Journal of Nanoparticle Research最新文献

{"title":"Fabrication of photodetector (SnO(_{2})/Co(_{3})O(_{4})/Si) for Vis-IR detection by chemical method","authors":"Rawaa Yaseen Taha,&nbsp;Wedian K. Abad,&nbsp;Mohammed Jassim Mohammed Ali,&nbsp;Ahmed N. Abd","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06720-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06720-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Broadband oxide-based photodetectors have attracted considerable attention owing to their stability, low cost, and potential for optoelectronic applications. In this work, a SnO<span>(_{2})</span>/Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span>/Si n-p-n heterojunction photodetector was fabricated using chemically synthesized Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span> and SnO<span>(_{2})</span> nanostructures. The novelty of this work lies in the development of a SnO<span>(_{2})</span>/Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span>/Si n-p-n heterojunction that combines n-type SnO<span>(_{2})</span> and p-type Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span> to promote efficient carrier separation and broadband visible-infrared photodetection. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed that the Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span> nanoparticles possessed a cubic spinel structure, whereas SnO<span>(_{2})</span> exhibited a tetragonal crystal system, with crystallite sizes of 29 and 27 nm, respectively. SEM observations revealed rod-like Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span> agglomerates together with uniformly distributed SnO<span>(_{2})</span> nanoparticles, confirming the successful formation of the oxide layers. UV–Vis spectroscopy revealed optical band gaps of 2.70 and 3.75 eV for Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span> and SnO<span>(_{2})</span>, respectively, which are larger than those of the corresponding bulk materials, confirming successful nanostructure formation. FTIR spectra showed O-H, C=O, and C-H bands in addition to the characteristic Co-O/O-Co-O and Sn-O-Sn vibrational modes. The current–voltage (I-V) characteristics of the SnO<span>(_{2})</span>/Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span>/Si heterojunction were evaluated under dark and illuminated conditions in both forward and reverse bias. The fabricated photodetector exhibited responsivities of 0.27 and 0.56 A/W in the visible and infrared regions, respectively. The external quantum efficiency and specific detectivity followed the same trend as the spectral responsivity, reaching 75.62% and 3.92 10<span>(^{12})</span> Jones at 450 nm, respectively. At longer wavelengths, enhanced absorption in the silicon substrate increased these values to 82.06% and 8.04 <span>(times )</span> 10<span>(^{12})</span> Jones, respectively, at 850 nm. The enhanced photodetection performance is attributed to the effective SnO<span>(_{2})</span>/Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span> heterointerface, which promotes carrier separation and transport. These findings demonstrate that the proposed SnO<span>(_{2})</span>/Co<span>(_{3})</span>O<span>(_{4})</span>/Si heterojunction is a promising candidate for broadband visible-infrared optoelectronic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A green metal-phenolic coordination nanoplatform based on baicalein and gallium for the treatment of acute kidney injury","authors":"Xiuxiu Li,&nbsp;Shaoquan Wu,&nbsp;Ying Shu,&nbsp;Yuna Tong","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06718-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06718-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe clinical challenge driven by oxidative stress and inflammation. Current therapeutic options for AKI remain limited. Herein, we developed a novel metal–phenolic nanoplatform named LBP@Ga-Bai NPs. We synthesized these nanoparticles by self-assembling baicalein (Bai) with gallium (Ga3⁺), followed by surface coating with <i>Lycium barbarum</i> polysaccharide (LBP). These nanoparticles showed excellent colloidal stability. Our in vitro studies showed that LBP@Ga-Bai NPs protected H₂O₂-injured HK-2 cells. They effectively scavenged ROS, colocalized with mitochondria, restored membrane potential, and prevented apoptosis. In a glycerol-induced AKI mouse model, oral delivery of LBP@Ga-Bai NPs significantly reduced kidney damage. They lowered serum creatinine by 43.48% and blood urea nitrogen by 41.09%. They also reduced tubular necrosis and tissue inflammation. Transcriptomic analysis further showed that the nanoparticles reversed metabolic dysfunction. They achieved this by reactivating organic acid catabolism and restoring the TCA cycle. In conclusion, LBP@Ga-Bai NPs offer a promising multifunctional treatment for AKI. They work effectively by clearing ROS, protecting mitochondria, and restoring metabolic balance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectroscopic and DLS investigation of polystyrene nanoparticle exposure on Ganglefenum binding to bovine serum albumin","authors":"Karine R. Grigoryan,&nbsp;Ashkhen L. Zatikyan,&nbsp;Zara L. Grigoryan,&nbsp;Artur A. Gabrielyan,&nbsp;Hasmik A. Shilajyan","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06719-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06719-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) on binding interaction between Ganglefenum, an angionervalgic, anesthetic, and spasmolytic drug, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using