Journal of Nanoparticle Research最新文献

{"title":"Room-temperature detection of harmful gases: a comprehensive review of metal oxide nanostructured chemiresistive sensors","authors":"Deepak S.,&nbsp;Anilkumar P.,&nbsp;Jasmin J.,&nbsp;Preetha S.","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06428-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06428-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent advancements in science and technology have revolutionized day-to-day life and provided numerous benefits but also posed potential risks, particularly in environmental settings. One of the most important concerns is the growing environmental pollution, a byproduct of industrialization and population extension. The release of harmful gases and non-biodegradable dyes is rapidly escalating, endangering ecosystems and public health. All condemn pollution control strategies, and chemical sensors play a pivotal role in detecting and mitigating toxic substances. The chemiresistive sensors are particularly noteworthy for their widespread use in real-time implementation due to their excellent sensitivity, selectivity, compact device, and ease of fabrication. Metal oxide semiconductors (MOS), including zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO₂), and tungsten oxide (WO₃), are frequently employed for gas sensing due to their high sensitivity and adaptability. The effectiveness of MOS-based sensors can be enhanced by altering factors like crystal structure, synthesis methods, dopants, and temperature. Gas sensors based on MOS technology at room temperature are integral in diverse sectors such as environmental monitoring, healthcare diagnostics, and industrial safety. Understanding the factors that influence gas sensor performance, such as grain size, temperature, and material morphology, is essential for developing more efficient, selective, and reliable sensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical catalysts for nitrogen reduction: progress, challenges, and sustainable solutions","authors":"Pramod Jadhav,&nbsp;Prakash Bhuyar,&nbsp;Abu Hasnat Mustafa,&nbsp;Izan Izwan Misnon,&nbsp;Mohd Hasbi Ab Rahim,&nbsp;Rasidi Roslan","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06434-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06434-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrochemical nitrogen reduction (NR) is a promising pathway for sustainable ammonia (NH₃) production, crucial for reducing reliance on fossil fuels and mitigating climate change. Various methods and advanced materials have been used to accelerate the NR reaction rate. However, the long-term sustainability and economic feasibility of many catalytic materials remain insufficiently studied. This review examines the roles of various catalysts, including metal-based, homogeneous, and heterogeneous catalysts, in facilitating NR reactions. The integration of advanced materials, such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and photocatalytic nanoparticles, is discussed for their potential to enhance catalytic efficiency. The review highlights the importance of life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economic analysis (TEA) in evaluating the environmental and economic feasibility of NR processes. It also addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with green synthesis methods and large-scale application of MOFs. Future directions emphasise the need for interdisciplinary research, artificial intelligence (AI) advancements, and innovative energy storage solutions. This comprehensive analysis aims to guide the development of efficient, scalable, and sustainable NR technologies for a carbon–neutral future.</p>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-025-06434-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoluminescent and thermo-optical properties of polymeric films doped with carbon dots derived from methyl red","authors":"Lavínia M. Braga,&nbsp;Raul L. Ferreira,&nbsp;Lucas S. Ferreira,&nbsp;Italo N. de Oliveira","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06440-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06440-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study investigates the effects of carbon dots on the photoluminescent, thermo-optical, and wetting properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films. By doping PVA with carbon dots derived from methyl red (CD-MR) at different concentrations, fluorescent nanocomposite films are obtained, which exhibit mechanical and wetting properties similar to those of pristine PVA films. Regarding the spectral properties, our results show that the confinement in a polymeric matrix leads to significant changes in the absorption and fluorescence spectra of such carbon dots, where a substantial hypsochromic shift is observed in the CD-MR photoluminescence. Using the time-resolved z-scan technique, the thermo-optical