Journal of Nanoparticle Research最新文献

{"title":"Rotor–stator shear processing for recovery of aggregated perovskite nanocrystal dispersions","authors":"Mao Goto,&nbsp;Takumi Muromoto,&nbsp;Yuka Horie,&nbsp;Takuro Iizuka,&nbsp;Takashi Nagata,&nbsp;Fuwa Komatsu,&nbsp;Rinku Watanabe,&nbsp;Satoshi Asakura,&nbsp;Motofumi Kashiwagi,&nbsp;Akito Masuhara","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06784-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06784-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) are solution-processable materials possessing excellent optical properties that can be exploited for a wide range of optoelectronic applications. However, the colloidal stability of PeNCs remains a practical challenge, and PeNC aggregation during post-synthetic processing or storage hinders subsequent dispersion and material recovery. Ligand engineering and other chemical stabilization strategies have been widely developed to improve PeNC stability; however, the redispersion of already aggregated PeNCs without intentional ligand modification remains underexplored. Herein, we investigate rotor–stator processing as a mechanical approach for redispersing aggregated formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr₃) nanocrystals and compare its performance with that of ultrasonic treatment and vortex mixing. Under a fixed 30 s processing protocol, rotor–stator treatment increased the fraction of Pb-containing PeNC material remaining in the supernatant after standardized centrifugation while largely retaining the measured optical and photophysical characteristics. In methylcyclohexane (MCH), the Pb-based colloidally stable recovery yield reached 58.13 ± 4.08%, compared with 18.35 ± 1.88% after ultrasonic treatment under matched solvent, sample volume, treatment time, and post-treatment centrifugation conditions. The Pb detected in the recovered supernatant is expected to originate predominantly from the Pb-containing PeNC material after the removal of soluble reaction components during the initial purification step. After 31 days of storage, the rotor–stator-processed MCH dispersion retained 84% of its initial nanocrystal concentration and 96% of its initial photoluminescence quantum yield. These results demonstrate that rotor–stator processing can provide a mechanical route for recovering colloidally suspended material from aggregated PeNC dispersions without intentional ligand exchange or additional ligand addition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted photodegradation of ciprofloxacin on imprinted bismuth ferrite with improved catalytic performance","authors":"Jedidiah Solomon Onwubiko,&nbsp;Yangrui Xu,&nbsp;Xinyang Li,&nbsp;Yu Cheng,&nbsp;Liguang Tang,&nbsp;Xinlin Liu,&nbsp;Jie Jin,&nbsp;Ziyang Lu","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06781-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06781-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The targeted photodegradation of persistent antibiotics in complex environmental water matrices and the enhancement of charge separation efficiency are key objectives in photocatalytic research, yet traditional materials often face limitations in both selectivity and carrier dynamics. To address these challenges, a molecularly imprinted BiFeO₃ (I-BFO) catalyst was fabricated via a molecular imprinting strategy. Relative to pristine BiFeO₃ (BFO), the I-BFO catalyst achieved a 2.52-fold increase in the degradation rate of ciprofloxacin (CIP). In competitive degradation tests, I-BFO exhibited preferential degradation of CIP over tetracycline (TC), with a selectivity coefficient (<i>K</i>) of 1.79 relative to BFO, indicating enhanced recognition specificity toward the template molecule. The I-BFO catalyst retained approximately 90.0% of its initial degradation efficiency after five successive cycles, demonstrating ideal stability and reusability. Radical scavenging experiments revealed that photogenerated holes (h⁺) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) are the primary reactive species governing CIP degradation. Overall, this work provides an experimental foundation for the selective removal of antibiotics from wastewater and contributes to the development of advanced photocatalytic materials for environmental remediation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of N-bound organic moiety in lead(II) dithiocarbamates on morphology and optical properties of photocatalytically active lead sulfide nanoparticles","authors":"Gandhikrishnan Gokul,&nbsp;Vijayakumar Uthiravel,&nbsp;Subbiah Thirumaran","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06777-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06777-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A