UV–Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. UV–Vis spectroscopic analysis revealed that Ganglefenum forms a stable ground state complex with BSA, whereas fluorescence studies indicated the formation of comparatively less stable complexes, which may be attributed to competing quenching processes, conformational alterations, and non-radiative decay pathways affecting BSA fluorescence. Structural analysis based on deconvolution of the FTIR amide I band demonstrated significant changes in the secondary structure of BSA upon interaction with both Ganglefenum and PSNPs. DLS measurement showed the formation of larger complexes, as evidenced by changes in particle size distribution and diffusion coefficients for PSNPs, PS-bound BSA, and PS-bound BSA-Ganglefenum systems. The results of these studies suggest that PSNPs may interfere with the binding interactions between Ganglefenum and BSA.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive Basin Hopping method for first-principles cluster structure prediction","authors":"Oliver Carmona,&nbsp;J. Alberto Arroyo-Valdez,&nbsp;Alvaro Muñoz-Castro,&nbsp;Peter L. Rodríguez-Kessler","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06714-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06714-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present an Adaptive Basin Hopping (ABH) methodology implemented in Python for the global optimization of atomic clusters using fully <i>ab initio</i> density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed with the ORCA quantum chemistry package. Unlike many conventional Basin Hopping implementations based on empirical model potentials or fixed perturbation schemes, the present framework directly explores the DFT potential energy surface while combining adaptive configurational sampling, stochastic atomic-species exchanges, and automated hierarchical geometry refinement. The workflow enables efficient exploration of both structural and chemical configurational spaces in multicomponent systems through stochastic Monte Carlo displacements and Metropolis-based acceptance criteria, while an adaptive perturbation-control scheme dynamically adjusts the displacement amplitude to maintain an acceptance ratio close to 50%, balancing configurational exploration and convergence efficiency. Benchmark calculations on Au<span>(_{10})</span> successfully recover the established low-energy quasi-planar structure together with the competing three-dimensional isomer, demonstrating the reliability of the proposed workflow. As representative applications, we investigate the global structure prediction of B<span>(_7)</span>Al<span>(_2^+)</span>, B<span>(_{18})</span>Y<span>(_2)</span>, Ag<span>(_{14})</span>V<span>(^+)</span>, Ag<span>(_{15})</span>Ti<span>(^+)</span>, and Ag<span>(_{16})</span>Sc<span>(^+)</span> clusters, spanning metallic, mixed covalent–metallic, and medium-sized nanocluster regimes. The results demonstrate that the ABH methodology provides an efficient and robust first-principles strategy for locating low-energy structures across diverse bonding environments and chemically complex systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148466442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a pretreatment procedure for single particle ICP-MS quantitative analysis of microplastics in inorganic-carbon-rich water samples","authors":"Pia Leban,&nbsp;Aljaž Iveković,&nbsp;Janja Vidmar","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06716-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06716-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study evaluates the applicability of single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS) for the quantitative detection of small microplastics (MPs) through monitoring of the carbon signal in tap water. To overcome high background signal originating from dissolved inorganic carbon typically present in tap water at elevated levels, a sample pretreatment procedure was developed to remove inorganic dissolved carbon while preserving the physicochemical properties of MPs. The optimized protocol involved mild acidification with 0.05% HNO₃ followed by ultrasonication for 60 min. This treatment effectively reduced the concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon by up to 97%, achieving background carbon levels comparable to those of ultrapure water, and enabling the detection of MPs smaller than 2 μm. The impact of the pretreatment on MPs was evaluated using polystyrene (PS) MPs in the 1 – 4.5 µm size range. In addition, systematic optimization of spICP-MS instrumental parameters was conducted across four configurations differing in sample introduction system and torch injector inner diameter. Among the tested setups, the combination of a conventional concentric nebulizer and a 2.5 mm torch injector provided the most reliable performance for detecting MPs. Under optimized conditions, the spICP-MS method was used for MPs spiked to tap water, followed by the proposed pretreatment, which showed the procedure had negligible effects on particle concentration, size distribution, morphology, and surface characteristics. This was also confirmed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The proposed pretreatment strategy, coupled with optimized spICP-MS conditions, shows potential for the first assessment of the contamination of tap water with MPs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-026-06716-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative nano sensors: boron quantum dots for precision