Journal of Nanoparticle Research最新文献

{"title":"An intermediate layer catalyst in bipolar membranes: Ti3CNTx MXene","authors":"Aytekin Çelik,&nbsp;Yunus Aksoy,&nbsp;Mustafa Yegin,&nbsp;Özge Hanay,&nbsp;Halil Hasar","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06380-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06380-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bipolar membranes (BPMs) play a vital role in electrochemical applications, where robust interfacial design is essential for efficient ion separation. This study investigates the effects of Ti₃CNT_x MXene, synthesized from the Ti₃AlCN MAX phase via HF and LiF + HCl etching routes, as a catalytic component in the intermediate layer of BPMs. To fabricate functional BPMs, polysulfone (PSU) was modified with sulfone and amine groups through sulfonization and amination, forming the necessary cationic and anionic exchange layers. XRD confirmed the complete removal of aluminum, while FTIR and ¹H-NMR analyses verified successful polymer functionalization. Comprehensive characterization of the MXene-based BPMs included contact angle measurements, electrical resistance, water uptake capacity, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Notably, mechanical properties improved with MXene addition—Young’s modulus increased from 635 MPa (BPM-1/PS) to 1135 MPa (BPM-3/PS). Water uptake values ranged from approximately 10% in BPM-1/PS to approximately 23% in BPM-6/PS, and electrical resistance measurements showed that BPM-1/PS had the lowest resistance (~ 0.26 Ω·cm²), while BPM-2/PS recorded the highest (~ 2 Ω·cm²). These findings highlight the significant impact of MXene on both mechanical integrity and hydrophilicity, indicating a trade-off between these properties depending on loading and dispersion. The study demonstrates the potential of MXene-enhanced BPMs for high-performance use in electrodialysis, fuel cells, and wastewater treatment systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-025-06380-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145171679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced photoconductivity in SnO2-ZnS nanocomposites: nano-structural, optical, and electrical investigations","authors":"Alison Christina Fernandez,&nbsp;Sakthivel P,&nbsp;Gopala Krishnan V,&nbsp;Priyadharsini N","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06373-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06373-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents the synthesis of SnO₂-ZnS nanocomposites using a one-step hydrothermal sintering technique with precursor ratios of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25. Characterization techniques confirmed the successful formation of the composites. XRD analysis indicated the occurrence of tetragonal SnO₂ and cubic ZnS phases with crystallite sizes between 20 and 40 nm. EDAX and FTIR analyses validated the elemental composition and functional groups of the nanocomposites. The crystallite size, dislocation density, and lattice strain were determined using the W–H and Scherrer formulas, with the phase combination further confirmed by the Rietveld refinement. UV–Visible spectrometer analysis showed a blue shift for all ratios, with an excitation wavelength around 332 nm. SEM micrographs revealed spherical cluster morphology for all ratios. Electrical analysis, performed using an LCR meter and Keithley 6514 electrometer, demonstrated a high dielectric constant at low frequencies, which decreased with lower ZnS concentration. Enhanced photo response characteristics were also observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesoporous silica nanoparticles for breast cancer theranostics: advances in imaging and therapy","authors":"Indira C. B. Pires,&nbsp;Idio A. S. Filho,&nbsp;Celina T. T. Nunes,&nbsp;Severino A. Junior,&nbsp;J. Michael Mathis","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06347-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06347-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Advanced breast cancer, a prevalent and deadly disease, requires innovative approaches for effective diagnosis and treatment. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have emerged as a versatile platform for theranostics, a field that integrates therapeutic and diagnostic functions within a single system to enable precise, personalized medical care. MSNs are valued for their high surface area, ordered pore structure, excellent biocompatibility, and customizable particle and pore sizes. These features make MSNs ideally suited to theranostics. This review explores the latest advancements in the application of MSNs in breast cancer theranostics. The unique structural and functional properties of MSNs are mediated by their surface modifications, as well as their role in enhancing drug delivery, improving imaging capabilities, and providing targeted therapies. The integration of specific imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), computed tomography (CT), photoluminescence (PL), ultrasound (US), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), and fluorescence imaging (FL), with therapeutic agents, including chemotherapeutic drugs and photosensitizers, is discussed in detail. Additional applications for theranostic MSNs are considered, including the development of targeted delivery systems for primary and metastatic diseases to optimize breast cancer treatment. The challenges and prospects of MSN-based theranostic systems, including biocompatibility and clinical translation, are also addressed. In summary, this review highlights the potential of MSNs as a multifunctional delivery platform, enabling personalized treatment strategies for managing breast cancer.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The preparation and in-vitro release studies of the novel chlorhexidine gluconate loaded dual polysaccharide nanogel systems","authors":"Seçil Çavuşoğlu,&nbsp;Ayça Mehmetoğlu Al,&nbsp;Yeliz Yıldırım","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06375-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06375-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) is an antiseptic often preferred for wound care, dental plaque prevention and treatment of fungal infections in the mouth. The aim of the study was to develop dual nanogel systems of alginate and chitosan, biocompatible polymers that can provide controlled release for the treatment of periodontitis. In this context, CHX was loaded into prepared chitosan (CS), alginate (ALG), alginate-chitosan (ALG-coated CS) and chitosan-alginate (CS-coated ALG) nanogels with high efficiency, and its structural, morphological and thermal properties were characterized. The swelling behavior, swelling kinetics and in vitro release studies of CHX-loaded nanogels in artificial saliva were carried out, and the amount of CHX was determined by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). When CHX-loaded and unloaded nanogel systems were examined, it was observed that the size of CHX-unloaded nanogels varied in the range of 100–130 nm, while the size increased with CHX loading. The nanogel systems were prepared with encapsulation efficiencies of 62% (CHX loaded CS NG), 55% (CHX-loaded ALG-coated CS NG), 75% (CHX-loaded ALG NG) and 70% (CHX-loaded CS-coated ALG NG). According to the characterization results obtained, CS, ALG, CS-coated ALG and ALG-coated CS nanogel systems can be carrier systems for the CHX drug.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-025-06375-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of nanomaterial toxicity using a model averaging approach","authors":"Rahmasari Nur Azizah,&nbsp;Geert R. Verheyen,&nbsp;Ziv Shkedy,&nbsp;Sabine Van Miert","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06371-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06371-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanomaterials can be found in many applications, from daily products to the healthcare industry. Since human can be exposed to nanomaterials through many ways, it is necessary to study the nanomaterials, especially their potential adverse effects on humans. This research was conducted under the European’s Union H2020 NanoInformaTIX project and focused on the dose-response analysis of nanomaterials’ toxicity. This research, focusing on the data of in vitro studies, aimed to model the relationship between the amount of administered nanomaterial and the possible toxic response on the cells using nonlinear models for the dose-response data. The data used as an example consisted of 65 data of nanomaterials which was differentiated by the cell types, on which the Likelihood ratio test was first applied to identify significant monotone trend. Dose-response model fitting was then conducted on the 14 data subsets with significant monotone trends. Several nonlinear models such as the Three-, Four-, and Five-parameter Log-logistic model, Weibull model, and Gompertz model were fitted on the data. As an illustration, the analysis of NM-110 (zinc oxide, uncoated) and NM-102 (titanium dioxide, anatase) was presented. For the NM-102 (titanium dioxide, anatase), the best model was the Weibull model according to the value of the AIC, with the value of <i>ED</i>50 equals 22.710 (95% C.I, 3.584–41.836). The model average estimate of the <i>ED</i>50 was also calculated by taking into account all fitted models, which was equal to 20.725.