single-source precursor approach has been utilized for the preparation of lead sulfide nanoparticles with various phases, sizes, and shapes, using lead(II) dithiocarbamate complexes. Three new precursor complexes bis(N-hexyl-N-(1H-indole-3-yl-methyl)dithiocarbamato-S,S’)lead(II) (<b>1</b>), bis(N-dodecyl-N-(4-dimethylaminobenzyl)dithiocarbamato-S,S’)lead(II) (<b>2</b>) and bis(N-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N-(2-phenylethyl))dithiocarbamato-S,S’)lead(II) (<b>3</b>) have been prepared and characterized using infrared (IR), Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (¹H and ¹³C) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. IR and NMR spectral studies of complexes <b>1–3</b> confirmed that the dithiocarbamate ligands coordinate in a bidentate manner through the sulfur atoms. The decomposition of complexes <b>1–3</b> using the reflux method, in the presence of ethylenediamine as a capping agent, yielded single-phase PbS nanoparticles. Lead sulfides prepared from complexes <b>1–3</b> are represented as PbS-1, PbS-2 and PbS-3, respectively. The crystalline phase of the nanoparticles was established to be face-centered cubic structure. The optical properties and the morphology of the as-prepared nanoparticles were studied by ultraviolet–visible diffused reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. FESEM analysis shows that the N-bound organic moiety in complexes <b>1–3</b> significantly influences the morphology of lead sulfide nanoparticles. The photocatalytic activities of lead sulfides were evaluated through the photodegradation of an aqueous solution of methylene blue (MB) under UV irradiation. Among the three PbS catalysts (PbS-1, PbS-2 and PbS-3), PbS-3 exhibited higher degradation efficiency (92%) against MB dye. The effect of different parameters such as pH, initial dye concentration and photocatalytic dose was examined. The nanocatalysts exhibited good recyclability over four cycles. Radical scavenger experiments indicated that hydroxyl radicals<b> (</b>^•OH) acted as the dominant reactive species for dye degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ag- and Ni-modified chrysanthemum-like Co3O4 microstructures for enhanced photoelectrocatalytic degradation of methyl orange","authors":"Mehmet Koray Çelik,&nbsp;Taner Tekin,&nbsp;Hakan Kızıltaş","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06783-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06783-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chrysanthemum-like Co₃O₄ microstructures were synthesized via a hydrothermal method followed by calcination and subsequently modified with Ag- and Ni-containing surface species. The structural, morphological, surface chemical, and optical properties of the prepared materials were characterized using SEM–EDS, TEM, XRD, FTIR, XPS, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. XRD analysis confirmed cubic spinel Co₃O₄ as the predominant crystalline cobalt oxide phase, while SEM and TEM observations showed that the hierarchical chrysanthemum-like morphology was largely retained after surface modification. EDS and XPS analyses confirmed the presence of Ag- and Ni-containing species on the corresponding modified Co₃O₄ surfaces. The catalytic performance of the electrodes was comparatively evaluated under electrocatalytic (EC), photocatalytic (PC), and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) conditions using methyl orange (MO) as a model pollutant. Under PEC conditions, pristine Co₃O₄, Ni-modified Co₃O₄, and Ag-modified Co₃O₄ achieved MO removal efficiencies of approximately 61.0%, 67.5%, and 77.5%, respectively, after 120 min. Among the investigated electrodes, the Ag-modified Co₃O₄ electrode exhibited the highest PEC performance. Although surface modification resulted in changes in the optical response, the enhanced PEC activity cannot be attributed solely to variations in light absorption or apparent optical transition energy. Overall, modification with Ag-containing surface species effectively enhanced the PEC performance of chrysanthemum-like Co₃O₄ under the investigated conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of thermoresponsive PNIPAM-coated hollow bimetallic nanocomposites for photothermal-enhanced drug delivery and chemo-photothermal therapy","authors":"Sofía Tovar,&nbsp;Brenda Velasco,&nbsp;Adriana Cambón,&nbsp;Roberto Carlos Carrillo-Torres,&nbsp;Pablo Taboada","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06779-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06779-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hybrid