properties of nanocomposite films are also investigated. The CD-MR addition induces a self-defocusing behavior in PVA films, with the thermo-optical coefficient increasing as the concentration of guest nanoparticles is enhanced. Additionally, a gradual reduction in the thermal diffusivity of PVA films is observed, indicating that the addition of nanoparticles affects heat transport in polymeric samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional tuning of ZIF-8 nanoparticles via zinc salt variation and ligand ratio for enhanced drug delivery","authors":"Derya Mete,&nbsp;Gülşah Şanlı-Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06424-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06424-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The clinical application of doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, is limited by systemic toxicity, rapid clearance, and the development of multidrug resistance. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), particularly zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), have emerged as promising nanocarriers to overcome these limitations due to their high drug-loading capacity, pH-responsive release profiles, and favorable biocompatibility. Among them, ZIF-8 is especially attractive for its ability to selectively release drugs in acidic tumor microenvironments. However, the physicochemical and biological properties of ZIF-8 are highly sensitive to synthesis parameters, particularly the choice of zinc salt precursor and the Zn²⁺:ligand molar ratio. In this study, we systematically investigated the effects of four zinc salts (zinc nitrate, zinc acetate, zinc chloride, and zinc bromide) and three Zn²⁺:2-methylimidazole molar ratios (1:35, 1:70, and 1:200) on the synthesis, drug-loading efficiency, release behavior, and anticancer activity of DOX-loaded ZIF-8 (DOX@ZIF-8) nanoparticles. The resulting nanocarriers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. pH-responsive DOX release was evaluated under physiological (pH 7.4) and acidic (pH 5.0) conditions. Cytotoxicity was assessed in A549 lung cancer cells via the MTT assay. Additionally, in vitro time-lapse live-cell imaging and wound healing assays were conducted to evaluate intracellular drug uptake and cellular responses. Our findings highlight the critical influence of zinc salt selection and ligand ratio on the structure–property–function relationships of ZIF-8, providing valuable insights for the rational design of MOF-based nanocarriers in targeted cancer therapy.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon dots modified by Schiff base and corrosion inhibition properties and mechanism","authors":"Zhongxu Cai,&nbsp;Yubin Su,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Xiaoya Feng,&nbsp;Ruiquan Liao","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06439-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06439-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional corrosion inhibitors face limitations in sustainable development due to high costs, significant environmental toxicity, poor degradability, and inadequate dispersibility. Although environmentally friendly carbon dots corrosion inhibitors hold potential as alternatives, their precise and controllable syntheses, as well as high yield, remain challenging due to existing technical bottlenecks. This study employs a “synthesis-modification” stepwise approach. Initially, a basic nitrogen-doped carbon dots corrosion inhibitor (N-CDS1) was synthesized. Subsequently, the target product, N-CDS2, was obtained through functionalization with Schiff base groups. By decoupling the complexity of the synthesis pathway, the challenge of precise structural control of carbon dots was overcome, with a yield of 62.5% for N-CDS2 in the second step. The structural and corrosion inhibition properties of N-CDS2 were characterized using a combination of advanced analytical techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electrochemical testing, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterization results confirmed that N-CDS2 retains its carbon dot structure after functionalization and incorporates Schiff base functional groups. At a concentration of 90 mg/L, N-CDS2 demonstrated a corrosion inhibition efficiency of 98.56% for N80 steel in 1 M HCl at room temperature, significantly outperforming N-CDS1 (78.15% efficiency), which lacks Schiff base modification. The corrosion inhibition mechanism of N-CDS2 involves both anodic and cathodic suppression, with thermodynamic analysis indicating a mixed adsorption behavior that follows the Langmuir isotherm model. This study not only advances the practical application of carbon dots materials in the field of corrosion protection but also provides an innovative solution for the green transformation of industrial metal protection techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staphylococcus