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Size and shape effects on thermodynamic and electronic properties of Si nanoparticles","authors":"Nguyen Trong Tam,&nbsp;Le Thu Lam,&nbsp;Ho Khac Hieu","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06378-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06378-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effects of particle size and shape on the thermodynamic and electronic properties of silicon (Si) nanoparticles are systematically examined using the bond energy model and the tight-binding approximation. Analytical expressions are developed to describe the melting temperature, Debye temperature, band gap energy, valence-band maximum, and conduction-band minimum as explicit functions of the size and shape of nanoparticles. The obtained results have been applied to perform numerical calculations for Si semiconductor nanoparticles up to 30 nm of size with various shapes. Our theoretical predictions are compared with those of experimental measurements showing good agreement. These findings highlight the crucial influence of size and shape on the thermophysical and electronic behavior of Si nanoparticles, offering valuable insights for their tailored design in advanced nanotechnological applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lead-free double perovskite solar cells with PANI passivation Cs2AgBiBr6: reducing bandgap for enhanced photovoltaic performance","authors":"Asad Ullah,&nbsp; Ihtisham-ul-haq,&nbsp;Khamael M. Abualnaja,&nbsp;Khaled Fahmi Fawy","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06376-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06376-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the role of polyaniline (PANI) as a surface passivation material in enhancing the performance of lead-free Cs₂AgBiBr₆-based halide double perovskite solar cells (LFHDPs). A structural analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms a cubic crystalline form, with a PANI integration increasing the crystallinity and enlarging the grain size from 26 to 31 nm. The expansion in inter-planar spacing is linked to an improved interfacial charge transport. Optical assessments reveal a lowered bandgap energy (<i>E</i>_<i>g</i>) from 1.88 to 1.85 eV, alongside a substantial increase in charge carrier lifetime from 2.95 to 19.5 ns with the PANI incorporation. The current density–voltage (J-V) demonstrates a superior photovoltaic performance, including a short-circuit current density (<i>J</i>_sc) of 5.1 mA·cm⁻², an open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_oc) of 0.90 V, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.3%. Devices’ combination Cs₂AgBiBr₆/PANI/Spiro-OMeTAD show a robust humidity resistance, maintaining performance after 10 min of exposure, unlike their PANI-free device, while also exhibiting sustained PCE stability. These advancements stem from suppressed non-radiative recombination, expanded grain dimensions, and effective passivation of grain boundaries. The results position Cs₂AgBiBr₆/PANI composites as viable pathways for eco-friendly, high-stability perovskite solar cells with a competitive efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance enhancement of trimetallic nanoparticles in photocatalysis through chemical etching","authors":"Yu-Chun Cheng,&nbsp;Yun-Qi Dou,&nbsp;Tian-Song Deng","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06374-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06374-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trimetallic nanoparticles have shown significant potential as multifunctional nanomaterials due to their superior photocatalytic performance, making them highly promising in materials science and nanotechnology. In this study, we designed and synthesized a trimetallic nanostructure consisting of a gold nanorod (Au NR) core, a silver (Ag) intermediate shell, and a silver-platinum (AgPt) alloy outer layer. The Au@Ag core–shell structure was first prepared by depositing silver onto the Au NR surface through a reduction reaction. Subsequently, an AgPt alloy was deposited via a reduction and replacement process, followed by oxidative etching to remove excess silver, resulting in the etched trimetallic nanostructure (Au@AgPt-E). Using methylene blue (MB) as the model system, the photocatalytic activity of Au@AgPt-E under visible and near-infrared light irradiation was significantly enhanced, achieving a rate 4.19 times higher than Au@Ag@AgPt and 7.67 times higher than single-metal Au NRs. The performance enhancement is primarily attributed to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect generated by the gold nanorod core in Au@AgPt-E. The SPR effect significantly enhances the light absorption of the gold nanorods, especially within specific wavelength ranges, allowing for efficient conversion of light energy into heat. This energy conversion process not only improves thermal efficiency but also facilitates the generation and separation of charge carriers, thereby increasing the efficiency of the catalytic reaction. Additionally, the Au@AgPt-E undergoes an etching process, which increases the