nanocomposites based on thermoresponsive polymers and plasmonic nanostructures offer versatile platforms for combined therapeutic applications. In this work, we report the design and synthesis of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-functionalized hollow bimetallic nanoparticles (HBNPs) as multifunctional nanoplatforms for combined chemo-photothermal therapy and stimuli-responsive drug delivery. HBNPs were obtained via galvanic replacement using silver nanoparticles as sacrificial templates, followed by controlled coating with PNIPAM to generate thermoresponsive hybrid nanocomposites.The resulting systems exhibited strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption and efficient photothermal conversion, enabling localized heating and reversible thermal modulation of the polymer network. The nanocomposites demonstrated efficient loading of doxorubicin (DOXO) and pH-dependent release behavior, reaching cumulative release values of 84% at pH 5.5 and 76% at pH 7.4 after 24 h. NIR irradiation did not act as a primary trigger for release but significantly enhanced the release rate, increasing the total released fraction to 90% within the same period due to photothermally induced collapse of the PNIPAM shell. In vitro studies showed low intrinsic cytotoxicity of the nanocomposites and efficient cellular uptake in HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. DOXO-loaded systems exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity compared to free drug, which was further amplified under NIR irradiation due to the combined effects of localized hyperthermia and accelerated intracellular drug release. Overall, these results demonstrate that the rational design of PNIPAM-coated hollow bimetallic nanoparticles enables a synergistic chemo-photothermal platform with thermoresponsive behavior and photothermally enhanced drug delivery, highlighting their potential for controlled and efficient cancer therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the sensing limits of GQD-based chemiresistive sensor for lung cancer VOC detection","authors":"P. Sarumathi Alias Ishwariya,&nbsp;R. Shylaja,&nbsp;V. Kamalarasan,&nbsp;D. Nedumaran,&nbsp;C. Venkateswaran","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06758-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06758-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A highly sensitive chemiresistive gas sensor was developed using graphene quantum dots (GQDs) synthesised by the pyrolysis-reduction method. The GQDs were characterised by UV-vis, PL, and TEM, and the interdigitated electrode (IDE) array for the sensor was fabricated by UV lithography using dry film photoresist (DFR), providing a simple and environmentally friendly fabrication method. The sensor demonstrated exceptional performance, detecting three lung cancer–related volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at various parts per million (ppm) concentrations. Excellent sensitivity towards isopropyl alcohol (IPA) is achieved, with a response of 29.6% at 0.8 ppm at room temperature. The integration of precise DFR patterning and high surface area provides a scalable and cost-effective approach for early screening, effectively bridging nanotechnology with point-of-care medical diagnostics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of undoped and A-site lutetium donor–doped barium strontium titanate by the sol-gel method for wastewater remediation and tunable energy storage capacitor applications","authors":"K. Sreelakshmi,&nbsp;S. Laxmi Priya,&nbsp;K. M. Rajesh,&nbsp;N. Manoj,&nbsp;Pearl Augustine,&nbsp;Manoj Parameswaran","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06766-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06766-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ferroelectric materials play a pivotal role for applications such as actuators, sensors, capacitors, memory devices, and non-volatile storage systems. The interplay between properties such as dielectric permittivity, remanent polarization, leakage current, and tunability influences the performance of ferroelectric materials for the above-said applications. The 1:1 ratio of Ba:Sr helps to optimize the structural stability in Ba₀.₅Sr₀.