aureus–directed liposome for targeted chemotherapy against infection—evaluation of affinity and antibacterial activity","authors":"Koki Ogawa,&nbsp;Ayumi Nishi,&nbsp;Naoki Umezawa,&nbsp;Tsunehiko Higuchi,&nbsp;Tetsuya Ozeki","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06435-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06435-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a bacterium well known to cause respiratory infections. Recently, drug delivery via inhalation has garnered attention as a potential route of antibiotic administration owing to its ability to minimize systemic side effects. Liposomal antibiotics can enhance the local drug concentration in the lungs, enable controlled release, and improve biofilm penetration, thereby enhancing efficacy and reducing side effects. However, administration of conventional liposomal formulations for inhalation leads to nonspecific distribution outside the infection site. Accordingly, we developed <i>S. aureus</i>–targeted liposomes with CARG peptides, capable of selectively binding <i>S. aureus</i>, present on the liposome surface. Liposomal surface modification with the CARG peptide via a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer selectively increased the affinity toward <i>S. aureus</i>, specifically a 1.6-fold enhanced binding with <i>S. aureus</i>, whereas no such increased binding was observed with <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> under suspension-culture conditions. Furthermore, CARG liposomes efficiently permeated biofilms owing to the presence of PEG and demonstrated high affinity for <i>S. aureus</i> in biofilms. The antimicrobial activity of CARG liposomes tended to be enhanced when applied to rifampicin-loaded liposomes. These results suggest that the modification of the CARG peptide on the liposomal surface can enhance the targeting ability of <i>S. aureus</i> and its antimicrobial activity.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-yield extraction of nanocellulose using hydrated formic acid/choline chloride deep eutectic solvent and high-shear homogenization (HDES/HSF)","authors":"Bariami Wafae,&nbsp;Yamani Abdelmounaim,&nbsp;Mehraj Ahmad,&nbsp;Tingting Li","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06430-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06430-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanocellulose (NC) is known for its excellent physicochemical properties. However, scalable, efficient, and cost-effective production methods remain a significant challenge. This study investigates a novel synergistic approach that combines a hydrated formic acid/choline chloride deep eutectic solvent (HDES) with a high-shear force homogenization (HSF). The dual-treatment system (HDES/HSF) achieved an impressive NC yield of 97.8 ± 0.3% within 2 h, and 86.9 ± 1.2% in just 0.5 h, significantly reducing the process time compared to conventional methods. Morphological characterization confirmed the efficacy of the treatment: TEM and FESEM images revealed uniform, rod-like nanocellulose fibrils with diameters decreasing from 36.9 ± 12.3 nm to 14.6 ± 3.7 nm, and an average aspect ratio of 11.31. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated the retention of the Cellulose I crystal structure, as evidenced by prominent peaks at 14.8°, 16.5° and 22.6°, with a high crystallinity index of 81.01% observed after 0.5 h of treatment. FTIR spectra confirmed the preservation of the cellulose backbone, while the appearance of a new ester carbonyl peak at 1720 cm⁻¹ indicated partial esterification induced by HDES. Thermal analysis showed enhanced thermal stability of the resulting NC, with a maximum decomposition temperature (<i>Td</i>) of 335 ℃. Rheological tests revealed increased shear viscosities and improved viscoelastic behavior, underscoring the material’s potential for advanced applications. This study highlights the effectiveness of the eco-friendly HDES/HSF system as a sustainable, cost-efficient, and high-performance strategy for producing structurally intact and thermally stable NC suitable for large-scale applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shedding light on the structure of silver nanoparticles with promising properties for nano-oncology","authors":"Jesús A. Serrato-Barragan,&nbsp;Francisco Casillas-Figueroa,&nbsp;Roberto Luna-Vázquez-Gómez,&nbsp;Balam Ruiz-Ruiz,&nbsp;D. Garibo,&nbsp;Ana G. Rodríguez-Hernández,&nbsp;Alexey Pestryakov,&nbsp;Nina Bogdanchikova","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06436-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06436-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nowadays, nanomedicine has been a highly explored area for finding potential solutions to global public health problems. In nanomedicine, silver nanoparticles are the most studied nanoparticles due to their excellent