detection of folic acid","authors":"Tuna Demirci,&nbsp;Durukan Koç,&nbsp;Erdem Elibol","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06713-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06713-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, heavy-metal-free boron quantum dots (BQDs) were successfully synthesized via a one-pot solvothermal approach using boric acid dissolved in an optimized dimethylformamide (DMF) and monopropylene glycol (MPG) dual solvent system. To establish a highly selective “off-to-on” fluorometric nanosensor, the surfaces of the BQDs were tailored via silver (Ag) modification. The structural, chemical, and optical behaviors of the synthesized nanomaterials were comprehensively validated through HR-TEM, FT-IR, and UV-Vis characterizations. Under optimal conditions, the BQD-Ag sensor exhibited a constant photoluminescence (PL) emission peak within the 446–449 nm range. Benefiting from a rigid linear coordination geometry between the surface silver ions and the pteridine nitrogen of folic acid (FA), the sensor demonstrated outstanding sensitivity with a revised limit of detection (LOD) of 0.058 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.176 µM across a wide linear range. The practical reliability of the platform was successfully evaluated using complex real-world agricultural matrices, including parsley, red lentil, and green lentil. The method yielded exceptional reproducibility with relative standard deviations (%RSD) below 0.60% and satisfactory spike and recovery values ranging between 91.2% and 104.8%. Eliminating the need for hazardous heavy metals while preserving superior optical qualities, this sustainable BQD-based platform offers a cost-effective, precise, and robust alternative for potential biosensing, food safety regulations, and clinical diagnostics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting colorectal cancer biomarkers in breath: DFT optimization of metal oxide nanoclusters for ultrasensitive sensing","authors":"Chun Fu","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06708-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06708-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this computational study, we explore the potential of pristine metal oxide fullerene-like nanoclusters (X₁₂O₁₂; X = Ca, Mg, Be) as theoretical candidates for nanosensors for two volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with colorectal cancer (CRC), benzaldehyde and indole, using density functional theory (DFT). Systematic research was done on the electronic structure modulations, charge transfer, adsorption energetics, and sensing mechanisms. Results indicated that all three nanoclusters exothermically and spontaneously adsorb the target VOCs. The most notable adsorption-induced decrease in the energy gap (up to −40.31%), a crucial factor in electrical conductivity–based sensing, is demonstrated by the Be₁₂O₁₂ nanocluster, which stands out as the most promising sensing platform. Analyses of electron localization functions and non-covalent interactions verify that Be₁₂O₁₂ forms interact with the VOC biomarkers in a targeted and appropriate manner. Importantly, for reusable sensor operation, Be₁₂O₁₂ provides an ideal balance between strong adsorption and quick recovery while maintaining exceptional sensitivity in the solvent phase. Additionally, it exhibits consistent performance across a range of VOC concentrations and excellent selectivity against common breath interferents. Significant bathochromic shifts in the absorption spectra upon VOC adsorption were found by UV-Vis analysis for optical sensing applications. The Be₁₂O₁₂ nanocluster showed the largest redshifts, going from 177 nm in its pure state to 285 nm and 240 nm after binding with indole and benzaldehyde, respectively. This strong optoelectronic response indicates that it can be used as a highly sensitive colorimetric or optical sensor in addition to an electrical sensor for the detection of VOCs linked to colorectal cancer. These findings suggest the potential of Be₁₂O₁₂ nanoclusters as a theoretically promising candidate that may warrant further experimental investigation for breath-based diagnostic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid-phase chemical reduction and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of copper nanocrystals: advances in synthetic control, antioxidation strategies, and applications","authors":"Shuangping Chen,&nbsp;Shuzhong Wang,&nbsp;Hui Liu,&nbsp;Wenjin Zhang,&nbsp;Leiting Song,&nbsp;Yanhui Li","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06689-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06689-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copper nanocrystals are promising materials for conductive pastes, printed electronics, catalysis, and energy-related devices because of their high electrical and thermal conductivity, catalytic activity, and low cost. However, their practical deployment remains limited by rapid oxidation, agglomeration, and the difficulty of simultaneously achieving synthetic controllability, oxidation resistance, and long-term functional stability. Although considerable progress has been made in the synthesis and surface protection of copper nanocrystals, the relationships among synthesis route, antioxidation design, and application-oriented performance have not yet been systematically integrated. This review addresses this gap by comparing two major synthetic routes, liquid-phase chemical reduction and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis, within