent with the amount of extract recovered in reflux extraction with hexane. In addition, the LI could replace lipid extraction for calculating the oxidation index (OI) because the value obtained by subtracting the LI from the OI showed good agreement with the OI obtained after lipid extraction. CONCLUSION:The LI represents the amount of lipids absorbed by UHMWPE and is useful for quantitatively evaluating the effects of lipids on UHMWPE. In addition, the LI enables OI measurements that are unaffected by absorbed lipids without requiring troublesome lipid-extraction procedures.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139551715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haibin Tang, Dimeng Wu, Zheng Liu, Xi Liu, Heng Yuan, Xiaosong Jin, Shuai Gao, Gang Chen
{"title":"Polyvinylpyrrolidone hydrogel coating for ureteral stent: Safety and performance evaluation","authors":"Haibin Tang, Dimeng Wu, Zheng Liu, Xi Liu, Heng Yuan, Xiaosong Jin, Shuai Gao, Gang Chen","doi":"10.3233/bme-230179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230179","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:Ureteral stents are commonly used in urology. However, complications such as encrustation and infection on the surface of the stent, and injury to the ureteral mucosa can occur after implantation, causing discomfort for patients. OBJECTIVE:We intend to confirm the biosafety of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) hydrophilic coating and its lubrication properties for surface modification of ureteral stents to reduce friction and improve patient comfort. METHODS:Based on our previous studies, we have developed a PVP hydrophilic coating for surface modification of ureteral stents. We firstly investigated the cytotoxicity, intradermal irritation, delayed type hypersensitivity, and acute systemic reactions of stent coating extracts. We further characterized the break strength, retention strength, and dynamic friction of the stent. RESULTS:The cell survival rate of all experimental groups was greater than 70%. No hypersensitivity reaction, systemic toxicity reaction, or obvious intradermal reaction were observed. The above results indicate that the test results of the modified stent meet the requirements of ISO 10993-5: 2009 (Cytotoxicity); ISO 10993-10:2021 (Sensitization and Irritation); ISO 10993-11:2017 (Acute Systemic Toxicity). After soaking in artificial urine for an extended period, there was no obvious change in its super-slip performance. CONCLUSION:Our results confirm the safety and lubrication characteristics of PVP hydrophilic coating for ureteral stent surface modification. The performance of this coating has the potential to reduce complications after stent implantation, thereby improving patient comfort, reducing medical burden, and has a good clinical application prospect.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"171 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139561990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yutao Zhang, Shu Du, Wurikaixi Aiyiti, Yong Teng, Ru Jia, Houfeng Jiang
{"title":"Customized design and biomechanical property analysis of 3D-printed tantalum intervertebral cages","authors":"Yutao Zhang, Shu Du, Wurikaixi Aiyiti, Yong Teng, Ru Jia, Houfeng Jiang","doi":"10.3233/bme-230154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230154","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:Intervertebral cages used in clinical applications were often general products with standard specifications, which were challenging to match with the cervical vertebra and prone to cause stress shielding and subsidence. OBJECTIVE:To design and fabricate customized tantalum (Ta) intervertebral fusion cages that meets the biomechanical requirements of the cervical segment. METHODS:The lattice intervertebral cages were customized designed and fabricated by the selective laser melting. The joint and muscle forces of the cervical segment under different movements were analyzed using reverse dynamics method. The stress characteristics of cage, plate, screws and vertebral endplate were analyzed by finite element analysis. The fluid flow behaviors and permeability of three lattice structures were simulated by computational fluid dynamics. Compression tests were executed to investigate the biomechanical properties of the cages. RESULTS:Compared with the solid cages, the lattice-filled structures significantly reduced the stress of cages and anterior fixation system. In comparison to the octahedroid and quaddiametral lattice-filled cages, the bitriangle lattice-filled cage had a lower stress shielding rate, higher permeability, and superior subsidence resistance ability. CONCLUSION:The inverse dynamics simulation combined with finite element analysis is an effective method to investigate the biomechanical properties of the cervical vertebra during movements.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139459721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibacterial effect of Ag-containing hydroxyapatite thin film fabricated by sputtering","authors":"K. Ozeki, Y. Nakajima","doi":"10.3233/bme-230131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/bme-230131","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND:Infections related to joint prosthesis are still a major concern for orthopedic surgeons. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a useful biocompatible material because of its good osteocompatibility. Antibacterial HA coatings have been fabricated with addition of antibacterial agents such as Ag to HA using the plasma spraying method. However, the plasma-sprayed HA coating suffers from fractures at large thicknesses. The sputter-coated HA thin film has a high density, and has been applied clinically for dental implants. However, there are no extensive studies on Ag-containing HA thin films. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to prepare an Ag-containing HA thin film by sputtering, and evaluate its antibacterial effect and cytotoxicity. METHODS:The Ag-containing HA thin films were prepared by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The films were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibacterial activities and cytotoxicities of the films were also evaluated. RESULTS:The Ag/Ca molar ratio of the films increased with the Ag ratio in the target. The SEM observation of the hydrothermally treated films showed surfaces covered with globular particles. All Ag-containing HA films exhibited an antibacterial effect against E. Coli. The number of cells of the films decreased with the Ag ratio. The films subjected to the hydrothermal treatment exhibited a higher number of cells than the as-sputtered films. CONCLUSION:The Ag-containing HA thin film was effective in terms of antibacterial effect, and had a low cytotoxicity in the proliferation of osteoblast cells at a low Ag ratio in the target.","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139102041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt by hemodynamic simulation.","authors":"Junjie Cao, Zhichao Yao, Guijun Huo, Zhanao Liu, Yao Tang, Jian Huang, Minxin Chen, Rui Ding, Liming Shen, Dayong Zhou","doi":"10.3233/BME-230020","DOIUrl":"10.3233/BME-230020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), which artificially creates a portocaval shunt to reduce portal venous pressure, has gradually become the primary treatment for portal hypertension (PH). However, there is no prefect shunting scheme in TIPS to balance the occurrence of postoperative complications and effective haemostasis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To construct cirrhotic PH models and compare different shunting schemes in TIPS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three cases of cirrhotic PH with different liver volumes were selected for enhanced computed tomography scanning. The models for different shunting schemes were created using Mimics software, and following FLUENT calculation, all the models were imported into the software computational fluid dynamic-post for processing. In each shunting scheme, the differences in portal vein pressure, hepatic blood perfusion and blood flow from the superior mesenteric vein in the shunt tract were compared. The coefficient G was adapted to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) Concerning the precise location of the shunt tract, the wider the diameter of the shunt tract, the lower the pressure of the portal vein and the lesser the hepatic blood perfusion. Meanwhile, the pressure drop objective was not achieved with the 6 mm-diameter shunting scheme. (2) The 8 mm-diameter shunting scheme through the left portal vein (LPV) had the highest coefficient G.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 8 mm-diameter shunting scheme through the LPV may demonstrate a superior effect and prognosis in TIPS procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":" ","pages":"27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9912197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiao Zhang, Huili Fu, Yunfei Zhang, Liang Li, Guoping Yan
{"title":"Rapidly degradable konjac glucomannan hydrogels cross-linked with olsalazine for colonic drug release.","authors":"Qiao Zhang, Huili Fu, Yunfei Zhang, Liang Li, Guoping Yan","doi":"10.3233/BME-230066","DOIUrl":"10.3233/BME-230066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polysaccharide hydrogel is one of the most important materials for the colon target drug release system. However, the degradation time of polysaccharide hydrogel is much longer than the retention time in the colon. The drugs are expelled from the body before being released.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In order to match the degradation of drug carriers and their retention time in the colon, a rapidly degradable konjac glucomannan (KGM) hydrogel was designed for colon target drug release.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A crosslinker containing azo bond, olsalazine, was used to prepare the rapidly degradable KGM hydrogel. The degradation and drug release of the hydrogels with different crosslinking densities in the normal buffer and the human fecal medium were studied to evaluate the efficiency of colon drug release.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More than 50% of the KGM hydrogel by weight was degraded and more than 60% of the 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) was released within 48 h in 5% w/v human fecal medium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The drug was released more rapidly in a simulated colon environment than in a normal buffer. Furthermore, the drug release was controlled by the degradation of the hydrogel. The KGM hydrogel containing azo crosslinker has great potential for colon drug release.</p>","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":" ","pages":"125-137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10651986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial preference behavior of robo-pigeons induced by electrical stimulus targeting fear nuclei.","authors":"Yanna Ping, Huanhuan Peng, Yongjun Zhu, Yuhao Feng, Yexin Zhang, Xiaomin Qi, Xinyu Liu","doi":"10.3233/BME-240048","DOIUrl":"10.3233/BME-240048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous studies have confirmed that stimulating the mid-brain motor nuclei can regulate movement forcibly for robo-pigeons, but research on behavior modulation using non-motor nuclei is scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we constructed a spatial preference behavior by stimulating the stratum griseum periventriculare (SGP), a nucleus correlated with fear and escape, for robo-pigeons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was carried out in a square-enclosed experimental field, with a designated box serving as the 'safe' area for the robo-pigeons. If the robo-pigeon exits this area, the SGP will be stimulated. After a brief training period, the robo-pigeons will have a clear spatial preference for the box.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The result from five pigeons has shown that, after simple training, the animals develop a spatial preference for the box. They can quickly return to the box in any situation when the SGP is stimulated, with a success rate exceeding 80% (89.0 ± 6.5%). Moreover, this behavior is highly stable and remains consistent, unaffected by changes in the location of the box or the interference box.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results prove that using the electrical stimulus could enable animals to accomplish more complex tasks. It may offer a novel approach to regulating pigeon behavior and further advance the study of cyborg animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9109,"journal":{"name":"Bio-medical materials and engineering","volume":" ","pages":"465-474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141598397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}