number of catalytic active sites on the AgPt shell, further enhancing the catalytic performance. The combined effects of these factors result in a significant improvement in the material’s performance. This study provides a novel approach for developing efficient plasmon-mediated photocatalysts and demonstrates broad application prospects in photocatalytic reduction processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145168522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein based nanoparticles for pulmonary drug delivery: advances, challenges, and future perspectives","authors":"Aniket Bhardwaj,&nbsp;Saurabh Verma,&nbsp;Anukrati Agnihotri,&nbsp;Vikesh Kumar Shukla,&nbsp;Havagiray R. Chitme","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06372-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06372-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulmonary drug delivery has been a candidate for the treatment of respiratory disorders with a large surface area, high rate of drug absorption, and prevention of first-pass metabolism. Of the different nanocarrier systems that have been investigated, protein-based nanoparticles (PNPs) are found to possess several distinct advantages, such as superior biocompatibility, biodegradability, high drug loading capacity, and tunable release profiles. Their native tunability provides the flexibility to coat the particle surface with ligands and polymers for receptor-mediated targeting and increased penetration of the mucus. They render PNPs especially well-suited to circumvent biological barriers in the lung, including mucociliary clearance, uptake by alveolar macrophages, and interference by surfactant. Formulation strategies Toefl spray drying, freeze drying, and electrospray membrane have extensively been optimized to improve the aerodynamics and stability of PNPs for inhalation. To further improve multifunctionality, recent advances in protein nanotechnology have allowed the development of multifunctional PNPs that are capable of targeted delivery and stimulus-responsive drug release. These developments notwithstanding, immunogenicity, protein stability, scale-up production, and regulatory approval remain significant hindrances to clinical translation. Further research and development in this field are necessary to realize the complete therapeutic benefit of protein-based nanoparticles in pulmonary drug delivery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"S-scheme ZnMn2O4/V2O5 heterojunction for degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride under visible-light irradiation","authors":"Guangling Zuo,&nbsp;Hongyong Ye,&nbsp;Jia Du,&nbsp;Xin Ding","doi":"10.1007/s11051-025-06377-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-025-06377-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the inherent limitations of V₂O₅ (VO) photocatalysts, such as high photogenerated electron–hole pair (PEHP) recombination rate and susceptibility to photocorrosion, the S-scheme ZnMn₂O₄/V₂O₅ (ZMO/VO) heterojunction materials were successfully synthesized by loading ZnMn₂O₄ (ZMO) on the VO surface via the hydrothermal method. Through crystal structure characterization, it was found that the prepared ZMO/VO composite retained the main structure of the orthorhombic system of VO, and the introduction of ZMO did not significantly change the crystalline characteristics of VO. Microstructural characterization revealed that ZMO was uniformly and densely dispersed on the VO surface, effectively enhancing the catalyst’s surface roughness and specific surface area while establishing an efficient S-scheme heterojunction structure at the interface between the two catalytic materials. This unique structural design optimizes the interfacial charge transport path while preserving highly active REDOX sites, which significantly improves the catalytic performance of the material under visible light. The photocatalytic degradation mechanism of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP) revealed that superoxide radicals (·O₂⁻) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) served as the predominant reactive oxygen species responsible for CIP decomposition. When the ZMO loading was 6 wt%, the composite showed the best catalytic performance. Under the conditions of a catalyst dosage of 0.4 g/L, an initial CIP concentration of 20 mg/L, and pH = 6, a degradation rate of 98.7% could be achieved after 100 min of visible-light irradiation. Notably, the material also showed good stability, maintaining a degradation efficiency of 92.1% after three cycles of use. This study offers an effective strategy to address the intrinsic limitations of VO-based photocatalysts while simultaneously advancing the rational design of S-scheme heterojunction materials for practical environmental remediation applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}