a unified framework that connects synthetic control, oxidation resistance, and practical applicability. The nucleation and growth behavior of copper nanocrystals are first summarized, followed by an analysis of how reducing agents, precursors, stabilizers/protective agents, solvents, and supercritical reaction conditions affect particle size, morphology, crystal structure, and dispersion behavior. Major antioxidation strategies, including surface coating, crystal-plane reconstruction, and surface conversion, are then compared, with emphasis on their mechanisms and compatibility with low-temperature sintering, conductive interconnects, and long-term reliability. Representative applications in conductive materials, catalysis, and functional composites are further discussed to clarify how materials design governs practical performance. By linking synthesis variables with antioxidation mechanisms and application requirements, this review provides a more integrated perspective than previous method- or application-focused summaries. Finally, key challenges and future directions are highlighted, including scalable green synthesis, cleaner surface-protection strategies, mechanistic in situ characterization, and durability evaluation under service-relevant conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PEGylated samarium-doped bismuth ferrite nanoparticles: synthesis, colloidal stability, and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation","authors":"Jennifer León,&nbsp;Diego Venegas-Yazigi,&nbsp;José Gallo,&nbsp;Duxan Arancibia,&nbsp;Sandra Fuentes","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06712-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06712-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we examined the structure, physical and chemical properties, colloidal behavior, and biological properties of nanoparticles of bismuth ferrite (BFO) and samarium-doped bismuth ferrite (BFO:Sm). These nanoparticles were coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000) and were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction and Raman vibrational spectroscopy showed that a rhombohedral perovskite (R3c) single-phase BFO structure formed and that Sm³⁺ ions entered the A-site of the crystal lattice. The functionalization of BFO NPs with PEG was confirmed by FT-IR and TGA. This material demonstrated enhanced colloidal stability physiological-like conditions in PBS (pH 7.3), as evidenced by dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements. In vitro cytocompatibility studies with HEK293 cells showed that PEGylation reduced nanoparticle toxicity. The results suggested that samarium substitution did not introduce additional toxicity within the analyzed concentration range. The results obtained under the studied conditions show the potential of PEGylated Sm-doped BFO NPs as stable and biocompatible candidates for future biomedical and theranostic imaging applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic voltammetry as a rapid descriptor of ligand-driven transformations and interfacial stability in MOF-based nanocomposites as a Fe3O4–MIL–88B(Fe) sample","authors":"Lyudmila Telegina,&nbsp;Lyubov Bondarenko,&nbsp;Artur Dzeranov,&nbsp;Kamila Kydralieva","doi":"10.1007/s11051-026-06704-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11051-026-06704-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Here, we introduce cyclic voltammetry (CV) as a rapid electrochemical screening tool for probing ligand-driven transformations and assessing the stability of MIL–88B(Fe) metal–organic framework and its Fe₃O₄-containing composites. The systems were investigated at pH 7.4 and 4.5 (PBS and NaOAc buffers) to simulate healthy extracellular tissue versus acidic tumor microenvironments, in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) and humic acids (HA). At pH 7.4, both Fe₃O₄ and MIL–88B exhibit weak, irreversible reduction near −0.6 V (vs RHE), confirming structural stability and negligible iron solubilization. AA plays a dual role: it promotes Fe₃O₄ dissolution through reductive iron–ascorbate complexation, yet passivates the MIL–88B framework against iron leaching via surface ligand exchange. In contrast, HA moderates these interactions by attenuating redox current densities—an effect attributed to the formation of a hydrophobic interfacial barrier that restricts ion migration and suppresses desorption of iron–ascorbate species—consistent with recent insights into macromolecular organic layers under electric fields. Under acidic conditions (pH 4.5), all systems show increased electrochemical activity indicative of proton-assisted destabilization. Notably, the Fe₃O₄–MIL–88B composite exhibits superior resistance to degradation compared to its individual components. This stabilizing effect arises from restricted accessibility of the iron center and reduced ion diffusion within MOF pores, coupled with the active redox participation of Fe₃O₄ rather than its passive role as a conductive support. Overall, CV is established as a powerful descriptor of iron speciation and interfacial dynamics. By distinguishing between surface-confined ligand exchange, breathing (indirectly via diffusion kinetics), and bulk structural rearrangement, our work provides an efficient, predictive framework for screening functional nanomaterials as an alternative to protracted conventional stability assays.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanoparticle Research","volume":"28 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}