Photoexcitation of Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with visible light for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

IF 2.6 4区材料科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Nanoparticle Research Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI:10.1007/s11051-025-06432-w

Ricardo Lozano-Rosas, José J. Ruíz-Osorio, Rubén Ramos-García, Rutilo Silva-González, Teresita Spezzia-Mazzocco, María Josefina Robles-Águila

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Abstract

The emergence of antifungal resistance emphasizes the need for alternative therapies such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT). This study evaluates the APDT efficacy of silver-doped titanium dioxide (Ag–TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) against Candida albicans under blue-, green-, and red-light irradiation. Ag–TiO₂ NPs were synthesized via the sol–gel method and structurally and optically characterized. Among the tested conditions, blue-light irradiation of TiO₂:Ag2 at 31.75 µg/ml, a concentration within the low range compared to previously reported studies, achieved the highest APDT total efficacy that was of 60%. The overall inhibition efficacy gradually decreased as the doping concentration increased. Additionally, in this study, cellular inactivation was observed for the first time using red-light-mediated APDT against C. albicans with doped TiO₂. Based on these findings, we conclude that Ag-doped TiO₂ nanoparticles with low doping concentrations can be effective under visible light conditions, showing potential clinical relevance.

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ag掺杂TiO2纳米粒子可见光光激发对白色念珠菌的抗菌光动力治疗

抗真菌耐药性的出现强调需要替代疗法，如抗菌光动力疗法（APDT）。本研究评估了银掺杂二氧化钛（Ag-TiO 2）纳米颗粒（NPs）在蓝光、绿光和红光照射下对白色念珠菌的APDT效果。采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了ag - tio2纳米粒子，并对其进行了结构和光学表征。在测试条件中，蓝光照射TiO₂：Ag2的浓度为31.75µg/ml，与先前报道的研究相比处于较低的范围，达到了最高的APDT总疗效，为60%。随着掺杂浓度的增加，整体抑制效果逐渐降低。此外，在本研究中，首次使用掺杂TiO 2的红光介导的APDT对白色念珠菌进行了细胞失活观察。基于这些发现，我们得出结论，低掺杂浓度的ag掺杂tio2纳米颗粒在可见光条件下是有效的，具有潜在的临床意义。

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来源期刊

Journal of Nanoparticle Research 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

4.00%

发文量

198

审稿时长

3.9 months

期刊介绍： The objective of the Journal of Nanoparticle Research is to disseminate knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological phenomena and processes in structures that have at least one lengthscale ranging from molecular to approximately 100 nm (or submicron in some situations), and exhibit improved and novel properties that are a direct result of their small size. Nanoparticle research is a key component of nanoscience, nanoengineering and nanotechnology. The focus of the Journal is on the specific concepts, properties, phenomena, and processes related to particles, tubes, layers, macromolecules, clusters and other finite structures of the nanoscale size range. Synthesis, assembly, transport, reactivity, and stability of such structures are considered. Development of in-situ and ex-situ instrumentation for characterization of nanoparticles and their interfaces should be based on new principles for probing properties and phenomena not well understood at the nanometer scale. Modeling and simulation may include atom-based quantum mechanics; molecular dynamics; single-particle, multi-body and continuum based models; fractals; other methods suitable for modeling particle synthesis, assembling and interaction processes. Realization and application of systems, structures and devices with novel functions obtained via precursor nanoparticles is emphasized. Approaches may include gas-, liquid-, solid-, and vacuum-based processes, size reduction, chemical- and bio-self assembly. Contributions include utilization of nanoparticle systems for enhancing a phenomenon or process and particle assembling into hierarchical structures, as well as formulation and the administration of drugs. Synergistic approaches originating from different disciplines and technologies, and interaction between the research providers and users in this field, are encouraged.