Journal of Nanoparticle Research最新文献

{"title":"Sparking a comparative study between selective Bi-based photocatalysts (BiOCl, Bi12O17Cl2, and CuBi2O4) depending on their photocatalytic characteristics and degradation activity","authors":"Zaid H. Jabbar,&nbsp;Bassim H. Graimed,&nbsp;Hayder M. Rashid,&nbsp;Saad H. Ammar,&nbsp;Maye M. Alsunbuli,&nbsp;Ayah A. Okab","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06370-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06370-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bismuth-based photocatalysts have become one of the most widely investigated materials in the photocatalytic fields. In this work, common bismuth-based photocatalysts (BiOCl, Bi₁₂O₁₇Cl₂, and CuBi₂O₄) were perfectly synthesized, and their photocatalytic characteristics were examined and compared over different characteristic technologies (XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, BET, DRS, PL, and EIS). Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity was performed for malachite green (MG) and tetracycline (TC) degradation under LED radiation. Compared with other catalysts, the CuBi₂O₄ exhibited the strongest light absorption towards visible and near-IR regions because it has the narrowest bandgap energy (1.62 eV). However, the small bandgap energy of CuBi₂O₄ promoted the charge recombination rate and hindered their catalytic performance. Besides, the Bi₁₂O₁₇Cl₂ catalysts reflected the highest MG and TC degradation efficiencies of 72.5% and 65.7%, respectively. This is due to the moderate bandgap energy of Bi₁₂O₁₇Cl₂ (2.63 eV), acceptable light absorption, and higher photocarrier separation rate. Moreover, the perfect band structure of Bi₁₂O₁₇Cl₂ allows it to produce ^•OH radicals, accelerating the MG and TC degradation rate. The trapping tests revealed the ability of BiOCl and Bi₁₂O₁₇Cl₂ to yield ^•OH, while the CuBi₂O₄ obtained strong CB potential to produce ^•O₂⁻. Meanwhile, all synthesized photocatalysts returned good recyclability performance after five cycles. Finally, the photo-destruction mechanism has been elucidated through optical, electrochemical, and trapping tests. This work offers valuable insights into tailoring bismuth-based photocatalysts for improved catalytic behavior, paving the way for innovative approaches in sustainable energy and environmental remediation technologies. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal delivery of drug-loaded polymeric nanomicelles for brain targeting: a comprehensive review","authors":"Shafat Alam,&nbsp;Abdul Hafeez,&nbsp;Javed Akhtar Ansari,&nbsp;Vaishali Kaushal,&nbsp;Shom Prakash Kushwaha","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06367-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06367-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brain disorders affect over one-third of the global population, representing a major therapeutic challenge. Physiological barriers like the blood–brain barrier, intestinal barrier, and the cerebrospinal fluid barrier are the major obstacles for drugs to penetrate into the brain. Developing novel strategies to enhance the delivery of drugs to the brain has become a major focus in pharmaceutical research and development. The nasal route of drug delivery in conjunction with nanoparticles has shown great potential for the management of brain disorders due to the direct linkage of the nasal route to the brain through olfactory and trigeminal nerves. Nanomicelles have been found to be a potential carrier system for improving the brain concentrations of a variety of drugs. In most of the published works, the size range of polymeric nanomicelles for brain targeting through the nasal route was identified to be between 30 and 150 nm. This review focuses on the important aspects of nose-to-brain delivery, types of micelles, preparation methods, and characterization techniques. Further, drug-loaded polymeric nanomicelles for brain diseases through the nasal route have been explored critically with emphasis on the physicochemical characteristics, in vitro findings, and in vivo studies. Subsequently, marketed products, clinical trials (19 studies were reviewed), and patent reports are also presented. In the end, the challenges faced in developing micelles and their future prospects were also discussed. It was concluded that the polymeric nanomicelles delivered via the nasal route showed a high clinical translational potential for the management of brain diseases.