antibacterial, fungicidal, antiviral, and anticancer properties. Recently, our research group has revealed some extraordinary properties that significantly impact nano-cancerology for specific commercial ArgovitTM AgNP formulations. It was shown that they (1) are 2 to 200 times (on average 52 times) more active than the other 16 AgNP formulations studied earlier in inhibiting the growth of 7 cancer cell lines, and (2) they selectively inhibit the growth of cancer cells with the selectivity index reaching 16. Results of the present work obtained with HRTEM, DLS, UV-visible spectroscopy, and electrophoresis indicate that the structure of AgNP of the ArgovitTM formulation family is atypical, which cannot be explained from the point of view of the structure of usual AgNPs (Ag cores surrounded by stabilizer molecules). It was hypothesized that these matrices can be represented by nano- and microgels formed by the stabilizer. The formation of these atypical structures can cause their remarkable biomedical properties, which are highly desirable for nano-oncology. These results represent the first step towards shedding light on the structure of AgNPs of the ArgovitTM formulation family.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-025-06436-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoexcitation of Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with visible light for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans","authors":"Ricardo Lozano-Rosas,&nbsp;José J. Ruíz-Osorio,&nbsp;Rubén Ramos-García,&nbsp;Rutilo Silva-González,&nbsp;Teresita Spezzia-Mazzocco,&nbsp;María Josefina Robles-Águila","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06432-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06432-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The emergence of antifungal resistance emphasizes the need for alternative therapies such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT). This study evaluates the APDT efficacy of silver-doped titanium dioxide (Ag–TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) against <i>Candida albicans</i> under blue-, green-, and red-light irradiation. Ag–TiO₂ NPs were synthesized via the sol–gel method and structurally and optically characterized. Among the tested conditions, blue-light irradiation of TiO₂:Ag2 at 31.75 µg/ml, a concentration within the low range compared to previously reported studies, achieved the highest APDT total efficacy that was of 60%. The overall inhibition efficacy gradually decreased as the doping concentration increased. Additionally, in this study, cellular inactivation was observed for the first time using red-light-mediated APDT against <i>C. albicans</i> with doped TiO₂. Based on these findings, we conclude that Ag-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles with low doping concentrations can be effective under visible light conditions, showing potential clinical relevance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-025-06432-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the stability and supercooling behavior of liquid metal nanofluids","authors":"Zhenyu Lv,&nbsp;Weijie Zhong,&nbsp;Yuliang Wei,&nbsp;Yudong Liu,&nbsp;Jiayi Liu,&nbsp;Chaobo Li,&nbsp;Zongheng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06429-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06429-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research on water-based Ga-In-Sn nanofluids remains scarce despite their promising properties. This study utilizes the exceptional thermal conductivity, stability, and fluidity of gallium-indium-tin (Ga-In-Sn) alloy to develop nanofluids with deionized water as the base fluid and low-melting-point Ga-In-Sn alloy as the dispersed phase. We systematically investigate factors influencing their stability and supercooling behavior. The nanofluids were prepared using a two-step method combined with ultrasonic treatment. Stability was evaluated through sedimentation observation, dynamic light scattering (DLS) particle size analysis, and zeta potential measurements, while supercooling was assessed using temperature-time curves. Findings show that stability depends on Ga-In-Sn concentration, ultrasonic duration, and dispersant type, with optimal stability achieved at a 0.2% concentration and 80-min ultrasonication, particularly with the cationic dispersant CTAB. Supercooling is influenced by nanoparticle concentration and ultrasonic duration, with a 59.05% reduction compared to water at a 0.25% concentration and 80-min ultrasonication. However, dispersants slightly increase supercooling due to changes in interfacial tension. Theoretical calculations reveal that these nanofluids have significantly higher heterogeneous nucleation rates than deionized water, reaching 3.57 × 10³³ cm⁻³·s⁻¹ at 10 °C supercooling—1.14 × 10²⁰⁶ times greater than that of water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}