₅TiO₃ perovskites. Lutetium was selected as the donor dopant in barium strontium titanate since it is smaller than A-site cations, and when compared to heavier rare earths, lutetium possesses a compact and stable 4f shell that will be soluble in the lattice of barium strontium titanate. Both barium strontium titanate and lutetium-doped barium strontium titanate were prepared by sol-gel synthesis. Crystalline orientation and phase formation of the undoped and doped samples were determined by Rietveld refinement of XRD data using FullProf program and Raman spectra. Lutetium-doped barium strontium titanate shows smaller crystallite size, higher microstrain, and dislocation density. Ultraviolet-visible and infrared spectra were used to understand the electronic and vibrational modes of the material. Scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) help to obtain surface morphology, grain size, density, porosity, and composition of the samples. TEM analysis was used to investigate the morphology and microstructure of the synthesized nanoparticles. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to understand the oxidation state, chemical composition, electronic structure, and surface properties. Lutetium-doped samples also exhibited higher dielectric permittivity and reduced dielectric loss. The dielectric tunability of the lutetium-doped barium strontium titanate was found to be 67.1%, which was larger than 41.5% for undoped barium strontium titanate under a direct current bias field of 260 kV/cm. Lutetium-doped barium strontium titanate exhibited a more symmetric hysteresis loop with a remanent polarization (2P_r) of 10 μC/cm² and a coercive field (2E_C) of 8 kV/cm, which was higher than the values obtained for the asymmetric hysteresis loop of undoped barium strontium titanate. The leakage current characteristics obtained for the undoped and lutetium-doped barium strontium titanate samples were found to be ~ 10⁻² μA/cm² and ~ 10⁻³ μA/cm², respectively, and hence lutetium-doped barium strontium titanate can be used in energy-storing devices. Also, it was confirmed that by controlling the donor doping at the A-site, one can effectively tune the band gap, making it suitable for organic dye degradation. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of lutetium-doped barium strontium titanate under solar irradiation was confirmed by the degradation of crystal violet dye.</p>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using Au@Ag core–shell nanostructure arrays for ultrasensitive caffeine detection","authors":"Huan-Yu Shi,&nbsp;Chu-Yu Huang","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06776-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06776-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rapid and accurate detection of trace caffeine remains challenging because conventional electrochemical sensors may lack molecular specificity, high-performance liquid chromatography requires substantial instrumentation and sample preparation, and conventional SERS substrates often exhibit hotspot-dependent signal variability. Electrochemical modulation can improve interfacial adsorption and charge-transfer conditions; however, scalable substrates with well-defined enhancement mechanisms are still needed. A field-regulated EC-SERS platform was developed using Au@Ag bimetallic nanostructure arrays fabricated by sequential, solvent-free sputtering on moth-eye polycarbonate substrates. The optimized deposition sequence (Au 175 s followed by Ag 75 s) corresponds to a sputtering-time ratio of 7:3 and estimated nominal thicknesses of approximately 126 and 43.5 nm, respectively (Au:Ag ≈ 2.9:1). The resulting nanostructures have an average diameter of approximately 120 nm and retain interparticle gaps of 10–20 nm. The study makes two principal contributions: (1) a lithography-free, all-physical route for fabricating ordered Au@Ag nanostructure arrays with highly reproducible hotspot geometries, and (2) a mechanism-guided EC-SERS protocol that synergistically integrates bimetallic plasmonic coupling, potential-dependent interfacial modulation, and chloride-mediated activation of the Ag-rich surface. While R6G was utilized as a strongly adsorbing cationic probe for initial substrate screening, the potential-dependent response of caffeine, a predominantly neutral molecule, was rigorously and independently evaluated. For caffeine standards, the proposed platform demonstrated a robust logarithmic calibration response, achieving a lowest measured concentration (LMC) of 0.05 mg/L. The blank-based theoretical limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated to be 0.049 and 0.058 mg/L, respectively. These results establish a compelling proof-of-concept for the analytical capability of the sensor. Future validation in real-world, complex matrices remains a priority to address potential competitive interference and matrix effects.