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Layer structured porous carbon aerogels stabilized FeS nanoparticles for efficient remediation of hexavalent chromium in soil","authors":"Ai-Hua Cheng,&nbsp;Jing Wang,&nbsp;Zhi Li,&nbsp;Juan Chang,&nbsp;Xiao-He Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11051-024-06189-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-024-06189-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cr(VI) contamination in soil poses a significant challenge worldwide, necessitating effective remediation strategies to ensure the preservation of human health and ecological integrity. On-location remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated soil using reactive materials that exhibit synergistic reduction and adsorption properties has emerged as a promising approach. This study introduces a novel remediation material, FeS-modified carbon aerogel (FeS/CA), with a laminated porous structure rich in adsorption and reduction sites, synthesized through a straightforward freeze-drying method using economical, readily available chitosan. The results show that FeS/CA immobilized 99.87% of Cr(VI) by 16 g FeS/CA per kg of soil over 15 days, significantly outperforming pure CA, which achieved only 32.20% efficiency. Subsequent analysis demonstrates that the exchangeable chromium was nearly entirely converted to residual chromium (93.78%), thereby diminishing the risk of heavy metal contamination in soil. The remediation mechanism of FeS/CA on Cr(VI) was revealed by XPS, FTIR, and other characterizations, and the homogeneous FeS nanoparticles and abundant functional groups in CA played an important role in the immobilization of Cr(VI). FeS/CA promoted the immobilization of Cr(VI) mainly by the synergistic adsorption and chemical reduction effects. Firstly, part of Cr(VI) entered into the pore space of FeS/CA by physical adsorption. Secondly, the functional groups containing C and O adsorbed Cr(VI) through chemical effects, and finally, Fe(II) and S(-II) provided electrons during the adsorption of Cr(VI) to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III). In conclusion, the FeS/CA composite, characterized by its effective laminated porous structure, offers a viable solution for remediation of Cr-contaminated soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of hydrodynamic diameter results from MADLS and DLS measurements for nanoparticle reference materials","authors":"Ryan T. Coones,&nbsp;Vikram Kestens,&nbsp;Caterina Minelli","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06284-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06284-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a ubiquitous and highly standardised method that is used in the research, development, and qualification of nanoparticles. Multi-angle dynamic light scattering (MADLS) mitigates some of the limitations encountered with traditional DLS by providing better resolution for multi-modal populations and more accurate particle size distributions. MADLS has recently been gaining popularity thanks to increased access to bench-top instrumentation, but its metrology framework is not yet as advanced as for DLS, which may hinder a further uptake of MADLS method and standardisation. In this work, we utilise gold, silica, and polystyrene reference materials to provide a comparative dataset for the measurement of spherical nanoparticle hydrodynamic diameters by DLS and MADLS. We also show measurements of particle number concentration by MADLS and discuss the impact of experimental parameters such as the particle refractive index on the measurement results. This work aims to improve confidence in the use of MADLS, to benefit experimental design and, ultimately, to provide some reference data to support method verification and future standardisation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microfluidic synthesis of phosphatidylcholine liposomes for verbascoside delivery into C2C12 cells","authors":"Laura Chronopoulou,&nbsp;Roya Binaymotlagh,&nbsp;Manuela Bozzi,&nbsp;Marisa Colone,&nbsp;Anna Rita Stringaro,&nbsp;Francesca Sciandra,&nbsp;Cleofe Palocci","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06365-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06365-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interest of lipid vesicles for applications in the pharmaceutical field is increasing, especially for preparing drug and gene delivery vectors. There are different methods for the preparation of these vesicles, however, microfluidic-based methods provide significant advantages over other synthetic protocols like extrusion and sonication. In this study, monodisperse liposomes based on L-α-phosphatidylcholine were synthesized using a versatile capillary hydrodynamic flow-focusing device to deliver verbascoside into murine C2C12 muscle cells. The size and surface charge of the obtained liposomes were studied using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and zeta-potential measurements. TEM and SAXS analyses were used to investigate the shape and lamellarity of the structures. By introducing a suitable dye into the phospholipid membrane of the liposomes and using confocal fluorescence microscopic analysis, liposomes internalization in C2C12 cells was confirmed in vitro. In addition, verbascoside encapsulation in the vesicles protected it efficiently, increasing its antioxidant activity against ROS production in C2C12 cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-025-06365-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoactivated antimicrobial activity of carbon dots in combination with different co-agents and mechanistic implications","authors":"Cristian E. Rodriguez,&nbsp;Audrey F. Adcock,&nbsp;Xiuli Dong,&nbsp;Subhadra Yerra,&nbsp;Ya-Ping Sun,&nbsp;Liju Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06364-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06364-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria has been a long-lasting challenge. This study investigated the photoactivated antibacterial function of carbon dots (CDots) in combination with antibiotics and membrane destabilizing agents as co-agents against drug resistant bacteria <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>L. monocytogenes</i>. The results of the study demonstrated that CDots in combination with the membrane destabilizing agent poly-L-lysine as co-agent exhibited significant enhancement in the overall antibacterial activity, especially with the longer poly-L-lysine, achieving complete inactivation of cells in the samples with ~ 8 log viable cell reduction. The combination of CDots with bacterial resistant antibiotics streptomycin, erythromycin, or tetracycline, did not expectedly enhance the overall antibacterial activity of photoactive CDots to <i>E. faecalis</i>, in contrast, the combination with streptomycin significantly reduced the antibacterial activity of CDots. Implications of these experimental results toward the understanding of mechanistical action of photoexcited CDots were discussed. The study demonstrated that appropriately selected co-agents could effectively enhance the photoactivated antibacterial function of CDots and its potential to combat drug resistant pathogens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-025-06364-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting hydrogen evolution efficiency in acidic media with Fe-doped CoS electrocatalysts","authors":"Zahrah Alhalili,&nbsp;Mohammad Shariq,&nbsp;Wafa Al-Gethami,&nbsp;Zarah I. Alzahrani,&nbsp;Fahad Saleh Almubaddel,&nbsp;Noha Al-Qasmi","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06352-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06352-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial for clean energy production; however, it often suffers from high overpotentials during water electrolysis, significantly increasing the cost of hydrogen production. To address this, cost-effective Fe-doped CoS nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, achieving enhanced electrocatalytic activity for HER. Fe doping improved HER performance by optimizing conductivity and leveraging the synergistic effects of Fe and Co metal ions. Comprehensive characterization techniques confirmed enhanced catalytic properties, which were demonstrated in 0.5 M H₂SO₄. Among the prepared catalysts, Fe_0.3Co_0.7S NPs show higher catalytic performance with a smaller overpotential of 185 mV and a Tafel slope of 64 mV/dec. Also, it exhibits excellent stability in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ at 10 mA/cm². The exceptional activity of Fe_0.3Co_0.7S nanoparticles may result from optimal Fe doping, enhancing CoS active sites, while excessive doping hinders HER activity by spoiling active edge sites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and their electrokinetic properties of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes","authors":"Zeynep Bicil","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06357-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06357-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Firstly, MWCNT-OH and MWCNT-COOH were synthesized from MWCNT by oxidation reactions. The samples were characterized by BET, FTIR, DTA/TG, NMR, SEM/EDX, and TEM devices. The electrokinetic properties of MWCNTs were investigated as a function of solid/liquid ratio, suspension pH, and electrolyte concentration, type, and valence. Changes in surface area, presence of carbonyl, and hydroxyl groups, changes in thermal decomposition steps and morphological properties proved that functionalized MWCNT structures were synthesized. While zeta potential did not show a significant change with increasing solid/liquid ratio, it changed with the initial pH of the suspension. While all carbon nanotubes had positive zeta potential at pH = 2, it was determined that zeta potential decreased and changed sign with increasing pH. The isoelectric points of MWCNT, MWCNT-OH, and MWCNT-COOH suspensions are pH 9, 4.2, and 2.8, respectively. While there was no change in the sign of the zeta potential of carbon nanotube suspensions of monovalent electrolytes, the zeta potentials of divalent and trivalent electrolyte suspensions changed sign with increasing concentration. While monovalent electrolytes acted as indifferent electrolytes, divalent and trivalent electrolytes adsorbed specifically on the carbon nanotube surface. The presence