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying non-resonant photothermal conversion in gold nanoarrays via in situ Raman thermometry with silicon nanoparticle probes","authors":"Yanru Xu,&nbsp;Jiayu Su,&nbsp;Song Han,&nbsp;Yanqing Wang,&nbsp;Juqin Cao,&nbsp;Yupeng Qi","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06751-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06751-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Precise mapping of localized photothermal conversion in plasmonic nanostructures remains critical for enabling controlled triggering of self-healing in thermoplastic coatings. Here, we present an in situ Raman thermometry approach employing silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) as non-invasive temperature probes to quantify the photothermal response of gold nanoarrays under non-resonant 785 nm excitation. The SiNPs exhibit a stable Raman temperature coefficient of (-0.023 ± 0.002) cm⁻¹/K, independent of particle size (20–150 nm), ensuring reliable temperature calibration. By leveraging the localized surface plasmon resonance-induced near-field enhancement, this method achieves sensitive detection of subtle temperature variations even at off-resonant excitation wavelengths where conventional absorption-based thermometry suffers from reduced sensitivity. The experimental results reveal a laser power-dependent temperature rise coefficient of (0.505 ± 0.038) K/mW for SiNPs/Au/SiO₂—fourfold enhancement over control samples—reaching 202 ± 15 K at 5.1 × 10⁷ W/m² laser intensity. Mechanistic analysis indicates that 72% of the heating originates from non-radiative decay of localized surface plasmons in gold nanoarrays, while plasmon-enhanced intrinsic absorption of SiNPs contributes 28%. Experimental validation through polyurethane self-healing demonstrates the practical utility of this photothermal platform. This work establishes SiNPs-enabled Raman thermometry as a versatile platform for spatially resolved thermal profiling of plasmonic systems, offering a non-contact, label-free alternative to fluorescence-based methods and providing essential thermal benchmarks for designing precision photothermal triggers in smart coating applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth temperature modulates copper-rich off-stoichiometry and defect-mediated emission in colloidal CuInS2 quantum dots","authors":"Stefan C. Ghany,&nbsp;Richard A. Taylor,&nbsp;Kim Kisslinger,&nbsp;Shobha Mantripragada","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06773-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06773-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photoluminescent copper-based chalcogenide quantum dots are promising broadband emitters for solar windows, luminescent solar concentrators, and downshifting films, where performance is governed by deep-level trap-state recombination and synthetic control of composition, phase, and surface chemistry. Although stoichiometry-dependent photophysics in CuInS₂ (CIS) quantum dots is well recognised, direct correlations between growth-controlled Cu-rich off-stoichiometry and deep trap-mediated emission remain limited compared with Cu-poor systems. Here, off-stoichiometric CIS colloidal quantum dots were synthesised using copper(II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate hydrate and indium(III) diethyldithiocarbamate precursors while varying growth temperature (180 – 280 °C), reaction time (10 – 60 min), and 1-dodecanethiol:oleic acid ligand ratio. The nanocrystals exhibited quasi-spherical and triangular morphologies with sizes of 1.4 – 7.0 nm. Powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed that decreasing oleic acid content promoted transformation from predominantly wurtzite-like to chalcopyrite CIS. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed temperature-dependent modulation of particle size, morphology, and off-stoichiometric composition, producing generally Cu-rich, In-poor, and S-rich nanocrystals (Cu_{<i>1</i>±<i>x</i>}In_<i>1-y</i>S_{<i>2</i>+<i>z</i>}). Optical spectroscopy revealed tunable absorption bandgaps of 2.06 – 2.32 eV and broad visible–NIR emission from 653 to 756 nm, consistent with trap-assisted recombination involving intrinsic defects and surface-derived states. Time-resolved photoluminescence showed multicomponent decays with components of 1.1 – 1.7 ns (τ₁), 3.9 – 5.1 ns (τ₂), and 9.2 – 26.9 ns (τ₃), indicating multiple recombination pathways that vary with growth conditions. Photoluminescence quantum yields of 5.30 – 8.43% correlate with growth-dependent Cu-rich composition, Cu⁺/In³⁺ ratio, and morphology. These results establish synthesis–structure–photophysics correlations showing how phase quality, size/morphology, and Cu-rich off-stoichiometry tune deep-level emission in CIS quantum dots for downshifting applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}