of CO₃²⁻ ions in MWCNT suspensions transformed the zeta potential from positive to negative with increasing concentration. In conclusion, since the electrokinetic properties of functionalized MWCNTs vary depending on pH and electrolyte concentration, accurate tuning of these parameters is critical for the stability and performance of MWCNT-based systems in industrial applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative polymeric and non-polymeric nanocarrier systems for dexamethasone: enhancing precision and reducing side effects","authors":"Mehrab Pourmadadi,&nbsp;Mahdi Maleki,&nbsp;Abbas Rahdar,&nbsp;M. Ali Aboudzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06363-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06363-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dexamethasone (DEX), a potent synthetic glucocorticoid, has long been recognized for its remarkable anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and therapeutic potential across diverse medical domains. However, traditional delivery methods have been hindered by systemic toxicity, poor targeting, and limited efficacy. This comprehensive review explores cutting-edge drug delivery technologies that are revolutionizing DEX’s therapeutic landscape, offering unprecedented precision and enhanced clinical outcomes. The review systematically examines advanced carrier systems, including lipid-based nanoparticles, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, cyclodextrin-based platforms, hyaluronic acid nanocarriers, hydrogels, carbon-based nanostructures, and inorganic nanostructures. These innovative approaches demonstrate remarkable capabilities in improving drug bioavailability, targeted delivery, sustained release, and minimized systemic side effects. Cutting-edge research highlights the transformative potential of these delivery systems across multiple therapeutic areas, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, oncology, neurodegenerative disorders, bone regeneration, and ocular and respiratory treatments. By enhancing drug targeting, controlling release kinetics, and reducing adverse effects, these nanotechnology-driven platforms are poised to reshape DEX’s clinical applications, offering more precise and effective treatment strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-025-06363-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic and oxidative responses in Helix aspersa to iron oxide nanoparticle exposure: individual and combined (Fe₂O₃/SiO₂) effects","authors":"Amel Benamara,&nbsp;Nedjoud Grara,&nbsp;Samira Bensoltane,&nbsp;Laid Bouchaala,&nbsp;Amel Laouar,&nbsp;Kamila Grara,&nbsp;Hadia Hemmami,&nbsp;Boudjahem Abdelghani,&nbsp;Ali Abbas Aslam,&nbsp;Mahmood Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06361-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06361-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluates the toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₂O₃ NPs) alone and in combination with silica nanoparticles (SiO₂ NPs) on <i>Helix aspersa</i>. Snails were exposed to escalating concentrations (0, 5000, 10,000, 15,000 μg/g of flour) of Fe₂O₃ NPs and a mixture of Fe₂O₃ and SiO₂ NPs for 28 days to assess impacts on metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and neurotoxicity. Fe₂O₃ NPs significantly increased protein levels; the mixture exhibited a more pronounced effect, with significantly increased protein levels, particularly in the hepatopancreas and kidneys. Lipid levels generally decreased across all treatments, suggesting significant metabolic disruption. Carbohydrate responses were tissue-specific and differed significantly between single and combined exposures, highlighting complex responses to nanoparticle treatments. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, demonstrated a significant increase in all treatments compared to the control group. The mixture treatment caused divergent MDA responses, with higher levels observed in the hepatopancreas and lower levels in the kidneys than in single NP treatments. Glutathione (GSH) levels showed complex tissue-specific changes with mixture exposure, with reductions in the hepatopancreas and increases in the kidney. Furthermore, glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were altered, reflecting cellular stress responses. Notably, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, a marker of neurotoxicity, was significantly reduced in all treated groups. These findings demonstrate that Fe₂O₃ NPs, individually and combined with SiO₂ NPs, induce significant metabolic dysregulation, oxidative stress, and neurotoxicity in <i>H. aspersa</i>. This study underscores the potential ecological risks of NPs contamination and the importance of further research into long-term effects and combined exposures. Further understanding of the possible impact of NPs exposure on agricultural practices and human health is needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}